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I-
JUL
(Story in Column 8)
.1
1
feCUNDDD T 1651
NINETY-FIFTH YEAH ;
19 PAGES
Salem, Dragon, Friday Morning, December 7, 1345
Price 5c
IIo; 219
A
I JiA
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iif - ; - i ; - i - -1 i
- --. -- -- ' -l i -: - I ---! - I
". -- - - . .It -
TH-f
SMTQ6S
TO ODE
1
t ...- i .---. . . i - . . ' ...' . , .
i , . . .... . . ... 3 . . :. i
The last big bulwark oi inde
"pendent banking upstate, the First
National bank of Eugene, hat fall
en to system ownership. The vet
eran Eugene institution with , as
sets of over S40 million becomes
through transfer of stock the prop
erty of Trans america corporation
which controls the First National
.bank of Portland and has large
Interest in the Bank of America,
at last reports the largest private
financial institution in the United
, States. !,
Undoubtedly the feeling at Eu
gene Is something Akin to that in
' Salem when the ! Ladd & Bush
bank was sold to the United States
. National bank of Portland. It is as
though there had been a "death
in -the family."
: The general public doesn't like
chain banks. Control is remote,
lending policies are more rigid.
There la more frequent change In
'managerial positions; fewer home
'eoDle sit at the official desks.
Nevertheless the expansion of
branch banking has certain in
exorability about it which can be
explained even if it be deplored.
.The banking crisis of the U30's
" forced the closure of many banks,
and the two big Portland institu-
tion merely moved Into bank-less
' towns and provided banking serv
ice. Many banks which did sur
vive were absorbed when attrac
tive offers were made for their
stock.
Consider the situation of the
principal owner of an independent
. bank. The time inevitably comes
1 when he must lay aside the
(Continued on editorial page)
i
Hurlev Blames
M
Stormy weather doesn't halt 24-hevr day, seven-day week operations
at the 8alem alumina plant. nr did it deter (left to right) Sen.
Gay Cordon, Got. Earl Snell and J. Gallagher, president of Colum
bia Metals corporation, Seattle, from an inspection tour of I the
.factory Thsraday. W. R. ,Sey fried, who Boanares the plant (at the
extreme left) tUostrates one ef the processes.
Cordon, Snell Irispcicf j
Salem Alumina Plant
The alumina-from-clay process
is a great,, new field, with many
possibilities and it is important
that the process be worked out
here, Sen. : Guy "Cordon said
Thursday as he inspected the new
14,500,000 Salem plant He was
accompanied by Gov. Earl Snell
and a group of approximately 40
Portland, Longview, and - local
business men. When substantial
production - of - alumina would
come, be added, was a guess. .
The group was shown through
the plant by W. R. Seyfrled, lo
cal manager, who explained that
this is the first plant of its type
and "every step is new." He told
of a casting that cracked and of
other troubles that were slowing
up completion of the process.
Admitting it might be years
before the process could be prov
ed satisfactory or unsatis
Dr. Paul J. Raver, Bonneville; ad
ministrator, declared "Thel north-
west should be watching with in-
U. S. Had
- . j . -
!' '' I - ' .' ! .(' - . .
ifihti To
Dull Blow
i; !
Marshall lAvers
Harbor StrengtH
' Was Sufficient!
f B William T. Peacock
WASHINGTON, Iec. .-(iP)-General
George Gr-Marshall tes
tified today that theVapaaese, in.
assaultihg Pearl Harbor Dec;
1941, took so tremendous a gam
ble that be drdn't .thttflc they
would try. it I ! "
The. retired chiel of staff told
the Joint committee ' investigating
ScSeiriitis4s Foresee Aomni Foveir Noose
as 6aB? iri . Neair Faa4uir& waits
1 .-
General
I--
terest because II this is a sue
cess it is the biggest thing, tiap- the disaster that there were for-
penmg in northwest industry. ! It ces at the Pacific base sufficient
would be the basis for art entire
new industrial development
; The plant's current production
of amnioniiun' sulphate , fertilizer
is ,1 extremely important to
with the! current crops, : Cordon
said, especially the "high-priced
seed crops," since it Voulq be
some tittle before fertilizers oould
be shipned in from outside the
state. Seyfried placed the current
production of the sulphate at 180
to have disrupted Ithe enemy
thrust Such a result he said,
would , -have ruined the whole
Japanese campaign! of aggression!
