Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (March 6, 1946)
PAGE FOUR Tb OREGON STATESMAN, Salem. Oregon, Wednesday Morning. March 8. 1948 wmmt MM tatesmatt "No Favor Sway$rU$; No Fear Shall Awt" From First Statesman, Mar eta IS, 1851 TOE STATESMAN POLISHING COMPAQ CHARLES. A. S PRAGUE, EdiUw and Publisher ' Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use tor publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. Russia is summoned before the bar of world opinion to give. an- account of itself in these days. , Canada, reports that espionage conducted by the military attache in the Russian embassy at Montreal sought ,to learn the secrets of atomic Bomb production and to get samples of material , used; tried to ascertain the identity of Ameri can divisions redeployed from Europe to the Pacific, and to get details of the electronic shells used by our navy. Moscow itself admits that Russian troops are being retained in northern Iran in viola tion of the treaty with Britain agreeing for joint withdrawal on March 2. t Chinese report that Russian troops are pour ing into Manchuria until now their number is about double that at the time of the Japanese surrender. A Russian general in Mukden admits that Japanese prisoners of .war captured m Man churia have been shipped to Siberia instead of being repatriated. j Richard Cushing, AP correspondent whb with two other newsmen got into Manchuria, were arrested by the Russians for a time, anjd then given a quick look-see before being oust ed, reports "Dairen and environs are an armed Russian camp." In truth the USSR has some explaining to do to stand in good graces with the rest of the world. We do not like to spend all our time pointing a finger at Russia, but the way Russia has reverted to a policy of isolation and na tionalistic aggression inevitably creates alarm over the world. Cooperation is a two-way street. Unless Russia is willing to abide by its agree ments and cooperate with other nations then the stage is set for continued "power politics" which in the past has always terminated in -warfare. It is no time for Pollyanna thinking on our international policies. Winston Churchill, speaking at Fulton, Mo., yesterday, tpoke unofficially but plainly in" charging the LbiK with seeking indewnite expansion of her power and doctrines.')- His proposal of a virtual Anglo-American alliance may be interpreted as an appeal to us to safe guard Britain's interests in certain danger spots. If we are doomed to some fateful Arma geddon between rival ambitions and ideologies certainly we do not want to stand alone. Franco Slav On The joint declaration by F.rance. the United States and Great Britain rel&fng to Spain was so much milk-and-water tnat Generalissimo Franco took the cue and thumbed his nose at it. Any positive action against Franco is much belated. He should have been given the silent treatment years ago when with the aid of Mussolini and Hitler he fought his way to Mad rid and set up his own dictatorship. About the only thing" left for the complaining powers to do. is to withdraw recognition from Franco and extend it to the government-in-exile which is a continuation of the government Franco ousted. The question is saked: "What business is it of ours? That question was asjted in the original Spanish civil war. It turned outto be the open ing phase of the world war, a practice .field for Mussolini and Hitler. Spain under Franco is a stronghold for the fascist idea and leadership. Ite falangist party connections infect Latin America. Argentina is an example of its spreadf The victory of Peron in that country will ba exploited with further fascist penetration of South America. It is not our policy to interfere in the gov ernment of other countries but Franco exists by virtue of nazi-fascist interference while we stand on the sidelines. This country has no de sire to plunge Spain into civil war or into the hands of the reds, but the existing government-in-exile is definitely non-communist. Sotne way should be found to let the Spanish people, hold a free election and choose their own govern ment But Franco and his party will never will ingly agree to such an election because the probability is they would be badly defeated. Notable Talk by Sen. Vandenberg (Editor's Note Following Is tha notable ad dress delivered la the United States senate Febrnary 27 last by Sen. Arthur H. Vsnden berg of Michigan, delegate to the assembly of the United Nations In London. Because of limits of space some portions of the address have been omitted). DbMtoto to tint .rtar SrmJbate t WW IM ST HMfl wnnmw mm Sweden Aida . - - Considerable displeasure was expressed re garding Sweden during parts of World War II, but in retrospective analysis and in current ac tivities it appears there is cause, too, for plaud its. Apparently authenticated statistics show that Sweden has contributed around $700,000,000 to relief work since the war began, part of it in credit to needyicountries, and that since the close of hostilities nearly 9000 Norwegian, Dutch, French and Belgian children have found haven in the largest non-belligerent nation of Europe. Seventy-five thousand Finnish children were taken: in while war still raged. Food has been shipped