The Oregon statesman., January 21, 1951, Page 16, Image 16

lV-The Statesman. Sclem, Orecron. Sunday. January 21. 1951
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By John L. Sprinrer
A prophet who forecast It five years
go would probably have had his reason
examined. But it has come to this:
The anti-communist democracies seem
to be moving toward the rearming of Ger
many and Japan as rapidly as possible.
Searching for power to hold off what
President Truman calls Russia's plans for
world domination, the Allies have inevit
ably turned to these former Axis powers
which stoutly battled the rest of the world
for five years.
Germany and Japan are not what they
used to be. But what they are could be ex
tremely helpful to a western world that
weakened itself, converting to peace, while
Russia kept mobilizing for war.
Together, Japan and west Germany
(those zones of the former Reich now under
Allied control) have 130,000,000 people.
Their population is two-thirds that of Rus
sia. Together, Japan and west Germany pro
duce an estimated 20,000,000 tons of steel
a year more than two-thirds of Russia's
estimated 27,000,000 tons.
Both; countries have come back remark
ably from the bombed wrecks they were in
1945. Today they are producing heavy in
dustrial materials equal to, or greater than,
their prewar outputs.
Both; are becoming major industrial
powers again, ranking with England and
France.
The world's strain has now become 6o
great that these powers probably can not
sit on the fence, as in a way they have
been doing, for much longer. Foreign affairs
analysts believe they must soon go all-out,
on one side or the other.
If the Kremlin mov'es in and lines them
up, the result as Truman warned in his mes
sage to Congress last week, would be truly
catastrophic. If rearmed by the west, U. S.
military :men believe, they might defend
themselves in part against communist ag
gression. But Allied hopes to write the former
enemies into over-all defense plans against
communism will not be realized easily.
For one thing, the Russians object. They
have been reported creating an army of
east Germans, incorporating the peoples east
of Berlin into their mobilized sphere with
a dictator's ruthlessness. But they thunder
against Allied proposals to rearm the west
Germans, and there have even been thinly
veiled threats that they would fight over the
issue. They were similarly irate when Gen.
Douglas MacArthur, supreme commander of
the Allied powers in Tokyo, told the Japa
nese that they might have to "mount force
to repel force."
Another objection comes from the west
Germans and Japanese themselves. Polls
made among the formerly militaristic Teu
tons reveals a disturbing unwillingness to
shoulder arms again.
And the Japanese are almost unanim
ously opposed to setting up a new army and
navy unless a peace treaty recognizes their
Independence again.
The Allies spent millions of lives to get
these Axis peoples to lay down their arms.
Evidently the job was better done than most
people realized. For it is a tremendous task
to get them to pick up their guns again.
in
Switzerland
to 32
GENEVA, Switzerland, Jan. 20
(tfVAt least 32 persons have been
killed and many others are miss
ing in an unprecedented series of
avalanches in eastern Switzerland
in the last 24 hours.
The death toll was given as a
minimum by the semi-official
Swiss news agency late tonight
after a day of frantic rescue opera
tions in scores of villages and Al
pine valleys.
Firemen, . police, soldiers, fron
tier guards and civilian workers
still worked to dig out from moun
tains of snow any victims who
might still be alive.
Rescue operations were ham
pered by broken communications
and continuing heavy snowfall.
No trains can move in the stricken
area and warnings, of still more
avalanches kept all traffic off the
few roads remaining open.
In Northern Italy "
The avalanches were not con
fined to Switzerland. A report
from Milan said there had been
four deaths from slides in north
ern Italy. In Austria, at least three
persons have been killed.
Thick, wet snow has been fall
ing in eastern Switzerland at a
rate of nearly two inches an hour
for more than 24 hours. The small
est drift can grow quickly into a
mass weighing tons. The new
weight breaks the crust on older
layers and a deadly avalanche
crashes into a valley below.
The series of disasters began at
Zernez, near the Swiss national
park, last night when an elderly
road worker was killed by one of
tne first slides reported. Six men
trying during the night to dig him
out were swept away by more
slides at the same spot.
Villages Evacuated
Many villages in the 15,000-
Some Los Alamos experiments
the United States atomic energy are done bv crews a Quarter mile
away, using iciiiuie control ana
television. A quarter mile is the
usual safety limit for a reactor
or atomic oven when unshielded.
The minimum safety limit from an
A-bomb explosion is a mile-and-a-half.
The limit for a smaller ex
plosion has not been published.
The Nevada range will furnish
a variety of safety possibilities.