"Non-faiertness in Hawaii,', he
said, was the reason for both the
attack and its success. He test!
fied that the prowling enemy
fleet could have been recalled be
fore the attack if the Japanese
learned ithe defenders were ready,
Marjshall said . th& risks of I the
tons a djfty and said it would be attack were big hat he dijnot
raised to: 500 tons a day, all for actually! visualize it at that time,
distribution in this area.
- - -..
NEW YORK, Dec. (H-Nine.
leaders in the atomic bomb proj
ect, estimated ! variously, today
that - possibly in three and al
most certainly in 20 years we
could have atomic power capa
ble of competing with $15-a-ton
coaL ; .;-,,, j. - t
' In anf extraordinary sympo
sium, ' held on I the spotlighted
stage of the grand ballroom of
the Waldorf hotel, the scientists
outlined I in detail before , the
. t guessing ."how -aoonj. He placed!
bia estimate Jn "decades." - ; -;
-Jbnmediately, several.; of, Jila
--assistant! declared flatly he was
' "too pessimistic.'' t Dr. J. A.
Wheeler, professor' of; nuclear
physics at Princeton university,
declared the goal could be real
ized in from three' tot 10 years
under ideal circumstances. " .
Dr.-i James B. Conant presl
dent of Harvard university, acW
ing as moderator, drew zortn
60th, annual convention of the ..these answers in response to the
National ; Association I of I Manu
facturers the possibilities of
harnessing the atom for peace-'
time use. j ;:; S :
.MaJ. Gen. L. R. Groves, di-.
rector of the . entire bomb; de
velopment was top .man in
specific question of "how long'
will it take to develop an ato
mic 100,000 kilowatt hour -.power
plant that can compete with
one run by coal costing $15-a-ton?"
-.t .Wi'.-."-,- !!?
.. : Other points j stressed by the
atomic -headliners were that: I -
i Thei -problem of . producing 1
- atomic heat already has been i
solved at the big Hanford plant i
In Washington state.
One of the major difficulties
will be to protect the users ! of
atomic power from radio-active I
" harm. - . 1
The protective . devices must
be so heavy that an atomic 100
kilowatt hour power, plant
would weigh SO tons, thereby
. ruling out use in automobiles J (ff-LW Gen. Tomoyuki
have been developed that may maJwer in the Philippines, to-
result m revolutionary ,advance I day was convicted of cendon-
in ue medical and chemical .! . k
Five-General tJ.S.
llilitary Court
Gives Verdict
t - , - i .
MANILA, Friday, Dec 7.
fields, possibly throwing light
on the origin of life itself. 1
Pearl Harbor
Anniversary
UAW Rejects
'Defeat' in Iran Services Set
WASHINGTON, Dec. .-AV
Mai. Gen. Patrick J. Hurley as
serted today tkt American for
eign policy had been "defeated,
and charted It was an "inside
Job."
The former ambassador to Chi
na also told the senate foreign
relations committee that Under
secretary of State Dean Acheson
had played "a leading part" In
what Hurley termed destruction
of thia country's policy in Iran.
Hurley, who resigned his dip
lomatic post last week, did not
go into any particulars. He. said
simply (hat his accusations would
be borne out by documents he
had asked the state to produce.
, There was no indication whe
ther the documents will be intro-
PEARL HARBOR, Dec. 1-JP)
-While weeping skies Jhrew gray
gloom over Hawaii, servicemen
and civilians alike prepared to
pay tribute tomorrow to: those
who died "here under Japanese
planes four years ago in the at
tack that plunged the United
States into war. i
Servicemen and members' of
patriotic organizations will attend
the Halawa cemetery services to
be conducted by protestant Ca
tholic and Jewish faiths. Rear
Adm. E. W. Hanson, command
ant of the Pearl Harbor naval
base, will deliver an address. .
