f !-. - . r " I ' ..v 1 1 : ; -'I '-15 o:;"Xt-- ';.;-' 4 :f 9 , ? i I J - " 1 -i I . ; pi 1 I ' ( -.. f i, it ... . " j j - I 1 -- .;- I S,-"-, !.. . ? . .. - -, - ,,- ' J -vv--....v.., v-.f . -,-1,,- .,.-. . - j h- , ; f ! h - ' 1 ! ' ' 1 ; i ' j . ! err I- JUL (Story in Column 8) .1 1 feCUNDDD T 1651 NINETY-FIFTH YEAH ; 19 PAGES Salem, Dragon, Friday Morning, December 7, 1345 Price 5c IIo; 219 A I JiA r - ? - - - - - - - - - ' i iif - ; - i ; - i - -1 i - --. -- -- ' -l i -: - I ---! - I ". -- - - . .It - TH-f SMTQ6S TO ODE 1 t ...- i .---. . . i - . . ' ...' . , . i , . . .... . . ... 3 . . :. i The last big bulwark oi inde "pendent banking upstate, the First National bank of Eugene, hat fall en to system ownership. The vet eran Eugene institution with , as sets of over S40 million becomes through transfer of stock the prop erty of Trans america corporation which controls the First National .bank of Portland and has large Interest in the Bank of America, at last reports the largest private financial institution in the United , States. !, Undoubtedly the feeling at Eu gene Is something Akin to that in ' Salem when the ! Ladd & Bush bank was sold to the United States . National bank of Portland. It is as though there had been a "death in -the family." : The general public doesn't like chain banks. Control is remote, lending policies are more rigid. There la more frequent change In 'managerial positions; fewer home 'eoDle sit at the official desks. Nevertheless the expansion of branch banking has certain in exorability about it which can be explained even if it be deplored. .The banking crisis of the U30's " forced the closure of many banks, and the two big Portland institu- tion merely moved Into bank-less ' towns and provided banking serv ice. Many banks which did sur vive were absorbed when attrac tive offers were made for their stock. Consider the situation of the principal owner of an independent . bank. The time inevitably comes 1 when he must lay aside the (Continued on editorial page) i Hurlev Blames M Stormy weather doesn't halt 24-hevr day, seven-day week operations at the 8alem alumina plant. nr did it deter (left to right) Sen. Gay Cordon, Got. Earl Snell and J. Gallagher, president of Colum bia Metals corporation, Seattle, from an inspection tour of I the .factory Thsraday. W. R. ,Sey fried, who Boanares the plant (at the extreme left) tUostrates one ef the processes. Cordon, Snell Irispcicf j Salem Alumina Plant The alumina-from-clay process is a great,, new field, with many possibilities and it is important that the process be worked out here, Sen. : Guy "Cordon said Thursday as he inspected the new 14,500,000 Salem plant He was accompanied by Gov. Earl Snell and a group of approximately 40 Portland, Longview, and - local business men. When substantial production - of - alumina would come, be added, was a guess. . The group was shown through the plant by W. R. Seyfrled, lo cal manager, who explained that this is the first plant of its type and "every step is new." He told of a casting that cracked and of other troubles that were slowing up completion of the process. Admitting it might be years before the process could be prov ed satisfactory or unsatis Dr. Paul J. Raver, Bonneville; ad ministrator, declared "Thel north- west should be watching with in- U. S. Had - . j . - !' '' I - ' .' ! .(' - . . ifihti To Dull Blow i; ! Marshall lAvers Harbor StrengtH ' Was Sufficient! f B William T. Peacock WASHINGTON, Iec. .-(iP)-General George Gr-Marshall tes tified today that theVapaaese, in. assaultihg Pearl Harbor Dec; 1941, took so tremendous a gam ble that be drdn't .thttflc they would try. it I ! " The. retired chiel of staff told the Joint committee ' investigating ScSeiriitis4s Foresee Aomni Foveir Noose as 6aB? iri . Neair Faa4uir& waits 1 .- General I-- terest because II this is a sue cess it is the biggest thing, tiap- the disaster that there were for- penmg in northwest industry. ! It ces at the Pacific base sufficient would be the basis for art entire new industrial development ; The plant's current production of amnioniiun' sulphate , fertilizer is ,1 extremely important to with the! current crops, : Cordon said, especially the "high-priced seed crops," since it Voulq be some tittle before fertilizers oould be shipned in from outside the state. Seyfried placed the current production of the sulphate at 180 to have disrupted Ithe enemy thrust Such a result he said, would , -have ruined the whole Japanese campaign! of aggression! "Non-faiertness in Hawaii,', he said, was the reason for both the attack and its success. He test! fied that the prowling enemy fleet could have been recalled be fore the attack if the Japanese learned