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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 13, 1945)
A i . i iri. i ,a" ' : ' i i i I t I f l - ' ' : . ..J'! -I ' j j I . ": j . PAGE FOUR . ':v:v . . I "No The Associated Press news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited Who Won Pacific War? " There really is enough glory in the victories of the last war for all branches of the armed services to glow with pride. No one element navy, army, marine corps, air corps did the task single handed. In Europe the army and air force slugged it out, but they had to have the navy to carry men t and supplies across. In the Pacific the navy was- the more import ant factor, but. the navy's ships stop at the beaches and the. death-rolls of Tarawa, New ( Guinea, Guadalcanal, and Leyte include names j of thousands of soldiers and marines. So it is in fortunate that high-placed officers in the aervice should get into controversy over "who won the jwar.'V General Doolittle was right in benefits from saying the .Pacific war was won by teamwork, but he erred in invoking the protests of the dead pilots of the B-29s against the boasts of the admirals. ! In this connection an article in the last Sat urday Evening Post on Japan's mistakes is quite Informing in giving the view of a Japanese officer on the errors which contributed to Ja pan's defeat and by the . same token to the American victory. It is written by Lt. (jg) S. P. Walker and is based on an interview with Capt. Yoshito Koboyashi. It is of particular interest as a sort of counterpart to the "post mortem" of German officers included in Gen eral Marshall's report. I " Lack of fuel and lack of trained pilots greatly hampered Japan in the latter period of the war. At that the Japs were conserving planes j and men for an all-out assault on the expected j Invasion. Drop in gasoline quality-to 85 octane also was a great handicap. ' . When asked what he considered the worst i tactical or strategic blunders the Japanese made during the whole war Captain Koboyashi re plied after a pause: j "Midway was our "greatest defeat. But it was not necessarily a blunder. Simply we were defeated. I believe our greatest blunder was. at, Guadalcanal. If at Guadalcanal we had been one week earlier with many planes, fighters, bombers, we could probably have prevented your landing. Koboyashi conceded also that the navy made "stupid mistake" in the second battle of the 'Philippine sea when the central Japanese at tacking force which j had a group of our escort carriers almost at their mercy, turned in re treat. That second battle of the Philippine sea last October 24-25 convinced the Japanese com manders that the war was lost, the Jap officer said. " When asked which the Japs feared most, the. battleships or the big Essex-class carriers, the Immediate response was the carriers. An swering the question as to the greatest single cause for the Japanese defeat Koboyashi re plied: Itwas many things. But most important were" your carriers. Without your carrier vic .tories, we should still be fighting you in the jungles of the South Pacific. Your carriers isolated our best bases, and gave you bases from which you could strike our homeland. They reduced out own airforce. They, sank f our carriers. - That is the testimony of a Japanese naval air base commander, as reported by an officer In our own naval- reserve. It pretty well , con firms our own judgment as to the record made in the Pacific. Midway was the decisive battle, because it set a limit to Japanese expansion and because it broke the back of the Japanese navy and carrier-plane strength. And without a doubt, the U. S; carriers provided the mov able airbases which 1 pccelerated greatly the march to Tokyo. But again, it was teamwork that counted, for the submarines cut the Jap oil supply line, and the army took and held the ground and army bombers pulverized Jap anese Industries. '. . : : Let's Get the Premise Right The National Association of Manufacturers may or may not be going too far in demanding the abolition of all war-time regulations, but ita report at the congressional hearing on re conversion rang the bell with a new wording ! of an old but oft-forgotten economic truth: "The presence of profit for employers is the workers only guarantee of employment and wages." vt further states: "There can be no prospect for productive; employment unless there is prospect of wages for employers in supplying the tools of-production and organizing man power and machinery to produce what cus tomers want at prices they are willing to pay. These statements set forth two of the para mount necessities in arriving at a solution of labor-management , problems the necessity to' keep business sufficiently profitable to warrant continuance, and the necessity to keeD prices t level attractive to consumers. Add one other necessity-a living, adequate buying-power wage for workers and you have the ' three points to which everything else must be sub servient in the problem at, hand. . Full recognition of these basic facts would do much to eliminate (he extraneous arguments and bitterness which seera'to arise whenever one faction refuses to see any semblance of Justice in any Case other than its own. t Men are still quarrelling over "a girl named