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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (June 13, 1949)
Communist Inquiries Hold Natioiial Stage COMMUNIST spy inquiries and trials made some of the biggest and most complicated news of the; week. Readers had trouble keeping track of all the players without a scorecard. In Washington, the House Un-American Activities Committee and the Joint Congressional Committee on Atomic Energy continued their hearings. One sensational development in the House probe was a rharce that James F. Byrnes, then Secretary of State, had prevented ar rest of a Russian spy in IMS- Byrnes denied it. Under the glare of kleig lights, newsreel and television cameras, David E. Lilienthal defended his atomic stewardship. His chief critic, Sen. Bourke Ilickenlooper (R-Ia), continued grilling him about security precautions, seeking to substantiate his charges of "incredible misman agement" against the AEC chairman Chambers vs. Hiss Whittakcr Chambers, ex-Commun-lst courier and former senior editor of Time magazine, spent an uncom fortable week in New York federal court under cross examination by counsel for Alger Hiss. Hiss, former Assistant Secretary of State, had been eccused 10 months ago of passing government secrets to a Communist spy ring. Those charges culminated in a perjury indictment against Hiss with Chambers as the principal gov ernment witness. Last week, Hiss' counsel concen trated on discrediting Chambers by trying to show him as a "confirmed Jiar." Admissiqns were drawn from Chambers that he had perjured him self before the House Un-American Affairs Committee and seven times before the federal grand Jury which indicted Hiss. The granddaddy of all Communist trials now in its sixth month was underway in the same U.S. District Court building. Eleven leaders of the American Communist Party were being tried on charges of inciting overthrow of the government Tactics of Delay Since opening of the trial in Jan uary, tho Communists and their at torney resorted to tactics of delay, disorder and confusion, apparently in an effort to make a mockery of the American judicial system. Finally Federal Judge Harold R. Medina cracked down. N Alter one witness refused to an swer questions, the judge sentenced him to 30 days for contempt When two other defendants cried the trial was a "monstrosity' and a "kangaroo court," Judge Medina jailed them for the balance of the trial 11 On trial in Washington for espion age is Judith Coplon, former political analyst for the Justice Department, who was arrested in New York last March with Valentine A. Cubitchev. a Russian engineer. Trad Tariff Talks Lag The world tariff conference at An necy, France, is at least one month behind schedule. Only seven of a pos lible 270 bilateral tariff negotiations have been completed, with two-thirds of the period originally set for. the conference expired. The international parley began April 8 with 34 nations participating. There are two groups. One comprises the 23 nations which belong to the 1947 Geneva tariff agreement. The second comprises 11, countries who wish to join the agreement The 23 charter-member nations es tablished their "most favored nation" principle in Paris among themselves. This provides that, any tariff conces sion made among two or more mem bers automatically is applied to all, One stumbling block at the confer ence is that some of the newcomers introduced very considerable tariff increases on the eve of the confer ence. Any tariff concessions made by such countries at the conference might be regarded merely as a return ta the old scale, or might even re main considerably above the tariff level previously in force. Italy was one of the countries which made such increases. As a re mit, Italian negotiations are proceed ing very slowly. Officials said some other small new comer nations also were holding up negotiations because they came t Anneey insufficiently prepared for large-scale bargaining on tariff rat? schedules. ' In Short Nominated: B President Truman, Mrs. Georgia Neese Clark, Richland, Kas., banker as the first woman treasurer of the Uniteo States. Pretested: Bv Winston Churchill, that the Labor Government's health minister, Aneurui Be van. had threat ened "civil wa. and a blood bath" if British Conservatives win the na tional election sometime within the next 12 months Upheld: By the U S Circuit Court of Appeals, conviction and $1,420,000 fines of John L Lewis and his United Mine Workers for failure to call off a strike last year Fardeaed: By Denmark, 433 prison ers, including collaborators with the Nazis, on the centenary of the Dan ish constitutlou Lifted: By Baseball Commissioner A. B. (Happy) Chandler, five-year suspensions of 18 professional players who jumped to the Mexican league three years ago. Quotes David E. Lilienthal, chairman of the U.S. Atonc Energy Com mission, explaining one reason why employes left the commis sion: "Those who left because they had babies may be the re sult of incredible mismanage ment, but not on the part of the commission.' George Cbandos Bidwell, head of the British Council in Poland, who renounced his British citi zenship to become a Pole: "The British way of life has been sold out to American dollars." Palmiro Togliatti, Italian Com munist leader: "Italy is ripe to become a new democracy" like Czechoslovakia. ' 4. ; it rx x ;d-day 'i m E ,4 tBdesur - 1 1 f f i - - - .. i WAR IS GONE but scars remain. This is Omaha Beach where Yanks breached Hitler's Atlantic Wall five years ago. Grass hides foxholes, where men died, but not the rusty landing craft. "''.':.: v ' .; ' . -.. :.. ... u jr.. m 'jjg.jsgZSSSS -: i i .... ieasBi . . . J SCUTTLED AT SHANGHAI by Nationalists were these vessels in the Whang poo River. Unable to get to sea, they were sunk to delay use of the port) by victorious Chinese Communists. "-! m 1 r 4 MOONS OVER MANHATTAN might be the tHIe of this pkture of New, York's famed sky.'ine, illuminatsd by photoflash "bombs'f dropped byva ft17 in a test of Air Fore equipment. Medicine Rusty Veins A physician told the American Geriatrics Society at Atlantic City last week that many diseases whose causes are considered obscure can be cured or prevented by removal of in fections from veins. Among the diseases he listed apo plexy, arthritis, sinusitis, rheumatism, glaucoma (hardening of the eyeball), phlebitis and thromboses (diseases caused by blood clots getting into vital organs). The report was made by Dr. Otto Meyer, vein specialist He likened in fection of jugular veins to "rusting of pipelines." The rusted veins slow down the blood flow, cutting the sup ply to various parts of the body. "The most effective treatment of concealed jugular phlebitis (infec tion of jugular veins) is application of leeches, because it cures the phlebitis and is not dangerous," Meyer said. The leeches draw off the infection as well as the blood and thereby clear away the "rust" Meyer said. I 3 - - ' ., .'A TWO m - ff it i j ' . i " PARIS: A THE Senate may set aside de bate on the new labor bill next week to take up ratification of the Atlantic Pact. It was ap proved unanimously last week by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. The defensive alliance would bind each of the 12 member nations to regard an attack on one signer as an attack upon all and to take such ac tion as each deemed necessary, "in cluding the use of force." Sen. Tom Connally (D-Tex), com mittee chairman, predicted over whelming passage for the treaty but there are indications of long and ex tended debate. Sen. Forrest Donnell (R-Mo) and Sen. Arthur Watkins (R-Utah) said their opposition is un shaken despite the unanimous action of the committee. Boost for Morale Speedy ratification by the Senate, however, would prove a tremendous boost for morale in western Europe. Already the little countries there are becoming apprehensive again at the familiar pattern of deadlock becom ing evident at the Paris conference of foreign ministers. - The Big Four policy makers emerged empty-handed from a series of secret meetings last week. Unable td reach agreement on political unity for Germany or Berlin, there was lit tle prospect of any settlement on terms for a German peace treaty. Deadlock on Veto The breakdown on Berlin appar ently hinged on the veto question. The western powers insisted on limit ing the veto and giving definite ad ministrative authority to an all-Berlin German government, chosen in elections supervised by all four pow ers. Andrei Vishinsky, the Soviet for eign minister, demanded retention of all the veto powers which were used in the past to smash four-power rule in the capital He rejected western proposals that the veto apply only to lecurity and police matters. The Austrian treaty is the last point on the agenda. If the foreign ministers fail to agree on that one more tactic probably will be fol- Britain Problems & Policy Socialists who rule Britain held their five-day annual conference last week at Blackpool, the same garish seaside resort at which they wrote their 1945 program which swept them into power. This time the Labor Party was be set by political and labor troubles. The shadow of next year's election hung over delegates. The major problems include con trol of wages, prices and profits; best methods of controlling and operating state industries, and whether to pro ceed slowly or swiftly with more na tionalization. James Griffiths, the party's national chairman, declared a world society was the Socialist ultimate objective and listed the increasing unity of Eu rope, the Atlantic Pact and evolution of the British Commonwealth as the essential base for this future world group. He condemned Russia because "by her words and deeds the Soviet Union has, for a time, vetoed the building of a world organization." Griffiths acknowledged the gener osity of the American people but said the Labor Government's sound and courageous policies made American aid more effective than it would have been otherwise. Convention speakers frequently mentioned 1950 as election year. Con servatives have predicted the govern ment might force. an election this fall The government's term is not up until a year from July, but under the English system, the party in power can call an election at any time. Meanwhile for the third weekend in a row, British trainmen walked off their "Sunday runs," keeping hun dreds of thousands of would-be Whit suntide holidayers at home. All traffic between London and north England was shut down. The strike was called in protest at sum mer schedules which require some engineers and firemen of the state owned lines to spend nights away from home. Reward The Kathy Fiscus Case The final chapter in the tragic story of Kathy Fiscus drew to a close last week with checks in the mail to 132 men who toiled vainly to save her life. Donations totaling S42.613.20 were sent in from all parts of the nation. The money was distributed by com mittee, headed by Mayor Clark Bell of San Marino. Calii, in amounts ranging from $31.20 to $927. Three-year-old Kathy fell into an abandoned 14-inch well casing April 8, and volunteer miners, sand hogs, well diggers, engineers and workmen labored 52 hours without a break until they recovered her body. MM tiitu RMtTvd AP Nrwif tatttrt 1 1 Question of Timing THEY EXPECTED A lowed before the parley breaks up. According to custom, the agenda is gone over for a second time. It is considered possible, that west ern ministers will try to salvage something from the conference by proposing to set up a continuing study committee of deputies. By this device the whole subject of Germany could be kept open for future con sideration when conditions for agree ment may be improved. Russia Facing East? There was also evidence that Rus sia, faced with a stalemate in Europe, was turning to the Orient. In Paris last week it was rumored that Deputy Dates Monday, Jane IS Second World Health Assembly convenes in Rome. Tuesday, June 14 Flag Day. Wednesday, Jane 15 Federal income tax (second quarterly payment). Thursday, June 16 Birthday (91st), King Gustav V of Sweden. Friday, June 17 Bunker Hill Day in Boston. Iceland's Independence Day. Sunday, June 19 Father's Day. Governor's conference opens at Colorado Springs. Weight Sweat It Off How many hours must a dancer waltz to lose a pound? It would take 20 hours, according to tests made at the University of Alabama's new health and physical education labora tory. On the other hand, a runner must run 43.2 miles at a rate of 10 miles per hour to shed a pound. Or, take it easy and walk if you prefer, but you'll have to stroll 66 miles at a rate of four miles an hour. If none of these strenuous methods appeal, you can drop that pound by driving your car. Trouble is you'd have to stay behind the wheel for 68 hours. Hard work, like sawing wood or playing football, will take off pound age quicker. Saw wood 10 hours or play football for 4.8 hours and you get the same result one pound. IMMOVABLE VS. mux MSA J i, t .5.. ' l, fi.v rA f--:'t. Svmmtrt, Iwffof fvcaiaf Nw DOVE Foreign Minister V. M. Molotov had been shifted to head Soviet policies in China and elsewhere in the Orient Such a move to exploit the Com munist advance in China had been anticipated by diplomats ever since Molotov was transferred months ago from foreign minister to undisclosed new responsibilities. One view is that Russia soon will change its policy of diplomatic aloof ness toward the victorious Chinese Communists. Another forecast is that Moscow may choose to keep up tho appearance of a hands-ofT attitude to mask from the west, Kremlin plans for aiding communists in southeast Asia and India. People Curtains for Fishbein? The Americau Medical Association last week clipped the wings of Dr. Morris Fishbein, long regarded as spokesman for American medicine. He was forbidden to make any, speeches or statements or even to give press interviews on controver sial subjects. All his speaking engage ments will be made by the AMA exec utive committee, which also will su pervise his edito rials dealing with controversial sub jects. Dr Fishbein's only official post is editor of The Jour nal of the Ameri can Medical Associ FISHBEIN ation. During his 37 years in the AMA, he has made The Journal the richest, largest and one of the most powerful medical publi cations in the world. For years he has argued freely about medical politics and has been a leader in opposing state medicine and socialization of medicine. The AMA at Atlantic City limited him to discussion of scientific sub jects. Dr. Elmer Henderson of Louis ville, Ky chairman of the board, said: The board of trustees is aware of the criticism of the editor coming from within and without the profes sion. The board recognizes that the public has come to believe that the editdr is spokesman of the associa tion. The membership undoubtedly wishes the elected officials to speak on all matters of medical policy." ssV ysssfcPeV W f t $$QfwM 9tt09 lUESISTiSLI FORCES WANTED Economic Paradox F3R the second consecutive month, the nation is confront ed by an economic paradox ris ing living costs while a five months' business decline contin ues. Latest Bureau of Labor statistics show the cost-of-living index up for the second month in a row while busi ness activity is coasting downhill. Steel production fell to 91.8 per cent of capacity, lowest since last December. Last week's tonnage was the smallest since July a year ago when mills werp just getting back into production after the paralyzing coal strike. Slump in Orders Memorial pay was not observed in the steel mills and the production drop is not attributable to a short work week. Experts say the cause is a slump in future commitments by steel's big customers. The Ford strike, for instance, took one of the biggest users of sheet steel out of the market. That inade more steel available to other automobile manufacturers, if they Wanted it. Steel salesmen found a lot of thera didn't Business loans hit the skids for the 19th week in a row. Freight car load ings compared favorably with the previous week's totals but were more than eight per cent below those of a year ago. Average Worker Untouched This paradox has had little elfect, however, on the average industrial worker who has kept his job. His weekly earnings, which average 83 cents more than a year ago, have about kept pace with the rise in liv ing costs. Economists bring the national eco nomic picture into focus with this observation. They say that produc tion, trade, employment and capiial expansion fall short, in most cases, of the exceptional records set a year ago. However, they add, if you go back to any ordinary year before the national economy was inflated to an unprece dented degree by the war and its after-effects, the current picture is excellent. Diplomacy New 1st Team s The arrival of Ambassador Alan O. Kirk in Russia signalizes a reshuffle of the American diplomatic first team in Europe. Kirk, shifting to Soviet Russia from Belgium, left Ntw York for Paris last Tuesday. He conferred with Secretary of State Dean Acheson and attended sessions of the Big Four foreign min isters before leaving for Moscow by way of Berlin. Kirk's arrival is expected to put into effect a revised State Depart ment policy of relyijiik more heavily on the advice and reports of U.S. en voys in key foreign capitals. Europe Setup Revamped Acheson reptrtedly believes that changes recently made by President Truman have contributed to the for mation of an unusually able group of representatives in Europe. John J. McCloy, ex-president of the World Bank, is the first American high commissioner for occupied Ger many. Ambassador Lewis Douglas stays in London at least for the time being. The veteran James C. Dunn is in Rome and David K. E, Bruce has just about been named ambassador to France. Bruce, a diplomatic newcomer, is to be supported in Paris by Charles E. Bohlen, who is transferring from the post of State Department coun selor to minister-counselor, second in command of the Paris embassy. Author tj on Russia Bohlen, an authority on relations with Soviet Russia, is said to have had a choice of other top assignments, including even that of ambassador to Moscow. Associates say he shared Acheson's judgment that at Paris he would have an unusual opportunity to help develop American foreign policy. In Moscow, Kirk will be joined by a new second in command, Walworth Barbour, a career diplomat, who will relieve Foy Konler as minister-counselor. Kohler is returning to head Voice of America broadcasts. rl'-" what you J -CCi-lr - I CAN DO I Cm Chnmimu : EXPERT MARXSMEM
