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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 24, 1951)
AgreemenfqfOftawg On ( .. ... Speedup rRESINT-Robert Lovett, tha new U. $. Secretary of Defense, gets a 56th birthday' gift from hU wife. Loverf was con firmed by the Senate to succeed Gtn. George Catiett Marshall. Ottawa THE Atlantic Treaty ii mora than a military alliance pool ing tha resources of 12 North American and western European nations into a vast, defensive ring against the threaof Russian ag gression. One of the original articles specifi cally provides for political, social and economic cooperation among mem bers in order to raise the standard of living in the whole Atlantic commu nity of nations. But in the urgency of the times, military aspects of the treaty have been emphasized almost to the exclusion of its peacetime goals. A Bow to Peace The Ottawa conference of the 12 NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Or ' ganization) powers recognized this tendency and tried to correct it In what probably will be known as the Ottawa Declaration it reaffirmed non military purposes of the pact and appointed a commitee to blueprint ways and means of achieving better living conditions, economic stability, political, and social welfare. Then the 12 foreign ministers and their staffs of advisers hurriedly got : .down to the pressing business of the hour total mobilization and rearms-. meat. : . " - The executive committee or "stand ing group" of the NATO military staff committee presented a program re port by General Dwight D. Eisenhow er calling lor a speedup In deliveries -of troops' and arms to meet the dan ger of Red expansion. The standing group is made up of military chiefs of Britain. France and the United States. Mea, sTirnlftaiii and Money ; The matter of Increased arms pro . duction and American aid , was the - outstanding problem at the Ottawa conference. It was not solved there and ft obviously will continue to be a headache for a long time There was general agreement, on the need to rearm and build up forces under Eisenhower's command as rap idly as possible. But one minister after another questioned the extent td which many nations can do this without additional help obviously from the United States. The United States reportedly told ; Its European allies that American aid was at its peak with little prospect oi ' any increase. Secretary of State Dean Acheson is reported to have cited re cent cuts In foreign aid appropriations as evidence of the mood of Congress and the country ! , j Greece and Tarkey-' Another thorny problem at Ottawa was the American proposal to extend NATO membership to Greece end ; Turkey. Denmark and Norway at first protested that the interests, of two smell eastera Mediterranean coun tries were quite far from their own North Atlantic security problems. But the Atlantic Council invitations, by themselves, ere not final They must be approved by the 12 member governments, which would mean ratification by the U.S. Senate and by parliaments in other countries. Sidelights O Antibiotics, the so-called wonder drugs, do wonders for bogs. too. Pur due University's experimental farm gays terramycin or. aureomycin with vitamin B12 added to regulation feed fattens bogs in less time at lower cost. " O In Amsterdam, the world tobacco congress opened last week with "No Stroking signs over the door. ( O In Champaign, I1L, a communica tions snarlup has been straightened out. A new secretary at the University of Illinois was noted putting office letters in a large green trash can. She admitted having posted letters there for two weeks. O la Richland Center. Wis, a farmer f eund his missing cow roosting in a tree. She slipped off a mound in a hilly pasture and fell into a tree 10 feet below. t A i Of if r V ... : " -. ft ... "m' rT7 ' - i 3 , .. t .i . . .... ... f - - ...... 1 Teesdayj September 25 Anniversary (182nd), Bill of Rights.; .-I j ' ' r - Wednesday, September 2f Anniversary (37th), Federal Trade Commission. World Featherweight cham pionship: Sandy Saddler vs. Wil lie Pep, New York City. Saturday,! September 29 American; Indian Day. Michaelmas Day. - Sunday, September 31 Daylight Saving Time ends. Gold Start Mothers Day. Malaya Plea for Inciependenca Britain is faced with another de mand for independence among 4ts Asian coloniesJThis time it is Malaya, a federation of nine states, each gov erned by a native ruler under juris diction of a British high commis sioner. 1 -v I - - ' Freedom within seven years is the platform lot a oew political party un der the veteran ;Malay . leader, Dato Onn Bi4 : Jaafarl Leaders of ' labor groups, and Malay, Indian, Chinese, Ceyionese and Eurasian organizations have pledged support to the new In dependence Party. , Onn said the Question of whether. the Malay states would stay within the British Commonwealth depends on developments.! Be said a walkout from the Coms&onwealth need not be . a consequence 'of the drive for free dom; !i - : - - Dato Tan Chess Lock, president of the Malayan I Chinese Association, which, is sopporting the new organiza tion, said it would have to work hard to end Red terrorism which he de scribed as the greatest single obstacle to independence..; Chinese are the second largest racial group among Alalaya's. five million people. Ccimmunist -bands roaming the jungle: consist chiefly of Qiinese. i The nine federated states have an area of 50 C09 square miles, rich in rubber aid tinj One of the richest tin deposits is in the Kinta Valley in the state of Perak. The British introduced rubber trees a half century ago from seed smuggled but of Brazil and plan tations ia ell nine states form one of the world's greatest sources of natural rubber. - 1 I - TV- GEM DirARTUIS-Sovlst Deputy FortSsn Minister Andrei Gremyko heads fair liner Isle de France, homeward bound after unsuccessful effort to wreck Japanese: peace j treaty. KOR GEN. 11ATTHEW a RJDGWAY has notified the Cornmunista he still is willing to resume tha cease-fire talks but he called Kae song unsuitable for further armis tice negotiations. j While the Beds hatched new propa ganda blasts in reply, the United Na tiona commander fiew from Tokyo to Inspect the Korean fighting front It was his second visit since the Reds called off the truce talks August 23. with the first of a series of a dozen charges that Allied ground and air farces had violated the five-mile neu trality zone about Kaesong. J . Bitter Fighting . j ; Bitter fighting has flared on the eastern front and in the west an ominous Red buildup has brought aljout possibility of an imminent com munist offensive. I The first Allied limited offensive in the east began in mid-August from an Allied-line then 20 to 25 miles above the 38th Parallel. That drive carried four to seven miles in two weeks and cost the Beds their punchbowl assem bly area.' H ,;" ' ' .('.. j . Tough, bill fighting has carried the Allies northward about 12 miles in a campaign that has matched in savag ery, anything yet seen in the Korean war. : .;i i"; - Heavy Bed Cassaltiee . One frontline officer in the Soyaag River Valley said: "We are pretty sure we knocked out about two North Korean divisions on this sector alone.' His estimate covered only one sectof; there has been-equally heavy fighting elsewhere on the eastern front. American,; Turkish, Ethiopian and South Korean troops captured moun tains north (of Yanggu. The, Allies ; used bayonets and flame throwers in ience Harnessing : Solar Enemy : An Amerkan-Iermanteam of sci entists has made a basic discovery broadening the base of understanding problems involved in harnessing ; en - ergy from the sun. -i - The announcement has been made by the National Institute of Health, an agency of the U.S. Public Health Service, in a cautiously-worded state ment emphasizing that experiments are still in very early stages. ; . The basic discovery ' involves the possible mechanism of photosynthesis in utilization of solar energy. ! Plants as Factories Photosynthesis is the mysterious process by j; which plants : transform energy from the sun into living tissue or food. Ii -i j - ' "( ' The Health Institute says the mafhe matiral tormula used in the experi t rments now Is being prepared and will ' be published csxt month. It stressed that the new findings should not: be interpreted as offering an early prac tical means : of harnessing:, the sun's , energy. The 'statement added: "The findings do, however, provide one further step forward toward fuller understanding of an extremely com- ' plicated process which, when finally understood in its entirety.! may lend itself to practical application. Chlerella Farming ! ; OSdals said the present work has no direct bearing on normal farming, and has theoretical significance only with regardi to experimental "chlor- ella farming." . . Chlerella ; farming is relatively in which new experimental process one-celled microscopic plants are grown in vats in sunlight, j What the scientists have discovered is that in the case of chlorella under ideal laboratory conditions, it is the oretically possible to utilize as much as S3 per cent of -the solar energy. ' The Institute issued its report fol lowing rumors that scientists had made a revomtionary discovery which would make' tannine; unnecessary by cheaper and more efficient production of plant life; in "food factories The statement declared: : ! - "The practical importance of these experimenta l f ors furnishing food or energy is a question for the future." : i EA: I I" Dogged vahcb on ,-, . ,,i - - i i i i - m '''TwwswssBiessMaaBaieiejess r!' . Cfl TKS MOVE-litttt baoTtrt (fartsraond) advene with U14. troops en Koraa's eastern front, M the backgrowiMl ore rwssed kCIs, whose peaks were wwn by bitter hand-to-hand -fightiea. bitter and-to-hand fighting against the dug-m foe. f The Allied gains In the east if sus tained could gradually swing the U.N. front front a general east-west; line to a diagonal southwest-northeast front Natural Defense T This would put,UJl forcesSwithin striking distance of a natural defense line running roughly from Woesanon the east coast southwest to the present In Short..; 9 rassed: i By Congress, the i largest military eonstruction program ' ever proposed in peacetime. $5,837,563478 for installations over half the globe this in addition to the 60 billion dol lars under consideration fori direct financing of U.S. armed forces. Ordered: By the President, cancel lation of trade concessions to Commu nist Bulgaria, effective October 17; notice of I intent ' to - cancel : similar benefits lias been' sent Russia. Hun gary, Poland and Czechoslovakia. Marked; By The New York) Times? one of the world's great newspapers, its 100th birthday on September 18. Drafted By Communist Hungary, all Catholic priests under 35 years of age for military service, according to refugee reports, v . . - " .UM: S8 Indochixiese troops fit a French landing ship struck by a mine off the Cochin China coast 1 ' t U 1 T ,:r . - Vlia. ifSV 'IS I : I : : ' i ' I. i w A CANADIAN KOSForetgn mtntsfers of the 12 North Atlantic Treaty powers were erected bY this picket Dee la front of Ottawa's Parliament buildings. Pickets shouted, Tanks go home" end "NATO means war-wa want peace." Imjin River line In the west But there are many more 1000- to 4.000- foot peaks to be taken before mat objective can be reached. The Fifth Air Force said it opera tions to choke Off Communist rail and road traffic in North. Korea reached a peak in the last month. During the last two weeks in Angust, Fifth AF pilots destroyed or damaged ZJSOO trucks and forced the Beds to turn ARSEN AL: FafirastrC New Land, Sea & Air ' Within the past fortnight, the De partment of Defense has drawn the curtain slightly on some of the "fan tastic new weapons' referred to by President Truman. Sen. Brien iMcMahon (D-Conn.) called" on the U.S. to equip its mili- tary forces with atomic power instead of old style conventional weapons. Within three years, he said. A-Bombs 4 could be mass-produced for $250,000, less than, the cost ox a single tank. He said mass production of atomic weapons, virtually without limitun til there is international control of all weapons is the only hope of the UJ5 to escape bankruptcy or military ruin. . Contracts have been' awarded for constructioB of, atomic-powered sub marines and aircraft. The Atomic En ergy Commission has tested compact . SET' LJU a . S f I ' Hill Fighting ItilCoreaHCamp a special EastlFronf again to their battered rail system In an effort to xuddIv the front. But loaded aunotv trains, afforded fat targets, particularly when stalled before damaged bridges or bombed- out sectioos of track. In one. six-day period of around-the-clock operations, Fifth AF planes destroyed IS locomo- tives. damaged 18 others, destroyed 230 freizht cars and damaged more than 600 others. MAT ADO I-B-61 rodar-conirolled pllolless boaiber drops feel i tank and zooms off into space heading for pinpoint target, jj A-Bombs designed for use by Navy carrier planes. L The President asked Congress for $434443,003 more to complete the new hydroeea bomb plant on the Savmn nh B3vex in South Carolina, bringing to JLISO.000,000 the total for that project.' t- I ' ! Atanlc acaaeavera The first j atomic maneuvers with combat troops in the field will be held soon at Frenchmen's flat, Nev. There are rumors.! as yet unconfirmed, that atomic artilkry shells may be used in the tests. -; f. "1 r - . Another new development is the B-81 pQotless bomber which fit Air Force says Is already in production and ready fr combat use. It is called 'theUatador. : j The Air Force" says the B-61 Is a true guided . mis$ile--not a conven tional plane: made mto a drone. The first iPilotless Bomber Squad ron (Light) will he organized at the Quotes Presideat Treaasu "Soviet citi zens live in fear. Their society is a jungiej" through which the naked power of the government prowls like a beast of prey, mak ing all men afraid.; BrUisb Defense SSsOster Buaeal . Shlmrell: "Russia is ahead in the arms race Russia's strength is actual, ours is still largely potential. , - -r Flares ! - t V . v ... i ''I ' ' SHOKTY-Possibly smallest recruit tn Air Force is Pvt. Richard Jtadtey, 29, who had to get waiver of his 47" htlaht to lo a. IrajtMxces Oil Crisis 1 1 " fPHE government of Premier X Mohammed Mossadegh faced -a growing crisis in and but of Par liament, stemming from failura - to reach a settlement with Britairi over Rationalization of the Anglo Iranian Oil Company, j ; i J ' . J For the third time, opposition depu ties io Parliament boycotted the pre mier'jf request for a vote of confidence on his latest "get tough moves wit -the British. Each time, the opposition stayed away, making ja uorumi inj- - possible. ! f ' Bevelt Rumors Dr. Vfossadegh conferred with Army v chiefs and security police over a re ported; plot to overthrow his govern- ment Some sources discounted.: talk - of a coup d'etat but intimated Mos sadegh might, use the, rumors as a pretext to jail his oppoheats. I - W. Averell '. Harriman, the Presi dent's trouble shooter who attempted to mediate the dispute, : refused transmit Mossadegh's latest ultima- tam.;j ;- r, , - -..; iv;:.; W,. ii " American . Ambassadori Henry f. Grady, who returned to the VS. trom Tehran last week, characterized Mf- ' sadegb's regime as "not strong ! Nt , stubborn." i eaery Shot Dowa At Abadan, the Anglo-Iranian! OU Company announced it would 1 cut 20,000 Iran fan employes .off the pay roll on the first of the month. Tiu would leave a maintenance staff' o about r? ,000 at Abadan. the worlds largest reflnery now virtually shut down i Weapons !! i f i big USAF missile test center at CocoaJ FUu, on October I. The sadroa.'partp of the 6555lh Guided Missile Win of the Air Research and Develcpmeni Commaod. will become a combat nni at thet end of its traitung under n Tactical Air CommandJ A New Era i The new weapon adds; new meaning; to . the old phrase -command of th air." Not only must air' domination! include : superiorrry ; of : Eghter mf bomber planes but control of the ra- dio waves themselves must beiaf sured.! Otherwise an enemy might divert the missile front its intended target! or actually turn it around and bead it back to strike at the Uuncher . " Guided missile experts are known' . to have concentrated j 1 on method which; would foil an enemy attempl either; to jam radio frequencies evel which guidance signal? are sent, or-tqj seize actual control of the missile bjf use of greater power at the same frel quencies. " r . ' Origin la TTorid War n i; The Nazis were the first to re mis siles into eaemy troop concentrations supply, dumps and harbors. Bat tne German V weapons in EWorld War II were not guided missiles; they werej prrt. J - j " ' The race since then has been tJj develop a reliable control: for direct 4 mg missiles to pinpoint targets. in- stead of using them in a sbotcunj barrase-style attack. This preosian faii vital if expensive atomic charges areu to be used.. ; " i ., .- (AM Rights Kcirrrtd, AF" eruxt'ttatMi 1 s I 3 it i i ;V -! )