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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 14, 1951)
Farm, Union Groups Ask Legislature for Reapportion Action By Lester F. Cour Staff Writer, The Statesman Organized labor, the Grange, Farmers union and the Railroad Brotherhood called Saturday on the state legislature to reapportion the legislature as provided in the constitution. - Asking for reapportionment action this session were Elmer Mc Cure, master of the Oregon State Grange; Ronald E. Jones, president of the Oregon Farmers union; J. T. Marr, executive secretary of the EH7 fLRSCODSI How does it fare with the Rus sian people? Are they satisfied with their lot in life? Harry Sch wartz, professor of economics at Syracuse university after study ing what data he can, comes to these conclusions: "that they are tired; that they are increasingly cynical and disillusioned, and that they are weary ol ana apprenen sive about war." They have lived through tumultuous decades of war, revolution, collectivization, of five year plans which never quite pay ofl in real abundance of con sumer goods. Though their gov ernment reiterates pleas for peace, the burden of a huge military es tablishment rests on them. Premiums and incentives offer ed for increasing worker produc tion reveal the lag between goals and daily attainment, and the pun ishment applied to tardy workers shows the pressure the industrial machine is under. Schwartz says that despite the improvement in standard of living to the highest level since 1940 "large groups of Soviet citizens are disillusioned." The isolationist policy grieves sci entists, writers and artists who had hoped for free communication with the west. The Russian people are impotent against their government, but there exist areas of disaffec tion, in Schwartz' opinion. We dare not build too much hope on such necessarily tentative con clusions. We had thought China was war-weary, but it was ready and able to throw large armies into Korea. Under dictatorships people do what they are told to do, soldiers to fight, workers to pro duce. Then Russians have a great yearning for the soil of Holy Rus sia, and have always risen to (Continued on Editorial Page, 4) Russ Oppose U.N.-Backed 'Cease-Fire' LAKE SUCCESS, Jan. 13-()-The United Nations political com mittee overwhelmingly approved today a five-point plan for an im mediate cease-fire in Korea and a far eastern conference attended by red China. Russia voted against it and high diplomats said this foreshadowed rejection by com munist China. The vote was 50 to 7. It came unexpectedly after a committee session marked by cries of "ap peasement," "blackmail" and "sell Out" against the new proposal. The cease-fire appeal is the fifth mes sage on the issue of ending the fighting to be sent communist China since the red masses surged into North Korea last November. All other messages were rejected or ignored. Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Jacob A. Malik said he voted against the principles because the people of North Korea and the Peiping regime were not repre sented in talks forming the prin ciples. This was expected here to be the line of the Peiping answer. The United States voted for the principles and was represented as feeling that a week is long enough to wait for an answer. If it is re jected or no answer is received in that time, it was said, the Ameri cans and others are ready to push forward a resolution to brand com munist China as the aggressor in Korea. Lobbyists to Get Cushioned Chairs Oak chairs along with cushions and tables will be available for lobbyists attending the legisla ture here Monday or Tuesday, Secretary of State Earl T. Newbry announced Saturday. Iron chairs, used by the lobby ists at several past legislative sessions, are to be discarded for the new equipment. Lobbyists complained that the iron chairs were too hard. A resolution was approved at the 1949 legislature directing the secretary of state to provide the new facilities. " "ilfj: Max. Ida. Pred. 42 .41 43 J3 n m SO tract f aleai Raia rnnrlim sa Chicaro 3( , new i or , i 30 jOQ FOMCAST fran IT S k... reao. McNary field. Salem): Cloudy ad tonight. Cooler today with hifb' I IUn rxgCTPTTATION tlMC. Start ef Wtttacr Tear Sept. 1 Tb Year Last Year Normal Oregon btate Industrial Union council, and William 0. Hefner, chairman of the Railroad Brother hood's legislative league. The request was made in letters mailed to each of Oregon's 90 legislators. Seeking: Compliance "Since the time has come again when the constitution of the state d'rects the legislature to make a reapportionment, the