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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (May 25, 1945)
18 PAGES Salem, Oregon. Friday Morning. May 25, 1945 Price Sc. No. SI t r NINETYOTTH YEAR n nD - n tea (M;DDCote - -ill Tb bombs lined up In the picture above are for the one B-29 Superfortress pictured. Multiply this . load by 550, the number of huge bombers that blasted Tokyo Thursday morainr, and one can fain a vague Idea of what hit the Jap capital. (AP Wirephoto). (See story on pare 2)i I OTP mum TO3GDCQ ' Tuesday we received a telegram from King Features ayncucaie, which furnishes us with the daily Paul Mallon column, saying "The office of censorship request that you kill Paul Mallon's column for release Wednesday May 23rd. It is permissable to publish the fol lowing: "There is no column, by Paul Mallon today. His column was killed by the office of cen sorship'." i The Statesman acquiesced and did not run the column but after reading it I. would state bluntly that the action of the office of cen sorship amounts to political cen sorship of news, no liss. As I suspected, the order or request tied in with two recent "requests" of editors not to speculate on the probability of Russia's entering the war with Japan. But that is a subject on which the people have been talking ever since we got into the war and particularly since V-E day. -1 have . commented on this subject twice in this column, once just a few weeks ago. -The Qre gonian devoted a leading editorial to it To attempt to suppress such comment goes beyond the necessi ty for military- security,' save as political decisions may affect mili tary affairs. ; On. such broad in terpretation of military security virtually all . political comment on international . questions j could be censored.-'?,..' -" . : r r.Thei Office, . of v Censorship in blanking put the Mallon cojumn Is clearly acting as censor in the which is extremely dangerous. To stifle the reporting of news with appropriate comment thereon, which was the content of Mallon's article, -puts public opinion, at the mercy of (Continued on Editorial page) Big 3 Meet Not Probable Before" July LONDON, May 24.-;Pr-The pos sibility of a big three meeting be fore mid-July appeared extremely remote tonight as premier Church ill plunged into the task of form ing a temporary cabinet and rally ing his conservative party xor a finish fight in the general elections Julv 5. " i; The powerful and challenging labor party served notice It would be a no-quarter battle for, the con trol of Britain when it voted un animously in convention at Black pool never again to join the con servatives In a coalition govern ment and called for "complete ex tinction" , of - Churchill's "tory? party? '' '.'- :i i : Responsible government . quar tmlr ih rtnsition ' that the &v k a r , ed by the country's first general elections in 10 years would rule out Any possibility of a big three meeting before mid-July, at the earliest.' Results - of the Election -will not be known until July. 27 or 28, due to the necessity of count ing the service vote. i ; Tennessee Mill to Stop Shipping Underwear KNOXYILLE, Tenn, May 24 (P)- Standard Knitting! mills of Knoxville today notified its cus tomers that it could make no more shipments of civilian under wear after the first of the month. V President Ed McMillan said an OPA order becoming i effective June 1 made it Impofeible' to ship underwear for civilian consump tion except at a "definite loss." Weather Salt rranelac Knccne - Salem Portland - Max. 8 -,47 M I - MlB. 41 41 4S 4 i M in. - BUI M M trace C2 Willamette river 1 It I '. mneilT ttrnm 17. I WUtlMr r..n. McNarr field. Salem): Only rinndin! mst ! tat day. ..m.mut warmer tola afternoea. 414-4 Truman Will Fly To Coast WASHINGTON, May 2i.-(JP)-President Truman decided today to travel to the San Francisco con ference early next month by air. He thus will establish a prece dent since no chief executive has ever flown across the continent while in office. The nearest thing to a domestic presidential flight was the late President Roosevelt's take-off from Miami for Casa blanca via Brazil early in 1943. Mr. Truman also may make an ocean flight soon if the coming Big Three meeting which the White House said today is "def initely in the works" is held out side the United States. Incidentally, Charles G. Ross, the president's press secretary, said the special missions of Harry L. Hopkins to Moscow and Joseph E. Davies to London were "part of a general pattern" of the project ed Truman-Stalin-Churchill meet ing and not a substitute for such a meeting. Hopkins left for his conference with Stalin yesterday morning. Davies departed last night or ear ly today. ' Ross, iri stating that the Big Three meeting, was "definitely in the wojks," said he had seen some speculation that the Hopkins-Dav- lesT trips iight maka,h3if Thrfe meeting unnecessary ne.sai,the scheduled British elections, .in bis opinion, need not interfere" with plans for such a, meeting. President Truman will return to Washington from . San Francisco also by air after a side trip of a day or two to Olympia, Wash., for "rest, and . recreation.'' " In: the northwest he will Visit .Governor Mon C. Wallgren, who was very friendly with the president in their senate days. Pantry-Wide Investigation Is Scheduled WASHINGTON, May 24 -(JP)- The man President Truman chose for secretary of agriculture tonight ordered a. pantry-wide congres sional investigation "of food short ages and black markets. . ' Chairman Clinton P. Anderson (o.