Pearl." Now the republicans are using a belay-' ing pin on the democrat for holding them off the secret files of the .government Pearl may get Into the next carepaigwr in a big way. "Washington on its feet, says a. Statesman headline en the capital's bus -tinnal eanital is real h -beck on it eood Sim. Maybe the rest of Favor Sways. Us; No Fear Shall Awe" From First Statesman, March 28, 18S1 THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. S PRAGUE, fcditor,and Publisher K V Member of the Associated Preasj .' .. Is exclusively entitled to the use Government issue. Does not Interpreting become a small power If this pol-j icy fails and her colonies desert j her . by violence or otherwise, t 1 The discovery in Tokyo mis week of a "discontent school' where Japanese had trained Asiat ics to resist the return of Anglo- Saxon ideas and lh earlipr thfei that Japan worked hard at this 'and got in some very : effective licks. Both Italy and Germany had tried it earlier, particularly otfh thm Mnclm -'' '. Egypt and Palestine itself. strike. If the na- with JaiiaiMM its' feet that is; mnvirtinn AiiPMt cultivated hv the Japanese the country, can ; before they yhm t tor publication of all in this newspaper: A Partner Secretary Wallace insists that his econo mists have figured things out correctly when they report that the automobile manufacturers can grant a wage increase of 15 ! per cent iji 1945 and to 25 per cent in 1917 J without inj creasing prices. Suppose this is conceded. Does it .necessarily follow that wages should be in creased in that amount? Might it not be better for the country as I whole tot reduce prices of automobiles and so bring to more people the advantage of convenient and comfortable trans portation? - j - - t -..) ': I j This goes to the heart of the wage-price labor itself , realize substantial lowering price levels?) Through advanced technology- .and through managerial ability and skill of Workmen, jour industrial and agricultural plant in America has provided a truly amazing stock of goods j for popular consumption. Thus w. have been; able to irij crease wages and for many items lower prices and improve quality.;. Labor should be quite as much concerned with prices as ; with wages. Right now its stake might evert be greater in lower prices than in Higher wages if the lattejr resulted in marked price inflation. We have a suspicion that ; the government is more anxious to have a degree of inflation; than one of deflation. It has a stake in the economy through its tax structure. It is jto the interest of the government td have a Continued high national income -or dne even higher sd that its tax-take will be large both to finance cur rent expenditures and meet it4 debt service. Lower prices mean .'smaller j receipts on excise taxes; and might mean lower ijtaxes through reduced profits. Thus' the interest of the fed eral treasury, as well as the political inclina tion of the men in power, support the higher wage policy which Secretary Wallace is en dorsing. And since maintenance bf the national credit is fundamental, private business itself cannot ignore the partnership Of government in business. This helps to justify soma jwagr increase which would help maintain purchasf ing power, but one not so great as - to .force general or sharp price increases.! ! j The Fiat motor works in Italylis making 100 cars a day out of scrap materials salvaged from German and Italian j military Vehicles. No that tin cans are no longer collected for salvage in this country the teen-ae mechanics will resume manufacture of high school jalopies. The Day's Newis By James D. White " I ' Avoeiated Pre Staff Writer SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. .-(HFrom the spice isles of Indonesia to the shores of Tripoli, the vast colonial world of dark-skinned peoples Is rumbling and in places erupting against the white man's rule- . M ' ' ! Great Britain is the chief powee affected With a labor government at home, Britain retains a colonial policy based on the principle of gradual conversion of empire holdings to dominion status-r but still within the empire. Britain stands U control bears outl 0 s nf this mlnmnl " Y Kevolutionista Use Reliflon ; f . . The religion of Islam is : being Used as an im portant rallying point for revolutionists. A league - -of Arab states was formed around the eastern Mediterranean some months aeo, and Arab resUt- ' ance against the possibility ' of turning Palestine into a national home for Europe's Jews has Its. lul, The Egyptian prime minister today demanded " complete independence i f ! j .Move eastward to India, land you find tha Mohammedan part of India actively supporting the Arab demand to keep Palestine non-Jewish. j The non-Moslem part of India applauds loudly, meanwhile, the demands of the predominatly Mo hammedan nationalists of Indonesia for independ ence from the Dutch. ,i" j r ' ' I Last night Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the leader of the all-India congress party, said in a speech it was India's own duty to revolt and that if India wasn't ready to do it India was a 'dead nation. ' The British have had to deal with riots in Bom bay, and. further east, j with strikes in Malaya. S 'British Play PeUceman ; f t; ; ! Meanwhile, because France and Holland could not get their troops back to their oriental empires . soon enough, Britain stepped j in to play the role of policeman. There was serious trouble In French Indochina, but the recent arrival of a sizable force of French troops following the British has resulted in a relatively- quieter situation there now f " Indochina, by the way, has few If any Moham medans. - j !"',' . ; I-"" '" j 1. But in Indonesia, where 90 per cent of the people are Moslem, the story is different Dutch troops still haven't arrived in force, and continued nationalist agitation and violence has been met by-a British ultimatum to surrender. When this was ignored, the British opened rup with heavy equipment against a big nationalist center at Soer abaja.'