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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (July 13, 1945)
I SSDQS iSflKDon ..; i - ' - . HE EEQUd 3 S I ' ! I ' . ' !-"' - '( - ' r- ' - . - '; I sm mm mm " s-ssw " ' . R M ' . ?sr?. IIikV, 'es iKi rr wCAiv,-:; NOP. ppp Complete returns lor Oregon's 1945 larra census have been made nublii They show a gain o 3.9 per cent in number of j farms dur ing the past five, years and an Increase of 10.2 per cent In total acreage farmed. The average size of farms increased oy jsix per cent, from! 290.9 acres in 1940 to 308.5 acresi in 1945. When the reports are studied in detail by counties the data be comes more vital. While the great cain lin total atcreagej farmed lies in the eastern Oregon counties, with only two exceptions the num ber of farms in those counties decreased. On the I other hand. with all counties of western Ore gon except three showing an in crease in number of farms, the increase in acreage in those coun ties is only 12 per j cent of the increase in eastern Oregon, The pattern which! the, statistics reveals is the -marked extension of size of the individual farm or ranch in eastern Oregon and a comparatively slight increase in Opening a senate floor fight farm size in western Uregon. against the Bretton Woods agree- The contrast is illustrated in its ments, Senator Taft (R-Ohio) de extreme form in the cases of dared today the proposed inter Klamath county and line coun- national "bank' would become a ty. tin the former, the total acre- "device for draining our savings an Barkley Stands Up for Bretton oods Program WASHINGTON, July 12 -(P) out; of the United States for the benefit of the rest of the world." He drew an immediate reply from Majority Leader Barkley (D Ky) who said the agreements rep resent "at least a fair chance of or.ljhreecattie ranchers were away fWi u ,4nTj 1 made after the last war. These age i in farms increased from 773,- 522ito 1,388, 339, or 814.817 acres. At the same time the number of farins declined front 1552 to 1431. This expansion of acreage seems almost incredible, j (Perhaps two t. Idinl m 4haii. lands didn't get Counted!) in takes, he said, led to the 1929 Lane county, however,5 while the depression. ! "No nation can preserve pros perity for itself if there is chaos in i the rest of the world," the Kentuckian asserted. i Officially, the legislation fori American participation in the in ternational monetary fund and the international bank, proposed in the agreements, will not reach the senate floor until Monday. It has passed the house: j Taft-operied the fight ahead of time with a 5000-word prepared speech against the proposed $9,- 100.000.000 hank HI. R. nihuriiw An increase in the number of on 83.175.000.8001. He said h farms and farm acreage in Marion wbuld deal In detail later with county was shown by the 1945 the $8,800,000,000 international farm census, a tabulation disclosed stabilization fund (U. S. quota Thursday. The average size of $2,750,800,000). farms dropped. ! Representatives of 44 United There was a smaller number Nations worked out the proposals of if arms and smaller farm acreage at the conference at Bretton in i Linn county. ! ' Woods, N. H..last summer. in.. .sJ. .nM-:.. r tine bank was conceived as an number of farms increased (Continued on editorial page) Farm Census Shows Gain For Marion PORTLAND, Ore July 12-Uft- Two fires which: have eaten through 34001 acres; of tinder-dry Oregon and Washington land were being slowly checked today, but a third blaze spread but of control. While more than 800 soldiers, students andj fire-fighters battled on fire Unes,tthe U.S. forest serv ice warned that northwest forests are in dangerous condition. Working hi hot, fslightly windy weather, 575 men virtually com pleted trails around a stubborn 3000-acre blaze on the Coastal range summit of northwest Ore- Jon. - ! . I ; - '-.! .'.'