ithe defenders were ready, Marjshall said . th& risks of I the tons a djfty and said it would be attack were big hat he dijnot raised to: 500 tons a day, all for actually! visualize it at that time, distribution in this area. - - -.. NEW YORK, Dec. (H-Nine. leaders in the atomic bomb proj ect, estimated ! variously, today that - possibly in three and al most certainly in 20 years we could have atomic power capa ble of competing with $15-a-ton coaL ; .;-,,, j. - t ' In anf extraordinary sympo sium, ' held on I the spotlighted stage of the grand ballroom of the Waldorf hotel, the scientists outlined I in detail before , the . t guessing ."how -aoonj. He placed! bia estimate Jn "decades." - ; -; -Jbnmediately, several.; of, Jila --assistant! declared flatly he was ' "too pessimistic.'' t Dr. J. A. Wheeler, professor' of; nuclear physics at Princeton university, declared the goal could be real ized in from three' tot 10 years under ideal circumstances. " . Dr.-i James B. Conant presl dent of Harvard university, acW ing as moderator, drew zortn 60th, annual convention of the ..these answers in response to the National ; Association I of I Manu facturers the possibilities of harnessing the atom for peace-' time use. j ;:; S : .MaJ. Gen. L. R. Groves, di-. rector of the . entire bomb; de velopment was top .man in specific question of "how long' will it take to develop an ato mic 100,000 kilowatt hour -.power plant that can compete with one run by coal costing $15-a-ton?" -.t .Wi'.-."-,- !!? .. : Other points j stressed by the atomic -headliners were that: I - i Thei -problem of . producing 1 - atomic heat already has been i solved at the big Hanford plant i In Washington state. One of the major difficulties will be to protect the users ! of atomic power from radio-active I " harm. - . 1 The protective . devices must be so heavy that an atomic 100 kilowatt hour power, plant would weigh SO tons, thereby . ruling out use in automobiles J (ff-LW Gen. Tomoyuki have been developed that may maJwer in the Philippines, to- result m revolutionary ,advance I day was convicted of cendon- in ue medical and chemical .! . k Five-General tJ.S. llilitary Court Gives Verdict t - , - i . MANILA, Friday, Dec 7. fields, possibly throwing light on the origin of life itself. 1 Pearl Harbor Anniversary UAW Rejects 'Defeat' in Iran Services Set WASHINGTON, Dec. .-AV Mai. Gen. Patrick J. Hurley as serted today tkt American for eign policy had been "defeated, and charted It was an "inside Job." The former ambassador to Chi na also told the senate foreign relations committee that Under secretary of State Dean Acheson had played "a leading part" In what Hurley termed destruction of thia country's policy in Iran. Hurley, who resigned his dip lomatic post last week, did not go into any particulars. He. said simply (hat his accusations would be borne out by documents he had asked the state to produce. , There was no indication whe ther the documents will be intro- PEARL HARBOR, Dec. 1-JP) -While weeping skies Jhrew gray gloom over Hawaii, servicemen and civilians alike prepared to pay tribute tomorrow to: those who died "here under Japanese planes four years ago in the at tack that plunged the United States into war. i Servicemen and members' of patriotic organizations will attend the Halawa cemetery services to be conducted by protestant Ca tholic and Jewish faiths. Rear Adm. E. W. Hanson, command ant of the Pearl Harbor naval base, will deliver an address. . Pearl Harbor lay peaceful and quiet in the rain. Only rusting skeletons of parts of ships sunk in the sneak raid marked virtual destruction of a fleet that was to be rebuilt into the mightiest sea Wagie Increase The general's testimony accom- S.l i '-i'J 1J' panied fr&roduction;of documents DETROIT, Dec. 6. -flV The 5Lm I Pri,w ni..T night rejected a ' General JMetors oner to rreinsxaie res oner foi ,,!nJl.i, i.-Ma, its r'lrr Plement her forces;? days agd falter Reuther, UAW vice pres- duced when Secretary of State .Byrnes testifies before the com-force in the world. tnittee tomorrow. War Crime Counsel Stocks HigllCSt Arrives in Tokyo Since Boom TOKYO, Friday, Dec. NEW YORK, Dec. 6 -(P)- De- Joseph B. Keenan arrived by man(i for steels, motors, aviations. plane from Washington last night amusements and specialties today to erve as General MacArthurs staff counsel for the trials of Jaoanese charged . with war crimes. A press release said he imme diately would begin preparations for the trials. He was accompa- i tiled by two score assistants. ' PLANES MISSING j MIAMI, Fla Dec. 6HPr-Mys- ! teriously swallowed up In the swift dusk of the tropics, five na vy torpedo bombers with 14 men , aboard and a sixth navy rescue . plane