-N. M.) of the house food in vestigating committee announced the group will leave Washington June lj for a cross-country probe of butter, eggs, poultry, fruits and vegetables, meat and fish. Anderson will become secretary of a reorganized agriculture de partment on July 1. -mere is a black market in poultry,' Anderson told a reporter, "and there is a strong possibility oi a black: market in eggs. "We want to finish the food in vestigation program I planned at the outset before I leave the com' mittee so the congress and the government can have a complete picture of the entire situation." 400 Determined Women Step Into 7th War Loan Campaign Nearly 400 women, determined to keep Marion county's war rec ord .unsullied, stepped : Into the Seventh War Ln campaign yes terday in a concerted effort under leadership of Mrs. James T. Brand, chairman, to contact all potential bond purchasers and "selT them on the idea of getting behind the war job with a bang. Through downtown booths, "sec ond story" solicitation, scouring the residential districts and en rolling newcomers on the Walt Disney s cradle roll the women workers expect to put new life Into the drive that so far has been lag ging by far other opening weeks. County Chairman Douglas Yeat er was unable to report the "first million" in bond sales as he had hoped, but with the new enthusi asm of the women workers he ex pects 25 per cent of the $4,320,000 quota to be sold by the end of the week. Individual purchases pass ed the $800,000 mark, , of which $545,500 was in bonds. wmri Americans Spend Mora for Goods : TlianLast Year WASHINGTON, May 2i.-(JP)- Americans are spending even more for goods? and services than they did last yfar. :- ' ! ; . The commerce department said today consumer; expenditures iln the first quarter of 1945 rose to the record annual rate of $104,000,- 000,000, after adjustment for sea sonal variations.! This represents a gain of four per tent front the rate of the fourth quarter of 1944 -and of nine per cent' over the first quarter of 1944, when all i figures are adjusted to eliminate, .purely seasonal factors. Mindanao Isle mpaignin) MopfUp Stage! i f -- i 5 f ' s MANILA, Friday, May 25.-(-Three American! divisions joined along a north-sdnth highway on central Mindanao Wednesday, and Geni Douglas MacArthur report ed today the campaign on that big Philippine! island had reached the "mopping-up stage." f The juncture bisected Mindanao front Macijalar t)ay on the north to Davao on the south, and served to doom remnant of an enemy garrison once estimated at 50,000 trooi.;:;.,'i.-.;l-:::.---' Maj. Gen. Clarence Martin's 31st division made , contact with the 40th; under Maj. .Gen. Rapp Brush, and the American division under Majl GenJ William H. Arnold along the fSayre; highway against only: slight resistance. ' I ' The bitfkest part of the central Mindanao; Japanese force with drew to the hills east of the road to fight it; out. - , "V . Mai. Gen. Roscoe Woodruffs 24th division to the southeast fought a slugging battle with a large Japanese force entrenched between the Davao and Talomo rivers on Davao i gulf. One regi ment going up the coast joined a guerrilla force moving south. , WPB Gives OK For 200,000 (Mrs in 1945 DETROrT, May 24.--Produc-tion of 200,000 passenger automo biles this year was formally auth orized today by the war produc tion board! carrying out decisions reached at WPB-industry confer ences in Washington a week ago. Tied to .pie authorization, how ever, was a stipulation that the industry must find its own ma terials in the "free market"; that it could not be accorded materials priority, f : Under he authorization car manufacturers are permitted to, place orders now for materials. delivery to start after July Henry P. 4 Nelson, WPB coordi nator for the automotive industry in i the reconversion effort, said few if any manufacturers would be able to get cars off the assem bly lines before i October 1. ! With Mrs. Bessie Kayser, im mediate past present of the Min ute Maids, as chairman, nine new "second story workers" were en listed as follows: Misses Dorothea Steusloff, Helen Yockey, Marguer ite Gleasori and Mesdames Will J. Thompson,Carltan Spencer, Ethel Tau Maxine Clark, Lloyd Meyers and Else Allen. Upper floors of downtown buildings will be thor oughly explored by these women in their hunt for bond purchasers. In charge of the enrollment of wartime babies in the Disney gilt club will be Mrs. Abner K. Kline with Mrs. j-Klmer; V. Wooton and Barbara Earl as assistants. Mrs. Verne; Ostrander, women's club i chairman, has enlisted 60 women war service chairmen of various organizations, including auxiliaries o the American Leg ion and Disabled War Veterans. They will handle Sales through the downtown booths which are to be open from liaorL to 4:30 pjn. on ta weeKaays. i . By W. H. Mobley WASHINGTON, May 24 WjS3) President; Truman asked today, for continuing authority, -subject only to an affirmative veto from con gress, to make unlimited changes in the administrative set-up of government I Such legislation is needed, he said, to make the executive branch "more bu$iness-like and efficienjL'' The requested legislation would extend to non-war operations, and into peacetime years, the . re shuffling i power which the! chief executive now holds on a war time basis over government of fices and affairs having to J do with thel war. I ' Mr. Truman, in a message !to congress asking for the authority, was very specific that he wanted no strings on it other than the veto. . : I 1 "The legislation should be bf permanent duration," he said. I "Na agency of the executive branch should be exempted from the scope of the legislation. United NationiDiscuss How is ' i t i Si" 1 Armed Forces to Be Used ! In Preventing Future Wars i 1 ; By DOUGLAS B. CORNELL f SANS FRANCISCO. Mav l24.