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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 2, 1945)
pack roux the) OnZGOrf STATdMAIC Salem, Oregon. Thursday Homing. Aacust JL 1943 Mian "No Favor Sways V$; No Fear Shall A toe" ' From Tint Statesman, March 28, 1831? THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING CO JCPANY i CHARLES A. SPRAGUZ, Editor and Publisher H. . Member of the Associated Press f . , .. t I .. , The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this newspaper. In the News Again If there! is. or ever was, anything which could be called normalcy, it would appear from recent stories that the nation, lor " good or bad, is again on ithe road to that state. Snake i charming religion, ! bank robberies, slayings, horse racing, civilian industry fires and other1; banner-line columns) of former days are getting increased space in the nation's press, , and the old-time resourcefulness of the typical reporter soon may be brought Into play under the goadings of city editors granted more space for domestic news. f The tricks of the trade are many, but there has not been much use lor them, j what with war and world news crowding out all but the extra special of the more normal' news breaks. But the day of knockdown-drag-out battles for 'scoops' or "beats" may be near at hand, with no more xf this "off the record" business to hamper ingenuity and enterprise. There will be "out of order" signs put on pay telephones by reporters who don't want their unwary opposition ; to gelt a story to the office first. There will be stops' put in elevator doors so a rival can't get off at the proper floor until the interviewee there is "sewed up" by promises of cigarets or "a front-page space. Cameras will disappear, to be found later in perfect condition but much to late to Interfere with an exclusive picture. War-necessitated censorship; a shortage of paper, and the tremendous import of world ' news have cut sharply into the space left for the humdrum but interesting j chronologies of peace-time days. And it will be; months or years before any such news will gain! the prominence It was accorded before Pearl jlarbor. But the signs of Us recurring virility are at hand. "Sh-h-h! Quiet, Mortimer. That fellow with the pipe ;is with the press." ! German War Losses i ' ; - I ' - ' - j!" til . ) German data dn war losses, kept "top secret,' have been located by the allies. They show: a total casualty list of 4,064,438 up to November 30 last. The i death roll amounted to 1,91 1.300 against 1,173,700 Germans killed in the first world war. The total casualties then were listed at 7,142,558. When the losses from November to May are added there may not be a very great difference fn the totals, while the number killed will be shown greatly in excess of the first world war. i '. ' Students of population will have tog study, the figures to decide whether German i man power has been f permanently impaired by this terrible blood-letting, or whether with decent economic conditions Germany's strength in human bodies will be fully restored quarter century hence. Offhand we would say the-drain of human blood is too great lor quick restoration of military might. It is impossible for nation to repeat every Iquarter-century the slaughter of its most fit on such a scale. It took France a long time to recover from the losses of the Napoleonic wars. With current Jow rates of reproduction it should take Germany much longer tp revive! And the withdrawal of males for work in Russia or France will tend to reduce the birthrate. I I ; While the allies ought not to trust only to Germany's population debility for their security. it certainly ' can be counted as a protection against early resumption of military aggression. With Japan the situation is different.' The losses there have not yet seriously impaired Japanese manpower, and ; the high birthrate of Japan will ensure a quick recovery from such population losses as may be incurred. That is one factor which must be considered when payday comes for the Japs.- i . ! . ! r TELL M E.HENRY DID HE W i ; ! COME RIGHT OUT AM) ASK YOU '. ; j l TO RESIGN OR DID HE JUST J ; j HINT AT IT? rT: -1 ' ' i . j ' 1 i '' ':' - . ;"-'". " I - , , " ; Jap ; Ambassador - To VaUcan Just . . f ' Collect. Bad New By Edmund Lasra - Subbing for Kenneth L. Dixon VATICAN CrTY-(JP)-The lone remnant of axis diplomacy to the Holy See, Japanese ambassador . Ken Harada, faithful to the Nip ponese tradition of taking note of everything visible, has become a rabid newspaper reader and photographer, i -- Four copies of every Italian newspaper available there are 19 Roman dallies as well as the Stars - and- Stripes", and the' "Union Jack,, are purchased daily for Harada who reads them with the assistance of. the em bassy's secretary Masahide Ka nayama, and clips out items which he deems of politico-military importance, such as Super fortress raids on Tokyo. The clip pings then are filed scrupulously for future reference. - The ambassador also Intensive-- ly employs his camera and the resulting pictures of Roman scenery follow ; the path of the clippings into ; the embassy's steadily growing archives. - Harada leads, a solitary life. He is the only foreign diplomat living in the Vatican, and he cannot leave-the Vatican city. If he did, he would be arrested Im mediately as an enemy subject by the Italian government or u;rf MPs. His. wife, who is a- church of SanU Marta, near the governor's building in the Vati can. Long walks witn nis wue along the paths of the VaUcan gardens and occasional visits to the VaUcan museums constitute the ambassador's only outdoor '.diversion.