fr6m Sweden to Poland, Italy, France, Greece. Holland, Belgium. Rumania. Czecho slovakia, Croatia, Russia, Norway and Finland. Aid to German children also now is being extended under terms of an agreement with al lied authorities, and 60 Swedes, divided into 12-mah teams are setting-up relief centers In Berlin. Hamburc and the Ruhr where 50.000 to 100.000 young folk will receive medal treat ment and food allowances. The "Save the Chil-' dren" organization in Sweden has collected $8,000,000 or relief work. Whatever help the Nazis gained from Swed en, either voluntarily or by coercion," is" being offset 'somewhat in world judgment now by the country's acknowledged efforts to aid in vitally - needed rehabilitation of the stricken continent. Mr. President, I say frankly, at the outset, that I return from London with mixed emotions, I re turn with no illusions that automatic peace awaits tho world Just because the machinery of the United Nations is now in gear. But I , return .also wijh an over-riding conviction, even more emphatic than before, that the world's only hope of organized peace and security is inseverably linked with tho evolution and the destiny of this United Nations j .Organization. I return in tho convinced belief that the more complex or ominous tha world's inter national relations may become, in that same degree the er eater becomes the critical need that tho peace-loving peoples -of the earth shall strive to Tflf I It At"! 11 make this enterprise succeed. I return in the belief llw JT that it can succeed unless Russia, Britain, and the a rf rif"ifr United States, individually or collectively, make! UIUtJUJl it impossible. i Does Not Share Melancholy Pessimism I can share your disappointments over some phases of the London record. I can ..share your anxieties over some of its' disturbing trends. I can share your desires that the San Francisco Charter should be improved in ceYtaln aspects. I intend to speak frankly about some of these things. But I cannot and I do not share the melancholy pes simism, heard in some quarters, that the United Nations, as a result of this experience, will be un able to cope with world realities as disclosed in current history. It would be silly to ignore the hazards. It would be sillier to Ignore vindicated Hopes. The amazing thing is not that t London there were areas of disagreement but that the aress of agreement were so vast and so significant . . . . Now, Mr. President, let us look st London. In 97 days tho United Nations turned' a blueprint into a going concern. It turned an ideal Into a reality. On January 10, 1946, we had only a pious dream. On February 18, 1940, wo had organized, in working detail, the complete -machinery for the General Assembly, for the Security Council, for the Court of International Justice, for the Social and Economic Council, and for the function ing of every instrument of peace which the Senate envisioned when it underwrote this dream last July with but two dissenting votes. On January 10 we had a scrap of paper. In 37 days we gave it life. The supreme need, in the name of flesh and blood and human hearts and hopes, is thst it shall not return to the status of a scrap of paper. No Suspicion of Insincerity, Sabotage P There was sharp controversy and competition in some of these organizational decisions. But all of them were accepted, in good spirit by all cont cerned. There . was not a suspicion of Insincerity or sabotage. - j All this involved great labor and tha composi tion of many differing points of view. For example, I was chairman of the. subcommittee which dealt with administration and with budgets. Starting from zero, we had to create the frame-work for a tremendous institution. Fifty-one nations, spanning the gamut of race, colon, language, and tradition, had to concur. They did with ultimate unanimity. I venture to ask.ith great respect, how long, and with what travail, it would have taken our own Congress to complete a comparable task. Obviously It was possible only with the highest degree of cooperation; wjth the best of mutual good will; and with a common dedication to common purpose. And it is highly significant that there were no exceptions to this rule. ; I should say, at this point, that UNO win be financed from a so-called working capital fund of $25,000,000; and' that its provisional I budget tot 1946, including the Court at The Hague, is $21 500,000. Our provisionsl share is 25 per cent. In , other words, the United States will spend for peace, on this account far less per annum than it spent! per hour on war. , ' I Organisational Phase Huse Soeeeaa So, Mr. President, let us put this first big entry in the credit ledger. When we look at London and ,at the first General Assembly of tho United Nations, let us remember that its organizational phase was a phenomenal success and a vigorous omen of ler?nt fation. which are the GRIN AND BEAR IT uieoiooa oi wis aaveniure in Denair oi the collec tive security for which men and women pray. In a hundred different tongues, at tho war-scarred hearthstones of tho world. ! Let us remember some other things about this first General Assembly. i Let us remember that it initiated tho joint studies which should leacTto the international