. In Mount Baker national forest, near the Skagit river area which furnishes Seattle'! war supply, 150 men were slowly controlling a 400-acre blaze, f The fire destroy ed ! some green timber, but was chiefly centered in rocky, snag covered land. r I i !. Still out of control was a blaze in the once before blackened Tilla mook burn, in: northwest Oregon. Forest officials estimated the fire has covered 400 acres. About 150 men Were dispatched to the lines. Meanwhile scores of small fires burst out in nearly every national forest, many in the wake of light ning t storms. Four conscientious objectors parachuted ; into . the Klamath forest to battle some! of the' quickly-extinguished blazes. No extensive damage was re ported, with both major Oregon fires 1 confined to logged-off f or burned-over land. ' . t both counties. Comparative figures: Farms 1935 Farms 1940 Farms 1945 Acres 1935 Acres 1940 Acres 1945 rehabilitation and economic devel- tonmmt of mpmhpr pniinWus U i Taft asserted that the whole 3849 $9,100,000,000 of potential loans , 33 could be sold in the United States. 32 4 3 Marion 5181 4785 ; 5259 ffiff-:.'2K2 Neiv Kiekless 385433 -465,554 Former Solon Says Charter Can End Wars ) ? : - WASHINGTON July 12 -)- A former ienafor told his colleagues considering the United Nations charter j today that war "can and is being abolished" and that Rus sia will carry through her end of the bargain. Blind, 89-year-old Robert L. Owen of Oklahoma Urged the sen ate foreign relations committee to speed ratification without pro- onged debate, "lest the power of the American people to use the opportunity! the world has await ed so long be weakened . Owen, who voted for the League of Nations covenant when it was defeated by the Senate after the last war, joined sides with a vet eran of, thif war in asserting that the organization f worked out at San Francisco can prevent future conflicts. i ... Lt Cmdr. Livingston Hartley. Washington, D. C; said he thought the battles; in which he fought could hav4 been prevented by a Average farm 1935! 74.4 Average farm 19401 78.7 Average farm 1945 73 J 130 146 142 Cannon Details Told by Arnty Marion Leads Increases in Covered;Help WASHINGTON, July 12-Uf)- The army disclosed today per formance details on its new kick less cannon, which fire artillery shells with no' more recoil than a 22 caliber rifle. The two guns, a 57 and a 75 millimeter, were battle tested in Europe and now are being turned Largest increase in the state in against the Japanese "with much payrolls covered by unemployment success," the army said. compensation for the period of : The 57 millimeter rifle,. which March, 1944,-Marjch, 1945, was can be fired from the shoulder or shown by Marion bounty, a report from a small tripod, weighs only of the commission here Thursday 1 45 pounds, yet can toss a regular revealed. ! I shell weighing about three pounds iMarion with om covered work- for two miles. ers and a covered payroll of $4,- The 75 millimeter rifle, weigh- 947,821 (despite the fact that the In HO. pounds (a regular field county's great state payroll is not artillery piece weighs more than covered), moved Klamath county one ton) throws a 14-pound shell ntit f thlrH nhn whil th state more man iour nmcs. as a whole showed a decrease of 12,112. . v , Multnomah county, still far in Air Force General Dies me ieaa, aiinougn i numucr Ijq Gen. Donald R. Good- covered workers dropped from 190,975 to 182,719 during the per- rich, 50, of Montgomery, who re cently returned from Europe lod, is followed by Lane county In wnere t . was commanding ten- the new listing. Lane, witn a smaix- eraj ef the eighth air force service er gain than Marion, had 13,987 command, died today at the AAF covered workers , and covered regionai hospital at Maxwell field, payroll of $7,175,478 In March, Jiimy authoriUes said death re sulted from coronary thrombosis. 1945. United; Nations peace tion. orgamza- Awards to Be Given Naval Heroes jjuly 17 CORVALLIS INAVAL HOSPI TAL, Jul 12 -(Special)- Nearly 100 awards, including the silver star, purple heart and a croix de guerre, will be presented to naval patients here next Tuesday morn ing, July 11 7, by Capt Paul Wil son, companding officer of the nospitai. i i The presentations is one of series ins which wounded heroes are being honored for their service to the nation, j ; At the Officers' club Wednesday night,! staff officers held a fare well party for Capt O. A. Smith, executive officer of the hospital who is being transferred to a sim ilar position at Aiea Heights,' Ha waii. ! He is to &e succeeded here by Captain Mathis. Col. Oveta Culp Hobby Resigns As WAC Chief ui s ; WASHINGTON July 12.