--' "J ; Food for the Japanese embassy is supplied through the adminis trative of the Vatican,, and deli cacies such as sharks fins, hum ming birds nests and the Japan ese reviver, saki, have not de- lighted the palate of the am bassador for a long time. So, now while GIs go swim ming In the Mediterranean, and have cool drinks in Rome's cab arets which , have j been trans formed into service clubs, Japan ese Ambassador Harada tunes in Tokyo radio and listens to the news. . i Information Pleas Tho Literary Noivo Behind tho WeV7! Guidcpost By W. O. Begera SEKSUD8 f I Powers I of U. S. Delegate A question has arisen over whether enabling legislation is required covering the appointment of an American representative, to the assembly and security council of the United Nations. Senator Connally, chairman of the foreign rela tions committee, expressed the personal view that no such legislation is required, although he has made inquiry of, the state department. Senator. Vandenberg on : the other hand takes the opposite stand, holding that legislation is necessary to qualify the delegate and to define his authority. j j ! There ought to be no attempt to by-pass the congress on this important issue. Since the constitution, vests in the congress the power to declare . war, to raise and support armies and to make appropriations, the authority of our representative in the security council should not be left dangling in doubt. His power should be defined by the congress, j Not orily does that seem necessary to satisfy our constitution, but it seems advisable from a practical standpoint. On grave matters such as possible1 involvement in war, a president or his representative dare hot act alone. He must ' have the support of congress and of the country. Roosevelt was accused of getting this country into war. .But except in the matter of the ex change of 50 old destroyers for leases to bases, he did not act alone, (fongress voted the repeal of the neutrality legislation, the lend-lease ap propriation, mobilization of the national guard, : and selective service, before Pearl Harbor. In the. future it is of the utmost importance to have the president and the U. S. delegate feel a responsibility to the congress. It is impossible to predict the shifts and tides of international relations. It is conceivable that some situation might arise ! where this country . Would not wantj to 'join in some pro posed war because it did not seem to be waged . in a just causer A -delegate will be less likely , to vote in favor of such participation if he knows that he could commit this government only to the use of aome expeditionary police : force and that the congress would have to ap prove full-scale action by out army and navy. i This does not mean to f 'ambush the Charter." It means, that its powers should be reserved i for use in righteous causes. ; Editorial Comment ERNEST BEVIX i The new British government has put its strongest : man in charge of foreign affairs. He is Ernest : Bevin, generally looked upon as the real ' leader . ; of the British Labor party because he is the biggest man in British labor unions, a combination of our ; Green, Murray and Lewis all rolled into one. Bevin is without previous direct experience in international affairs, but this need alarm no one. i He is a veteran in politics, which is fundamentally . the same trade whether one politicks in a labor union, a lodge, a church sewing circle, a congres sional or parliamentary district or at - Potsdam. He will know his way around Only the striped pants and the monicle will be lacking and these -are not essential. .j - s . . ; It is encouraging to see the strongest man In the new (government in thi crucial post, for it means that we are likely to get prompt decisions. These may not be the ones we want, for Bevin Is a Socialist who is likely to feel a closer kinship with Russia than with the United States, but better adverse decisions than none at all. The United States can take care of itself, but we do need to know as soon as possible where our major associates are going. ': k- Bevin, incidentally, rendered his country a tre mendous service during the German war as labor czar of the coalition government Workers accepted' dictation from him as they, would have from no other because they had full confidence in. him, and produced as they probably would have under ao other leadership. It was only recently that : American per capita war output overtook Brit ain's. Baker Democrat Herald. ' Business Notef-"Men's clothing will be tight for a few months, but then will ease." In time for steak dinners, we hope. Interpreting The War News By JAMES D.WHITE Associated Press Staff Writer SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. lP)-Did Japan's Pre mier Suzuki reject the allied! surrender ultimatum I outright? I'. : 'f -:.'