Pearl Harbor lay peaceful and
quiet in the rain. Only rusting
skeletons of parts of ships sunk
in the sneak raid marked virtual
destruction of a fleet that was to
be rebuilt into the mightiest sea
Wagie Increase
The general's testimony accom-
S.l i '-i'J 1J' panied fr&roduction;of documents
DETROIT, Dec. 6. -flV The 5Lm I Pri,w ni..T
night rejected a ' General JMetors
oner to rreinsxaie res oner foi ,,!nJl.i, i.-Ma, its
r'lrr Plement her forces;?
days agd
falter Reuther, UAW vice pres-
duced when Secretary of State
.Byrnes testifies before the com-force in the world.
tnittee tomorrow.
War Crime Counsel Stocks HigllCSt
Arrives in Tokyo Since Boom
TOKYO, Friday, Dec. NEW YORK, Dec. 6 -(P)- De-
Joseph B. Keenan arrived by man(i for steels, motors, aviations.
plane from Washington last night amusements and specialties today
to erve as General MacArthurs
staff counsel for the trials of
Jaoanese charged . with war
crimes.
A press release said he imme
diately would begin preparations
for the trials. He was accompa-
i tiled by two score assistants.
' PLANES MISSING j
MIAMI, Fla Dec. 6HPr-Mys-
! teriously swallowed up In the
swift dusk of the tropics, five na
vy torpedo bombers with 14 men
, aboard and a sixth navy rescue
. plane with 13 crew members were
the object of a great air-sea hunt
covering thousands : of square
'miles oil the Florida east coast
tonight 1 I j i
Animal Craclccrs
. By WARREN GOODRICH
1
helped lift the stock market to
15-year average peak; . although
considerable profit cashing accom
panied the drive and extreme
gains of 2 or more points were
reduced in most cases at the
close. . .... .
Buying inspiration: was based
partly on revived hopes of strike
settlements as . General Motors
and automotive' union officials re
sumed negotiations. Inflation psy
chology also was stressed as
trend prop In the wake of the
government's , living cost figures
and indications wage-price poli
cies would be permitted to ex
pand proportionately.
1 -
CRIMINAL UST.OUT
LONDON, Dec. MThe six
teenth war crimes list, bearing
1080 names, was issued tonight by
the - United Nations - war crimes
commission. The names were no'
made public!
I j Byrnes Signs Loan Document t;
."V " ' 1 '' ' I
.X'?S" . ?
by
though Ihis testimony recounted
that fori 18 months beforehand he
had been concerned over Ithe
Christmas possibility of a sur
prise raid and nad . been taxing
precautions j against; it
Questions had lust gotten down
to the happenings in Washington
on Deal 6-7 when the committee
recessed! until tomorrow. I "
Supplement British; , .TWASHINGTON, Dec 6. Secretary of State Byrnes, (second from right) signs agreement for $4,400,-
ident told -a press conference lifter
the meeting between GM ?and
UAW officials adjourned' fthej
strike conunues witn no cnange
in 'status.? ' . U ; !.
That memorandum b o r e ; no
date j biit Gerhard I Gesell, com
mittee counsel, said lit apparently.
was written in the summer of
1941, before we were in the war.
The chief of staff proposed to
prepare task forces! for bases in
the British Isles and to "secure,
' 1 3 j j 1 Lkm M .1 j;
Both GM and UAW spokesmen I J H a?
tZ X?- .f wn opportumty Offers," addi
tiohal: bases encircling Germany,
''Germany cannot be defeated
Harryw. Anderson, GM fvice y bpy of munitions to friend-
velt's secret files, including aXFred M. Vinson. (AP Wirephoto)
memorandum from Marshall say-1
00,000 loan to Great Britain by the United States during ceremony at state department here today.
