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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 26, 1951)
4 The StatmaHu Salem Oregon, Monday, Ytbraarf 2S, 1$S1 "No From First Statesman. IHarch tS, 1151 THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING; COMPANY CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and j Publisher rabilahed' crery morning, easiness office Z15 S. Commercial, Salem, Oregon. Telephone 2-2441. Entered at tha postofflca at Salem. Five Basic JFallacies Such is the title of an article in last week's New York Times magazine by its editor, Lester Markel. Out of the rumor and gossip and agi tation and argument over international and national affairs Markel distinguishes five be liefs which in his judgment are in error. These beliefs are not confined to Washington though voiced most frequently there. They are spread over the country, so deserve examination lo cally. Let us list them, following Markers out line and his rejoinders. 1. The atomic fallacy. This .idea is double, that the atomic bomb is a decisive weapon and that we should "drop it now" on Russia. The atomic weapon is powerful, but not in &elf conclusive; and to shoot the works now would precipitate general war, open lands of our allies to destruction. 2. The geographic fallacy. This is the Hoover Taft idea that we can keep ourselves secure "behind our ocean moats and rely on sea and air power. Markel's response: The Fallacy: There is no Gibraltar, no for tress, that can be made surely safe against atomic attack. Second, '"sea and air control" implies bases and bases imply allies. Finally, this is not fundamentally a military problem or even a geographic one; it is one to be solved, ultimately, not with arms, but with doctrine. 3. The McCarthy fallacy the general suspi cion cast on public officials as being soft toward communism. The fact is that the vast majority of government workers are loyal and faithful. The accusations against the state department as a haven for reds has never been proved. The current of hysteria though is damaging: "many good men will not take Washington jobs be cause they are unwilling to submit themselves to the kind of ordeal by fire and by adjective to which otherahave been subjected." 4. The righteous fallacy. This is the self pride that the "American way" is best and "the only way." We like our way of life but that aesn't mean that others would or should. We can well be more tolerant of the aims and the ideas of people of other nations. 5. The leadership fallacy the search for the "strong man," the Moses or Napoleon as the "man of the hour." Markel says: The Fallacy: No leader can do the job by himself . Leadership arises primarily from the people, from the Main Streets of the nation rather than from Pennsylvania Avenue. Unless the average citizen performs his duties as a citizen, dealing responsibly with the great is sues of the day, leadership will fail. Suppose we put it in simple English: keep your shirts on. Don't get panicky, and don't get abusive. Rely on facts rather than prejudices and on hearsay. In this very complicated mod ern world do not look for a sign or a gadget that will solve all our problems. If we use our common intelligence constructively we'll solve these problems successfully. Safety Work Duplication Rep. Earl Hill has a bill to abolish the indus trial accident and unemployment compensation commissions and assign their duties to the labor commissioner. The latter is an elected official. Three persons appointed by the governor com pose both the commissions. Hill anticipates that substantial savings could be achieved through this consolidation. The idea is not new. Repr Perry of Columbia In 1941 had a bill to transfer the work of the labor commissioner to the accident commission. Organized labor has opposed this, feeling that it has nibs on this elective office. Also it gets one position on the three-man commission. Truth is there is considerable duplication in safety work and factory inspection. The labor commissioner is responsible for inspecting fac tories in the interest of safety, and so is the IAC. And both carry on this work. The latter is primarily concerned with firms contributing to the state fund. The. labor commissioner's aiithnritv vtfnH tn nil nlarvx nrhr tfim ir hazardous occupations. He has of course many other duties besides this inspection work.. Some way should be devised to combine func tions of the two departments for inspections Reports from Russia Indicate U. S. Embargo j On Metals to Communist Nations Hurting Reds By William L. ftyan AP Tonirn Affairs Analyst WASHINGTON, Feb. 25-()-The Soviet Union is running into serious trouble in branches of its heavy industry, possibly because of an American elampdown on shipment of strategic materials to iron curtain countries. Shake ups and