control of atomic energy, on a basis requiring adequate and dependable security end inspection arrangements as a mandate prerequisite to any disclosures of any nature at any time. This is the way to save civiliza tion from the use of atomic energy as a lethal curse to humankind. Let us remember that this General Assembly this town meeting of the world sounded reveille against the famine which threatens countless peo ples with pitiful extermination. Let us remember that this General Assembly this vocal conscience of the earth unanimously offered new hope to dependent peoples everywhere through the expression of our mutual purpose to encourage itheir self-government. Assembly Pledged to Free Proas Let us remember that it pledged itself to en courage a world-wide free press through instrumen talities to be created at its next session in Septem ber. Blackouts and lrpn curtains are not tha insignia of liberty nor the trade-marks of peace. ' Let us remember, Mr. President, that this General Assembly has now put itself in full position to proceed hereafter to implement dynamic article -XIV of the Charter. This means thst it can recom mend the peaceful adjustment of any situation, re gardless of origin, which it deems likely to impair the general welfare or to infringe upon equal rights and self-determination of peoples. All this, and more, the General Assembly did An 37 days. Let us put this entry in I the credit ft VrONXRir TT4AT?A kTnT TO ) .- - - ttaJTOGfVE ALL YOUR TIME TO Setting a Precedent By W. G. Rogers J CLOAK AND DAGGER.: THE SE CRET STORY OF O. S. S, by Lt. Col. Corey Ford and MaJ. Aloa surfer Mac Bala (Randosa Hoasei The Office of Strategic Serv ices was as much a secret service to us as to our enemies, but now the secret is out. Under "Wild Bill" Donovan, tffeir boss, Incredibly brave young men were dispatched to the four corners of the world to spy on tha enemy, play havoc within' his lines, plan for full scale Allied advances. ' Many paid with their liver, among them the brilliant young Pittsburgh Harvard archaeolo gist Navy Lt James Harvey Gaul. Others suffered such tor tures ss we shudder to read about But they delivered the goods. They helped arrange for the sur render of the Italian fleet, almost wangled an early capitulation of 1,000,000 Germans in Italy, turn ed Thailand into a pro-Ally hot bed, befriended the Dalai Lama Of Tibet. This glorious story briskly told is the stuff of which youngsters dream. The authors stick to ex ploits and eschew OSS politics. THE CASE AGAINST THE NAZI WAS CRIMINALS, hy Robert H. Jackson (Knopf; 12). A historical document of prime importance, Justice Jackson's op ening statement for the U. S. at Nuernberg also happens to be concise, forceful, eloquent, beau tifully phrased, in short, a model of English. The wrongs he condemns were so abominable that "civilization cannot tolerate their being Ig nored because it cannot survive their being repeated." In claim ing tho international tribunal's right to pass judgment, he de clares; "Civilization asks wheth - er law Is so laggard as to bo ut terly' helpless to deal wth crimes of this magnitude by criminals of this order of importance.'' He traces the Nazi evil from its beginning thorugh the war years, and his charge is helpfully, and repugnantly, detailed. His address runs to some 90 pages. The book also contains a preface by Gordon Dearvof coun sel for the U. S., the Iistlof crimi nals, the indictment, the U. S.French-British-Soviet agreement for the prosecution and punish-' ment of tho major war criminals, and photographs. News Behind the News By PAUL MALLON (Distributed by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction in whole or in paVt strictly prohibited.) WASHINGTON, March 5 State Secretary Byrnes has been more friendly to the Soviets on tho inside than in the public, view. He has been active in off - the - rec ord' talks with newsmen to press .the point that this gov ernment had nothing what ever to do with the atom - spy case agsinst Russis, presented by Canada. Mr. Byrnes has claimed he and Mr. Truman did not in any way cooperate with Canada, and knew nothing of what was afoot, aside from a mention of the matter, months ago, when Prime Minister MacKenzie King suggested the evidence he had then al hand to the president. This was during the Attlee visit to Washington last fall. The mere mention a few days ago that the Americans might have been involved in the investiga tion of possible loss of their own secret through Canada, sent him Into spasms of off-the-record dismay and denial. The reporter who asked him the question up on the basis of information ob tained from Canada, had to explain his source apologetically. Established as Neutral In the world of diplomacy be yond the public eye then, Byrnes has firmly established himself in the position that he is a neu tral as between Bevin and Mos cow. He has been urging the press to "atop picking on Rus sia." About a week ago, I heard rumblings from the Byrnes sanc tum that a firming of American policy toward Russia was at hand. Since then, he has criti cized Russian tactics in the far east h I m s e 1 f publicly, thus causing newsmen to grumble that his policy now is to let no one criticize except himself. But