Left to right are: Lord Keynes, chief adviser to British financial mission -which negotiated loan; Earl
ef. Halifax, British ambassador to, U. S.; Secretary of State Byrnes ami U. S. Secretary of Treasury
G. ofrC; Urgs
Barraeks fori
Housing Plan
Moving to have barracks at the
Salem army airbase (McNary
field), recently declared surplus
by the army, , turned into a j vet
erans housing unit, Salem Cham
ber of Commerce is broaching the
matter to Sen. Guy Coron while
he is in the west ! S :
in
Umax
ess
Over Mammoth British Loan
ii
WASHINGTON, Dec. e.-CSVThe Truman adrnmistration
agreed today to grant Britain a $4,400,000,000 credit in return
for British steps to promote world trade and battle line.im- j Denlea Responsibility
tad i sentenced ; to death
hanging. -
-Maj. Gen. Russell B. Reynolds,
president of the five-general mil
itary' court which tried Yamashi
ta, read the verdict - .
Just before -' the ; verdict was
read, j Yamashita through an in
terpreter made a short statement
in which he said: j '
"My conscience is clear, j I want
to thank the, commission i for a
fair triaL" S :
Nearly 200 prosecution witness
es ini three weeks of testimony
related story after story of mass .
horrors - - rape, cremation! alive
by firing gasoline and other atro
cities --committed by Yama&hi
ta's troops. , , j.
Unusual Charge -1
' Yamashita never once was ac
cused of personally caving! harm-
ed anyone, nor of having wit-"
nessed any of the uncounted bru
talities charged to troops jof his
command. j
. -He lwas accused, liowever, by
witnesses who were close to him,
of never once having lifted a fin
ger to prevent atrocities, j
Yamashita was me first of. the
top, : Japanese accused ' as ' war
criminals to be tried. - ' j '
' In; his own behalf,- Yamashita
denied that he even knew Of such
atrocities as he heard described
daily in the courtroom. His de
fense was that he was too busy
trying futflely to defend the Phil
ippines to know what was, going
on in prisoner of war or internee
camps, or in Manilla itself as that
city became a battleground.
said, however, that . another; ne
gotiating session would be held
president said in a prepared slate- Powers and air and naval op
ment wt)e offer to the auto work- erations alone," Marshall wrote,
ers was: made on a 10 per cent "large ground forces will be re-
basis subject to a final adjustment h"w- i
after detailed analysis." . - aqo ra rniuppmes
Reuther, commenting; on I the He also suggested! speeding the
company offer, declared, "the. cor- increase; of air powers in the Phil-1 returning here or coming to Sd
poration t still refuses to discuss I ippmea )and small increases m I lem to take employment They
arithmetic and the fact that abUity ground piny lorcesand equip- would be availably only to vet
Ply STlpuld be a factor in wage, men ro-resxram wapan rrom aa- erans. Without considerable! ex
discussions. 5 4 I t Ivance into Malaysia or eastern I penditure. l they ! probably i could
We still maintains that an fade- Siberia."! ! not be considered really desirable
quate wage to settle this strike is Another document from the living quarters, but they wou&l
a 30 per cent increase without I Roosevelt files covered the Ha- be shelter, and they do have icei-
Under: the plan proposed,! ac
cording to Chamber Manager
Clay Cochran, the barracks would
! be used i for a limited time, with
some adjustments, for . veterans
increase in prices."
waiian defense situation. It men
tioned the island of pahu as "De
tain minimum requirements for
decent and comfortable living, lie
lieved to be the strongest fortress pointed out Thursday.
in the world." Written across it
however, in what Gesell said was
the handwriting of the late Maj.
velt's military aide, was this no
tation:; J f ;
Planes Change Seen!
"Modern planes have complete
ly changed situation ,'as to the de-
fensibility."
That document, its source Un
as having
Until materials! can be secured
for a building i program, -they
would fill certain immediate
i !
Arguments Heard
In Chessman Case
Arguments in the suits bropght GenJ Hi M. Watson! Mr. Roose- housing needs, he; suggestedi
published - to forci Merle Chess
man, Astoria publisher, and Earl
Hill, Lane county representative,
out of their respective appointive
positions on state highway and fish
commissions were heard Thursday
by Marion Circuit Judge George
ri: in. ou i,L. shown, Jwas marked
advisement by Duncan, who ask- d Ma 3 1941
ed the briefs be filed in 10 days.