.and the nationalists claim heavy-casualties resulted. - - -j ' f i ;: ' Unquestionably prejudicing , theijr cause, the In donesians are said to have more than 60 Japanese planes, at their disposal,;: and appear to be fighting tanks And with a Jananese-insDired surrendered - - that the white man's OREGON STATESMAN, Salem. 3 i Tho Literary Guidcpost By W. G. Rocera j dats "i And nights. r K Una SlmoaoT, transUue tttm Um Rinciankr Jotrph Barnn (Slmoa A Sehuiter; SI.75). ft ; Capt. Saburov, commanding the second battalion of a regi ment in the 693rd Rifle Divi sion, a i unit in the historic de fense of Stalingrad, is the hero of this' novel about the battle which has been called the turn ing point of World War II. Though there's a heroine, too, Anya Klimenko, a nurse, this is pretty fmuch an affair of men without women. Saburov's divi sion moves across the Volga into the focal city in September, 1942, and joins in the desperate struggle- I Since this pictures on page af ter page the actual fighting, the efforts pf small units to defend a street, a block, a single building, it's a novel hard to keep inter esting.; tBut there is never a mo notonous moment. The ' variety in the action is based, it must b supposed, on that in the real conflict The author cuts out of the great battle a small vertical seg ment for his material from the battalion up through headquar , ters; if this isn't the undying fic tion which Tolstoy produced from the Sevastopol siege in an earlier war, it is still a memora ble evocation of the incredible hardships, the frightful cost in blood and, as the end nears, the thrilling prospect of eventual victory Justifying the sacrifice?. It is!; of course idealized, for Russian soldiers look as glamor ous to Russian novelists as Amer ican soldiers to American novel ists, and there is a grand love story. Simonov draws character clearly and you will long re member Saburov and Anya, Konyokpv the .brave elbwh. Pe tya the faithful orderly. When Red Army men grouse, they sound Idee Yanks; and they even criticize! Russian, domestic policy before he war, overall strategy and other aspects of Communist' life. . i 1 Simonov maybe doesn't know that fret speech doesn't exist ui Russia.. ' ' The author is' one of Russia's outstanding war correspondents, the publishers say, and his book has been popular In his native AND BEAR "We wUfa pretest vigerwisly - , f ; - j ' ' 't j t s r-- -gz Orocjon, Tuesday Morning, November 13. 19 4 )VVjm EVERYTHING WOULD Right Up Their Alley iloivo Behind the News I By PAUL MALLON (Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction In whola ' or in part strictly prohibited.) WASHINGTOrt, Nov. li-(JPy-Nothing was published about unidentified attacks made since peace in China Upon American forces there several weeks ago. I have private but direct in formation a United States navy repair ship was 'shot up! float ing down a river. I have also learned of numerous inci- dents where planes' at Am- erica n airfields have been shot at. Damage was don in most instances but there were no casualties. . Official auth orities presum- ably kept these? matters ;. quiet for diplomatic purposes (Rus sia?). I Instead, ' the dally news ' routes from China are being plied with rather injured assertions from the communist "New China Daily News" that the United States is now don't laugh, soldiers, after the war you have been through "intervening in the domestic af fairs of China." suppose, next the commie press will be charg ing us with intervening in the affairs of Germany and! Italy, where our troops also are. Story Only Half Told f Anyhow, in this instance, the Chinese communists asserted whatever we did was dastardly of us, because Russian troops were politely withdrawing from Chinese territory, in accordance with their treaty : promise. They neglected to mention the Rus sian communists had left them, the Chinese communists, to start a civil war against the estab lished allied Chinese govern ment. - All this means, of course, is that the communists are losing their civil war. The only inter- land. It comes to us in a very smooth - translation and merits the wide reading it will get, thanks to its selection by the Book of the Month Club for No . vember. i - . . IT By Lichty to the Allied Commander that we j t : SIM j raw mmm pretation which should be put upon my above Information Is that it points again to the defect in the American free press sys tem which allows foreign agen cies to use us for their propa ganda tending to mislead our peo ple, especially when our official