personally I believe a change is coming. Mr. Byrnes was not accomplishing anything the way ho was going. His ac tivities were not popular in con gress where his appropriations sre being cut. He built up this winter a new policy based large ly on saying "yes" to Russis and caused all America (indeed, the world) to start wondering what would happen the first time he would say "no." A world order built on yeses can Jast no longer than the first no. Rumors Ignore Facts As the people could plainly see the flimsiness of the card house of peace which Byrnes had been building, some cur rency has been granted rumors of war by some people one widely circulated holds Russia will invade Turkey and' Britain win go to ner assistance; an other that communist fighting in China will bring us to her aid. These rumors wholly Ignore tthc fact that we have demobl lized and the British are not strong enough to fight anyone in the rumored zones of the near east and China. If these suggestions of Rus sian aggression have any sound ness at all or even remote pos sibilitieswe are not only pur suing an Ineffective foreign pol icy, but the wrong military policy. Pearl Harbor should have taught us to be less sleepy or rather to be less self-centered in our own hopes, thoughts and problems, to the exclusion of what the other fellow is thinking and doing. Russia Still Mobilised Russia has not demobilized. We do not know much of what is going on inside Russia her self, but our official eye has seen that the 2,000,000 Russian troops in the occupied zones, unlike our troops, do not wish to go home. Apparently they like it better outside. Also for many months, Russia has had a for midable army on the Manchur ian border or in north China, and on the Turkish border. I do not anticipate war. It is un thinkable that Moscow would embark upon Hitleresque ag gressions. Like people generally, I resolve all doubts in favor of what I want, and do not feel it comfortable to expect war. Yet the plain inner and outer facts today show me that I must pre pare or be ready for what I do not want. These facts of today can be simply summarized in two conclusions; A satisfactory way of dealing Defense Tells, Of Oyster Seed Sale to Errion PORTLAND, Ore., March 5-OP) A defense withes told a federal court today he had sold 20,000 strings of oyster seed to Edgar Robert Errion, Salem, one of four men charged with mail fraud in connection with a Coos Bay oy ster farm. Fred W. Wiegart, Ocean Park, said cost of planting an acre of oysters averages about $300 and that the normal cash return from an acre should be about $3000. Glenn De Haven, Dallas, presi dent of the Oyster Growers asso ciation formed to manage the Coos Bay holdings for worried oyster bed owners, reported the 1945 harvest netted about 24,000 bushels, valued at $75,000. Under cross examination . by Assistant U.S. Attorney Mason Dillard, De Haven said this would probably net $4 to $7 a bed. Earlier, the prosecution had rested its case after submitting articles of incorporation of seven corporations entered into by the four defendants. Tho government accuses Errion and Glenn R. Munkers, of Salem, and P. E. Blackman and James R. Barton, of Portland, in 11 in dictments of obtaining $300,000 in fraudulently misrepresenting tho oyster enterprise' in- sales to Oregon and Washington invest ors. 6 Permits Total $222,359 for Local Building J Building permits for the month $222,359 with permits numbering 97, according to the city engineer's office. Of this total, $207,079 was for new construction ands $15,280 for alterations. This compares with s record January total of $459,571, largest since the month construc tion started on the- new capitol in 1938. Largest permit issued Tuesday was to J. D. Bruce for a house at 2280 Mission st. at an estimated cost of $6800. Other residence per mits were issued to Marie Thomp son for s $5000 house st 985 Acad emy st. and to Earnest Elfstrom for a $3000 residence at 2490 N. 4th t. Permission was given to Earl Crom for a garage and utility room at 945; Norway st. for $500; and to Adolph and Waters for $50 alterations to an office at 3314 State st Other sltersUon permits were issued to Anna Templer for $100 repairs to a dwelling at 1127 Shipping st. and to Emma Tehelka for $400 repairs to a dwelling at 1440 N. Church sL New Education Leader Assumes State Post Elvin R. Urdahl, until recently of Bozeman, Mont., Tuesday ss sumed his new duties as state supervisor of distribution educa tion in the state division of voca tional education. Urdahl has had 1 1 years experi ence in this work. By Lichty The Safety Valve LETTERS FROM STATESMAN READERS ledger (Continued tomorrow) "Oh, them? We rented them the recreation room for $50 a month Flgmewton and 1 figure we can have more fan on $59 than we eonld In the roem!" WEAK AND FOOLISH? To the Editor: Is history going to repeat it self again with two instead of 20 years between wars? Our government loaned (?) Ger many money to help prepare for the war, sold Japan war mater ial until she was ready to attack us, meanwhile making almost no preparations ourselves. Rus sia now la being treated in the same manner. The -president secretly gsve his consent for her to seize Manchuria, (which they now are looting