with 13 crew members were the object of a great air-sea hunt covering thousands : of square 'miles oil the Florida east coast tonight 1 I j i Animal Craclccrs . By WARREN GOODRICH 1 helped lift the stock market to 15-year average peak; . although considerable profit cashing accom panied the drive and extreme gains of 2 or more points were reduced in most cases at the close. . .... . Buying inspiration: was based partly on revived hopes of strike settlements as . General Motors and automotive' union officials re sumed negotiations. Inflation psy chology also was stressed as trend prop In the wake of the government's , living cost figures and indications wage-price poli cies would be permitted to ex pand proportionately. 1 - CRIMINAL UST.OUT LONDON, Dec. MThe six teenth war crimes list, bearing 1080 names, was issued tonight by the - United Nations - war crimes commission. The names were no' made public! I j Byrnes Signs Loan Document t; ."V " ' 1 '' ' I .X'?S" . ? by though Ihis testimony recounted that fori 18 months beforehand he had been concerned over Ithe Christmas possibility of a sur prise raid and nad . been taxing precautions j against; it Questions had lust gotten down to the happenings in Washington on Deal 6-7 when the committee recessed! until tomorrow. I " Supplement British; , .TWASHINGTON, Dec 6. Secretary of State Byrnes, (second from right) signs agreement for $4,400,- ident told -a press conference lifter the meeting between GM ?and UAW officials adjourned' fthej strike conunues witn no cnange in 'status.? ' . U ; !. That memorandum b o r e ; no date j biit Gerhard I Gesell, com mittee counsel, said lit apparently. was written in the summer of 1941, before we were in the war. The chief of staff proposed to prepare task forces! for bases in the British Isles and to "secure, ' 1 3 j j 1 Lkm M .1 j; Both GM and UAW spokesmen I J H a? tZ X?- .f wn opportumty Offers," addi tiohal: bases encircling Germany, ''Germany cannot be defeated Harryw. Anderson, GM fvice y bpy of munitions to friend- velt's secret files, including aXFred M. Vinson. (AP Wirephoto) memorandum from Marshall say-1 00,000 loan to Great Britain by the United States during ceremony at state department here today. Left to right are: Lord Keynes, chief adviser to British financial mission -which negotiated loan; Earl ef. Halifax, British ambassador to, U. S.; Secretary of State Byrnes ami U. S. Secretary of Treasury G. ofrC; Urgs Barraeks fori Housing Plan Moving to have barracks at the Salem army airbase (McNary field), recently declared surplus by the army, , turned into a j vet erans housing unit, Salem Cham ber of Commerce is broaching the matter to Sen. Guy Coron while he is in the west ! S : in Umax ess Over Mammoth British Loan ii WASHINGTON, Dec. e.-CSVThe Truman adrnmistration agreed today to grant Britain a $4,400,000,000 credit in return for British steps to promote world trade and battle line.im- j Denlea Responsibility tad i sentenced ; to death hanging. - -Maj. Gen. Russell B. Reynolds, president of the five-general mil itary' court which tried Yamashi ta, read the verdict - . Just before -' the ; verdict was read, j Yamashita through an in terpreter made a short statement in which he said: j ' "My conscience is clear, j I want to thank the, commission i for a fair triaL" S : Nearly 200 prosecution witness es ini three weeks of testimony related story after story of mass . horrors - - rape, cremation! alive by firing gasoline and other atro cities --committed by Yama&hi ta's troops. , , j. Unusual Charge -1 ' Yamashita never once was ac cused of personally caving! harm- ed anyone, nor of having wit-" nessed any of the uncounted bru talities charged to troops jof his command. j . -He lwas accused, liowever, by witnesses who were close to him, of never once having lifted a fin ger to prevent atrocities, j Yamashita was me first of. the top, : Japanese accused ' as ' war criminals to be tried. - ' j ' ' In; his own behalf,- Yamashita denied that he even knew Of such atrocities as he heard described daily in the courtroom. His de fense was that he was too busy trying futflely to defend the Phil ippines to know what was, going on in prisoner of war or internee camps, or in Manilla itself as that city became a battleground. said, however, that . another; ne gotiating session would be held president said in a prepared slate- Powers and air and naval op ment wt)e offer to the auto work- erations alone," Marshall wrote, ers was: made on a 10 per cent "large ground forces will be re- basis subject to a final adjustment h"w- i after detailed analysis." . - aqo ra rniuppmes Reuther, commenting; on I the He also suggested! speeding the company offer, declared, "the. cor- increase; of air powers in the Phil-1 returning here or coming to Sd poration t still refuses to discuss I ippmea )and small increases m I lem to take employment They arithmetic and the fact that abUity ground piny lorcesand equip- would be availably only to vet Ply STlpuld be a factor in wage, men ro-resxram wapan rrom aa- erans. Without considerable! ex discussions. 