authorities do not care to give out statements of the facts. We need to bulwark our free press against such easy ill-use. Deceived With Truth A second way we are being deceived is with truth. Our pro fessional liberals are riding the front pages and airwaves with assertions that Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek is a dictator. They constantly present to our eyes and ears the truth that his regime is not a democracy. They say no more. Well, the generalissimo has been what he is for many years now. No such international at tacks on him were made during the war, or earlier only now that the communists have started , a civil war against him. I Some of these American PROs 1 know their half-truths are com munist propaganda, Marxist pressure which lend their ef forts to a typical commie trick, but other unthinking Ameri cans do not r.d glibly take up these deceptive fractional veri ties, to contribute unwittingly to deceiving the entire world. Two Political Regimes The whole truth is there are but two political regimes in China, neither of them demo cratic. Chiang, in the true demo cratic spirit has promised re peatedly his entire Kuomintang movement has pledged an elec tion as soon as the communists lay down thai r arms or genuine collaboration by the communists justifies. He is an avowed dis ciple of Christian principles. The communists, atheistic or agnostic disbelieving in Chris tian principles, only pretend to advocate democracy. They rep resent Stalin's bid to capture Asia in absentia. The only choice for us in Asia is between those twQ alternatives.- All other argument is- im material. I could report as bad things about the Kuomintang re gime as the communists are re porting to us now. It is corrupt in many spots; in others it is not good government. Iaflattoa Preblem China is suffering inflation, which the Kuomintang has not combatted. It will have terrific struggle to survive not only the communist opposition, but itself. As I reported before, I have authoritative information 98 per cent of the struggling Chinese people are not much interested in either government The Kuomingtang government, however, is our ally, was a par ticipant with us in setting up the United. Nations war ' and peace organization. It cooperates with us wholeheartedly. The commun ist government may or may not have a unique degree of inde pendence from' Moscow, but it would vote today with Russia . against us on any matter of war or peace; in feet is , in armed rebellion against our ally. .. Put this -basic . background thought to any China news dis patch you read from now on. - whether It cornea straight from the , communists or circuitnusly through American or other spokesmen" and laugh at them. MEMORIAL BUILDING CENTRAL POINT, Nov. 1.-P) Coiners. tone of a new memorial building was laid today by the Myers-Holland post of the Ameri- . (Continued from page 1) ' and I prevents competitive development- The - region suffers, too, from the basing-point sys tem Of price fixing which penal izes Lit through high freight rates. - v Although Garnsey Is professor in a state university he is bold enough to- pull , the whiskers of local! leaders. He 'points his finger afrthe powerful, obstruct ive, local blocs: the silver bloc, the gold bloc, the beet sugar bloc, the cattle bloc; and notes how they dominate regional and influence national politics. He callsj the local opposition to a Missouri Valley authority an ottfer example of "shortsighted ness and economic, naivete." To quote: .. Taking their cue from the power and irrigation lobbies, and hypnotized by their own ora tory ! about state's- rights, the , politicians in power in the moun tain states are almost unani mously opposed to an MVA." f Indeed, ; opposition in the mountain states to the River Val ley authority idea appears to be accompanied in about equal parts of ignorance, prejudice and dog-in-the-mangerism," I have no doubt that Governor Vivian of Colorado and former Governor Ralph Carr have spat some fire over that accusation. Fighting ikVA and other author ity measures has been a real crusade-with Carr. The "leaders" of the mountain states may protest the Garnsey article both as to its basis in fact and ita propriety in display ing their t faults to the i whole country. But there is virtue in holding up a mirror so that peo ple may see themselves, not as they j like to be photographed, butas an observant local' critic sees them. The Pacific coast suffers less perhaps from absen tee ownership, but it is true here as in the mountain states that some of the leadership is con cerned more with protecting established interests man with encouraging our independent economic development. Snag-Falling Burn Problem If any plan designed for re habilitation of the Tillamook burn is adopted, snag falling looms as one of the more serious problems, state forester Nels Rogers declared here Monday. He said the use of high explosives may be the answer and investigations are now under way along these lines. " Rogers pointed out that men who have been with the armed demolition squads and other branches of the armed forces may have had a lot of experience in handling explosives and probably could be employed in the snag falling operations. General ! opinion is that a pro gram of 100 per cent snag falling is inadvisable and that a desirable standard could be obtained through cutting of corridors. The proposed 100 per cent snag re duction could not be justified on the basis of costs, Rogers averred. Past Commanders Of Leffion Meet Thirteen members of the Past Commanders club of the American Legion, Capital post No. 9, at tended their club's annual break fast Monday morning at 8 o'clock at the Lions Den. Irl McSherry, secretary will serve as president succeeding E. M. (Bing) Page, who is hpSpitalized. Capt Douglas McKay presided. Col. H. GJ (Fod) Maison, recent ly returned from more than three years of iouth Pacific duty, spoke briefly. , Attending the meeting were Robin D.lDay. 1919; O. E. (Mose) Palmateer. 