The commission announced that
hydrogen bombs will not be test
ed in Nevada. This, however, does
not preclude testing of the behav
ior of fusing hydrogen fusing be
ing the reaction which explodes
an H-bomb. Hydrogen-testing has
been under way on a laboratory
scale at Los Alamos. Even labora
tory tests, while still small-scale,
might reach the stage where safe
ty of personnel makes large space
desirable. There is a special rea
son for testing small amounts of
New Testing Ground Indicates
U.S. Seeking A-Explosives for
Entire Range of War Weapons
By Howard V. Blakeslee
Associated Press Science Editor ! , , .
,,,,, , nn . ... , .... ' ... coming Nevada explosions ex-
NEW ORK, Jan. 20-;P)-Establishment of the new atom-testing , imental nuclear detonations."
range in Nevada indicates we are working toward atomic explosives j That covers a large area of secret
for the entire range of war weapons. Success would mean a new line possibili ties. One certainly has to
of weapons to substitute gradually for ordinary explosives. j do with bombs of greater power.
The goal appears to be a variety of weapons smaller, more com- i reasonable guess is A-bombs of
pact, lighter in weight, more esaily delivered. Not only bombs which I reduced size and liehter weight
can oe aeuvereo oy many ratner
than by just a few types of planes,
but war heads delivered by many
other methods for many other
purposes.
The virtually universal belief
Mhat there can be no atomic explo
sion except a big one is not even
historically correct. The British
A-bomb report, issued simultan
eously with the American Smyth
report, revealed that there is a
smaller explosion.
American experts said nothing
about this possibility. But last Au
gust's U. S. government publica
tion, "The Effect of Atomic Wea
pons," officially acknowledged
this. Both the British and the
American reports used the same
term atomic fizz.
The British went further say
ing this A-explosion might be lit
tle different in energy than con
ventional explosives. That rating
seemed to wipe out worth-while
military uses, especially because
it seemed to imply that nothing
except a full-size A-bomb could
fizz, and that would be a sheer
waste. But the rating did not wipe
out the scientific possibility that
further study might show how to
control a fizz to get an explosion
somewhere between an A-bomb
and TNT.
May Be Handicap
For war, the great power of an
A-bomb may be a handicap at
times, because many targets are
not large enough. From the first,
both military men and scientific
advisers said an atomic bomb
could do greater total damage if
the same power could be divided'
into smaller, separate explosions
to spread over a wider area.
The small-explosion A-bomb
has not been realized. But
A-bombs that can' be carried in
smaller planes are an official fact.
This development has gone almost
unnoticed. It is still generally sup
posed that only the B-29, B-50 or
Bj6 bombers are capable of car
rying an A-bomb. The weights of
these three run from 135,000
pounds to more than 300,000 each.
Attack Plane
However the navy has two
smaller A-bomb carriers. One is
the A-J 1, of 55,000 pounds. This
is a carrier-based plane. It is fur
thermore an attack plane. The
navy's Neptune also can carry an
A-bomb. The Neptune is a land
based plane, which can land and
take off from carriers. It is heavier
than the A-J 1 attack plane.
A new 600-mile-an-hour jet
bomber is being produced, but so
fax as reported these planes, are
for -old" bombs. '
Still another official fact almost
completely overlooked is the "pos
sibility of a . small nuclear explo
. ston," to use the words in the Jan
uary, 1950, semi-annual report of
commission. The commission told
of this possibility in describing an
experiment officially called the
Dragon but known also in scien
tific literature as the Guillotine.
It consists in dropping a piece ol
explosive metal through a hole in
a similar piece.
Chain Reaction
As the falling piece passes its
counterpart, a momentary chain
reaction occurs; that is, neutrons
which are the sole instigators of
an atomic explosion start their
speed-up in splitting atoms. The
A-bomb explosion is merely the
by-product heat from this split
ting. The momentary chain-reaction
likewise produces heat, but not so
much. At Los Alamos, where this
dragon or guillotine originated
during the war, the heat never
was permitted to go far enough
to cause an explosion. The test was
used to learn the potency of bomb
metals, and the radioactivity show
ed this before building up to an
explosion. The radioactivity builds
up before the heat, and it was this
preliminary build-up of lethal
rays that caused the loss of two
lives at Los Alamos ;during tests
of chain-reactions,
The Nevada tests are called con
trolled explosions. One fact has
been published that explains some
of the things the bomb makers
may wish to control. I This fact is
that uranium or phitonium, of
greater purity than was available
in the early A-bomb, will react
faster, with the possibility of more
powerful explosions and possibly
a smaller weight of critical metal
the lower limit which will ex
plode. Delayed Radioactivity
There are other known fields
for better controls. Such as damp
ing or delaying the spread of ra
dioactivity until the very last in
stant before explosion, reflecting
the neutrons, and the gun inside
the bomb.'
