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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (June 28, 1945)
Th 02EGON STATCIIAH. Solera, Onqaa. Thursday Manag, Joae S3. 1813 PAGE FOUR V :MMMMmMM A TINE STATEMENT l; - , mMi PRESIOEKT t ' "' i "No-Favor Sways Ut; No Fear Shall Auom From First Statesman, March 2S, 1851 THE , STATESMAN PUBUSHING COMPANY Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in Os newspaper. Churchill Campaigning - 'Leopold to Quit i The British take their politics seriously. Po- '. King Leopold has been having hard time litical campaigning there is far more rough and.- to get back his throne in Belgium. He has been tumble than it is in America. Prime Minister Churchill, though past , 70, is not resting on his laurels, making front porch speeches at No. 10. Downing street. He is out on the hustings, battling as though he were in his first race for parliament. - We rather think the old boy likes it. He was never one to run from a fight, whether in the field, in the commons or in the cabinet. And the people seem to treat him like any other "candidate, applauding or booing as the spirit moves them. While Churchill stands in his own district, he is carrying the campaign through England and Scotland vigorously, calling for a "great majority." He has 50 speeches scheduled in a four-day tour of Scotland. He travels by open car, speaks in the cities and villages. The news report says he was "cheered, booed, hand clasped and heckled." - Churchill has -squared off toe-to-toe with the labor party whose program he calls rank socialism. He ridicules labor's "far-off dreams and utopianism." He draws hecklers, after the English manner, where; name-calling and invec tive are part of the stock-in-trade at political rallies. ' General prediction is that Churchill will win. After all, Britain : can't turn down the man whose resolution, and appeal strengthened the people in their darkest hour. And in spite of his objurgations heaped on the socialists, his government will probably extend its paternal ism only a few steps behind the pace-setting laborites. Death Without Fear, Regret The bodies of Lt. Gen. Hitsuru Ushijima, commander on Okinawa, and of his chief of staff, Lt. Gen. Isamo Cho, have been found. They had followed Japanese convention and committed hara kiri. Found with General Cho's body was a white silk mattress on which he had written r "I depart without regret, fear, shame or obligation." Whatever the Jap philosophy is, it must have some substance to enable a man to termi nate his own lifewith such calm confidence. How many Christians on the eve of death from natural causes can speak with as great self-assurance? ' " In Germany the allies fought a political ideology; in the Pacific they fight a religious philosophy which is far tougher than fascism When the' normal instincts of self-preservation are suppressed by .the compensating . glory of martyrdom for the emperor, victory comes only after executing the enemy, as we have found everywhere in the Pacific. If that must be done can we not find some quicker way of accomodating the Japs? Poison gas might serve. It seems more humane than use of flamethrowers. tarrying in Salzburg, after his release from German custody, under the excuse of recuperat ing . from effects of his - captivity. Those who have seen him say he looks fit. The fact is that the real reason Jor his failure to return to Belgium is local opposition to his resuming the throne. Leopold has been under a cloud since his army capitulated to the Germans abruptly in 1940. At first the stunned allies, France and Britain, were sharply critical of the Belgian monarch for not staying in the fight or not giving notice to the allies of his intentions. Further investigation, however, indicated that he had kept the allies informed of the plight of his armies and their inability to withstand the German blitz; and history probably will absolve him from being guilty of cowardice or defection. Nevertheless, the early criticism lingers in the public mind. There is one other" complaint against the Belgian king and that is his marriage to a commoner. His queen, Astrid of Sweden, it ; is recalled, lost her life in an automobile accident. The king was disconsolate for quite some time, but during the war married one not of royal blood. That meets with objection in court cir cles. But the real opposition to Leopold's return, stems from the radicals, the socialists, the communists, who do not want him back. Since these elements are now strong in Belgium the king is unable to constitute a cabinet with out them, and their refusal to participate seems to leave him no alternative than to abdicate.' Royalty exists today only with assent of the people. , ;:; . There's No Front i ' "Y .VA , ' Now' to Escape- e - rf-" - -v- ' From "TAmom" ' BhtiBtatai b Kin kir uriMMt wit la Watkita IN OCCUPIED GERMANY-ypy-One of the worse contagions to sweep a military now is inexorably closing in xm Amer ican troops in Germany. It is called "occupational- discipline," " end is a similar disease to what once was known as freer area chicken pox while battle still raged on the 'western front; The only difference was that fa those days a doughboy could escape its ravages by returning to the front-and you would be surprised how many did Just that. Now, however, there Is no es cape. Since there is no