citizens of the state are looking forward to compliance this session," the let ter stated. "It is clear that no other plan would be legal and that legislative i compliance with constitutional re quirement will be, therefore, a matter of course." Under the constitution, the legis lature is supposed to reapportion the legislature after each federal census. No reapportionment has been made for 40 years. I"" last November's general election, voters rejected a "balanced reap portionment" plan backed by the Oregon Farm Bureau federation. T Return Monday j Orc-n's lawmakers will return: t. their desks Monday, faced with a host of other problems ere - ted i by a number of controversial bills tossed in the legislative mill dur- ' ing a busy opening week. j During the first week 83 bills j v -e introduced -or about 10 erj cent of the totai expected during the entire session. Some of them contained recommendations made by Gov. Douglas McKay in his in augural address, some controver sial issues such as proposed sales of oleomargarine, but none pro vided the solution for Oregon's financial woes. The retail sales tax proposal dropped in the house by Rep. Earl Hill of Cushman and Sen. Rex Ellis of Pendleton is branded as an attempt to "sell" the tax to Oregon voters by tying it to school support, the veterans bonus and old age pensions. How far the sales tax would go with the voters if approved by the legislature is u-certain. Voters have already rejected the idea six times, but may give it kinder treatment if they t' ' k the levy woulr1 help schools, veterans and pensioners, some legislators be lieve. Tax Estimated The sales tax would raise about $30,000,000 a year which would more than take care of the predict ed $50,000,000 budget deficit dur ing the next two years. The house tax committee held its first meeting Thursday and re viewed briefly the recommenda tions made by the 1949 legislative tax study interim committee. The study made a number of suggestions to help solve the state's money troubles, including levying a 2 per cent tax on the gross in comes of Oregon businesses. This would raise about $25,000,000 every two years, but the commit te hasn't figured out a way to ie and collect the tax. A joint meeting of the ways and means committee and tax commit tee of the senate and house has been called for Tuesday afternoon when the state's over-all financial picture will be reviewed. Sen. Dean Walker, Independ ence, chairman of the senate tax committee, said he hopes the sev eral groups will arrive at some agreement which woulft expedite drafting of tax measures and speed up formulation of appropriation bills. Appropriation bills did not reach the house or senate floors until the final week of the 1949 session. The joint ways and means com mittee announced Friday that Carl Cover, Deputy State Treasurer Fred Paulus and William Col'ier, tax commission researchers, will head the group's finance sub-conw mi .. Cover is chief clerk of the joint ways and means committee. Both the house and senate will meet at 11 a.m. Monday. (Additional legislature news on Page 3) LABOR SUPPLY TIGHTENS WASHINGTON, Jan. 13 -(JP)-Secretary of Labor Tobin said to day that a supply of 152 metro politan centers showed tightening of the labor supply but no signifi cant delays in defense production because of lack of manpower. Statesman -KSLM Spelling Contest Starting Tomorrow The Oregon Statesman -KSLM 1951 Spelling Contest will get underway formally -tomorrow! Special practice in several schools (the event is open to every institution in Marion and Polk counties with 7th or 8th grades) already has been start ed. But tomorrow The States man will begin publication of 1200 words, 20 each day, which will form the basis for the con test. Winners in at least 105 indi vidual schools will be chosen prior to March 15 in any man ner the schools select. Then, in 14 division contests for the 105 winners, much of the word list as published will be used in spelldowns. And -a. supplemen tary list also will b prepared. Certificates f merit will go to the top three spellers in each school. Winners of the division contests will receive Yfebsters 100th YEAB 2 SECTIONS 34 PAGES TiraD m&m to U.S. Heads for Mass Evacuation In Korea, Correspondent States Situation Said Clouded by Censorship (Editor's Note: Don Whitehead, world famous Associated Press war correspondent, has Just returned from the frozen, wavering front lines of Korea. A hard-hltUng but equally sensitive reporter. Whitehead writes his own personal opinion and Impressions of the fight of the U. N. forces to stay in Korea. He is not optimistic as