-WV CoL Oveta Culp Hobby today re signed as women's army corps di rector, then watched her own eag les pinned on her deputy and suc cessor, Col. Westray Battle Boyce Colonel Hobby, selected more than: three years ago to help or ganize and direct the women's unit of the U. S.; army, told a news conference and a large group of WAC officers that she considered her Emission .completed." Asked why she was resigning, Colonel Hobby replied that she is returning to her family and her work as executive editor of the Houston (Texas) Post ! Colonel Boyce, i whose home is Rocky Mount, N-. C, takes over im mediately as WAC director, while Colonel Hoblpy goes on terminal leave before assuming inactive status September 3. J British Nations tpse 127 634 In Casualties Congress ! : i ; - OKsFund For FEPC Morge Attempts To Defer Vote With Filibuster WASHINGTON, July ll.-VPj- -The congressional fight over con tinuing the fair employment prac tice committee ended tonight with house and senate agreement on a $250,000 appropriation to run it in the 12 months beginning July 1. The legislators got t o g e t h e r when the senate accepted by voice vote house language which nulli fied a previous stipulation that the agency must use the funds to liquidate The $250,000 is just half what FEPC had asked. : Senator Morse (R-Ore) made a futile effort to defer a decision Until Monday. He said he hoped that if this were done the people at home would make their senti ments known and a larger , appro priation would be given the ag ency. ' ! He launched into what he term ed "extended discussion" - sometimes another name for fili buster - - in an effort to force de lay but gave up the floor after an hour and a half. " ; . During his speech Norse stress ed the theme that democracy is on; trial in the world and that it will be judged in part on the way t 'treats minorities.: , S By the time the FEPC fight was Now at Adair - ' ? . V. t - : ; , . jr i 4 "v. a. Si)" v i- ' By Lett Erkkson UAM, Friday, July 13 (AF)-More than 500 Super fortresses encountered fighter opposition over only one of fi?e targets and only slight antiaircraft fire as they touched off huge "red glows'? with 3000 tons of fire and incendiary bombs before dawn today at a Tokyo bay oil refinery and four Nipponese cities; j (. I 1 Y p . Returning pilots said the only enemy attempt at inter ception was oyer the oil refinery jon Kawasaki island in To kyo bay and Utsunomiya. It was Weak. 4 The raiders attacked by instrument through a blanket of clouds . ; I f : T" ' ' V- 1 ! - V Joseph Chifley New Australia Prime Minister From Okinawa, Associated Press Correspondent Robert Geiger re ported today that more than 100 Liberator and -Mitchell bombers, protected by 128 fighter planes, struck, Kyushu bases and the na val port of Aburatsu yesterday. Shortly after the 21st bomber command disclosed the sixth Su perfortress -strike in 13 days at NiDDon. fleet headquarters report ed a "strong flight" of marine CA-NBtitKA, Australia, juiy iz. Corsairs tore into the Kanoya na- W)-Joseph Benedict Chifley, a for- val air station on Kyushu the day m" locomoUve engineer, today befcf e. On the same dar. navv I became prime minister Of AUS- K ZfJ factory. Mtoj Itojtoje previonsly commanded replace-1 MaJ. Gen. F. B. Mallon. whchas aasamed eommand at the army groand forces replacement de pot N 2 which Is being actlva . meat depot No, 1 at Fort George nc ?n aster2; Kyushu- G. Meade, Md. damaged another and wrecked rail I ship of the dominant labor party. Vhtney, son of a blacasmitn. Keeps In Close Touch , I progressed to the highest office In (A dispatch from the Cruiser his- country on a platform of social Augusta taking President Truman reform for the little man. He had to the bic three conference said been acting prime minister in the chief executive was in touch I recent months, during the illness hourly with the powerful US of j Prime- Minister John Curtin, Third fleet off Japan. This hint- who died July 5. ed at possible new blows, for the The . new prime minister, who fleet has been under a security wBl be 60 September; 22, gained blackout since its big strike at impressive political stature while Tokyo Tuesday.) ' 1 setving as acting head of the gov- ( Building up " toward "the air I ernment during the absence of saturation of Janan." Gen. Doue-1 DCDutT Prime Minister Francis E. The commanding general of the hag MacArthur announced at Ma- Fqrde at the United Nations con- new army ground forces replace- niia that his veteran air leader, feence in San Francisco. mem aepoi no ai uunp Aaair r,en. Gcotk C. Kennev had be-1 I a- - - Maj. Gen. F. B Mallon - - was come too tactical air commander General Mallon At Camp Adair To Head Depot air commander I T - , TX "' 1 1 : at his new post at the camp today, and had moved advanced head- ILu XlcirClIIlclll The ceneral came here from I v . . Fort George G. Meade, Md where force to Okinawa, i TTat . W-.