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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (May 9, 1949)
A-' 1 l t, "A 9 fl f i V - 1 V'.: . ' - S X- . - ! i t ,1MIL - - ' ENVOYS CONFER-Slr Alexander Philip C Jesstip (center) of tho Franc discuss Russian offor to Truman Labor Bill Beaten by ORGANIZED labor' drive to wipe out the Taft-Hartley law ha suffered a major setback in the House. Unless the trend is re versed in the Senate, which is not considered likely, it look now a though any new labor legislation will have a strong Taft-Hartley flavor. The House Democratic leadership made sweeping concessions to a Republican-southern Democratic co alition. -But five amendments, which would have retained some of the Taft ct curbs, failed to pull away from the coalition sufficient votes of the middle-of-the-road southerner and Republicans. Crushing Defeat It was the most crushing defeat for the Truman program thus far in the 81st Congress. Members turned a cold shoulder to a personal appeal by Speaker Sam Rayburn (D-Tex) for -the great thinking middle of the House" to support the compromise. The Administration compromise was def rated 211 votes to 183. Instead the coaTtion passed a sub stitute bill introduced by Rep. John Wood D-Ca which would repeal the Tart-Hartley law and then re enact n.ust of its major provisions. These would ix.cii.de the use of in junctions in "nawonal emergency" strikes, the non-Communist affidavit, bans on secondary boycotts, jurisdic tional striken, tne closed shop and union political cor.tubutions. Wanted Warner Act Labor had been pressing for repeal of the T-H law and revival of the New Deal Wagner Act. Repeal of the Taft-Hartley law was one of the basic points in President Truman's political campaign last fall when he -attacked the record of tha Oth Congress. It would appear one campaign pledge the present Congress will not carry out for Mr. Truman. Aerial Safety & Costs In President Truman's budget rec ommendations for fiscal 1950. the Air Force strength u cut from 59 to 48 groups. Last week in Indianapolis, Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg. the Air Force k-. - ,,fT Acl-iroil a 41-prollD Air tHICl Ul ...... - r- r v g.nrini nr more than- . . aru and hooe of eventual victory in the event of war." Before the President made his budget recommendations. Air Force leaders said they considered a "0 group Air Force an absolute mini mum for safety and strength. - Meanwhile Air Force designers al ready have a successor on paper for the B-36 Intercontinental bomber but production is several years away. At Frankfurt. Germany, a giant 71 ton cargo plane was undergoing tests nn the Berlin Airlift. It is the C-97 Boeing Stratofreighter, transport sis ter ship of Boeing's B-50 "Lucky Lady II." which recently circumnavi gated the globe nonstop with aerial, refueling. The C-97 carries about 25 tons of cargo. C-54 Skymasters, which com prise mo-st of the an lift planes, carry a boot 10 tons each. Sidelights Russo-Yugosrav relations appear to ; be going from bad to morse Yugo-..-stavia. hich won last year s Prague- Watsawbscycle race, has been barred this year from competition. Belgrade has publicized that last years winner ' has only received a photo of the mo torcycle he should have received as a . pi ize. In Quincy. Mass. two youngsters reported missing wound up by )oin ing the search- for themselves. On a transcontinental train, a des perate husband used a beer -can open er to pump the bellows of a broken iron lung for his polio-stricken wife. The accident happened as the train was crossing Wyoming. No repairs . could be obtained at North Platte so Ralph Palmer crouched on his hands nd knees for 10 hours pumping with, the improvised handle until tne tram reached Omaha. There a fire depart ment respirator took over for the vir tually exhausted husband. Cocoa nut milk, fed to little slice f living carrot root, makes them, grow to 80 times their original sizes in three weeks. Codogon (left) of Britain, MAY! DAY IN MOSCOW-Sovtet troop arc drawn up In mats array before Premier Stal'ui In SIGHTSEEt Britain' Princess . SHANGHAI GESTUXE This Chinese Nationalist tank hoods for UX and Joan Chauvel of Red Squaro. Tho Lonin mausoleum from which Russian notablos reviewed tho parade Is Margaret arrivos at the hi f waterfront whoro it boardod a transport for tho south to scapo ond the Borlin blockade, partially obscurod by lower tower in right for ground. Stalin's son lod display of fot pianos. of Capri on .vacation trip. advancing Chinoso Communists. Panic rignod in tho city. Coalition Quotes William; Green, president of the American Federation of Labor: "If the present Congress fails to adopt civil rights legisla tion we must elect a new Con gress in 1950 that will not