the article reveals). By Don Whitehead NEW YORK, Jan. 13-(;P)-American troops and their Unit ited Nations allies are heading toward a mass evacuation from the Korean cockpit of war. Overwhelming numbers of Chinese and North Korean red troops are driving them into the southeast corner of the pen insula. And the bleak, bloody story of Korea is approaching an end. These are the hard facts of a situation now clouded in censorship. Many military men in Korea and most war correspondents who have followed the army for the past five months look upon an evacuation as inevitable. It is surprising to one just returned from Korea to find a great debate in Washington over whether we should or should not stay in Korea. The defense department says no policy has been changed and that the army intends to stay. This debate is academic The only question is whether we can hang on even if we want to. It is as tragically simple as that. The communists outnumber the United Nations forces pos sibly up to five to one. Reds in Position to Increase Odds And the reds are in a position to increase these odds against the Eighth army almost at will with millions of manpower in Manchuria and in China. The Chinese have made it abundantly clear since they en tered the Korean conflict that they intend to drive the U.N. forces out of Korea. One American officer said to me recently: "Now it's a ques tion of saving face or saving our hides and we'd better save our hides. We'll need 'em in the future against these people." He meant the military necessity of saving the United Nations army from destruction far outweighed the political considerations involved. Some officers army, navy and air force believe the U.N. forces can pull back into a tight perimeter around Pusan and hold out indefinitely. They reason the allies could lay down such a curtain of naval, artillery and aerial bombardment that it would be impossible for the reds to drive us from the beachhead. They point to the Anzio beachhead which the allies held against waves of German attacks to back up their argument. Korea Not Place for Anti-Red Stand But other military men and I am sure they are in the ma jority reason this way: Korea is not the place for the United States and her allies to make a major war effort against communism. Even if we could hold a beachhead, which is doubtful, then the allies merely would be trading manpower with the reds pouring more troops into a fight already lost. "We could kill seven, eight or ten to one and still not come out ahead," one officer said. "We just can't fight these peopble on a manpower basis because there are too many of them." Another officer said: "We've got to remember this army is the only one we've got and it knows how to fight the reds. We've learned the hard way. But we've learned some valuable lessons. And this army must be the core of the new army we are going to build. We can't afford to lose it." Reds Move in Mountains As U.N. Holds Vital Road By Robert Eunson TOKYO, Sunday, Jan. 14 -iff)- United Nations troops today clung gTimly to the road-controlling Wonju salient in central Korea. But flanking reds battled deep into the Sobaek mountains to within 65 miles of the old Pusan beachhead. A series of attacks by 8,000 to 10,000 Korean reds failed to budge the U. S. second division from its bullet-shaped perimeter that points Pacific U. to Offer Frosh Classes to Hi School Juniors FOREST GROVE, Jan. 13-)-Because many parents want their sons to have some college training before entering military service, Pacific university here will offer special freshman courses to high school juniors this summer. Dr. D. D. DarlandT dean of stu dents, said the training would be available only to a limited number. Admission will be on the basis of high school records and special tests. Collegiate dictionaries, with added certificates going to second- and third-place winners, and the 14 top-placers will com pete in the finals in Salem when $100, $50 and $25 war bonds will go to the top three. The participating students will be from 10 parochial schools and all public schools with 7th or 8th grades except the Independence - Monmouth district which declined its in vitation. Students in the finals, with their teachers, will be guests of the sponsors at a pre-contest dinner in Salem, probably the night of April 20. There is no fee of any kind. Purpose of the contest is solely to promote in terest and excellence In spell ing. It is a community service, , co-sponsored by ' Tw COMPLETE Newspaper northward deep into Red-held ter ritory. A U.S. Eighth army communi que said the enemy this morning was "either out of