snd fast making into, a "soviet''). Meanwhile, Roosevelt and Churchill pro claimed their wonderful (but impractical) "Four Freedoms." They are like Wilson's "Self De termination of Nations," ideal in theory but impractical and each caused much world unrest and trouble. Russia has recently twice; fir ed on our planes. The last time we were not even within the three mile limit an act of war. We, as usual, "protest" and offer her a billion dollar loan! Are they trying to provoke another war, for which they alone are preparing in order to give them a chance to seize the rest of "the world? They now have a large part of it. There is no doubt in my mind, that Russian money and secret influence is behind much of our strike trou ble. It is well known that their workers are instructed to fo ment trouble in "capitalistic countries" and the Russian peo ple are constantly being warned that we are trying to injure them and are their enemies, while we continue to promulgate and practice a one-sided "Gold en Rule" policy this to the Asi atic mind showing that we are weak and foolish. (And I won der if we are not).' J. E. PUTNAM. Part of Umatilla Project Offered In Surplus Sale A section of tho Umatilla ord nance depot project, located on the Columbia river north of Her miston, has been offered for sale as surplus property, Governor Earl Snell was advised" Tuesday by the general land office, depart ment of the interior. The area, comprising about 82T acres, is provided with a perma nent spring snd government dug well. Information regarding the project may be obtained from tho disposal officer, department of the interior, general land office, Port land. Priorities on the sale will bo in effect until April 24, with gov ernment agencies, former owners, tenants, veterans, non-profit insti tutions and others receiving first call opportunities. Error Made in Kidnap Story; " Father in Army A recent Statesman story relat ing to a justice court case in which Mrs. Nadino Fitzhugh was charged with kidnaping her own son from his grandparents' home st Gold Beach, Curry county, er roneously said the boy's father was received at the Oregon state penitentiary a few days previously-Subsequent investigation hero indicated that tho boy's father is Melvin Fitzhugh who is in mili tary service. Tho man received at the penitentiary was Lloyd Fitzhugh, under sentence from Marion county. The error was sttributed to a misunderstanding on the part of an officer, a similarity of names, and the fact that the cases involv ing Nsdine Fitzhugh snd Lloyd Fitzhugh originated here at about the same time. ' Justice of the Peace Joseph Fel ton released the woman on her own recognizance, on condition that she return the child to the Curry county district attorney. QMEOB (Continued from page 1) city administration, under their manager plan. Oregon City is out of debt. Bend and LaGrando are well pleased with this form of government. Eugene and Cooa Bay sprung to lt two years ago. We shall find In the years im mediately ahead a real need for expert and centralized adminis tration to enable Salem to keep it's place among the cities of Oregon. Surely tho expressions of interest in the plan are enough to warrant eight councilmen to agree to letting the people vote on it. There is Usno yet to get it on the May ballot. BEHEADED BODIES FOUND MANILA. Wednesday, March I -Bodies of five . American missionaries, beheaded by Japan ese military police Aug. 23, 1944, were discovered today in Manila's north cemetery. A Manila dentist identified, the . bodies. 1 - ' with Russia has not yet been found. Until it is found, we can have no confidence in the peace. Therefore, ;a reconsideration not only of foreign policy, but Of related military and domestic tactics, would seem to be a pri mary order of: pending govern-, ment business. According to report the min ority on the vote on the manager plan swuwg in reprisal to vote sgsinst Councilman Lewis's pro posal for a charter change to ex clude the fire chief and tho police chief from the civil ser vice. The need for this hss long been recognized because of tho very narrow provision of . the civil service amendment. Right now the need Is pressing bo cause of tho vacancy in the of fiee of fire chief. The city ad . ministration should have broad latitude in hiring a man for this important office; and tho char ter should be amended to pro vide it There may ba some duplica tion between the two proposed amendments, the former includ ing the change which the latter specifically would legalize. But there need be no conflict in put ting both on -tho ballot. Tho Lewis amendment should bo re vived in time for a vote in May. The public, the long-suffering and usually silent public, should' be heard in the next few days indicating to councilmen their sttitude on these questions. Members voting in favor of sub mitting a plan for simplified ad ministration were: Chambers, French, Gille, Msple, Perry. Members voting sgainst were: Acklin, Brers. Forknor, Jorgen son, Lewis, Mitchell and RIgdon. Absent were O'Hara and Armstrong. STEVENS - aa . a m r iamoml Diamonds Reset While You Wai' rnosM 1111 We have a large selection of fine mountings . . f with er without side stones. Budget Faymeats Id 119 Cnri SI