-U he commanded army ground for- (Kenney promptly said Japan Xll kJJU.VH tea iiiiidvcuicui uepgi no. , would e Domoea "irom iu.uuu -r i r t ended, the hour was so late that I which he organized in August, feet and. from ten feet, with fire I r'flPltlP I jt6M tomorrow on a $750,000,000 war placements for the European the- fighters! nd we will do it 24 agencies appropriation bill which aire, worm African theatre and hours a day. ) ; : f contains the FEPC item. Europe Will Get Less Food From America WASHINGTON, July 12.-)- The army will stop supplying food to civilians in Italy and in the r LONDON, July U.-VPfThe Wat cost the British commonwealth and empire 1,427,634 casualties up to June 1 of this year, including 532,233 killed or believed dead, it was officially : announced today. I jThe ministry of information said the total includes the armed forces, merchant seamen, the home guard and civilians in the United King dbm. British empire losses in the last war were 1,089,919 dead and 2,400,988 wounded. I (A Washington dispatch Thurs day said American casualties now totaled 1,049,104. ) 1 1 Civilians Jkujed, missing or in jured due to enemy action In the United Kingdom totaled 148,760, with 60,583 believed killed. 75,000 Allied Merchant Ships Crossed Atlantic LONDON,; July 12.-(ff)-The British admiralty disclosed to night that out of more than 75, 000 allied merchant ships that crossed the Atlantic under escort during nearly -six years of war the average loss was only one ship out of every 131 that sailed. Total losses Were 574 ships. . Animcl Crcclccrs ; 1 V WARREN ! GOODRICH ' "Arertl you going to say tomething about th new perfume fm ttearinz?n ODT Contemplates New Rail Travel Curbs for Civilians WASHINGTON, ' July 12-(JPh The ODT disclosed today that it contemplates new travel curbs on civilians, while the house heard a demand for a ban on the use of private railroad cars by wealthy families and railroad executives. ' , J. Monroe Johnson, director of the office of defense transporta tion, told reporters that further travel restrictions are contemplat ed "in all categories, not aimed particularly at sports. He made this remark after a conference with Harry A. Parr, in, - president of the Thorobred Racing association, and other rac ing officials. The conference dealt with ODTs order yesterday pro hibiting shipment of racing and show pnimala by ; rail or other public carriers. . Associates said Johnson, in men tioning further; travel restrictions, apparently referred specifically to the prospect of additional reduc tions in sleeping cars available for' civilian use. . j : . 1 In announcing last week an or der With JL-awing from service by noon next Sunday all sleeping cars operating between points 450 miles o less apart, Johnson pre dicted It might be necessary to withdraw still more sleeping cars for use f in carrying troops across the country, f 1 Actually rationing of travel for civilian is not ; being considered actively) and the ODT still hopes tfl aVOid it. i ''!:'- . I Ih the house, Eep. de Lacy CD Wash) Remanded that use of pri vate cars be discontinued by the railroads until war transportation needs are satisfied, 3 Killeil When Planes Crash COLUMBIA, S.C July 12-m- A Boston-Miami Eastern Air Liner and an army , plane collided 3000 feet in the air today, killing two army fliers and a two-year-old boy, one of It passengers aboard the liner. ' 11 if, ! I Captain G. P. Dss of Miami, Pilot and Cant. N. 12 Martindale, co-pilot, said the collision occurred as the transport was losing alti tude preparatory to landing at Co lumbia. s "" j I Davis said neither he, the co pilot, nor any of the passengers Saw the twin-engined army" plane ritil Just before the crash. : The ' child's mother, listed J.Irs. A. E. Williams of Miami, FU, was in a ; critical condition at Florence, S.CL hospital, 20 miles from the accident scene. "The child died en route to the hospital. OIL, SIIO&TAGE EXPECTED l WASHINGTON, July 12,-VPh The government advised house holders