-X5n-.The United Nations con ference for the first tiine tonight dipped ihto the question Jof how armed forces will beijput at tion so it may take "urgent military measures" to prevent war. With gold braid, navy blue present in profusion, a committee the hew league should be able to strike originally with an air force alone or with a mixed contingent . What the committee tackled was a portion of the Dumbarton Oaks formula for a world charter deal' ing with how a proposed security council would use forcible means to keep peace if diplomatic, econ omic or other pressure failed. ' Power te Move . ! The blueprint says the council ."should pe empowered to take such action by air, naval br land forces as may be necessary to maintain for restore international peace and security." ! Members ; of the new league would be expected to sign special agreements on the size of the for ces they would make available to the council on call. Dumbarton Oaks says, however, that for ur gent military measures, member's of the organization should hold air force contingents immediately available for peace-enforeement action. ,j j Action was postponed on French and -Australian amendments pro posing that mixed forces be held in readiness for emergency oper ations. . Some delegates said the big-four nations sponsoring the conference wanted delay because thej are still consulting on thle1 subject ; " A r , BIr Powers to Direct j A military staff committee, made up of chiefs of staff of the big four powers phis France, would have "strategic direction" of the forces used : by the council. An amendment of the sponsoring na--tions to let the staff committee es tabllshregional subcommittees was approved 40 to. 0. ! f Coming up for a vote,; probably by tomorrow, is an amendment by Uruguay suggesting that the world be divided' into regions, each with its general staff representing all the member states in the individ ual regions. The ; regional staffs would elect a chief, who there upon would become a member of the world organization's general staff committee. : i . " Jan -Christian Smuts Observes 75th Birthday r.. . . . ' I I SAN FRANCISCO; May 24 JP) Prime Minister Jan Christian Smuts celebrated; his 75th birth; day tonight at a quiet dinner party with other members of the South African delegation. " - 1 . During the day Smuts,, who sat at the peace table after-' the first world war, attended working com mittee sessions of the United Na tions conference. - Two Valley Soldiers Discharged From Army PFC Henry L Covey, 427 Stars: st, Woodburn, and MSgt Joseph W. Den route one, Lebanon, are among , ?i enlisted men ? from Washington and Oregon - at Fort Lewis on Thursday. - Most of the army discharges were issued un der the point system, it was anr nounced. - "The legislation should be suf ficiently broad and flexible to permit of any form of organiza tional adjustment; large or small, for which necessity may arise," The veto proposed for congress would arise from a provision which Mr. Truman suggested be incorporated; direct from the re organization j act Jof 1939. Under that legislation, j administrative shifts proposed by the president went into effect unless both houses of congress, by majority vote within 60 days, passed a reso lution of disapproval. 1 j The permanent nature of the power asked by Mr. Truman would be a major departure from past practice. The 1939 act was called permanent! legislation but it provided only for shifts made effective by January, 1941. , It therefore was permanent only in sofar as it gave Continuing legal backing to reorganization carried out by that date. I ' i President Rooseyelt set up such executive offices ) as the federal the disposal Of a world organiza and army khaki of many lands deferred a decision on whether Points Rather i Unless butchers oti Salem hadi all their " stock oh T display Thurs day, the capital city is not in im mediate danger of meat famine. Red points rather than red meat were short here this week, mer chants and i housewives alike agreed. j Scarcity of poultry was noted, but orders placed yesterday will be filled in ample: time for week end dinners, customers were as sured. - - j' ! 1 1 .--!. To the casual shopper, there appeared to be no great lack Jof any particular cuts of meat, al though , utility grade beef was more prominently displayed many places than other types. U. S. Casualties Reach Total i Of 996,089 I WASHINGTON,! May 24 -QP) Army and, navy combat casualties since Pearl Harbor have reached 996,089, including - 224,546 killed, 602,511 wounded, i 68,307 missing and 100,725 taken prisoner. This total, released today, add ed only 9875 to last week's figure, apparently reflecting the gradual cessation of I fighting in Europe during the latter part of April, j Navy casualties bow total 109,- 564 and those -of the army 886,525, on. the basis of names- compiled through May 14. The war department also dis closed preparations to take care of increasing casualties in the war against Japan, 1 - Two additional hospital , ships are now en route to the Pacific and hospital ' ships operating in the Atlantic soon will be shifted there. More nurses, doctors and other medical personnel also will be sent to the Pacific. Vandalg Desecrate Mt. Hope Cemetery Annual clean-up day for Mt Hope cemetery 11 mile east of Sa lem, where members of a cumber of pioneer families are buried, will require more!; than the usual a mount of work this year, W. A. Jones, member of . the board of di rectors for Ithe cemetery, said Thursday. Every window In the building and every sash was brok en by vandals last week and a number of granite monuments were overturned, Jones said. State police are Investigating: Clean-up dayis Saturday, May 26." ; Vets Should Get sa Surplus, