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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (June 27, 1950)
fa:Ctat?Solek;.Cgoi f neadgfy Juna'27, tl850 it. . ? MoWTakis Than People In Beirut FINISHING SCHOOL IS EXPENSIVE America Must Save Korea Or Lose Face By J. M. tfitberts, Jr. AP Foreign Affairs Analyiat American policy regarding de velopments in Korea apparently will depend heavily on what ! "No Favor Sways Us, No Fear Shall Awe From First Statesman. March ZS, 1S31 . THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY . CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher . Published every morning. Business office 215 S. ConunerclaL Salem Oregon. Telephone t-2441. Cntered at tho postofrlce at Salem, Oregon, as second ciaas matter under net of congress March S, 1871 U.S.-Korean Treaty, 1882 The American decision this week to stand by the South Koreans in their fight for independ ence is one time in the 70-year history of U.S. Korean relations that the United States has shown more than a token interest in, guaran teeing Korean integrity. American friendship for Korea was first af firmed in 1882 when President Arthur signed ' a treaty; of commerce with "the Hermit Na tion," promising to "use our good offices" if any country oppressed Korea. At that time, as through most of her 4,200-year ' history, Korea belonged to China. Occasionally, dur- Jng those centuries, Japan attempted to take Korea and sometimes they did. In the Sino-Japanese war of 1894-95 Japan yon' Korea as a sphere of influence and in 1910.' President Theodore Roosevelt acquiesced to , Japan's annexation of Korea, then called Chosen. ; r- : - After World War I, on March 1, 1919, Koreans declared their independence in a national up rising which was ruthlessly put down by the Japanese. Once again the UA did not feel obligated to use its good offices to halt oppres sion in Korea. i At the Cairo conference during World War n, Chiang Kai-shek of China proposed that Korea be granted independence. Franklin Roosevelt and Churchill agreed that "in due course Korea lhall be free and independent." But there was Yalta and at Yalta there were concessions to Russia. As a result, Korea was divided arbi trarily at the 38th parallel and was occupied by the Russians in the' north and the Americans In the south. 1 The U.S.-U.S.S.R. Joint Commission on Korea held 61' meetings, threw up its hands at the Impasses and finally turned the whole Korean Eroblem over to the , United Nations. Under fiN. auspices elections were held in the south ern zone and the present Korean government under Rhee was set up.f The Russians refused to recognize this government and set up their own communist puppet regime before they grithdrew Soviet troops. The U.S. gave eco nomic assistance and advice to the Seoul gov ernment, helped train the southern police-army, and. also withdrew our troops. But we have continued giving economic aid and moral sup port to the southern Koreans. Thus South Korea has come to be considered a protectorate of the U.S. just as North Korea is considered a satellite Of Moscow. Now, by sending planes and munitions into the Korean war and by appealing to the United Nations for action, the United States is at least using its good offices as 'well as its good right hand to protect Korea from oppression just as we promised in 1882. Ohh to Water Policy Commission . One rule that rarely, is violated is this: Poli ticians take care of their own. For example, scarce are the new dealers who are not on the government payroll, unless they departed vol untarily. If one alphabetical agency was be headed by congress 1 another one sprouted in Its place, or maybe two or three. And behold, the employes of the defunct agency are on the payroll of the new. Maybe they changed of fices, or perhaps they merely changed the gilt lettering on the office door. They are agile as monkeys leaping from tree to tree, and keep ing off the ground. Take the case of Inland Olds who failed of eonfirmation for reappointment to the federal power commission. Was he S5E3 Reports of New Weapons Development Said Greatly Overestimated; Production Still Low By Joseph and Stewart Alsep WASHINGTON, June 26 The "newr weapons" propaganda Is reaching sinister proportions. Someone had - "-- & better set down '-3y j the honest facts . before everyone ' f ' ' , '1 becomes dream- . ' lly deluded that the Western world can be ; cheaply defend ed with a few i Buck Rogers i model atomic disintegrators. 1. . j. ii e tuxreiu ... . propagan- WRSP!ya?!a da started, in the first place, be cause of the ground forces Jeal ousy of the publicity , accorded weapons-of-the-future of the rival navy and air force. The Jealousy led, by the squalid, familiar-route, to the usual cal culated leak about ground force achievements in the new weap ons field. Perhaps the best com ment is the reported remark of the president, when he forbade Official publication of the ground force claims. 1 - VWhy the , hell," said Truman, "deal these guys pipe down?" 1 In the second place, the claims skw being made are grossly mis leading. One group of the alleg ed "new weapsons" is actually composed of old weapons, like the recoil-less gun; the shaped charge, the proximity fuse and the non-magnetic land mine, which every Informed student of I defense problems has known I about for years. Another group of these "new. weapons'' cora i prises weapons like the nuclear 1 weapons for infantry and all the different varieties of guided mis sile, which will not be ready for use in combat for a long time to ; come. ' l, -v i - - "jvvv Thus' the "new weapons" pro paganda Is creating the illusion of a revolution in tactics and etratgy. when no such revolu tion has as yet occurred. This is , 'I IhL. wolves and forced to earn his living in private employment? Not' at all. We learn he is sec-; retary of the presidents water resources policy commission. This is a very important body, for it Is supposed to develop a national policy with respect to control and use of water. Olds was a suspect on the power commission, but he certainly is in a potentially key spot on the water policy commission. However the office may be just a meal-ticket job. At any rate Olds is cared for. This commission made a trip through the northwest last week. It held a closed meeting in Seattle but none in Oregon, going on to San Francisco. One question that has been refer red to the commission is whether interest from federal power projects shall be returned to, the treasury or be spent to subsidize reclama tion projects. This commission should be al lowed to make its report before any signifiraril legislation is passed respecting handling of water resource enterprises. Baseball Defense Need It is a theory of warfare that each new of fensive weapon quickly is followed by a counter-weapon for defense. The rule seems to have run out on the atomic bomb, but new weapons are being devised to prevent delivery of the bomb. I Something similar has hit major league base ball. In the old battle between pitcher and batter the latter seems to be getting the best of it. The batting eye is coming to excel the pitching arm. In four days with 37 games in major leagues 111 home runs were batted out, 30 in one day, to break the record. The scores run frequently into the 'teens. There is no way automatically to improve pitching, but there is a way to cut down the chance for a home run put less bounce in the ball. If the home run orgy continues, and pitchers become as expendable as football play ers through substitutions maybe the baseball bosses will start tampering with the ball. ; Just five years ago Sunday, June 25, ' the United Nations Charter was signed amid great good fellowship and high hopes in San Fran Cisco. "Determined to save succeeding genera tions from the scourge of war," the signatories agreed "to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbors . . . and to insure;. . . that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest ..." Yes, Russia signed the promise, too! The new federal law permitting sale of col ored margarine without special tax goes into effect July 1st. It will have no effect in'.Ore- gon and 13 other the sale of margarine, a numoer ox tne states which do permit the sale of colored oleo still impose special taxes. The prospect is that the battleground now will be shifted to legislatures in states which retain discriminatory legislation against margarine. Progress in utilization of waste wood mater ials is reported. The wartime wood alcohol plant at Springfield has been brought into pro duction of wood molasses or sugar, usable' for stock feed from ' sawdust. At Dee in Hood River county a mill will be constructed to make hard board out of lumbermill waste. Wood research is paying off. I thrown to the bad enough. It is still worse, however, that this propaganda also masks one of the major scandals of the American defense effort, which is the slowness of new weapons research and de velopment by all three services. In his admirable book, Dr. Vannevar Bush bitterly hinted at this scandal. The Army Ord nance,' for example, long neglect l ed the adaptation to anti-tank V4 fh'M "UU shaped charge, both of which ex isted at the end of the second wax. If this adaptation has now at last been made, as claimed, it has been made late. Because of the delay, the new anti-tank weapons are not yet sufficiently perfected. Hence, large-scale orders cannot be placed within a reasonable time, unless research and development are greatly stepped up. , In the case of the real novel ties, like guided missiles, the pic ture is immeasurably worse. Only about $100,000,000 a year is cur rently being invested in all the different guided missile projects of the three services. No field of i research and development is more ! vast, more complex, or more expensive. Hence progress has been so slow that the first experimental mass firing of the first true, supersonic guided mis sile will not occur for at least five ! years. Nor will this delay be overcome by the botching that the services are now indulging In. such as the substitution of sub-sonic turbo-prop power plants in missiles needing super sonic speed for full effectiveness. In short, the facta about the new weapons are far from jus tifying us in putting off the great intensification of defense effort demanded by the world situation. On the contrary, only a great in tensification of the defense effort will provide us with these new .weapons at the time when we are going to need