contact or con tained" along the entire Korean front. U.N. troops, the communique said, were ranging farther north at certain points than at any time since soon after the evacuation of Seoul. It did not elaborate. Allied troops withdrew during the night from one strategic hiU (possibly 247) which they recap tured Saturday just south of Won ju. With the Second division's Am erican, French and Dutch fighters holding fast two miles south of the transport hub of Wonju, the Reds increased their movement south ward over the snow-choked moun tains on the allied east flank. A spearheading column of 2,000 communists filtered through the frigid wilderness to a point four miles east of Tanyang the deep est penetration of U.N. lines since the Red counteroffensive carried across the 38th parallel two weeks ago today. This column was 75 air miles south of the parallel and about 65 miles north of Waegwan, pivot of the old Pusan perimeter which U. N. forces held in early days of the war. The Americans, supported by French and Dutch battalions, seiz ed hill 247, about a mile and a half south of Wonju, at dusk Saturday for the second time in two days. This counterattack came after they had hurled back five wild North Korean "banzai' type assaults on that front Saturday morning. COLONEL FLANS TALKS TOKYO, Sunday, Jan. lMfl5) CoL M. P. Echols, General Mac Arthur's public information offi cer, said he would leave today or tomorrow for conferences in Washington. POUNDS D 1651 The Orecjon Statesman, Salem, fr 9 r cwrT - ' J -iT-m - n i mi -TV- C .lt.fu Flinmc Rrillinrr J- Cutler March of Dimes labor division chairman, adds his Claris lIIIieS5 lXOlllII contrlbutlon to the Dim coin collecWr on the belt of Dorothy Kraus, Senator hotel coffee shop waitress. Lookinr on is James E. Keys. Marion county director of the fund campaim which opens Monday. Waitresses all over Marion county will wear similar con tainers. The Polio drive campaign will end January 31. Dimes Drive Aims to Erase County Deficit The 1951 March of Dimes will open Monday in Marion county and its aim is to overcome a seri ous deficit facing the Marion county chapter of the National Foundation for Infantile Paraly sis. James E. Keys, county director, said the drive activities will cen ter around mailing of coin col lectors to citizens, solicitation of business and professional men and a "Mothers March on Polio" a general solicitation. Keys said the Marion county po lio chapter is facing 1951 with in sufficient funds to properly care for the 48 cases of polio now being treated in Marion county. The chapter last year expended $16, 778 and increased an already ex isting deficit. About 25,000 letters have been mailed to county residents ask ing for donations. Schools have packets with cards for each child. Lester Cour is in charge of a sports benefit program. A public dance to benefit the drive will be sponsored by the Fraternal Order of Eagles, Wil lamette Aerie 2081, at the Eagles hall January 27. Charles Gruver and Mrs. Ed R. Gregson are co chairmen. The "Mothers March" will be held January 31, last day of the drive, from 7 to 8 p.m. It will cover each block in Marion coun ty. Women will call on each house where the porchlight is left on. State employes in the capitol area will be canvassed again this year. FAIR ASSOCIATION MEET PORTLAND, Jan. 13 -()- The Oregon Fairs association will open a three-day meeting here Thurs day. Gov. Douglas McKay will speak at a Saturday luncheon. Thousands of Aged Souvenirs From White House Put on Sale WASHINGTON, Jan. 13 -IJF)-Thousands of historical souvenirs some possibly 150 years old rave been salvaged from repair operations on the White House and will be sold to the public, the re novation commission announced today. Prices will range from 25 cents to $100. The mementos include .old bricks, some still charred from fire when the British burned the mansion in the war of 1812; bits of metal, wood and stone, hand made nails and hand-split laths. However, everything taken out of the interior and foundation of the home will not be sold. Anyone desiring an old presidential bath tub will have to settle for some thiEg else. Such appliances are to be reused in , other government buildings. Persons . applying for the me mentos must certify they will not resell then-. They must also pay postage or freight. There will be no profit for the government since all money received will go for ad ministration, packing and other costs. The commission said that such items as pieces of old lath, stone- atonal Oregon, Sunday, January It, 1951 Peir Letters, Wires Protest Plan to Drop Draft Age By Edwin