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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (May 1, 1950)
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On just one day, for instance, the President is 'scheduled to make 14 talks in-t8 hours while cross ing the states of . Wyoming, Idaho and '-Orego. f , .l, l. i" ' Traman Is Cpnfident .- It will be a confident Harry Truman who swings aboard the train in Wash ington's Union Station for the nine day circuit He'll be doing something he knows he does well talking to the .people. ' ." . ;' -''!' ," Never a spell-hinder, the President isn't at his best when readjng a pre pared speech. But on his feet, talking without notes, he speaks a language the people seem to understand. Mr, Truman credits his election in 1948 which confounded practically all (the fdopestfers" to the whirlwind campaign of whistle stops when he :gave'em hell" from train platforms from coast to. coast' . T '; GOP Hopes for 'Break' i When the President is speaking off-the-cuff, he doVsn't mince hi? words. It is here the Republicans hope the . President will provide a break that will enable them to make some politi- " cat hay. r '" ; : . J They hope for some chance observa tion like -the one Mr. Truman, tossed off in 1948 at a brief train stop in ' Eugene, Ore. The President, remarked then that he had become rather Iwell acquainted with Premier StaEnJ ad ding: i - .VI like old Joe. Joe is a decent fellow but he is a prisoner of the Politburo. He makes agreements but he can't keep them. The won't let him." i , Opportunity tjo tap "that particular vein, however, as gone forever.; The President has b4en severe in his crit- , icism of world CommuiLsm and e has halted justjshort of branding the SovietUnion officially as "aggressors." the McCarthy Charges Domestic angles of Communism, pinpointed by the charges of Sen. Joseph .McCarthy,1 seem certain to be j a maiori topic GOP national chairman Guy G. Gabrielson has charged the Administration wit trying to "cover up and protect subversives and trai tors in high government places." j Mf r Truman already is on record r with - answers tb such attacks. Last week ! he declared no known Com munists had government jobs and challenged "those who claimed, other wise to come forward with facts. I COLLEGE: Dilemma for Grads Xold, CrueLkrld College enrollment throughout the nation now is' about 2,456,800 an all time high. The prewar peak was 1,242,000 in 1941. - ! But the flood of veterans probably has crested this year and next fall's crop isscheduled to be smaller. At the end of this decade, however,, the war babies will start to College xutd enrollment is expected to rise to even higher peaks. - j .About 500,000 students, will gradu ate from, college this .June a' record high. About 304,000 of them are men, and 250.000 of them are veterans. . Dearth of Jobs j The June grad will face a cold, cruel w'prldjhis year as far as employment goes. The Bureau of Labor Statistics says there wiU be. more graduates than jobs. . . , That means he'll face stiff competi- tioh, may have to take lower pay than ' graduates of a year or two back. Hei may have to start lower down the' ladder or find work in an allied field - rather than the one for which he studied. . j , ' In such fields as engineering where there used to be a 'shortage there is . now a surplus. The U.S. Office of Edu cation says 50,000 will get engineering diplomas this year, compared with a . yearly average of about 10,000 before the war. Perhaps only half the new engineers will step into jobs in their : own line this June. The same condi " tioh exists in most of the professions. ; The federal Labor Bureau says col- lege graduates will be among 1,700,000 In. Short . . Reported: By the Bureau of Labor ' Statistics, a six-tenths of one per cent la food costs from February to March. Seized: By . a Mexican gunboat,' five Texas shrimp boats, fishing in what.-.