5 4 I t Ivance into Malaysia or eastern I penditure. l they ! probably i could We still maintains that an fade- Siberia."! ! not be considered really desirable quate wage to settle this strike is Another document from the living quarters, but they wou&l a 30 per cent increase without I Roosevelt files covered the Ha- be shelter, and they do have icei- Under: the plan proposed,! ac cording to Chamber Manager Clay Cochran, the barracks would ! be used i for a limited time, with some adjustments, for . veterans increase in prices." waiian defense situation. It men tioned the island of pahu as "De tain minimum requirements for decent and comfortable living, lie lieved to be the strongest fortress pointed out Thursday. in the world." Written across it however, in what Gesell said was the handwriting of the late Maj. velt's military aide, was this no tation:; J f ; Planes Change Seen! "Modern planes have complete ly changed situation ,'as to the de- fensibility." That document, its source Un as having Until materials! can be secured for a building i program, -they would fill certain immediate i ! Arguments Heard In Chessman Case Arguments in the suits bropght GenJ Hi M. Watson! Mr. Roose- housing needs, he; suggestedi published - to forci Merle Chess man, Astoria publisher, and Earl Hill, Lane county representative, out of their respective appointive positions on state highway and fish commissions were heard Thursday by Marion Circuit Judge George ri: in. ou i,L. shown, Jwas marked advisement by Duncan, who ask- d Ma 3 1941 ed the briefs be filed in 10 days. The plaintiff charges that fnen serving in the state legislature! are forbidden by the. state's consutu It (detailed a program for bringing any enemy lunder attack from; four-engine bombers 750 miles a'ay, with the full fury of tion to erve on aa'ministrative air defepse to be applied when an boards. - - f axxagpt wiuun uu nmc. 'What Next Corporal Harg6 Premiere Slated Tonight at Gapitol Theatre Tm (grriBly fond of yoa, Jottt but couldn't you mv tf crou iust. a liltlt Final premier for the Victory ! Loan will be staged tonight at the Capitol theatre, featuring '"What Next,- Corporal Hargrove?" The show begins at i:30 o clock, top ping Salem's observance of Pearl Harbor day. ' u Tickets are still available at all bond-issuing agencies, and E-bond purchasers are urged to get theirs as early as possible, (hose coming first getting the tickets. Only ad mission is by ticket showing pur chase of an bond in some de nomination. . Not only is this an opportunity to see fine entertainment 5 the picture is heralded as the best of the Hargrove films but It Is an i Victery loan bond sales e ' titer " r -' l j w: :S : 1 i TotaL all Issnes, $2,391, 70SJ eat ef noU ef J2,690,- oo.. ' ; i I 1 Series eat ef quota of th 150.000 $Z70.711 worth to be old by efficial close ef Ylf tery Lean Saturday night). opportunity for Salem' and Mar ion county to make the final; big spurt to put over the county's E- bond quota before Saturday night, Victory Loan workers declare. The county sull needs more than 1270,000 to do so. E-bond sales for the Wednesday night premiere at the Elsinore amounted to $238,- 250 and it is the hope the Capitol show totals will be even greater. J xrr' .1 L The Capitol theatre will sell WcaUier bonds tip to show time for those unable to get them earlier. - The six candidates! in the Mar ion county victory ijoan queen i sn rrmncisco contest Will make their final pub lic appearance at tonight's show, the group to be introduced from the stage at 8:45 o clock. . Rita Orson to Call It Quits HOLLYWOOD,' Dec 6-(ff0rTh honeymoori was iover today; for Rita Hayworth and Orson Welles. The glamour girl said she would divorce her husband after : two vears! of married; life. :. ti;V i Miss Hayworth's decision! end ed one of Hollywood's most; Stor ied marriages. Their romance flourished In the fall of 1943 while Welles ' was operating a magfic show for servicemen in Holly- wood. ; t -f In December- of the previous year Rita had announced: tnat she hoped to marry Victor Mature when; the war was over and he was out of the coast guard. Holly wood' circles recalled the i inci dent only last week when Welles exchanged 'glares in a sight club with Mature, now discharged. Salem Eugene - roruana Sattl Max, M 49 : - M m. 50 65 . 44 48 43 ';'!. 