1930; Claude McKen ney, 1934; McSherry, 1932; John Olson,: 1$44; Art Johnson, 1940; Brazier C. Small, 1939; Ira Pit cher, 19413; George Avertt, 1937, and Fredj Gahlsdorf, 1942. B. E.- Kelly) Owen, most re cent past ! commander, was per-' suaded by the rest of the mem bers to be initiated and to act as the official host As host Owen had to furnish the refreshments. 1,500,000 Young Trees to Be Planted Close to 1,500,000 seedlings, pro duced at the Oregon forest nur sery, Cprvallis, will be available for forest planting during the win ter planting season, Nels Rogers, state forester, reported here Mon day. J j ;:- These Seedlings are produced for the purpose of fulfilling a twos fold purpose distribution to farm era who desire to establish wood lands, shelterbelts and windbreaks and to fill the state's needs for state forest planting. . Out of the total nursery output aoout naif a million trees will be distributed to fanners, Rogers pre dieted. The remaining trees will be used in the reforestation . pro gram involving the Tillamook burn. .. - i ! 'I Anderson Asks More Income For i Farmers II" Vv;-: .. MEMPHIS, Nov. 12.-W-Secre-tary. jof f Agriculture Clinton.. P. T Andefson called upon farmers to night to set a "parity income goal", based! on! "55 to 66 million people, employed, with a national income, of 150 billion dollars or more., , . Thi gal, he declared in an d-. dress prepared for delivery before the National Association of Com missioners, secretaries and direc tors of agriculture, "should beag rifultureVifair share of. the na tional income under full employ ment! full-scale industrial, activ ity.". . - - , -: Some think the easiest way of increasing the income of produ cers of a commodity is to raise the parity price, the secretary said. "BUt that sort of action can bring ! only short-range benefits," if it results in a price that is out of line with reality. It can endan ger the future of the commodity from a long-range standpoint with loss of markets at home and abroad, and by stimulating com petit ion,' inefficient production, loss of quality." He gave cotton as an example but said:! "I believe we can grow cotton profitably at costs favor able enough to permit this product to compete on its merits in free marketa.'V a A program of assuring a steady demand for agricultural products, Andersonj; said, ."could go. a long" way toward supporting farm pri ces by keeping people in the hab it of eating good diets." Canada Ford Strike Peace Offer Rejected i WINDSOR, Ont, Nov. 12.-(iV-The United Auto Workers (CIO) announced tonight' that the Ford Motor company, Ltd., of Canada, had rejected "a union offer to end the 62-day strike at the Ford Plant." ' Ford officials were reported ia conference and were not available for comment on the union's state ment! which was signed by G e o r g e" F. Addes, international secretary-treasurer of the UAW. The strike involves 10,000 Ford production workers and an addi tional 8,500 Windsor area union ists who joined in sympathy walkouts. I f 6 A union official said the prov posal ' included an agreement t open the power house provided the company, would immediately enter into negotiations. "We were hopeful that tht o p e n i n g of such negotiations would permit a speedy and just settlement and result in early re sumption of full operations at tha plant" the union statement read. Public Records .ii-i MUNICIPAL COURT i Juliu A; Barnes, rout S. Salemi driving under influence of intoxicat ing liquor; : S290 bail. WmUt It;. Cillenwater. Lebanon; violation of basic rule; S29 ball. Bugen E. Smaller. 563 Electric; violation of basic rule; $10 bail. - George Winchester. 4J11 SI Alder, Portland; . violation of basic rule:- Sit bail. i R- W. Bast. Monmouth; no operat or"s license; $3 bail. Nels Steusland. Anchorage, Alaska: violation of basic nHerflO bait I Harold L.i Laswell. 37 Elm it , West Salem; violation of basic ruse; S7.50 bail. ;: Harry Coffman. Portland; violation of basic rule; 17 SO bail. Lowell C. Kins. Salem; driving while under innuence of intoxicating liquor: held. ' Lorah Ki Griffith. SM SW Main, Portland; violation of basic rule; flw bail. i . Wayne Kimple. 4U Water st.; four In driver's seat; $2J0 ttne. Paul VUlwock. Dallas; violation o basic rule; $140 bail. - Stevens I For Tods in Value. Lovely New Misses Ring in Birthstone Colore, Set in 10K Gddi - 1 : i- Oar Selections Are Wide and Varied. VI Extended raymeiiU. . 32t toart Street I; " LT wt hark on its feet too. ' . - - aays in me coiomai wona were numoerea, ucim v . , ... t. , . ' : - -a .-.i t r ' . f .? ....