The plaintiff charges that fnen
serving in the state legislature! are
forbidden by the. state's consutu
It (detailed a program for
bringing any enemy lunder attack
from; four-engine bombers 750
miles a'ay, with the full fury of
tion to erve on aa'ministrative air defepse to be applied when an
boards. - - f axxagpt wiuun uu nmc.
'What Next Corporal Harg6
Premiere Slated Tonight at Gapitol Theatre
Tm (grriBly fond of yoa,
Jottt but couldn't you mv
tf crou iust. a liltlt
Final premier for the Victory !
Loan will be staged tonight at the
Capitol theatre, featuring '"What
Next,- Corporal Hargrove?" The
show begins at i:30 o clock, top
ping Salem's observance of Pearl
Harbor day. ' u
Tickets are still available at all
bond-issuing agencies, and E-bond
purchasers are urged to get theirs
as early as possible, (hose coming
first getting the tickets. Only ad
mission is by ticket showing pur
chase of an bond in some de
nomination. .
Not only is this an opportunity
to see fine entertainment 5 the
picture is heralded as the best of
the Hargrove films but It Is an
i Victery loan bond sales e '
titer " r -' l j w: :S : 1
i TotaL all Issnes, $2,391,
70SJ eat ef noU ef J2,690,-
oo.. ' ; i I 1
Series eat ef quota of th
150.000 $Z70.711 worth to be
old by efficial close ef Ylf
tery Lean Saturday night).
opportunity for Salem' and Mar
ion county to make the final; big
spurt to put over the county's E-
bond quota before Saturday night,
Victory Loan workers declare.
The county sull needs more than
1270,000 to do so. E-bond sales for
the Wednesday night premiere at
the Elsinore amounted to $238,-
250 and it is the hope the Capitol
show totals will be even greater. J xrr' .1 L
The Capitol theatre will sell WcaUier
bonds tip to show time for those
unable to get them earlier. -
The six candidates! in the Mar
ion county victory ijoan queen i sn rrmncisco
contest Will make their final pub
lic appearance at tonight's show,
the group to be introduced from
the stage at 8:45 o clock. .
Rita Orson to
Call It Quits
HOLLYWOOD,' Dec 6-(ff0rTh
honeymoori was iover today; for
Rita Hayworth and Orson Welles.
The glamour girl said she would
divorce her husband after : two
vears! of married; life. :. ti;V i
Miss Hayworth's decision! end
ed one of Hollywood's most; Stor
ied marriages. Their romance
flourished In the fall of 1943 while
Welles ' was operating a magfic
show for servicemen in Holly-
wood. ; t -f
In December- of the previous
year Rita had announced: tnat
she hoped to marry Victor Mature
when; the war was over and he
was out of the coast guard. Holly
wood' circles recalled the i inci
dent only last week when Welles
exchanged 'glares in a sight club
with Mature, now discharged.
Salem
Eugene -
roruana
Sattl
Max,
M
49 :
- M
m. 50
65 .
44
48
43
';'!. 43 ,
Xata
- ,T5
.T3
JO
Trace
U7i11rBa rhM ft
TORSCAST (torra Ui. Weatlw bi
beau. McNary fieM. Salem); cloudy
thia forenoon, partly cloudy in aftei
noon, occasional m'rtxt today. Max
imum iemper;u7.
mediately formed in congress.
The British promised to carry out a broad program of com-
i i mi ii im
congress approved the credits.
The "if may be a big one.
Even before the official announce
ment was released at 3:30 pjn.
some congressmen were on their
feet in both chambers with ob
jections. ' : .
In the house. Rep. Celler CD-
NY) shouted that the loan "will
promote too damned much social
ism at home and too 1 damned
much imperialism abroad. Rep.
Short (R-Mo) asserted he would
not vote one dollar "as long as
they've got the crown Jewels in
London. i -
But Senator Hill (D-Ala), ma
jority whip, told reporters:
The loaji should be made;: In
making it we are promoting the
interests' of the United States as
well as the stability and peace of
the world.'