43 , Xata - ,T5 .T3 JO Trace U7i11rBa rhM ft TORSCAST (torra Ui. Weatlw bi beau. McNary fieM. Salem); cloudy thia forenoon, partly cloudy in aftei noon, occasional m'rtxt today. Max imum iemper;u7. mediately formed in congress. The British promised to carry out a broad program of com- i i mi ii im congress approved the credits. The "if may be a big one. Even before the official announce ment was released at 3:30 pjn. some congressmen were on their feet in both chambers with ob jections. ' : . In the house. Rep. Celler CD- NY) shouted that the loan "will promote too damned much social ism at home and too 1 damned much imperialism abroad. Rep. Short (R-Mo) asserted he would not vote one dollar "as long as they've got the crown Jewels in London. i - But Senator Hill (D-Ala), ma jority whip, told reporters: The loaji should be made;: In making it we are promoting the interests' of the United States as well as the stability and peace of the world.' He also -contended that he was . only indirectly responsible aa commander, for he was subject tor orders from Tokyo and from Count Terauchi, 1 commander of the southern regions, which in cluded Manila. ' , i .The picture drawn by ptosecu- crowded courtroom stunned. Much was told by survivors still bearing the marks of brutal treat merit on their bodies. Some of . MacArthur'j headquarters an-Lv . ,Am -J ,K;, nounced in its newest order that d m butcnery dv. 2S tJ wept as theySed. Sev- tTw -- Z mZLT, eral became hysterical and fran- bomb will he taken from Japan ucallj cursed Yamashita. j even If it means shipping such t j minerals out of the country. Wher- m tvt - j t ever possible, mining of such min- LHaillS iNeedea Oil All mining will be limited to peace MOimtaill KoaClS time needs and research for war will be outlawed. - ; Japs to Lose Mineral Ores General MacArthur today took steps to make certain that Japan the country that shuddered nder two atomic bombs never can de velop an atomic bomb of its own. swlinsr dantiam U Of Army E aims Life ngineer s Worker Motorists traveling mountain roads must use chains, state high way commission offices here warn ed Thursday. j 1 There Is packed snow on all mountain passes,; On coast: high way, ;a fill settled one-half mile north of Manzanita junctiod fore ing one-way traffic. j f Swollen waters of the Santiam river claimed the life of a 66-year- old ' army- engineer's aide lite Thursday afternoon and sent an other member of a river-sounding party to the hospital suffering from shock and possible back or internal injuries. ; ' v t 1 Clarence E. Butts, 68, ' wa drowned when four employes of the U erigineerS were catapult ed into the high, and debris-strewn waters as their motor-driven row- boat was approaching shore, IMt miles southeast of Jefferson. His body had not been recovered this morning. -; :zj t'' -Ti; ; George "W. Scott, Jr complain ing of pains in his back, was re moved from the Santiam's bank nearly four hours .after he went into the stream and was taken to Albany General hospital on order of Marion , eountyi sheriffs depu ties, summoned to the scene. f Delays In making telephone con nections with Chief Engineer WechteT' in Albany explained a portion of the lost time between the capsizing of the boat (between 4 and 430 pjn.) 'and the calling of the ambulance (8:35 pjn.) but members' of the party were unable to tell Sheriffs Deputies James! J. Garvin and Harlan MT Bones ! or Deputy District Attorney Law rence Osterman . how long they were in the water. I C. W. Moore, party chief, with the help of Nick Hatch; aide, pull ed Scott from the water. They said they had not seen Butts after their overturned boat struck a drift fof logs; They were returning to lapd at dusk after completing their day's : assignment on the - river, where they : bad - been . obtaining soundings as' part' of a-survey in the Santiam-Sweet Home reser voir flood control project. All the men hare been stationed otAi bany. -y.--- : ":-t :v v "--; --The boat struck a whirlpool ap proximately . 1 miles downriver from Green's bridge Just as the outboard motor died 'and the lit tle vessel overturned. Butts may have been caught in the whirl pool or may have bees struck by the logs; all the men wore life jackets, Moore said. .Wechter said it was approximately 7 p.m. when he was reached. ' -( '!; i Sheriffs men expect to retuirn to the river today to eontinue a earda for the body. j; PARENTS FAVOR DRAFT . KANSAS CITY, Dec 6 - The board of managers of tne Na tional ' Congress - of Parents and Teachers went on record at the closing session of their conference today favoring continuation of the selective, service act ' U HEY.'vAKE UP!CHARliEf Y0UVECfILY60TJ SHOPPING CAYS LEFT tWTtL CHRISTMAS - t