B. Haakinson WASHINGTON. Jan. 13-4 ;p-Angry telegrams and letters pound ed congress today from parents protesting the administration request to draft 18 year olds for 27 months military service. "It started as a trickle in the middle of last week,' one senator, who asked that his name not be used, told a reporter. "The protests have been increasing with every mail." Times Dispatch Asserts Mao Willing to Talk NEW YORK, Jan. 13-UP)-A New York Times special dispatch from New Delhi reported tonight that the Indian government had received advices that Mao Tze Tung, head of the Chinese com munist government, is willing to consider the United Nations cease fire plan as a basis for further ne gotiations. The report said the advices from Peiping received through diplo matic channels indicated Mao is willing to consider the U. N. pro posal "as a basis for further ne gotiation toward a solution of Far Eastern problems" but with one important reservation: "This was that the timetable laid out by the (U. N.) committee, which envisages a cease-fire as the first step, should be revised so that the fighting in Korea and other questions would be taken up together." The Times dispatch said offi cial quarters in New -Delhi were encouraged by these reports of Peiping reaction, but observers were inclined to consider the res ervation on the timetable as indi cating little difference in Peiping's attitude now and its earlier de mands which resulted in jetisoning previous cease fire attempts. and metal will sell for 25 cents, paid in advance. A brick, of which there are about 200,000. can be purchased for $1. The top limit of $100 per pur chase will buy enough brick fo. perhaps 60 cents a brick to face an ordinary fireplace. Each item will be accompanied by a metal tag showing it is genuine material removed from the White House. Each recipient will be allowed only one article, with a lot of brick counting as one item. Some items .will be set up in a small "kit" from which the buyer can if he chooses make attractive assemblies. For example, two pieces of old pine could be made into a gaveL An old square nail and a piece of stone could be mounted on wood or encased in plastic to make a paper weight. Several pieces of wood could be made into a cane. Applications will be handled by members of congress or directly received by the "commission on renovation of the executive man sion, Fort Myer, Va." The com mission , requested that applica tions not be sent to the White House. PRICE 10c mt Tax Most ol them result from tnree days of testimony by Mrs. Anna M. Rosenberg, assistant secretary of defense, before the senate prepar edness subcommittee. Truman Backs Plan She and Secretary of Defense Marshall said that President Tru man supported their plan for low ering the present minimum induc tion age of 19 to 18 and lengthen ing required service from 21 to 27 months. They offered it as a permanent plan, both for meeting the emer gency increases in the armed serv ices and maintaining a trained re serve in the future. Defense officials said they have few alternatives for obtaining the men needed to build the armed services up to the 3,462,205 goal, by June 30, approved by President Truman yesterday. This apparent ly means an increase of around a million. Now-Deferred Men Unless the army, air force, navy and marines can draft the 18 year olds, Mrs. Rosenberg said they must induct thousands of now deferred husbands, fathers, col lege students, farmers, industrial workers and some veterans now in the manpower pool of men 19 through 25. Senate Majority Leader McFar land (D-Ariz) said he had re ceived "quite a few protests" against drafting 18 year olds. He told a reporter there already was some talk about two possible compromises: first, allowing a draft of youths of 18 but prohibit ing combat or overseas duty until they are 19, or second, lowering the present induction limit to 18 years and six months. Not Large Army Senate republican leader Wherry of Nebraska said he is confident that the United States can fill its military manpower needs "by em phasis on sea and air strength, without so large an army that it requires drafting of 18 year olds, stripping essential men from our farms, breaking up homes by tak ing married men with children, and possibly recalling World War II veterans. benator cam (K-wash), a re serve officer and veteran of World war li, reported an increasing volume of protests. Young men are the ones who can best adapt themselves to the rigors of war," Cain is replying to such letters. "They are most easily trained in the difficult task of battle and are most able to take care of