.:'" f j i Study what he said and you may question the N general assumption that he did. , jj ', j He probably meant to give that impression that he threw it in the wastebasket and forgot about it and went back to his war-making. That would be for the Japanese people and anyone else interested in believing him. Jp , j For allied governments, however, his remarks contain overtones which easily can add up to: "Yours of July 56 received.; and contents noted. No reply now due o pressure of business, etc" What Suzuki actually may have said, if anything, was filtered through! the Tokyo radio. The broad cast was heard by j the federal communications commission and released in part by the office of war information.! Assuming the OWI gave out all important parts, here's the fgist of what Suzuki said of the solemn American-Chinese-British' warn ing to surrender ; now before' it's too late: J i "The imperial Japanese government . .1. will take no notice of the declaration."' 1 V "There is.no change whatsoever in the funda mental policy of our government in regard to the prosecution of the war." g j The joker here is the difference between what the Japanese government actually intends J to do -about prosecuting the war and what it says it will do. - , The state policy is to fight io the last The actual policy, according to the most expert American analysis based on Japan's actions rather than her statements, is tot drag the war out in the hope of getting a peace softer than the unconditional surrender' which since the .Cairo declaration of 194S, informed Japanese have known they face. Japanese strategy and tactics bear this out. So do Japanese Individuals who; have surrendered re cently. !' - I " ''": This actual policy to drag the war out is to be carried on behind a smokescreen of the fiercest possible ahowl that the determination to fight to - the last is the real thing: f j And it may: well be the real thing. f Japanese leaders, having talked themselves and everyone else t concerned into believing that the Japanese people:! have the spirit to fight to the last, now have little choice but to carry that idea out in their every word and action. They; know that the Japanese people either will or win not bear up under the strain that cracked the Germans. u tne people can take it, that suits Japanese leaaers Decause tney Know personally they're not GINIIAL EDUCATION IN A SOCMTT, ttpwt mt tk Hmrar CimWw (HaxTarS University; . . j Under j the chairmanship of Prof. Paul H. Buck jof the fac ulty of fine arts and sciences at Harvard, a committee of '12 has been studying "the current edu cational system in the U. S." This volume consists pf the find- ings and ! recommendations, a small part of it applicable mainly to Harvard, most of jit of direct concern : to everyone educated, or thinking he is, or wanting to be, or with children to educate. This is a new world, calling for an educational system ad- -justed to its peculiar; needs. In spiration, such as religion, which once underlay the student's as pirations, has been; lost. The committee seeks aj substitute. Diversity is essential,! but it must be knit Into i some common, worthy and dynamic goat The purpose of ! all ' educa tion," says the committee, ls to help students lead their own lives," or, more technically, "to improve : the average and speed the abler while holding common goals before each." j ' Harvard has failed . . . in a general Sway this is; their criti cism of all education. . ... to sup ply any; "very substantial intel lectual experience common to all Harvard students." j They do not believe education "can safely be left j with those who see our culture-1 solely through the eyes of formal re ligion"; -they disapprove of a system based on "any one list of great books"; they iare "suspi cious of j those empiricists who believe the truth is to be found only in experiment As a ' test of their theories, they ask hypo thetically what jt university should have contrib uted to this war. Some discov ery or invention? Some techni . cally trained persons? A great leader? Or "would It be thou sands of. humbler men, each re sponsible in his separate duty? " There1 is- an odd and unex pected word of warning in Presi dent Conant's introduction. You must read the entire book, he says,! to get its full meaning. He issues his warnings not only to the lay public but also to specialists . . . as if he feared By PAUL MALLON - (Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction tn whole jl or in part strictly prohibited.) ! (Continued From Page 'l) rmmt Maiioa WASHINGTON, Aug. 1-Some of my socialist readers question my conclusion that free demo cratic capitalism 'adds a great volume of business to the na tional economy, perhaps 50 per cent, accounting for the much higher wage scale and better working conditions in this coun try oyer-' any other nation in the world, and my resulting contention that socialism of the Russian, nasi, or: the proposed British kind impedes, this great volume of "created busi ness" and there fore must bring , . less production, less national in come and static dr negative eco nomic results. They cannot have thought the matter out thoro ughly. I can illustrate: Take a popular American soft drink. It is a simple example of -a created business, where little or none would have existed un der socialism, and its history is multiplied by the thousands of other products which are in daily use in our vast mass markets, ' solely because appetites of con