-Mexico claims as territorial waters tune miles off 'theTcoast;5 the--U.S. places , territorial, limits three;, miles ' offshore. - ; ' Rejected: By the Senate, a British proposal that the U.S. assume part of Britain's :ciss. billion dollar, debt in Asian sterling areas. . ! r " ' Annoanced; By the Navy,rplans to build an atomic-powered' submarine . tind .convert a' cruiser to a guided missile vesseL - EUROPE: Crucial Pinpoihts in the IN HIS speeches within recent weeks, U.S. Secretary of State f Dean Acheson has blueprinted his principles of foreign policy in an. effort to enroll the American people in a total effort to win the COW-war. Such a vast undertaking, he has explained, requires economic and political action on a world scale and velopment of the defenses of the free world wisely , and prudently. Above all, he declared, it requires that the American people demonstrate that their own faith in freedom is a burning and fighting faith. In discussing U.S. diplomatic ob jectives, Acheson made clear there is Scrap Paper ' Five years ago Pf c. Edward P. Ruff of Riverside, N. J., signed a spontaneous American - Rus sian oath at the River Elbe to promote peace for all time. He was a member of the American combat patrol which first met the Russians deep in German terri tory. The oath read:' "At this his toric meeting, all of the soldiers present American and Russian swear they will do everything in their power to prevent such things ' from ever happening again; swear that all nations will and must live at peace." Last week Ruff, now a civilian, tore up his copy of the Oath of Elbe. 1 "It's not worth the paper it's written on anymore," he said, scattering it to the wind. "Instead of living up to' that oath, the Rus sians have done everything -to provoke nother war. I'm afraid war with Russia is inevitable." no intent to subvert the Soviet Union. He said: fWe shall not attempt to under mine Soviet independence. And we are just as determined that Commun ism, shall not by hook, crook dr trick ery undermine our country or any other free country that desires to maintain its freedom." Threat of Aggression The American diplomatic chief ob served that the "threat of aggression" Quotes ; f Actress Maria Montex: "I never ; see my pictures in public I feel ; v ashamed enough if I have to see them alone.".- , Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, president of Columbia Univer sity: "If all Americans want is security, they can go to prison." newcomers to- the labor market this year. BLS says there will be less than one million openings due to death and retirement, leaving 700,000 in need of entirely new jobs. More than four million unemployed, however, , are currently in search' of jobs. This compares with the "postwar low in unemployment of 1.6 million in October, 1948. There', is some reason to believe, however, that the surplus of job hunt - ers will mean that employment stand ards will be raised and college degrees will be required for jobs where they haven't been since the war. Plant Expansion Drops New job applicants ; will fthd 57.5 million employed, compared with the peak of 61.6 million in July, 1943. They will find considerable optimism about the general state of business but they will also find the rate-of plant 1 stimulated to develop into the .deli expansion, and therefore of new job cate, superior organ it now is. opportunities, slowing down. Government officials, urge .industry" to expand and create more job oppor tunities; many businessmen reply that taxes must be lowered before expan sion can be considered worthwhile. RED SABOTAGE French Communists smashed vrlndshields, headli;htt, carburetors ef thest American-mad French Army trucks at Paris. mm soviet tHH SPHERE 1 i iii r - if stands in the way of every attempt at understanding with Russia. He de- nnea aggression as meaning not only; : i : . . i i . i .military attack but propaganda war fare and the secret undermining of free countries from within. He de clared: "If, as, and when that idea of ag gression can be ruled out of our rela tions with the Soviet Union, then the greatest single obstacle to agreement will be out of the way. v "As the results of our actions be come, clear and. the .free ! world be- comes stronger it wilL I believe, be- eome progressively easier to getf- agreements with the Soviet Union." The State Department view is that the Kremlin is. embarked on a broad pattern of moves to create new ten sion and fear of war in order to force the western powers into negotiations and new concessions to Russia. SCIENCE: The Heads Up The National Academy of Sciences heard an engaging new theory about the evolution of man last week in Washington. It's that man owes his "superior mentality over lower animals to a long, arduous and victorious battle against the force of gravity. By forcing himself to stand erect, primeval, man brought about certain changes in his blood and nervous sys tems, thereby stimulating develop ment of a superbrain, is the thesis of Dr. S. W. Britton of the University of Virginia.- I Dr. Britton jtold the Academy's an nual meeting' that man paid some penalties for getting up on his j two feet ailments like fallen arches, vari cose veins, possibly sinus and heart trouble. But, he said, development of the "very delicately responsive hu- man Dram" more than offsets all the drawbacks. Major Adjustments The way he figures it, man's circu latory" and nervous systems lhad to make major adjustments once man assumed the perpendicular for long periods of time. One big factor was that blood had to be forced upward to feed the rudimentary brain primi tive man had. i .i As a result of these adjustments, the scientist theorizes, the brain was Dr. Britton suggests that man's ape- like forebears first got up off all fours when they found that in searching for food and watching for enemies there were certain advantages' in keeping their heads high. - . "mm An The recent Baltic incident in which Russian fighters allegedly shot down an unarmed v. a. JNavy patrol piane ae . v . t . i 2 . 1 3 oft- the Latvian coast is. regarded as 7 ' m - . .1 pail pi mis pattern, do is uie new Russian protest over Allied occupa tion ipf Trieste. . I Putsch on Berlin The proposed Whitsun march on Berlin by east German Communists and the recurrent threats of the Ber lin hleckade are considered other ele ments in a spring offensive. the Whitsun putsch on May 27-29, ...... JJ u m J k.ii waa vji lgixjaujr Btucuuicu hu &cuu uaxx a milion German Communist youths storriing into the western sectors. Washington regards it as an effort to capture the cityhy intimidation by frightening west Ber liners with a mas sive, 'Hitler-like show of force to dem onstrate that the western powers are incapable of protecting them. . Upright Man It I probably took these "pro-man .typei' a few million years to attain complete erectness and. the develop ment of their upper limbs for special ized purposes other than locomotion. Throjiigh the ages, the hands gradu ally became adept at manipulation of tools. ' ' , Business Success Story Charles E. Wilson began his career some? 40 years ago as ah employe for Westinghouse Electric Company at 17 cent an hour. Last year at General Motors "Corp., the giant automotive concern of which he is president, he got considerably more. Wilson heads the list of 61-edf-pora-tion officers or directors granted 1949 bonufe awards totaling $6,035,248 in cashjrplus 24t338 shares of the com pany's common stock, vallued at $61.93 a- snare, Last year Wilson received in, sal ary,! director fees and bonus, a total f $586,100. The bonus is payable in five ; annual installments. At present federal income tax, rates he would retain only a little xno :e than $150,000 of tois. . '-'. It: breaks down this way; $201,100 in aialaryand directo:: fees;. $308,021 in cash and 1,243 shares of stock, rep resenting an "award value" of $385,000. The-huge bonuses reflect the record business of GM in 1949. The corpora tion! reported net sales of $5,700,000;' 000 and net income of $656,434,232. It had a record payroll of $1,440,690,450 for its 401,326 employes. L .. j NATIONAUSM-Xonrad Adenauer, West Gorman chancellor, has boon roprf-v ' . GIFT French mandtd for ailing audjeno at Berlin rally to sing "Deutschland, Ubor AIIV. liberty boll anthem of Hitler's palmy days. Allied commandants (center) remain sooted. drive. This ColcWar The west German police force, un der Allied control was increased from 9,000 to 11,000, men. Special anti riot squads, equipped with tear gas and armored fire-hose trucks, were set ' up and trained. Last weekend it was announced that the American, British -and French garrisons in Berlin ap proximating 7,500 troops will fire, if necessary,! on invading Communist mobs. . ! '' Some Allied authorities in. Berlin believe the j Communists have; now put the Whitsun invasion plan oh the shelti tacticians say the element of surprise was necessary ingredient of any such' plan and point out the Com munists deliberately sacrificed that-by announcing it four months in advance. They; anticipate, scattered sorties by groups of agitators but ho all-out effort 1 ! . Day-to-Day Alert "If; Whitsun passes without major incident as we expect we shall not relax; our alertness," said one high official. "We stand ready to break up an invasion any day in the year." Allied intelligence in Berlin be lieves the former Nazi capital is the No. 1 objective of Kremlin pressure in Europe for 1950 but it also believes the Russians will limit themselves to acts short of war. ' ' Observers stress that Russia, by creating a police-army in eastern Germany of about 50,000 well-trained infantrymen, has a potential weapon menacing the Allied position in Ber lin without any direct intervention by the Soviet army, f Germany Ii Key The reason for the importance of Germany in Soviet eyes is clear from a tactical point of view. Last week west Germany's indus trial) output was reported back at 1936 levels for the first time since the war. Since April, 1948, when Marshall Plan .goods first began to flow into western Germany, industrial production has about, doubled, steel output and vehi- cle ihanuf acture have increased more Ann . ilia uvs jjci lcuu Secretary Acheson has stressed that one ;bf the Kremlin objectives is to change the balance of productive power in the world. At present that balance js very strongly against Rus sia. 'That wpuld no longer be so if Communists! got the upper hand in western Europe and Japan. Dates Monday,; May 1 I May J)ay. j Child Health Day. . - Tuesday, May 2 Primaries in Ala., Fla., Ind, and Ohio. Saturday, May S ! Kentucky Derby. j Anniversary (324th), purchase of . Manhattan Island from the Indians. 1 ' ' Sunday, May 7 Be Kind to Animals Week starts. i ' National Music j Week starts. Medicine Hope for Leukemia Victims Leukemia or cancer of the blood is a disease in which the victim has too many white blood cells. Recently cross-circulation of blood IahItam!. 'itiVi'm. nnn nai- sons free of the disease led to dis covery of a lung filter which removes white cells from the blood stream. Thet volunteers, all persons with hope less" types of other cancer, did hot get leukemia despite receiving huge quan tities of leukemic blood. , The discovery opens a new concept of leukemia. Previous treatments con centrated upon., trying to stop the body's overproduction of white cells. New treatments may focus on trying to adjust the lung filter so that people with leukemia can live with their disease. - - . ? J I , : ' ! : . ; " i f ( 1 I" ' . , ' ' " ' ' ! - ' ' '-. ' . Formosa Is Gloomy Over Fall of Hainan THE sudden and complete collapse of Nationalist forces before Chinese Communist invaders on Hainan Island spread a pall of gloom over Formosa, last fortress of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's tottering "government. Formosans predict they may be fighting in vaders before the year is out- i ' . f The debacle on Hainan was short and complete. The Nationalists 1 1 : 1 had about 125.000 reeular 'troons. Church Protestants Protest . -i Communist drives against organ ized religion in the satellite countries are well known. Pressure has been directed principally against Roman. Catholics in Hungary,' Czechoslovakia and Poland. Last week Protestant Evangelical .Church pastors defied the Red-Dominated East German governmei t by declaring from their pulpits that parishioners were sending up ."cries for help" against Communist pre! sure. The! pastors charged . Comrrunist teachers with trying to persuade pu pils that "there is no God and that Christ never lived at all." U.N. Mission to Moscow? Secretary-General Trygve Lie of the United Nations is on the high, seas on a carefully planned hunt for a new idea to save the United Nations. Officially he is bound for a con ference with British and French gov ernment leaders in London and Paris, and U.N. group meetings in Paris and Warner, Indionapmli Srw REVOLVING DOOR ACT Geneva. But since last November Lie has had an invitation to visit Moscow. It was -tendered long before the cur rent sharp cooling off relations be tween Washington and Moscow. "I. cannot foresee any imminent danger of war," said' Lie, before' he sailed on the Queen Mary, "but the cold war must be brought to an end. The U.N. machine is in bad order, its affairs are worse than before." Lie insists he will not make up his mind finally about the invitation to; Moscow until he reaches Paris. Should Lie visit the Kremlin, he might present .to Prime Minister Stalin proposals designed to bring the Russians back to the U.N. meetings they have boycotted since January 10 because Chinese Nationalists remain in the world organization; Lie; may see Dean Acheson in Europe when the U.S. Secretary of State' attends the conference of west- ern Big Three foreign ministers next month. The blunt-spoken Norwegian ex- plained he does not expect his trip. o ntiAiti imfnai.la T0 C 1 ll f C onrl tYl&t show any immediate results and that he hopes to lay xinly the groundwork for future agreement. He said: ; "It may take a long time to com plete liquidation of the cold war. Many steps will certainly be required. The most important will be to use all the peace-building and conciliat ing resources available in-the United Nations for this purpose, and to give the U.N. the strongest possible, sup port in all its work." j The U.N. .chief executive hopes the question of Chinese representation is settled before the 59-nationi Gen eral Assembly meets in September. sond 52 replicas of tho original at Philadelphia ' for U.S. bond ono salutes Statu el liberty. pkk ' 1 mi J M M m j m "V.x rA'V I I kit sslS & " f 100-plane air force and a small navy. These defenders collapsed in one week before 10,000 to 15,000 combat veterans the Communists managed to put ashore, aided by the ' threat of about 60,000 guerrillas at their rear. Invasion Toll Nationalist headquarters said the Chinese Reds employed 30,000 men in the invasion and got 20,000 ashore, the others being destroyed by air and naval' attacks as they crossed the 10 mile wide Hainan Strait from the mainland. I One story from Hainan attributed the island's fall primarily to Chiang's refusal to reinforce the defense garri son with his well-regarded 50th Army of 20,000 men from Formosa. The ) Generalissimo is said to have held, off ' because of the suspected ambitions of two Hainan generals. j In addition, differences, among the Hainan governor, Gen. Chen Chi-tang, Deputy Gov.s Yu Han-mou and the defense commander,, Gen. Hsueh . Yueh, were common knowledge. t Taking the Eye Jubilantly, the Chinese Communist radio proclaimed: "Naval observers use the metaphor that Hainan and Formosa are our pair of eyes in the south and east Now . we have taken the southern eye, and the eastern, one will soon be ours too." Endeavoring to minimize a dis-; astrous setback, some Nationalists on Formosa explain that Hainan was a crushing financial and tactical burden and that its loss will enable the Na tionalist Navy and Air Force to con- " centrate on the defense of the bastion of Formosa. ' Actually, tixe 13,500-square-mile is land is like some Chinese millionaires rich beneath a ragged protective ex-. terior. Its crops and iron ore represent a reliable source of revenue sorely needed by the hard-pressed National ists. Amphibious Power In taking Hainan, the Chinese Reds appear to have overcome their great est military weakness inability to cross water against an enemy. They put j troops ashore, held f beaches and reinforced them, without either air cover or a navy, both of which tha Nationalists used against them. ' Hainan, of course, is only 10 miles from the nearest mainland, but Chi nese Communists say their invasion flotillas plowed across 30 miles of water to reach their chosen beaches. How long can the last Nationalist refuge of Formosa remain invulner-. able across 100 miles of water? It is known the Chinese Commun ists have an air force. They did not use it against Hainan. They could bo ' saving it for the big push against Formosa. Radi io CAA -pnan rM Frequency modulation radio, with its static-less, noise-free reception, has been an, artistic success but a financial flop since its,' inception 10 years ago. First the war and then tele vision have taken the emphasis off this new development. Standard' broadcast . stations ; that added FM do not receive additional revenue from sponsors for duplicating their programs on FM, broadcasters with only FM have difficulty selling time to sponsors because of the limit ed audience. ' v There are now 710. FM transmitters' on the. air, 23 less than on January 1, ; and only about 5,000,000 'radio sets equipped to receive FM throughout the nation. . ; . j There are, however, specialized sub scription services which FM offers to buses, trolleys, stores, restaurants, taverns and public places. The stations make use of dog t whistle and supersonic signals in audible to home listeners- to raise or lower the volume j of special bus -and store sets. This makes it possible to boost the volume .automatically when the commercial comes on, to make sure it is heard above the noise of bus operation or conversation in the-store. Home sets are not affected. FM operators were told at a Chicago convention that fuch special subscrip tion services can take FM out of tho . red if operated in a large enough -market area. ' 1 iyi- Sidelights - The nation's little red schoolhouses (one-teacher schools)' have been dis appearing at the rate of about 12 a . day for the last 30 years, according - to the Federal Office of Education. Thanks to high colfee prices, Costa Rica is financially more stable than I it has been in many years, according to Vice President Alberto Oreamuno in the U.S. on a visit. In Pierre, S. D, a census-taker - interviewed a farmer evacuated from flood-swept Sully County. She asked r him the standard question: "Do you have running .water in your, home?" The farmer started to swear. "Never used to," he said, "but last week it came in through the doors and win- - cows. i : - r''i " ' ' .," . (Alt Right Rnwd. AP NiMfMtitra.