today to lay in a fuel oil Supply now inview of expected heavy , military requirements next winter. i' Weather 1 San rrancUco Eugen , . Salem ,,, -. Portland ,., Seattle Max. -5 Min. Bain 53 joo 58 '! .00 11 ! M UTillamtf rtvP S 1 ft. ! rnur- A !T Mrnm U. S weather 'bu reau. McNary field. Salem) : Clear and warm trviair with bo chance in tern- peraturea except maximum about 82. Mrs. Arnold R.I. Hardman, the former Margaret Siegmund, re- Italian theatre passed through this . Alona a 480-mile strio from the I ceived word Thursday that her depot. ! . i southern island of Shikoku north-1 husband, Lt, (Jg) Arnold Hard- The funits being ordered to ward -to-ssi -industrial city ' 60 Pn, had been toiled in a plane Camp Adair were formerly sta uoned at Fort Meade ' ' '(Additional story page 7) Marion Over i ' j ' ' i ' Bond Quota Marion county is over the top miles nbrtho" J Tokyot. the sky gi ants dumped their cargoes of de struction, bringing to nearly 18,- 000 tons the weight of bombs they crash in the oirth Pacific on Judo 2t. Mrs. Hardman haa a "message July 3 from the navy department that her husband was missing in have unloaded on Japan since action, but Thursday a letter came liberated countries of Europe on f its Seventh War Loan E bond July 1.1 The big Kawasaki oil center on a reclaimed island in Tokyo bay, previously hit in an April, raid, was the target of demolition bombs.! The blows on the home islands from one of his squadron mates that he had seen his plane crash, killing the entire crew. Lieutenant Hardman was a first pilot on a Privateer and left for overseas theTirst of April. He entered the service in August, 1942, after his graduation from September 1, the war department .uota istate war headquar- coincided with new successes lJ-IlrJ said today. M Iters in Portland announced Thurs- US air blockaders in the Yellow Hf,"1 V .TfTH: - JTllZ am. . . .I ' i 1 " 1 I MMil MMa aIa a . 4k ' Va1 m ine countries currently Deing - rtllnun-n rnmut rhrMl. supplied by the army are Belgium, With a 12,270,000 quota, largest of heavy strokes at the empire V, w;T,T ' f. v. T k.. Holland, Norway and Denmark. ever assigned to It, the county had climaxed oy a 1,000 earner plane Army shipments of food to the -mu,uyo worm oi Donds to raid on Toxyos air neias. Balkans were halted in May and credit when the campaign Two heavily-gunned enemy to France in April. f closed : Monday noon. . A department spokesman esti- Marion's war finance commit-1 troops j from China to invasion- mated that the army'had supplied tee, headed by Douglas Yeater had menaced Japan were driven back Sharyn Lynn, whom he never upwaros oi auu,uuu,uuu worm oi mv"'1 j wuica w uxwn.sui-aw &xi& nig parents Mrs. Ethel food to Europe during the last two added! $123,650, the county's pro- that is steadily throttling the is- U Hardman of Olympia, Wash., ed his naval air corps wings the At Willamette he was a member Of Sigma Tau fraternity. The ; couple's marriage took- place in August, 1943. Lieutenant SJSZJ"? PP0?" Hardman is survived by his wife Snd six months; old daughter. years. The United States, the Unit- portion of army-navy sales. (State land empire. ed Kingdom and Canada supplied results on page .2) total of approximately $1,250, 000,000 worth of food during that time. f Some food still will be sent to Germany for use by civilians but the department spokesman said that those shipments will be on a lower scale than the shipments to liberated countries had been.' 7ob Jumper' Rule Changed 5000. Troops Arrive Home Ind Dr. H. S. Hardman of Den ver, Mrs. Hardman and. daughter have been making their home here With her parents, Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Siegmund. (See picture on Senator Urges Issuing Terms WASHINGTON, July ; 12-(- A plea , that the Allies spell out now the terms of surrender for Japan was voiced in the senate to day by Senator Capehart (R-Ind) He expressed belief J that if the Japanese people knew what was in store for them they would be encouraged to surrender but ma jority leader Barkley (D-Ky) dis agreed. ',:-'- . ."""'', i . :-- It seems to me," Barkley told Capehart, "that would; do more to stiffen and strengthen the morale of the Japanese people than any thing else that could happen. "Certainly it would encourage them to think they could secure an easier peace than Germany did.' CAMP SHANKS, N. Y, July 12. ITS. r!nllilltlO WASHINGTON, July 12-flV CP)-More than 5000 troops arrived -w rw ' t Selective service tonight discon- today from Europe aboard seven 'T---1-.