ominously threatening warnings in the industrial field attest to this. There have been a number of shakeups in Soviet ministries recently. One of the most intrig uing has just come to light: The Supreme Soviet's presid ium approved a shift in the ad ministration of the metallurgical industry The ministry has been split into two ministries one for ferrous metallurgy and on for non-ferrous. The former head of the overall ministry has been demoted. A. N. Kuzmin now is assistant min ister of ferrous metallurgy, and the chief of that new department is Ivan F. Tevosyan. This talent ed Armenian once held the joh,of minister of the combined metal lurgical industry. But in the now famous departure to Olympus of - the big shots of the politburo. Tevosyan left the post and de voted himself principally to being a vice premier and member of Favor Sway Us. No Far Shall Orecon, as second clan matter nader act of coaaTeaa Mrch 3, lS7a line. Sales Taxi Prospects The Oregon ludes that the iiennium. And that the tax sideration to sales tax legislation. A British: jet A bird, long zles. Now there is Jack Hayes A news report the council of ministers. He is one of the few members of the council who is not also a polit buro member, j That was at! the time that V. M. Molotov stepped out from under the burdeni of the foreign affairs ministry and A. I. Mikoy an from the foreign trade minis try to retire to a i sort of overall direction of things. 1 j j There are increasing signs that this lessening of the burdens loo tha big shots didnt work. The strong hand of ron discipline from the top wa lacking. One by one these ministers and this includes Molotovj himself are drifting back to more active di rection of the ministries they once left in the hands of their subordinates, j Tevosyan was not back in ac tive control for a week before he knocked off ai letter to Stalin, . noting that the ministry of fer rous metallurgy reported fulfill ment of its production program for iron, steel land rolled metal and iron tubing for 1950 under the five-year plam j ! j , ( ! , .But nothing is said of the other half of the metallurgical picture, the non-ferrous' ministry. That is now in charge of Peter F. Lo- statesman AtotT . tot safety. The duplication is unnecessary and expensive. Employers and workers ought to prod the legislature into some action on this Voter reports that "Sentiment in favor of Senator Ellis' sales tax bill is increas ing at the legislature. ... It is reported here irj Salem that, if submitted to the people at tne 1952 election, it would have a chance of approval." j This is the season when this biennial flower bursts into bloom. First there is pressure for nioney for state appropriations; second there is tne knowledge that the sales tax would be highly productive; third is the rumor that pub lic sentiment is changing and at another try the sales tax will pass. The flower of sales tax hppe which blooms in the early months of odd numbered years never seems to survive the summer. : As to present prospects reference may be made to a recent bulletin of "Your Taxes," from Oregon Business and Tax Research, an or ganization which has supported sales tax pro posals. Its comment labeled "editorial" is this: "No matter how it may be decorated with j. income tax; and food exemption, welfare, school j or general fund purposes, sales tax submission is a waste of time until the levying of a state purpose property tax makes taxpayers yell for help. ... A sales tax won't be adopted in Ore gon until Upstate taxpayer clamor brings an initiative bill to Portland and brings with it a substantial; part of the funds necessary to con duct at least 18 months of patient selling of a specific bill on the grassroots leveL . . . Port land business ; men are tired of raising cam- paign cash which is tossed away in big-agency-prepared ads and for lethargic publicity experts who seldom, if ever, get out into the hustings or close to! the people saturated with sales tax campaign futility." Editor of; the bulletin, F. H. Young, con- ground swell of demand for a sales tax isn't visible. We concur in that judg .rnent, in spite of the Voter's observation that support of the Ellis bill is increasing at the legislature. It always is, at this period of the as yet there is no indication committees are giving any con plane made the Atlantic cross ing, east to West, in four hours and 37 minutes, alnd had to buck stiff headwinds at that. A little niore speed and New Yorkers will be able to do their Paris shopping in a day with. time out for lunch. T" thought extinct, has been found ip numbers on Bermuda, reports a scientist. No, crossword puzzle fans, it isn't the auk, it's the cahow, which thus far has kept out of the puz talk about increasing the size of the game commission. Why doesn't some one think about, reducing the size or abolishing it? Nobody ever seems to be satisfied with the commission. is a good selection to head the state office of civil defense. He had experience in such work in the last war, is well informed on the current program and is eminently prac tical. He is! not one to get all the people busy digging for I bomb shelters in their back yards. from Prineville tells of sales of several ranches in central Oregon which to taled over a million dollars. And it was less than a score of years ago that ranchers couldn't pay their land taxes. Those that stuck out the hard time really did hit the jackpot. j Russia and the western powers are busy "tell ing each other off in notes they send back and forth. We can take this comfort, however, that so long as they confine their hostilities to invec tive no one is getting killed. mako. He held this job once be fore when it was highly import ant back in 1940, with world war threatening. A revealing light on the troubles of the ministry is con tained in a recent press blast against still another ministry, that of agricultural machine building under P. M. Goremykin. It was accused of using defective equipment, defective materials and producing defective output. The official press blast said this state of affairs was "causing ser ious harm to the national econ omy." ; We are fairly sure that the Soviet Union is suffering short ages of such things as uranium ore, nonferrous metals, seamless pipe and i other vital materials. Production of aluminum is ap parently far below demand. Nickel, copper, cobalt and other non-ferrous metals are appar ently short. . As a result of all this there likely will be more shakeups in the Soviet ministries not be cause the ministries will be to blame if they cannot get wwgh of these materials, but because the politburo must have scape goats. It; all adds up to one thing: the American embargo ; is iinyting. GRIN AND BEAR IT "Can't atop for breakfast, dear! . . . I'd never make It to the office In time for second breakfast with the boys ..." Senate Faces Five Heated Controversies By Edwin B. Haakinson WASHINGTON, Feb. 25 -(JP)-Five or more heated controvers ies, topped by the proposal to call 18-year-olds, faced the senate to day as it prepared to launch de bate on new draft legislation. Senate leaders have asked that debate begin Tuesday on the broad Universal Military Train ing and service bill. Chairman Russell (D-Ga) of the senate armed services com mittee told a reported there was even a chance that the big troops-to-Europe issue might get into the debate. He noted someone could offer a form of a resolution sponsored by Senator Wherry (R Neb) as a limiting amendment. Wherry would require congres sional approval before any ad ditional troops are sent to Europe. This issue is schedued for later consideration. Not Too Many Men "I have not found anyone who thinks 3,500,000 is too many men in the armed forces," Russell said. "Actually that is the only issue in the UMST bill." Russell said he expects disputes on these points: 1. Lowering the present mini mum induction age from 19 to 18. The senate bill wouM force local draft boards to call up first all available men in the presentl9-through-25-year draft pool. 2. Extending present required 21 months service by draftees and reservists to 26 months. Senator Morse (R-Ore) has promised a fight to retain the present 21 months, or failing in that, not more than 24 months. May Close Colleges 3. Deferment of 75,000 draftees in each of the next three years, after they have taken four months basic training, in order to com plete studies to be doctors, den tists, scientists or technicians. Several' senators want to double this number, saying a sharp, drop in male students might cause many smaller colleges to close. 4. Extension of present requir ed service In reserve units to a total of eight years, less active service. Several senators want to limit the reserve period, when a man remains subject to possible call to duty, to a lesser period. Others complain that the regular army, navy, air force and marines have neglected their reserves and have no real training program set up for them. 5. Continuation of the present automatic deferment for young men below 18 years and .six months who volunteer for the na tional guards of their states. The ROT ODD (Continued from page one.) at fantastic prices, and prices on city property and farm lands breaking into higher altitudes and prices of stocks pushing up ward it would seem to be a pretty good time to pause and "take profits" as the traders say. We should realize that the pro ductive capacity of America has expanded enormously since 1939, that competition for foreign mar kets will be keener, that the de ficiency in housing, in motor cars, in appliances has been pretty well overcome in the five years since the end of the war. The trend in bank investments in bonds is down while .private loans are in greater volume. Any chill there would affect credit and touch off selling in commod ities, and in securities too as traders saw the prospect of lower profits and higher business taxes. This may be just a case of a "blue Monday" feeling, but this country has not reached the point where prices can permanently defy the law of gravity. Those whose memories go back to 1920 and 1929 will concur. by Lichty " UMTS bill would allow the secre tary of defense to end this auto matic deferment under certain conditions. Meanwhile the house armed services committee planned to re open public hearings on a much revised UMTS measure. It would limit inductions to boys who are six months past 18 and contains numerous other changes from both the senate bill and requests of the defense de partment. Dulles States Way Paved for Peace in Pacific WASHINGTON, Feb. 25 - JP) -John Foster Dulles returned from almost five weeks of Far Eastern conferences today expres sing confidence "that the way has been paved for the reinforcement of peace, order and justice by positive and cooperative action in the Pacific island area." This was taken as an optimistic report by Dulles on prospects for a possible Pacific pact, similar to the Atlantic pact, uniting Pacific nations against communist aggres sion. Secretary of State Acheson has said a Pacific pact is under dis cussion. Dulles, President Truman's spe cial envoy on the trip, told re porters "we are in shape to go ahead promptly" with the drafting of a Japanese peace treaty. Dulles said he would report quickly to President Truman and state department officials. He was greeted at the airport after his flight from Honolulu by Acting Secretary of State James E. Webb and Assistant Secretary Dean Rusk. " "Our effort has been not merely to hasten a final settlement of the old war with Japan," Dulles said in a statement, "but to find ways to provide insurance against the new aggression which threatens ominously in the Pacific, as else where." Dulles talked with leaders in Japan, the Philippines, Australia and New Zealand. His primary mission was to pave the way for a Japanese peace treaty but the conferences produced considerable talk of a possible Pacific pact alliance. Australia, New Zealand and the United States were mentioned as the principal initial parties to the pact, with other anti-communist nations possibly coming in later. Rooming House Blaze Kills 2 At Castle Rock CASTLE ROCK, Wash-, Feb. 25 CP-Two men died in a rooming house fire early today after trying to fight through flames which des troyed the two-story wooden building. The landlady's dog roused his mistress and two women tenants who escaped from the house before firemen arrived. Firemen later found the dog's body huddled near the front door. The body of Ralph Nesbitt, 55, was found partially clothed, near the door of bis second-story room. Another roomer, Denny Arm strong, 35, got to the stairway be fore he died from suffocation. Walls and ceilings of the house smouldered for six hours before firemen could quench the fire. Castle Rock Fire Chief John Gill eland said the blaze started on the basement steps shortly after 12:30 aon. TRAFFIC RECKONING -NEW HAVEN -0P- A total of 24,583 persons, about one for ev ery 8,100 of the state's popula tion, were convicted of traffic vio lations in Connecticut during 1950. Fines assessed totaled $699, 629, or. about $28 per violation. Speeding was the leading com plaint, causing 8.448 arrests. Arrested for reckless driving were 1,765 and for drunken driving 1.502. V THIEF ON ALERT PASADENA. Calif, -i&h When Norman Munzlingera car brushed fenders with another vehicle, he got out to talk it over. While he was talking a thief hopped into his auto and drove away. Demos Offer Troop Move Compromise WASHINGTON, Feb. 25 iP) Senators Connally (D-Tex.) and Russell (D-Ga.) proposed tonight the senate approve additional ground troops for Europe subject to presidential check on other na tions contributions. At the same time, Senator Taft (R-Ohio), who found this proposal unsatisfactory, announced he is drafting an amendment to delay troop transfer until other nations guarantee to fill their defense Quotas. Connally and Russell, who head the foreign relations and armed services committees, respectively, made public the terms of a resolu tion they will seek to substitute for one proposed by Senator wner ry (R-Neb.). Wherry has sought to bar the dispatch of any troops to augment the North Atlantic defense force until Congress passes on the policy involved. Adoption Expected Adoption by the combined com mittees of the Connally-Russell resolution without substantial changes is expected late this week In their proposal, the two sen ators moved to put the senate on record as saying "the threat to the security of the United States and our North Atlantic treaty partners makes it necessary for the United States to station abroad such units of our armed forces as may be necessary and appropriate to con tribute our fair share of the forces needed for the joint defense of the North Atlantic area." The resolution would record the Senate as saying "the president should make certain that our North Atlantic treaty partners are mak ing contributions to the joint de fense of western Europe commen surate with their ability, geogra phic position and general economic condition." The president would be asked to consult with the secretary of de fense, the joint chiefs of staff, the foreign relations and armed serv ices committees of both houses and Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower before ordering troops abroad. To Report to Congress He also would be requested to report to congress every six months on the implementation of the North Atlantic treaty. The resolution also would approve Eis enhower's appointment as supreme commander in Europe. Taft, who will testify tomorrow before the two committees, told reporters he has about given up the idea of seeking any percentage or numerical limitation on the number of troops to be sent to Europe. Testimony by the Ohio senator and Senator Wherry of Nebraska, the republican floor leaders, will precede an appearance Tuesday by former President Herbert Hoover. Taft isn't flatly opposing the assembling of six American divis ions under the command of Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower as a part of the North Atlantic defense force. But he said that before the Unit ed States makes even that commit ment, it should have a contract with western European allies spec ifying their contributions to the international army. "It would be foolhardy for us to make commitments until; we have the definite promise from other nations that they will provide the divisions necessary for an ade quate army," Taft said. Fulbright Says RFC Board Too Eager to Please WASHINGTON, Feb. 25 -JPh Senator Fulbright (D-Ark.) said today the reconstruction finance corporation (RFC) is "so weak, so eager to please" it would jump at almost any suggestion that it make a government loan. And Senator Capehart i (R-Ind.) urged that white house aide Don ald Dawson be called to answer questions by a senate banking sub committee investigating the RFC. Capehart wants to know about President Truman's study of con gressmen's correspondence with the RFC on loans. The banking subcommittee Fulbright is its chairman issued a report recently. It said three RFC directors had allowed them selves to be influenced on granting loans. The report said that : Dawson, who is Mr. Truman's aide, appear ed to be one of those who exerted undue influence. Mr. Truman called the report asinine. Appearing on a television show today Fulbright said that; although he thinks RFC actions have been "highly improper he doesn't think they're illegal. At one point, Fulbright said: . "This board is so weak, so eager to please that if anyone wrote a letter down there simply saying, 'look at this, will you, and give it whatever it deserves,' they j would take this opportunity to ! create some goodwill" and make the loan. Red Peace Council Asks Big 5 Pact BERLIN, Feb. 25-)-Tne communist-sponsored World i Peace Council today urged the United States. Britain, France, Red China and Russia to sign a five-power pact for the preservation of peace. The council, which has been meeting In the Soviet sector of Berlin for several days, asked all nations of the world to support its big five proposal and said rejection of the plan would be regarded as proof of the aggressive plans of the government concerned, who would then also bear the responsibility." G VS. Coniroverey'' To Clfaax In Waslniimgtioini i SEATTLE, Feb. 25-4P)-Washington stat 's hottest public vs private power controversy builds up to a climax; in the next 48 hours at Washington, D. C. and opposing forces ldng will wear the scars of battle regardless of the outcome. t- ! At issue is the, proposed sale of the Inland ; Empire's Washington Water Power company to a group of northeastern Washington pub lic uuuty districts. The amount involved is esti mated at close to $100,000,000 to cover all phases of the deal for W WPs generating, distributing and transmission system covering most of eastern Washington and northern Idaho. i Focal point of the power scrap is whether the securities and ex change commission has Jurisdic tion over the transaction. PUD's, public power advocates and the New York holding com pany! which controls WWP say no; a variegated combine of opposing forces says yes. May Be Tested in Courts The decision is up to the SEC and even that may. be tested in the courts. The commission ruling is ' due sometime Monday or- soon afterward. It will be preceded by a study of testimony at SEC hear ings recently in Spokane and Washington, D.C., and- final oral arguments in another hearing that opens Monday in the national capital. The final hearing is set for one day, but so many attorneys have asked time to argue the highly technical legal issues the session might extend into Tuesday. The question of jurisdiction hinges on interpretation of the federal holding company act. PUD's are exempt from SEC re gulation. But the position of Am erican Power and Light, which owns all WWP common stock, is in doubt Partially Under SEC The fact that American is a pri vate company which plans to do business with public agencies ap pears to be the crux of the issue. Washington and Idaho state of ficials, along with the Spokane Chamber of Commerce and vari ous civic organizations, contend that American's part in the sale comes under SEC control. Anti jurisdiction forces deny this is true. If the SEC holds that it has a say-so in the deal, it could, re quire American to make a full declaration of details such would be mandatory in case of a sale to a private purchaser. This would lead to further prolonged hearings and give the SEC the final word. A no-jurisdiction decision likely would bring the transaction to a speedy close. The four PUD's reported in volved in Chelan, Douglas, Stev ens and Pend Oreille counties could be faced with a bond issue calculated at nearly $100,000,000. Cost of Stock Experts arrive at the total am ount this way: A notice already filed with the SEC by American shows that the holding company would- receive from $56,000,000 to $61,000,000 for common stock acquired in 1928 at a cost of $68, 000,000. Another $25,000,000 Would be used to retire WWP bonds and preferred stock, while $2,000,000 would go for settlements of the WWP employes' retirement fund. Additional money would be re quired for tax settlements by the PUD's and for fees. Unofficial sources say Guy C. Myers, fiscal agent for the PUD's, would get approximately $97,000 to be paid one-fifth in cash and the remain- Steam Cleaning Buildings Industrial Equipment S Farm Machinery Farm Buildings No Mileage Charge A. D. Akerman Phone J-597Z P. O. Bex 281, Salem INVESTORS! Your income tax return requires tho address of the aipor-, ations that paid you dividends in 1950. We largest yon contact us for Una Information. A. W. Smither, Representing CONRAD, BRUCE & CO. Investment .Securities 203 Oregon Building, Pione 3-4106 Salem, Oregon j" " '"" jvfe Portland Medford - . VBtQ pHildimg " cup der in installments over a period of years.- Myers' fee normally is 1 per cent of the total amount in volved. Lots of I Bitterness ! Bitterness between opposing factions, displayed both publicly and ' privately, surpasses that of any power fight in the state since the public power movement start ed in Washington several decades ago. It spread to Idaho, which threa tened Washington PUD officials and Howard L. Aller, president of American, with prison sentences. Idaho Officials said the deal would violate ja recently passed state law banning the sale of any power properties there to outside agen cies. : Feeling in Spokane is heavily anti-public power. That city has 63 per jcent of WWPs customers, while less than 10 per cent reside in coujnties of the ' four PUD's seeking' to take over the WWP system Spokane witnesses at the hearing there cited this as a prime example of the tail wagging the dog. ! The PUD's view Is differently. They see Spokane as the last im portant! private-power island in a spreading sea of public power. 'The Northwest Public Power association estimates that public power (will serve . 63 per cent of all users in Washington when Seattle s City Light takes over Puget Sound Power 8c Light pro perties week. in the : Seattle, area next Wheh western Washington PUD's absorb Puget's remaining facilities, public power's share in the state would go up to 80 per cent. .1 Sti dents Aid Blind Farmer EUGENE, Feb. 25-(jP)-A group of students from a GI agricultural class patched in last week to help a farmer who was' behind in his chores.l j , ( The farmer, : Claude j Mathes, lives near; here with his wife and two children. The ex-GIs went out to his farm, armed with a tractor and other; equipment, and helped him complete his hew home, re paired ja chicken coop, dug a 330 foot irrigation ditch, split a winter wood supply and cleared brush in front qf his house for a road. Matties is bund. He lost his sight when Jap bomb exploded near him in war. New Guinea during the last The Donulation of Finland is nine per cent Swedish. 0 JIM 3T f&lft u 'Her ' apr- Mr- nu t tit mi c BILL OSKO 1465 N. Capitol Fh. 3-56C1 mm iMeter . Free Parking Eugene Vancouver, Wn. f;M; IiV4. ilf'Mj EST THE FRIENDLY BUS LINE I . .,1