The commission calls the forth-
Flu Epidemic
Hits Alabama
GORDA, Ala., Jan. 20 -UP)-A
mounting flu epidemic in this west
Alabama town of 1,200 affected 250
persons today.
Dr. L. C. Davis, the town's only I
doctor, said 157 school children !
were absent from school Friday i
and he asked that all schools re !
main closed through Wednesday, j
The epidemic started two weeks 1
ago, Davis reported, and "there's j
no let-up in sight." He himself
was among the early victims.
The physician said the flu is in
a mild form and few cases have
developed complications so far.
PLAN POSTWAR LINK
NEW DELHI -iJF)- The govern
ment of India has agreed to the
establishment of the Japanese
overseas agencies at New Delhi,
Bombay and Calcutta, a commerce
ministry official said here. This is
the first official link of the post
war Japan with India. These ag
encies will have both commercial
and consular functions but no con
sular status.
hydrogen under controlled condi
tions. This is the published predic
tion of scientists that if a little
hydrogen can be made to explode,
then any amount whatever can
als,o be exploded.
Estate Sale of Painter Farm
Approx. 126 acres, C room dwr., garare, barn, chicken house
and 2 sheds located about 6 miles north of Salem on St Paul
highway on Rt. 2, Box 256.
Bids Must Be Made to Pioneer Trust Co.
PIONEER TRUST BIDG., SALEM, OREGON
Phone 3-3136 for Further Details
Figurine
Supplies
Dresden Craft
Paint and Decorate! your own
lovely Figurines without firing
or baking It's easy and inter
esting. THE SHED
11S4 8. Coral, t Salem
Next to White's Restaurant
Conscientious, Dignified
; - Service , -
The SLUE Bl
rd cafe
Salem's Most Beautiful Down Town Restaurant
FOR YOUR SUNDAY DINING PLEASURE
Grilled Salmon Steak Roast Loin of Pork
Baked Swiss Steak Roast Young Turkey
Swift Premium Fried Spring Chicken
Open from 8:00 A.M. til 8:30 P.M.
MARIE SCHNEIDER, Prop, and Mgr.
524 State Phone J-5971
1C2H I. Commercial
Tee walking
store
"NeTf paint si
ft7J
0
fc9
hi
CHOP
'II
II-
Some tay "pretty cold outside"
Tou better "Button up your over
coat" and come down . to my place
get nice hot Chlneae Food be good
for your health.' You nke. I am
sure, the way wo are preparing our
Chinee food, many people fat our
dining room aay. "best la country
so you win like too. We also have
GHADX "AT CARD from man who
go over everything with spy glaca
and try- to find -something wrong
but he can not find anything bad
la my place so he give me card and
ay "you okay, like anything."
7ou come up visit my kitchen you
tod outwhy we are first clan.
yours tdnoere.
How!
- --- Bt "fX- a
MORE
EXCITING
THAN
WHISPERING
ii SMITH"!
PtrKKMOt
qiure mil.! eTXccicd area are oe-
ing evacuated under military or
ders ana army units are bombard
ing threatening snow masses with
mortars In efforts to minimize
their destructivenesft.
in several cases, avalanches
have crashed Intoithe hearts of
..11 . ..... 1 -1. ! 1 . . .
wages, uaiiexung - moEi oi we
buildings. Three such slides hit the
winter resort of Andermatt, where
at least five' persons were known
dead or missing. ;
At many places, the inhabitants
were -surprised by avalanches
where none had ever been known
before. 1
A
Mat Daily From 1 P. M.
NOW SHOWING!
ACTION CO-HIT!
Bill Williams
Gloria Henry
"Rookie Fireman"
mm
Cont. From 1 P.M. e
NOW
to Mr t
KELLY GARLAND
Kdur km
mOTT-ALLYSCN
i iT 1 n i .
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c ky Technicolor
Mario Lanza
Kathryn Grayson in
"The Toast of
New Orleans"
QBUfDEEl
STARTS TODAY CONT. 1:45
Double Comedy Program
Quen of the Rose Bowl fcraV
Diana LYNN - Cbaries
Cfcrlittt EREUD Barkara LAWRENCE
tt Onrfo IraU bet lint km Um
CO-FEATURE
"CHAMPAGNE FOR CAESAR"
Ronald Colman, Celeste Holm
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