front and no rear to this occupation . al business, all troops must suf fer the same emphasis on disci pline. Regardless of where they are, they are expected to spruce up, keep their blouses or field jackets properly buttoned or zip ped up, and so forth High ranking military men say it is necessary especially in the case of somewhat idle troops, in order to keep them from turn ing into a disorganized, undis ciplined mass. And; it may be they're right. However, it's just another irritation to the average ex-combaS officer and enlisted Fighting Words Dip 933HQB lLH. mil News Behind the News By PAUL MALLON (Distribution by King Features Syndicate; Inc. Reproduction in whole or in part strictly prohibited.) - ! ! Rosson Heads Department ' Hugh Rosson has shown capacity as an or ganizer in many positions in .Oregon and with out doubt will again demonstrate real ability as director of the veterans' department of the, state. It will be his task to organize the new department designed to give assistance in a variety of ways to war veterans. In an office like this much depends on the energy and in telligence of the director. A lazy or indifferent man would draw his salary and rot on the job. Rosson is not that type. He will work unremittingly to do for veterans the job need ing to be done. Not to be overlooked is- the further fact that Rosson's experience as po litical manager in Oregon and his wide ac quaintance makes him an asset in the Snell administration. Lord Haw Haw, accused of treason against Britain, will try to escape on the ground he was born in America. The English will prob ably give him. the "haw haw" on that. No one ever noted that he talked like an American. A coupons are worth SO per cent more than they have been. A single coupon with the number 18 on it entitles the car owner to six gallons of gaso line against the former four. The increase comes i at the time of year when It will be most enjoyed. Many a family now can get in a trip to the beach or the mountains. With more gasoline will come more car-miles of travel, and more chances of acci dent." Mix caution with your gas, particularly over the period of July 4. Interpreting The War News Br KIRKE L. SIMPSON Associated Press War Analyst Postal employes can throw a clambake how, If they can get the clams. They have had the first salary increase in their base pay since 1025. Almost without exception postal em ployes have standards of loyal service rarely equaled and the public they serve are gen erally gratified that their requests for more adequate compensation have at last been grant ed by congress. (Continued From Page 1) they "fog" the mind of the read er. The third test is the human interest factor. People are in terested in people ; and news stories about people seem to get wide reading. Ditto on dogs or other animals. So. the news service prods its reporters to aim at "shorter sen tences, fewer unfamiliar or com plex words, and more human in terest" Like all statistics dealing with the mass, the results seem dis couraging. Those interested in physical well-being drag out th number of rejections by the ar my. Those interested in mental health point to the increasing number who have to be hos pitalized for mental illness. Those who worry over divorce or juvenile delinquency -.: can blow you over with alarming statistics. So it ought not to be surprising if the reading age of the masses runs from six to nine. Addicts of funnies and comics do not seem to rate above the kinder garten age. I do not go much on writing by tape melsure. If a reporter uses clear, clean English his meaning will get across. To use a hack-saw ' every 18 words makes for monotony; and some times there art ideas that must be ' reported which cannot be done in words of one syllable. It dulls one's style if ne has to keep in mind the necessity of diluting his writing to a given, low-agt level. In fact, if newspapers and periodicals are valuable for pop- ' ular education they ought" to prod the minds of readers to ; some measure of Intellectual ef fort The - reporter must adapt his style to his general medium, to be sure; but to my mind dull ness is a worse vice in writing than tailoring , words and sen tences to fit a rule. WASHINGTON, June 26 A Boston reader wrote me asking what is this thing called com munism and why should it not" dominate Europe. The Russians seem to be fair ly agreeable peasant people. As General Eisen hower said, they like 4o laugh and en Joy life. They are not a war like people. Yet their gov ernment comes at you with the grimmest man ner ever known to man, from a w 1 Faal afaJlaa GI phone calls from London were far more than facilities could handle over the weekend. Three thousand soldiers wanted to talk home at $12 apiece probably 90 per cent of them collect with the reversed charges gladly ac cepted. .