mem, which the Atlantic foreign ministers at states becauso theyprottibit4 London officially defined as 1953-54. In the third place, even If the new weapons are available be fore the time of danger, it is childish nonsense to suppose that the need for armies, navies and air forces will magically vanish. It is supposed to be a "misunder- standing" to suggest for exam e le, that Western Europe cannot defended against the red army with less than thirty to for ty powerful modern divisions. But in fact, the American, British and French planners have only been able to make this low estimate of the European ground force requirement precisely be cause they assumed the new Eur opean army would be equipped with the new ground force weap ons now in prospect And If re cruiting, organizing and training the new European army is de layed until after the new weap ons are ready in quantity, Europe will still lack a ground defense when the time of danger begins. Equally, air tactics and strat egy will be altered, perhaps very drastically, by the perfection of the guided missiles. But it will still be essential to have a power ful tactical air force. And -ft is downright criminal to babble about the guided-missiles-of-the-future, while we do nothing to build up the tactical air strength that is needed now and can be built up now. . -; J I ;, Such illustrations might be multiplied indefinitely. They all make one point The time for self-delusion is over. The time for effort is at hand. And if we let ourselves be lulled out of making this effort by the hope that some day, somehow, new weapons are going to solve all our defense problems and make everyone invulnerable at low cost, we shall be Inviting the des truction which our folly will de serve. f Copyright. 1990. Mew Yrk Bmrmii Tribua tncj By Henry McLemore BEIRUT, Lebanon, June 26 -' I doubt If anywhere in the world a drive of only sixty miles sepa rates two dues as different as Damascus and Beirut Damascus is swathed in an tiquity. Is or iental and Mos lem. -I'-::. Beirut is as modern as many European cities and is ore dominantlv Christian. Few cities have a more beautiful natural setting than this capital of Lebanon. It is built! around a crescent of the j Mediterranean with snow capped mountains forming a backdrop. Within an hour's drive of the bathing beaches of Beirut a winter sport fan can find good skiing,: even In the summer months. The Lebanese believe that the original Garden of Eden was in their country, and they may i. have something there. Certainly few , countries can boast such fruits. All of them are outsize and as sweet as sugar, and the Lebanese must consume more fruit per capita than any other people on earth. They eat fruit - morning, noon and night, and In the villages fruit is the staple diet. The Lebanese are very proud of; being up-to-date and modern and the new Republic must have as wide-awake and humming a Chamber of Commerce as Is to be found anywhere. When you enter the country you are pre sented with a luridly illustrated brochure extolling the country's beauties, and while the language of the pamphlet is a bit confus ing, the visitor can hardly miss the point. to quote you a few sentences from the C. of C.'s lit erary outburst: ' "Isn't Lebanon like a huge ocean liner moored to the Med iterranean? Fancy your sum mer vacation as a cruise, with all its benefit and charm; rest and relaxation, climbing and games on deck, social meetings, color ful sights and seaports . . . ' rresh, vitamin-packed food will be a source of youth and dynamism for every cell in your being. All dreams come true . . . as in fairy tales ... in detail even to the finest shades of the subtlest whim . . . coolness, color, comfort . . . "A p pi e s and invigorating waters of celebrated springs . . . Delightful walks will lead you to Spring of Milk, Spring of Honey, Spring of Iron. Every thing to restore the most deli cate health. In passing, pluck a rose at Sfarey! . . ." The Lebanese are very friend ly people, .particularly toward Americans xnis is not usually the case in this section of the world, it being generally believed that Uncle Sam has ulterior mo tives back of his open-handed-ness. Beirut is delightfully in expensive according to Ameri can standards. The St George is a very fine hotel, located right on the Mediterranean, with its own bathing beach, canoes, aquaplanes, and speedboats; yet two people can have a lovely room and three superb meals a day for around twelve dollars. Try to find a bargain like that In New York, Washington, Chi cago, Los Angeles, or almost any other American citv. I don't know the exact popula tion of Beirut but I am willing to bet that there aren't as many people as there are taxicabs. Every other car and there are thousands of them, mostly new Detroit models is a taxicab. The rates are reasonable, too. You can get one to drive you to Damascus for less than ten dol lars. The! candies and pastries of Beirut are celebrated throughout the Middle East Supposed to be the best in the world, and every third shop Is a sweet shop. No place for reducing, Beirut The people of Beirut like cof fee houses in the daytime and ajsssSMS GRIN AND BEAR IT "Kegartfkss at wertt financial 4eUar ... sad I shall see that fall 2 Safety Valve Would Reinstate Demoted Firemen To the Editor: Several days ago when Chief W. P. Roble of the fire depart ment said he wanted to resign and was begged to stay on the job by some of the hlgherups he changed his mind. It reminds one of a big boy who went cry ing to his folks to get permission so he could beat up a couple of little boys. Now already Chief Roble has demoted two old firemen who hold the rank of captain to just plain firemen. One of the men his been with the fire" depart ment for SO years and the other 24 years. Surely these men who have given the best years of their lives to the fire department de serve something more fair than this. If my memory serves me right a couple of years ago two police men got just about the same deal and were reinstated by the civil service board. It seems like the new city manager system is In a way re sponsible for this. The way I understand it the mayor hires the manager and the city man ager hires his pals. The way I think it should be is when a police chief or fire chief passes the age limit then the assistant chief should have his job, not some pal of either the city man ager or the mayor. This would be the only fair way to handle the job and then there would be a lot more co night clubs when the sun goes down. It is said that half of the business is transacted over cups of thick, syrupy Turkish coffee. There must be twenty-five or more night clubs in the town. The main attraction at one of the most popular spots is an act billed as "Buck and Chick . . . Sensational Act Representing the Far Western of Americas." (Distributed by McNaught Syndicate, Inc.) by Lichty trends. I stand for the It eontinacs te be wertt Cm center )M f& C are you ) UlV T GOING TO operation. I do not know Fire Chief Roble or the fire captains either but I do hope the civil service board reinstates them. M. Miller 1730 So. Capitol st. Editor's Note The difficulties lie within the fire department and do not involve the city manager. The cases of the de moted firemen will be heard by the civil service board. Better English By D. C. Williams 1. What is wrong with-this sentence? "Everyone is not sav ing their money as they should." 2. What is the correct pronun ciation of "chiropractor"? 3. Which one of these words is misspelled? Indubitable, inac cessable, inalienable, contempt ible. 4. What does the word "exe crated mean? 5. What is a word beginning 3f D Cwnjbw Local Disabled American Veterans chapter discussing plans to ise'l the partially completed DAV building and lot on North Church and Marion streets and to turn proceeds over to the for ter. When sale is made those who origirially made contri butions to the building will get their money back if they want it. Whatever cash remains will then be turned over to the local auditorium association by the civic committee. DAV officials still burning over bad light thrown on local chapter in butldinp; deal flop: Wonder if VFW convention, starting Wednesday, will be as noisy as American Legion's last summer . . . Joe Hopkins, Salem vets housing manager, is strong candidate for post of department jr. vice-commander seat most hotly contested because it eventually leads to commandership . . . carnival will operate (for first time in several years) on North Cottage street back of post office . . . dugout will be just three doors from local bastille on High street in former Mar's restaurant spot . . among nearly- 40 resolutions to be introduced on convention floor will be state bonus measure and another against world government . . . headquarters opened Monday in Senator hotel for auxiliary and VFW. Seems that Miss Oregon contest at Seaside this year toill have to struggle along without a Miss Salem entry . . . no pToup has yet agreed to sponsor a local contest ... Salem Exchange considered but later discarded idea ... besides girls don't have to go clear to Seaside anymore to get in beauty contest they can stay home anoTffet elected queen of something or other . . . Salem Chambir of Commerce to open Wednesday a.m. in neio Senator hotel quarters . . . Manager Clay Cochran hopes some day chamber will have own building. J Writing on this page other day the Alsop brothers were wondering if these boom times will be followed by a bust . . . evidently they did not study closely the economic situation in Hollywood where every boom MUST have a bust. Brone busters, upin the afr good deal of the time any- , way, wiU be off the ground for profit at MolaUa Buckeroo, , next month ... when cowpokes are through bustin' cows, p-ullin leather and throwin' bulls at MolaUa afternoon show they'll saddle a plane and hiphtail it for the night contest at Toppenish (Wash.) Roundup . . . thus they get a chance to fracture their hombres for fame and prize money at two shows in one day ... this oughta help the cowboys corral a heap of ma kin's money but must be sorta hard on the place where they keep their wallets. with or that means "decorative"? ANSWERS 1. Say, "Not everyone Is sav ing his money as he should." 2. Pronounce ki-ro-prak-ter, I as in kite, principal accent on first syllable. 3. Inaccessible. 4. To curse, or call down evil upon. "Who can execrate such mo- tives?" 3. Ornamental. Marriage License Records Falling Eight couples asking for mar riage licenses Monday assured that this month would be at least third highest on record for license ap plications in Marion county. When the office closed last night, with four days to go, last June's, fig ure of 114 had been tied. At the current rate, the license rush would threaten the 132 of June, 1948, and August, 1949, and , approach" the all-time record of . 142 in August, 1948. Salem Memorial Auditorium association. But there are. lots of ifs connected with deal, says Jim Callaway, chapter Officer. First of all, chapter must acquire title to the property which is now in litigation. Officials can't un derstand delay in legal procedure of chapter's suit against DAV branch corporation which sponsored the building program in the first place. If and when title is acquired, says Calla way, then a committee of business men toill be formed to sell property for chan happens in the next 48 hours. S-JE' - yyei If the South Koreans are able to mobil ize their defen ses for a time, help will ar rive. But Korea is not a military objective for which the U. S. would ; conduct a liberation ac tion. If the reds sweep over It as they now threaten, that will be that. The traditional "dagger pointed at the heart of Japan" which now means at America's Pacific defenses will be in the hands of the communists. The United States was quick to realize that the risks of uni lateral action against communist invaders was not worth the can dle. She hurriedly obtained a certificate of legality from the United Nations. The U. N. had sponsored with drawal of American occupation forces and the establishment of the South Korean government. Since the U. S. was prime mover in all this, its obligation Is also very clear. What its ability may be Is not so clear. The United Nations finds itself today in much the same position as the League of Nations when Mussolini invaded Ethiopia. The western , powers were dead against it, put Ethiopia was not a spot over which they could risk a war. They backed and filled, made some half-hearted gestures, and the dictators confirmed the experience of Japan In Manchu ria in 1931 that the democracies would not or could not back their principles with real strength. The Spanish civil war, with its International participa tion, and World War II, followed quickly. If the U. having promised and encouraged but done very little, loses Southern Korea now, the lesson will be taken to heart in every country nowndependent on American support. The situation In Korea is dif ferent from what It was In Chl-a na. The South Koreans really want to fight, and army morale Is high, considering what they have. In China nobody wanted to fight except the communists and a few generals.' - The U. S. assumed responsibil ity for preparing the South Ko rean army, but Imolementation was half-hearted. We supplied fight arms. But an Informed esti mate Is that the South Korean army can keep up consistent fire only for two or three days. That's why ammunition Is being rushed. If seemingly reliable Informa tion reaching me is correct, this Is the result of a deliberate atti tude on the part of U. S. authori ties, instigated by fear that if the South Koreans were too well armed they might Initiate trouble themselves, and based on miscal culation of the initial punching ability of the northerners. The possibilities Inherent In the situation are manjfold. Should the U. S., acting as agent for the U.N, try to stop the fighting by force if, as expected, the cease fire order is ignored? What else can be done? Cer tainly, If the theory of halting aggression in its. first stages is tn h maintained J the U. S. can't take a weak attitude. But the Initiative is largely out of the hands of the democ racies. If they move in with physical aid for South Korea, then they, must be prepared to meet the force of Russia if she chooses to throw it In. Does the West get into a posi tion where Russia can make or refuse the issue at will, or does ' it remain in a position short of direct war risk, but losing Korea? Militarily, Korea Is not worth the price of a major war. Politi cally, the decision has not been made. The effect on the morale of other borderline countries Is still being weighed against the cost f 15 main once arew a nne m Europe, along the German-Polish border. She said she would de fend it, although she could by no means reach it, and a world war begun. Such a line may not be drawn In Korea Just now, and even If it were there are good reasons to believe Russia would not make7' Hitler's miscalculation. But things that are known more in heaven than in earth hang In the balance today. ' M1H.IH ' S Bug Drivers to Receive Safety Awards Tonight Six Gty Transit line bus driv ers will be honored for driving safety records ranging to 12 years at a dinner tonight in the Sena tor hotel. General manager of the lines. Carl Wendt, and Robert Davidson Salem manager will present a sckoll and pin from the National Safety council to Henry Eld for 12-year record, 'Arthur Eld,1 11, Homer Harrison, 10. Riley Robert son, 9, George T. Walker, 8, and Edward Dolan, 6. Mavor TL L Elfstrom. member of the Salem Traffic Safety com mission, and Dave Hoss, cnair man of the Traffic Safety coun cil, will extend-the congratula tions of the people of Salem. i ' : LA- Li