fail" Sir Tbmas Beeeham, British symphonic conductor, on his 70th birthday: The larger the crowd the more it brings out the Satan in me. If I see 1,000 people I feel quite malicious. If I see 5,000 I feel positively evil." People Open Door Policy Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt says she believes the United States should per mit visitors into the country from Russia and its satellite nations. Addressing the General Federation of Women's Clubs in Hollywood, Fla, Mrs. Roosevelt said it was a false fear that caused this country to close its d o o r a to visitors from Communist- rfnminated lanrl Mrs. FDR member of tha United Nations Commission on Hu man Rights, said that by letting them in this government would permit them to see something of the dem ocratic way of life even though they would not dare go back and tell the truth except behind locked doors. She said she did not believe many visitors would come from Russia but that some would come quickly from W aatallttfka saieuaes. toWe have no conception ofR ussiaa discipline." said the widow of the wartime President. "Even Russian of ficials in this country on United Na tions business are terribly afraid. When they accept invitations they bring another with them, one to pro tect the other." Communist arguments never men tion the word freedom, said Mrs: Roosevelt. They claim to offer the world racial equality, economic se curity and education. The govern ment promises every man a job. They do not say if there is no job in Mos cow, he may be sent to Siberia. ONE VIEW OF SOVIET mm the heaven ;r v ' lite earw- , riMrfRIAilfTK p0rAMA!.' ) fZ : 7 WE Wp IT rfTfsdmV. v I ,r- . . ?X TRUCE: Is AUTHORITATIVE American sources in Germany incline to the belief that the Soviet Union want not only to end the Berlin blockade but to shelve the cold war, at least temporarily, in the hope of lifting the economic iron cur tain. One top American source, who has been dealing with Russia continuous ly since the end of the war, expressed it this way: Russia has lost the battle for Ber lin. She has asked for a truce. This truce is needed in order to regroup her forces and launch a new attack with new methods. Her aims have not changed but her tactics have." Sweeping Concessions This official or officials predicted that Russia would enter a new period of cooperation with the west. He said the counterblockade and boycott had shut Russia out of all western affairs from the Baltic to the Adriatic, and that to regain a foothold in western Europe the Kremlin may make con cessions so sweeping the west may b embarrassed by them. He said: "In Germany, she probably will agree to the western occupation statute and other proposals in order to set up a central German govern ment in which she will have m voice. At worst Russia will have created a German buffer state. At best she has a chance to influence the German government and swing it into her camp. Economic Starvation Such concessions in Germany would be pointless unless they were accom panied by a lifting of the Soviet cur tain on eastern Europe, this source pointed out. ARGENTINA: Peron Speaks Up Nationalized Industries President Juan D. Peron told the new session of Congress in Buenos Aires last week that the government would continue to nationalize all pub lic services. He declared present owners would receive "prompt and adequate" com- pensation and the government wpuld resort to forced expropriation only when owners "refused to accept rea sonable solutions which we are al ways willing to propose." Peron defined public services as transit, electric power plants, tele phone, telegraph and water systems. Significantly, his list did not include meat packing houses and oil firms, of which a number are owned by United SCIENTIFIC CLAIMS . r . tad Russia Ready to End mm ( w itFsr -" In - ?$ Cmrmmck, UNTIL THE U.N. GETS A "Eastern Europe is starved for manufactured goods which Russia, cannot supply," he explained. "Hav ing made concessions in Germany the next step is to make others to relieve the plight of her satellites. "Russia will not loosen her political grip only her economic one." Gen. Clay te Retire The American source was never identified in dispatches. A short time earlier, however. Gen. Lucius D. Clay, who will retire May IS as American States, British and Dutch companies. Packers and oilmen had feared they might be marked for eventual nation alization. Foreign Fears Foreign governments have objected not so much at the principle of ex propriation but at the method of pay ment specified in Article 40 of the new Argentine constitution. That article says the expropriation price shall be the original investment minus all profits made during the company's existence over and above a "reasonable profit." Some foreign investors feared this meant they might have to pay for the privilege of being expropriated. Peron tried to reassure foreign business interests last week by declar ing each case would; require an en abling act of Congress and he did not propose to take unfair advantage of anyone. The Peron speech, while made to Congress, undoubtedly was aimed at attention in the United States. It had been claimed in Buenos Aires that the U.S. State Department's objec tions to Article 40 constituted one of the principal barriers in negotiations for improving Argentine-American trade. President Peron told Congress Ar gentina and Chile are capable of de fending their claims in the Antarctic. The only other claim Argentina rec ognizes in the Antarctic region is that of Chile, he said. Lay Off the Beef Later in the week, Peron scolded his people for eating too much meat. Argentines, he said, are the world's greatest meat eaters, and eat so much that one out of every four" has liver trouble. His dietary experts estimate the average Argentine eats 240 pounds of meat e year and Buenos Aires citi zens swallow nearly 3SS pounds a year. The average annual meat con sumption in the United States in 1948 was 1C2 pounds per capita. President Peron j wants his people to limit their meat consumption to 150 pounds a year. If the new dietary campaiga is suc cessful, Argentina , will soon have a greater exportable surplus of meat tat Britain and other countries. CWtfi fcoc MtmHw FIRE ENGINE FAR military governor In Germany, had been quoted as saying in Berlin: "I would assume that the Soviet attitude already displayed in negotia tions in the United States means the Russians would be more reasonable at future foreign ministers' confer ences than in the past. No Change in Communism "But we should remember even if a solution for the entire German problem is eventually reached, that does not change Communism. Com- Dates Tuesday, May It Confederate Memorial Day (N. &c S. Car.). Thursday, May It National Hospital Day. Saturday, Stay 14 Paraguay's Independence Day. Preakness Stakes, Pimlico, Md., horse race. Sunday, May IS "I Am An American Day" (Cit izenship Day). Anniversary (first), Israel in dependence. Time Margin of Error Time correct time is almost a phobia in the United States. This is the land "of the three-minute egg, daylight saving; and 30-minute time checks on the radio. American scien tists know absolute accuracy in the field of time is a goal which they may never attain. Yet they continue to strive for it. Toward that end, . the Naval Ob servatory has set up a new observa tory in Florida to correct an error of four one -thousandths of a second a day. That amounts to a change of some three "or lour seconds a century. The Naval Observatory, official U.S. timekeeper, is in Washington. But its new station at Richmond. Fla because it has better weather, prom ises to cut the margin of error to one one-thousandths of a second daily or one complete second every 500 years. That's not perfect, scientists admit, but it is a step in the right direction. The mistake results from the' fact that the earth, like 'all aging things, is slowing down. Scientists measure time by check ing the earth's rotation against the stars. Since the earth's rotation varies from year to year, it throws measure meats off and makes your watch wrong. Th Nin telescooe at Richmond, where visibility is clearer than in Withinsrtoo. will be in a better spot to check up on the earth's erratic whirL ; Cold War? EAST TRAGEDY munism's objective remains the nm world domination." Close students of Kremlin strategy do not expect that the Soviet will make all concessions at once. They anticipate skilled Soviet negotiators will try to sell each point for the highest possible price at the coming foreign ministers' conference. It is certain that any proposals on a central German state will be ex amined with great care by the French who still fear a German revival. Finance National & International Business and personal checking ac counts dropped two billion dollars in 194S, the first annual decline in that category of bank accounts since 1937, reports the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. At Minneapolis before a conference of bankers of the Ninth Fedelal Re serve District, Secretary of the Treas ury Snyder forecast that some of Europe's Marshall Plan countries may have to make their goods cheaper to American buyers before 1952 by low ering their exchange rates. That year is when American recov ery aid is due to end. Snyder said that the U. S., in turn, must try to take more imports from European countries. Reducing trade barriers through international agree ments is "part of our contribution to solution of the problem." he said. " Snyder noted that the exchange rates prevailing today were, for the most part, adopted during and just after the war. Since then, he said, there have been important changes in the world situation. European countries might gain ex tra dollars by attracting American in vestments, the secretary said. He noted, however, that at the present time American capital is reluctant to go abroad, adding: "tohe extent that the European Recovery Program is successful, the special risks involved in European investment will be re duced." In Short Retired: Serge Koussevitzky after 25 years as conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Observed: By Spanish Falangists the fourth anniversary of the death of Mussolini, father of fascism, with a funeral mass in a Barcelona parish church. Iredaee4: By postwar German chemists, ersatz meat and ersatz milk, - which have the same caloric value as the bona fide products at about half the price- Cleared: By Baseball Commissioner A. B. (Happy) Chandler. Leo Du- rocher, N. Y. Giant manager, of a charge of assaulting a patron.. Canadian Election THE Canadian Parliament, dominated by the National Liberal Party, has beeri dissolved and new elections will be held June 27. . Parliament might have stayed in session until August, 1950, its full five-year term, but Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent decided it was a propitious moment for his government to go before the people. He made, the decision in Ottawa after a tour of western Canada. I Both the Liberals and their thief " opposition, the Progressive Consefva . lives, go into the campaign with hew leaders. ; j St. Laurent was chosen Liberal Party lrader at a convention last Aiifcust to succeed the retiring W. L. McKenzie King. Under the Canadian political system, the leader pt ;the irajority party automatically becomes prime minister. Canada has not (yet Ivjd the opportunity of expressing its opinion of St. Laurent aLihe polls. For Trade W ith t?. S. j St. Iurent -is a 67-yoar-old cor poration lawyer, the son of a French vaking father and Irish mother He i-s a staunch advocate of closer trade with the United States. j The nw Conservative leader Is George Drew, handsome ; 54-year-old former premier of Ontario. ' The Liberals, who have been la power since IMS. had a slim margin in the old House of Commons- 125 out of -a total of 245 seats. The Con servatives had 69 seats. j The new House will have 262 seats. Ten of the new seats stem from a re distribution of districts and seven from the new province of Newfound land, which joined Canada March 31. ' Canada elects only the House of Commons. Senators are chosen for life by the government. Drew has attacked the government's financial policies, accused it of a lethargic defense program and urged negotiation of mora trade contracts with Britain. i Bl-PartKan Foreign Policy j On such issues as the North Atlantic part and the international Wheat government, however. Conservatives voted with the Liberals. ' j One of the; last acts of the expiring House was to ratify the North Atlantic treaty 185 to 0. i Two of the most Important laws passed by Parliament were the Act of 1946 establishing Canadian citizenship and adoption of terms of union with Newfoundland. Previously Canadians had been considered subjects of King George. The addition of Newfound " land gives Canada its 10th. province. CoalHiea May Be Necessary; There is some feeling among po litical analysts that the Liberals, may receive the most seats in the new Par liament yet fall short of a working majority and thus have to fall back upon help of the smaller factions. Of these, the Socialist Cooperative Commonwealth Party is the largest with 32 seats. The Social Credit Party, which advocates monetary adjust ments, has 12 seats. The Communists had no seats in the old Parliament but they will enter the lists with veral candidates, includ ing theirfteader, Tim Buck. ; Gov't Public Payrolls Payrolls of state and local govern ments reached a Tecord high of I7V5,- 000,000 lat October after? rising in every state; during the preceding !year, according to the Census Bureau, j The number of state and (local employes 4- 4,000.000, apprdxirriately double the: federal total,, not .counting the armed jforces also reached i new high in October. Payrolls increased, even more rapidly, reflecting pay boosts. . The average monthly earnings ot state and j local government workers were $200 last October against; $1&3 for October. 1947. 5 j For the nation as a whole there were 27 state or local government workers for each 1,000 inhabitants. This ratio varied in individual states from 20 per 1,000 ia Arkansas up te 50 per 1.000 in North Dakota. (AU mght JteserveO. XP Nmftur) H$ )) 'X ;-t - . - - ; r f rv. 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