- MIAMI, FlaHJPHt's hard to believe that any more bottle necks are needed in the United - States but Pan American air ways can prove we're import ing the things. "Cargo contents: Two- bottlenecks: weight, one quarter of a pound; value, $2.10, hole so deeply walled with cen sorship that it will never let escape a single verifiable sta tistic about itself, or even a sin cere convincing statement of its purpose. What is this thing with which we are faced? "What does it want? ' This raises the prime ques tion of the world today for' it is the question behind ' war or peace, behind the strength or weakness of the San Francisco peace formula, behind prosperity and world trade, world politics everything that is ahead of us economically, politically and spiritually. If we are going to live in peace with this new world force, we must know it and handle it What is it? Is it something to fear? To war against? To ap pease? . We cannot agree upon these answers until we can agree on what it is- We cannot handle it until we understand it. An agreeable answer is there fore worth searching for, no matter how long, how much , thought or how many columns it may eventually take. The first penetrating glance at the Russian system will tell you it is not communism. It is not what it calls itself, because it practices the communal owner ship and operation theory only on its farms., , In industry, where its govern ment has always, made, greatest efforts, it follows a kind of so cialism, but with "rents and" profits" which are repugnant to socialism. So, it is not socialism. Norman Thomas , will be the first to tell you that. The A- From the Liberty street lineup you would think the cigaret tax -had really carried. , Editorial Comment TKUMABT8 FINANCIAL PROBLEM It is , something of a shock to hear that the president of the richest nation in ' the world is having some trouble living on his salary, like any Joe Do&ks or John Doe. Time was when the president was the only person " in our government who . could get rich on his salary. Wood row Wilson was said to have saved $400,000 the eight years , he was in the White House, economic Calvin Coolidge saved a lot of money. Hoover and Roosevelt were wealthy, so it made no difference to them. Truman, however, has scant private means. He went broke in the clothing business, after World War I and though not legally bound be kept paying on those debts and finished only after he .became vice president He has to live on his salary. Well, isn't that $75,000 plus a lot of free services and a $30,000 expense account? Seems like it ought to be ample. The "hitch" is the income tax, which with his family exemptions will leave 'him $23,600. Then the. Missouri state Income tax will take a drag out of that : v The new president and his wife have already reduced the White House servant staff from 29 to 20 and Mrs. Truman has constituted herself a watchdog of the treasury so far as White House expenses are concerned, the first time since Coo lidge'a day the august mansion has had or needed one. ' . ' . . . Of course the president must keep up appear ances. Economy can go only so far. It looks like congress bad better vote the head man a little more money. The $75,000 -salary . would be ample if he got most of it, but he doesnX and won't fqr some years. And he has - a living standard that must be maintained, even though he and his wife would doubtless be glad to dispense with-a lot of it Baker Democrat Herald. read the way-bill on a parcel air-expressed by clipper from.1 mericaD socialist is the bitterest Kingston, Jamaica. enemy of the Russian system, al- By Lichty Capping General Marshall's recent nomination of Russia's role as the great "imponderable" of the war with Japan, President Truman's repeated references to that conflict in his address to the United Nations conference in San Francisco invite attention. They were certainly not made inadvertently. Probably no Truman remarks since be became president were more fully canvassed in advance by his advisers. The importance of. the occasion would justify that. Nor could Mr. Truman and his advisers conceivably have forgotten that Russia, not at war with Japan, was a major factor in the San Francisco proceedings. Yet here, are three separate exceprts from that presidential speech: ' "History will honor you (the conference dele gates for it- (the world charter). Between the victory in Europe and the final victory in Japan, in thia most destructive of all wars, you have won a victory against war itself." Some paragraphs later: "We (the United Nations) have tested the prin ciple of cooperation in this war and found that it works. Through the pooling of resources, through . taint and .combined military command. : through ?P;-"2L-'9M?r we.? GRIN AND BEAR IT united strength can do in war. That united strength forced Germany to surrender. United strength will force Japan to surrender." Still again, later: "But I know I speak for every one of you, when I say mat the United Nations will remain united. They will not be divided by : propaganda either before the Japanese surrender or after." That Truman language and the contest from which it was taken is open to the possible inter pretation that he regarded the United ' Nations . fellowship represented at San Francisco and in cluding Russia as much aimed against Japan as it was again fallen Italy and Germany. There Is no record that such an inference drew any pro - test from Russian sources here or , in Moscow, and that fact must add to" Japanese unease in Manchuria, prime terrain for tank warfare, at which Russians armies excelled in the march, from Stalingrad to Berlin, v - J - Whatever the real significance of Mr. Truman's repeated references to the war with Japan, It was unquestionably a departure from the custom that had previously Jcept top-flight discussions of strategy against ' Germany ; and Japan in com pletely separated compartments. President Roose velt's first meeting with Marshal Stalin and Prime Minister Churchill at Tehran followed his session with Churchill and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek at Cairo. That was because of Russian non-participation in the war against Japan. If that war -was touched upon by Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin at their victory-in-Europe session in Yalta, it has never been publicy ' disclosed. - Yet on the eve of ms first meeting with his British and Russian fellows of the "big three," President Truman made no attempt to exclude references to the Pacific war from a speech before a United Nations gathering which included Russia. Just what that signifies time alone will tell but "I merely asked him te write a simple ad eombinlni the idea el it cannot fail to add. to the rising aprehension the retarainx soldier, sweetheart, a vtne covered cettage, mother, in bomb-blasted Tokyo. . end Saedira , Hrsend2shT ... . though the official title of Rus sia is "The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." 1 Apparently there are all kinds of socialism, Including the late Hitler kind, The word nazi is derived from the German title of Hitler's national socialist par ty. Thus we have Russian, Ger man and American socialism, the most implacable foes of each other, all swearing death against each other. This being so, what is it? The Russians called the Ger man socialism "fascism," and we have accepted .that term, but is it correct? Fascism, in theory, is a government by classes work ing together. The name was' de rived from the Italian word "fasces," denoting a handful of sticks held together. This was the insignia of fas cism. It symbolized the gath ering together of the various class groups into a supposedly legislative (cabinet) assembly one representative for the auto industry, one for auto labor, one. for the farm; one for the manu facture of farm implements, eta. Whereas we elected our con-, gressmen to represent geograph ical districts containing all class es of people, the fascist theory advocated a national representa tive setup on class lines. It was Mussolini who insti tuted this at first in Italy. It did not work. He took it over as dictator on a per diem theory basis. The parliament and coun cils tended to become a nonentity in a nation where" terrorism re stricted politics to one party of. which there was one leader, and the individual was made the slave of the state. , " These indisputable facts sug gest our thinking even on this subject has been warped by se mantics. There are all kinds of dictatorships around -the world. Russia calls all except her own, fascist This is no, more ac curate than to call Russia "com munist" Hitler borrowed methods from Mussolini, but not -the fascist system. Indeed Hitler had a reichstag (parliament) elected by districts, but he, too, allowed only one party to exist tj force, power, terrorism. Now both Mussolini and Hitler created their systems in opposi tion to an older political move- ,ment in Europe, using all the same methods, but still another . form of "cell" representation un der a dictatorship - variously ' called communism,' bolshevism and Marxism. -."' v ..':. The theory of a dictatorship of the proletariat was conceived out of the German philosopher Marx, to overthrow capitalism. - The Marx theory -was negative and, like ' most philosophies, broad enough to encourage any thing ; going . its anti-capitalist way. . The bolshevists favored . immediate revolution for over throw of capitalism and Lenin wrote the communal dogma, compromising the Marx bolshe vism, and Stalin has compromis- : ed it further. ' ' .: But the methods of secret po lice, absolute discipline upon the individual, no free " election' choices, subjection of the indi vidual to the will of .the state, purges, and singleheaded dicta torship were originated by j the self-styled -"communists," and taken up and imitated with equal or greater , violence by Mussolini and Hitler, on the plea of sup pressing communism. I suppose yod might losely call the Russian' system "Marxian bo!shevism,T but this would be true only to the extent to.which you might say "Moses Christian" to describe Moses as a forerun ner of Christ : V." I I Indeed, your justification would ' be less, because Russia has profits, interest and rents, which - Marx - described as ! the horrible habiliments of capital ism. " . : , : . h i - The Russian system, therefore, . ia , some thing t. new- without a All of which led to the story about a young infantry lieuten ant who eventually got tired of answering by endorsement about his men. Finally - - so the story goes - - this platoon lead er 'sat down one afternoon and answered his most recent noti fication of his soldier's wrong ' ' ' s '' ' : - Tho Literary Guidepost Br W. G. Keren "A - DURABLE FIRE," y DaroOiy , James Roberts (MacMlllan; $2.7$). First we had Miss "Roberts' "Man of Malice Landing" and now we have a woman from the same Ohio river town, but you'll be delighted with the woman. Her name is Glee Vanny . . . Glee for Gloria, definitely not for glee. We - meet her when she's born and follow her thru her first love affair. She's a problem child, or per haps it should be put the other , way around: she's a sensible and intelligent child in a problem society; Miss Roberts is tackling the fundamental question of the relation of the individual to his community. Glee's mother is an amiable fuddy-duddy, her fa ther has the brains, and it is from him that she inherits her admirable independence and her need for something more but of life than dances, bridge, teas and pretty frocks. Somewhere along in the story of this gui's exciting, troubled, and often unhappy growth, the idea behind it all loses its "mo mentum; if I may twist the title . out of its proper meaning, the fire is not durable. But where fire does burn, it's bright and hbi The opening chapters are i fascinating. You ' will -be deeply, moved, also, by Glee's acceptance of love and rejection of marriage, and youH hope that, by now, with the first affair out of the way, she's well along in the second. It's a novel I like, but more than that, one I respect The publisher correctly calls Jt "sin cere and serious" which is more than can be said for most of our fiction. t . TALKS or THE GOLD RUSH." r Bret Bart (tfug lrM). Here is a collector's item, bound in cream -and- brown, boxed, illustrated handsomely by Fletcher Martin and with an introduction by Oscar Lewis. The volume contains IS stories, of which the best known are probably "The Luck of Roaring Camp" and -"The Outcasts of Poker Flat" written ideolorr. It is an im provisation, without fixed prin ciple, it is a negation of all existing pridples outside of Rus sia, but it has no affirmative doctrine, except that it control, and its control be despotic. I would say the most accurate name for it would be the despot ism of the proletariat, which is the sole distinction it colors from other despotism carried on by .11 ' a m outer pouueu pa rues ana con trary groups of i politicians In other countries. I will continue the search for accuraie understanding as to ex actly what is this thine . with which we are faced, or think we are threatened in subseauent col umns from time to time in hopes of establishing a sound theorv for working with it, or alongside It, in peace. ' doing with a mean gleam in his eye. i , The soldier's crime had been speeding, so no one thought much about it until the lieuten ant's immediate superior . was called to the phone. A few min utes later he came storming to the lieutenant's desk. "Lieutenant," he snapped frostily, "precisely what punish . ment did you tell the provost ' marshal had been meted out to Private Jones?" "Oh, that," said the lieuten ant "Well, sir, it seemed they were never satisfied .wlh any thing I. do, so I simply acknowl edged receipt, of " Jones' ticket for speeding and said we'd "had him shot" Red Cross and YMCA Lauded By Yeteran Red Cross packages and YMCA sports equipment cannot be given too much credit for their part in keeping war prisoners in German camps alive, Second Lt-Raymond Steinke of the 36th infantry divis ion told 'the Hollywood Lions club at its Wednesday luncheon meet ing. 1-; - . Steinke, home on a 60-day leave. fold of his own experiences as a war prisoner. In chronological or der he related the story of the landing at Salerno, his capture and transportation to areas behind the lines, telling of his treatment at various camps. '' . Motor transportation was badly disrupted he said, and prisoners were shipped, in 40 & 8 cattle cars with little or ho food to a pro cessing camp outside Munich. Steinke was then sent to an offU cers camp in Poland. German ra tions of grass soup and black bread given the men- when Red -Cross packages did not arrive weren't fattening and many of the men lost as much as 20 to 25 pounds each, he said. i Just before the Russians arrived at the camp in Poland, the pris oners were moved to a camp near Berlin, where food and treatment were poor. Russian prisoners re ceived the worst treatment from the Germans, Steinke declared. On April 21 the German guards were gone and the prisoners were given top priority for transporta tion home. Even had the Pacifie northwest .not been "home" to him, it would still, be easy to rate it as more beautiful than any part of j Europe, the speaker said. M. Steinbock To Appear on Fraud Charge PORTLAND, June 27-(;P)-Mike Steinbock, Salem, wfll appear In federal court here on a charge of making ; false statements In" ob taining permission to build Leon ard's Supper club in the capital city. -.. Steinbock was charged in a fed eral grand jury indictment with telling the war production board that his establisment's chief pur pose was to provide hot lunches for war workers but construct ing instead a dub whose opening drew; dozens of state legislators last January. , Lumber used for building was better than the grade specified In Steinbock's application, the In dictment asserted, and ; the con struction cost almost three times as much as the 15000 estimate giv en the WPB. - ( - ; Arrested . Monday, Steinbock Posted $1000 beO. Ha was for mally charged with violating the WPB conservation order. Lethal Cocktail Called 'Smoke' r01l84Men SEATTLE, June 27-(4VLetlul cocktail made with wood alcohol, methyl acetate, kerosene and Eth yl alcohol and known as "smoke" has killed four men, possibly blinded fifth; and made others seriously ill, Dectective Captain James Lawrence said today. - , The captain, head of the police department's homicide division, said five men were held on open charges in connection with the case after a raid on a hotel sub basement where the mixture was being manufactured.