sumers were stimulated by ad vertising and incentive business selling methods, prompted by in dividual' desire for- profit, No other system yet conceived by man furnishes such economic stimulus in creating business. The story of how a small Georgia, soft-drink man, liter- ally built his five cent product . up into an international business involving hundreds of millions of dollars, is familiar. But I am not interested j in the romantic side of H. The ' economic point which, must be apparent to all, is that this business was wholly created, and furnishes employ- ' ment and wages to a -vast num ber of people, profit to them all the i educational system h a d failed so sadly i ia the past that' it had not taught even professors themselves that a -book must be read through,, not merely skimmed.' . ,; ;' GRIN AND BEAR IT By Lichty if Japan loses the going to be around verv lori war. Should the ? Japanese neoole crack ' thAn tk militarists can say! "we've been let down," which will satisfy some, remote corner of their prideful personalities. . ! : - L ! f , f Premier Suzuki could hardly have given his peo ple any intimation that he might be thinking about surrender. But nowhere in the statement attributed to him did he say specifically that his government rejected the details listed by the allies as to just what unconditional surrender is going to mean. "It Is worth Remembering; that the ultimatum followed a Japanese propaganda broadcast com plaining that the allies had not yet said exactly what unconditional surrender would mean to Japan. Now Japan knows. i And even knowing, her ruling classes the im perial family, the wealthy clans, the military and naval cliques can give no sign now that they can even entertain such ideas as the allies list: Japan's 'demilitarization, occupation, land de-industrializa-I tion as far as war potential is concerned. I To the Japanese, coming round to this point of admitting the inevitable is one of the most painful mental processes? any segment of the human race has ever undergone. . jg - Never in history has any people been so woefully unprepared for a defeat which their own leaders have led them into. ? . j. Germany had been defeated before. Japan, never. 3 -I ACE ; r- ' j i i , - v i Z: along the line: from maker to drug store. Such businesses do not exist in Russia, or Britain, or in fact, ' any other nation. If you think I have selected a particularly biased example for a partisan purpose, consider automobiles, our largest Indus- try. Today we look on the auto as a necessity. It is not a neces sity:, to Russia,' Britain or any other place. It has become a necessity to us only because business initiative built it into a necessity. Good roads, compe tition . between , manufacturers, improved .high speed engines, brakes, .tires at declining prices in mass production, and many other factors combined to bring the automobile . up to its pres- ent ., economic position,, all be cause of one factor and one only the chance for private profit, The automobile industry would not be furnishing the jobs, wages and profits it does today all along the economic line from iroh miner to used car salesman except under, profit incentive system. It ia a created business, created solely ; by ; desire for profit. Eliminate, this - incentive ' and fewer and fewer cars will be sold, roads would run down, car improvements decline, 'prices would increase as mass produc tion declined, therefore also the wages, jobs and working condi-. tions would correspondingly de teriorate. The socialist who greedily wishes to capture the profits of this industry for dis tribution to the worker must see, if , he stops to think, that there must be much less profits to disribute in socialism and the benefit to the worker is more .than lost by the elimination of the factor of "created business." Take any product from tooth - 1 paste to I airplanes and, think honestly through its history, de velopments and its - economic contribution to our national in come. r ' I . . But the socialists say, there would be no unemployment un der this system.! They mean that the state- would promise to em ploy Everyone. True enough at the expense of the worker. As advertising stops, as man agement passes into political hands, as business is ha longer created, production also declines, efficiency falls', and therefore there must be less money to be distributed among the workers but there will be more workers because the government prom- of the building, on some fair basis of "rental, i : UAL would locate the ticket office at the westerly end of the field and the cityr would have to put in' water mains and improve a short "stretch i of " road to the county road running north and south I on the westerly edge . of the airport. The UAL proposal also Ssks the city to build landing-apron whose cost would run to an estimated, $27,000. If the airlines wants that location it ought to construct its own ap proach thereto, f '-: I'' I see no particular need for a c i t y - owned! administration building, The rentals would not amount to much.', If Salem were like San Francisco or Chicago,' an important junction point where many airlines converged, a single publicly owned building might f Jte ; desirable, to avoid cluttering up the Afield with, sep arate structures. Salem is not such a point and has no prospect of becoming one. At present only one line serves the city and an additional, local line is recom mended for licensing" y To sum up: the present sum of $50,000 apparently is not enough to provide an adequate airport building; the money probably will be needed for further air port improvements beneficial to the city. By permitting UAL to build the structure the public will be well served, the, city will get some rental from the land and; at the end of 20 years the structure will revert to the city. . Subject to the- requirement that UAL build ' its ; own ramp or apron,' its proposition seems to be one the city might advantage ously accept ! f ii 7 1 1. 