themselves in combat. "Our pool of manpower is lim ited both by the fact that our war industry needs millions of skilled workers and that millions of men in their twenties have already been called upon to serve in war. "Wouldn't it be unfair to call them a second time without at tempting to meet our draft re quirements elsewhere ? " Military officials win resume testimony for the new proposal Monday. . TAX EXPERTS TO TOTJR PORTLAND, Jan. A crew of income tax .experts will tour the state between January 23 and March 15 to aid puzzled tax payers in computing their 1950 in come tax returns, Hugh H. Earle, Oregon's collector of internal re venue, said today. ji)!) im I MM T9 IM VftWIl Of VTfyMsl No. 234 rui Biggest In U.S. History WASHINGTON, Jan. 13 -JPy-Capitol hill heard today that Pres ident Truman will ask for the big gest tax boost in history at e; st $16,000,000,000 which, if con gress approves, might mean a 30 per cent or more general increase in the present tax load. Moreover, the cost of arming against communist aggression may add 5,000,000 or more persons to the federal tax rolls, bringing the total number of taxpayers to around 60,000,000. Mr. Truman will outline, in his budget message to congress on Monday, just what he expects the defense program to cost in the fiscal year beginning July 1. He will ask for a tax program to pvrt this program on a pay-as-you-go basis that, he said, will tax until "it hurts." President Truman, Secretary of the Treasury Snyder and Budget Director Frederick J. Lawton re viewed the budget with about 100 Washington reporters today at the state department auditorium. Details Unknown What the president said at the session will not be made known until the budget message itself is released on Monday. Similar ex planatory sessions are held every year when the budget is ready for introduction in congress. Advance speculation has beea that the budget will call for ex penditures of $70,000,000,000 or more. That would be $16,000,000, 000 or more above what present tax laws including the post-Ko rea $8,000,000,000 increase are expected to yield in revenues in fiscal 1952. The president so far has not stated publicly exactly how much; additional taxes he would ask. In his economic message to congress yesterday he merely said that the new boost should be "very much more" than the $8,000,000,000 in crease already voted. Twice That Much' Chairman Doughton (D-NC) of the house ways and means com mittee commented cryptically to newsmen that "twice that much would be very much greater, wouldn't it?" This appeared to lend strength to the reports that the president would ask about 16,000,000,000. Generally, members of congress agreed that taxes must be raised again, but comments were flavor ed with a note of concern. Doughton said "we will do th best we can, without strangling or suffocating our economy." Chair man George (D-Ga.) of the sen ate finance committee took vir tually the same Btand. Some members previously voic ed doubts that $16,000,000,000 more a year can be raised on top of the new record 550,000,000,000- plus expected to be obtained under existing tax law. The dollar size of the tax load now is far ahead of the World War II record of $43,900,000,000 collected in 1945. Police Officer Given Tip by Irate Woman An woman driver, indignant because of an arrest by Salem police for a traffic violation, will find out where the tip she left the officer will go. The woman, who lives outside the city limits, was required to come to the police station follow ing her arrest for violating the basic rule. Unhappy over the in convenience and the fact that mbm had to post $10 bail, the woman slapped an extra dollar on the desk and told the arresting offi cer "Here's one for you, too." In the mail Saturday was a letter from the chief of police to the woman informing her that the dollar was being added to the city's fund to aid juveniles. Air Raid Whistle Test Scheduled in Salem Thursday An air raid whistle test wfll be held in Salem ThnrsdaT morning at 10t 'clock by the Marion county civilian defence authority. A twe-minnte blast win eeaae from the steam whistle at the state heating plant at Senth Iztk and Ferry streets. Spotters WtH L be located eaiside the city a im TUDerauosis espnai, 12th street - Pacific highway junction. Klngwood Heights aa4 ther areas to report oat effeo tivenesa ef the whistle. f - First in a aeries of weekly tat formation radio broadcasts est dtrillan defense will begin over KSLM tonight at t3t o'clock. Tonight's broadcast will feature CoL Mark Hillary, county de fense director, and Sebert Ftnhc, infermatton depntr.