He also -contended that he was .
only indirectly responsible aa
commander, for he was subject tor
orders from Tokyo and from
Count Terauchi, 1 commander of
the southern regions, which in
cluded Manila. ' , i
.The picture drawn by ptosecu-
crowded courtroom stunned.
Much was told by survivors still
bearing the marks of brutal treat
merit on their bodies. Some of .
MacArthur'j headquarters an-Lv . ,Am -J ,K;,
nounced in its newest order that d m butcnery dv.
2S tJ wept as theySed. Sev-
tTw -- Z mZLT, eral became hysterical and fran-
bomb will he taken from Japan ucallj cursed Yamashita. j
even If it means shipping such t j
minerals out of the country. Wher- m tvt - j t
ever possible, mining of such min- LHaillS iNeedea Oil
All mining will be limited to peace MOimtaill KoaClS
time needs and research for war
will be outlawed. - ;
Japs to Lose
Mineral Ores
General MacArthur today took
steps to make certain that Japan
the country that shuddered nder
two atomic bombs never can de
velop an atomic bomb of its own.
swlinsr dantiam U
Of Army E
aims
Life
ngineer s
Worker
Motorists traveling mountain
roads must use chains, state high
way commission offices here warn
ed Thursday. j 1
There Is packed snow on all
mountain passes,; On coast: high
way, ;a fill settled one-half mile
north of Manzanita junctiod fore
ing one-way traffic. j
f
Swollen waters of the Santiam
river claimed the life of a 66-year-
old ' army- engineer's aide lite
Thursday afternoon and sent an
other member of a river-sounding
party to the hospital suffering
from shock and possible back or
internal injuries. ; ' v t
1 Clarence E. Butts, 68, ' wa
drowned when four employes of
the U erigineerS were catapult
ed into the high, and debris-strewn
waters as their motor-driven row-
boat was approaching shore, IMt
miles southeast of Jefferson. His
body had not been recovered this
morning. -; :zj t'' -Ti;
; George "W. Scott, Jr complain
ing of pains in his back, was re
moved from the Santiam's bank
nearly four hours .after he went
into the stream and was taken to
Albany General hospital on order
of Marion , eountyi sheriffs depu
ties, summoned to the scene.
f Delays In making telephone con
nections with Chief Engineer
WechteT' in Albany explained a
portion of the lost time between
the capsizing of the boat (between
4 and 430 pjn.) 'and the calling
of the ambulance (8:35 pjn.) but
members' of the party were unable
to tell Sheriffs Deputies James! J.
Garvin and Harlan MT Bones ! or
Deputy District Attorney Law
rence Osterman . how long they
were in the water. I
C. W. Moore, party chief, with
the help of Nick Hatch; aide, pull
ed Scott from the water. They said
they had not seen Butts after their
overturned boat struck a drift fof
logs; They were returning to lapd
at dusk after completing their
day's : assignment on the - river,
where they : bad - been . obtaining
soundings as' part' of a-survey in
the Santiam-Sweet Home reser
voir flood control project. All the
men hare been stationed otAi
bany. -y.--- : ":-t :v v "--; --The
boat struck a whirlpool ap
proximately . 1 miles downriver
from Green's bridge Just as the
outboard motor died 'and the lit
tle vessel overturned. Butts may
have been caught in the whirl
pool or may have bees struck by
the logs; all the men wore life
jackets, Moore said. .Wechter said
it was approximately 7 p.m. when
he was reached. ' -( '!;
i Sheriffs men expect to retuirn
to the river today to eontinue a
earda for the body. j;
PARENTS FAVOR DRAFT
. KANSAS CITY, Dec 6 -
The board of managers of tne Na
tional ' Congress - of Parents and
Teachers went on record at the
closing session of their conference
today favoring continuation of the
selective, service act ' U
HEY.'vAKE UP!CHARliEf
Y0UVECfILY60TJ
SHOPPING CAYS
LEFT tWTtL
CHRISTMAS
- t