1 Carload Meat ; r - ' j" I Rate Reduction Delay Sought Delay In reducing rates on meats shipped in carload lots from the mid-west to the Pacific coast has been asked by Public Utilities Commissioner George Flagglm a petition filed with the Interstate commerce commission. ( Flagg asks that : the 1 effective date of the reductions be delayed from September 10 to January 10. Many stockmen and grange of ficials have opposed the rate re duction on- the ground that the mid-west would flood the Pacific coast markets, which" would result in a pile up and decrease in live stock production throughout Ore gon Original reduction approved by the commission was 33 per cent, - K U ; Flagg said he wanted more time to study the new., rate and 'give consideration to other aspects of the situation. . L..,'', ... ' I -vs. ..,... Timbennen Protestlax A group of Coos county timbei owner appeared before the I state tax commission here .Wednesday and protested vigorously against the assessment of their properties as fixed by the Coos county board of tax equalization. The group argued that -their timber assessments had been rais ed approximately 100 (per cent, which was .unfair .and unreason able under present conditions Under -the law, property own ers who are dissatisfied with the assessment of county, equalization boards may. appeal to the state tax commission for final consid eration.! l , .,, ! The final engagement of ; the War of 1812 was the battle jof New Orleans.'" j"'., ; 'v. M ises to employ everyone. More workers then will! get less of a share in less business that is all socialism would mean. It is pure ly a- share-the-work arrange mentsharing of less work. This unemployment angle was never i an economic capitalistic gravity commensurate, with-the political attention directed to it At the depth of our worst depres sion our free spending labor gov ernment counted $,000,000 un employed and directed the whole economy, of the nation to that segment, emblazoning the prob ' lem on the front pages daily, but never mentioning that there were 45,000,000 then employed five times as many people working, paying taxes, contributing to the support of the unemployed, without a government thought wasted in their interest There The -.'Safety Valve LETTERS FROM STATESMAN READERS "YVh else Is Washington eaa we eenUet with enr offer eff JtS weeks ' ia vaudeville for the ' first war criminal : who's found nt guilty?" ...... ...'.,-! I-'-". .-I I--.- .w. APPRECIATE SALEM ! To the Editor: The. men of Camp Adair would like to voice a hearty ap preciation for the , warm and charitable welcome shown them by the residents of Salem and surrounding vicinities. The overwhelming hospitality of Associate Justice Brand and his wife who claim an only son in ; the army themselves,' typi fies, the admirable Oregonian spirit which will not soon . be forgotten by Adainnen, J The Brands treated a group of us men as might old friends and their unfailing efforts in: mak ing us feel at home has instilled a feeling of great indebtedness. Thus we would like to publicly acknowledge our gratitude to these whole-hearted, people who are fitting examples of many other benevolent ; Oregon La ns. ! Sincerely yours, Private John OTtlara, New York City. N. Y.; Private Dominick M. vSchiavoner Brooklyn, 17, N. Y.; -Pvt John J. Da varo, Philadel phia, Pa.; Pvt. Ben. J. Lesko, Pittsburg, Pa. Pvd Frank P. O'Neill. Brooklyn, 15, If. Y.; Co. D, Fifth - Bn., 2nd Rgt, Camp Adair.- . '" . have always been $.000,000 un employed in ; the i most active American business periods men between jobs, the lame, sick, fal tering and those not apt or in clined to apply themselves, many deserving, many not. j That a whole national econ omy, a whole political system, should be turned over and de stroyed to give them jobs that the interests of 3,000,000 people should prevail above 130,000,000 4s absurd. j i Not even eocialistically des potic Russia distributes her jobs on the basis of "need" any more. She has come to think in terms of efficiency, ability, effort and productivity. A nation cannot operate well otherwise. The so cialists are thinking in terms of old fashioned new dealism which never encouraged sound econ omics. -. '-i . j Now Britain proposes through her labor government to use the - nSAtvla'a .a . araiey to ouy public utilitiea and other industries, which already are-controlled In the people's Interest as to rates, prices, charges,; finances, etc. Why buy what you already con trol?. .' ! ! ., , - .-. ! ' I i liiumy iuuii vATOl rr TROUBLES TO US! IVcspiTftchRcpzirScrvicc j A Skilled Workmanship ussnuuKS Kesnlta AUlVr1k a Our Own Shep . Tm V ..1.1 - a ... . . : Si