-I CI--w1-t " tinned the drafting of "job jump- army transports. - J 111110 , 01131701 V ers? over 28 who fail to meet the 1 The! largest contingent included j i 'j regular army physical standards. 5000 officers and men of the fourth WASHINGTON, July 12.HypV- It announced immediate can-1 (Ivy) division, who received the Combat casualties reported by the ceUation of so-called ' secondary I unit citation tonight at ceremonies I armed forces during the war rose calls which had put these men in I in thej Camp Shanks amphitheater, to 1,049,104 today with the navy special groups that did not qualify I : The citation was for "outstand-1 turning in its heaviest weekly for regular duty. ; Ming performance of duty against I increase in months. : ' Provisions for the induction of the enemyw In the Hurtgen forest I The total was 12.167 higher than other, job-jumpers are being re-land Sauer river areas. The men ar-i last week. The navy chalked up tamed, ams means tnat -regis- rived on tne sea Bass. 1 7,848 of the rise nearly double trants over 28 who are physically More than. 2000 servicemen, in-; the army increase of 4,321. I fit will continue to be inducted if I eluding J634 soldiers and 399 sail-; J While no dates were given for they; change Jobs without pennis-1 ors, are scheduled to arrive to-! 1 the period in which the navy sioh of their draft board. I morrow from Europe. Coming Big 3-Meeting May Establish Record for Length Army Will Use Naval Hospital At Gimp Adair i i By Ernest B. Tacarro ABOARD THE CRUISER AU GUSTA-WITH PRESIDENT TRXJMAN, July 12-(P-Presl-; dent Truman, neared Europe to night ' for a " conference" which will: cover so many problems that It may last longer than any pre vious "Big Three" session. - It was revealed aboard this warship that the conversations . , W4 mine Minister vjiurcniii CAMP ADAIR, July 12-Spe-and Premier-Generalissimo Stal- cial)-The army ground forces re-lin in conquered Potsdam wfll get placement depot here is to share under . way Monday or Tuesday facilities at the neighboring Cor-1 of next week. The president was vallis naval hospital on Camp A-1 reported convinced that the dair grounds, it was disclosed to-1 meeting on Berlin s outskirts will day. . Army medical and .nurse outlast those of Quebec, Teheran corps personnel already are on the I and Yalta. The Yalta meeting ground. Around 20,000 troops are lasted eight days. j expected to be handled here short- j i Except for the date of the ly for redeployment to the Pacific meeting itself, Mr.: Truman's war. . , .fp..,.. I schedule still was kept secret for casualties occurred, . the figures apparently reflected the bitter sea air battles off Okinawa. The-aggregate 9 11,718 for the army and 133,386 for the navy included 243,163 killed, 635,839 wounded, 48,777 missing and 121, 323 prisoners.' I Spain Getting JT0ft No U.S. Sugar security reasons. L ; (From Belgium, however, It was .reported that the president tial party was due to reach Ant werp . Sunday enroute dam. The 137th regiment 35th division arrived in Antwera today to serve as honor guard. WASHINGTON, July I2m Mr. Truman served with lhe 35th I Actinr Secretary of State Josepn as an artfljery officer in World C. Grew said today that the Unit- war; I, and lt was at his request ed States currenuy is snipping that th tmnnt fmm that niitm I CUCar to SDailk - drew the assignment.) j In response to questions, Grevr - Mr. - Truman, 4 In thickening said there was joint British weather, stuck today to the ad- American supply agreement to miral's cabin aboard the Augus- send 30,000 tons to Spam during ta, immersed in discussions oh the first half of 1945. The sugar, the great issues to come up for however, was supplied from Brit decision at Potsdam.. Partidpat- ish sources in the Caribbean, n in in the talks -were Secretary said, and was transierreu u - I Coa Tfw,A 'V TtvrnM inri I ish shiDS. I . ' nt a a wni!,m n Tshv. In return, Spain agreed not to the president's personal chief of enter the world market for any NINFTYTIFTH YEAH H PAGES I I Sodom, (W Frldor Mornlna. Julr 13. 1943 I I f : Pric 5e No- 83 i oeii. 41 an fires ibontroiiea: Opposes Third:. Spreading JKankFl staff. other sugar, Grew added. 1 ' ' " " 3 1 -,..'! i I
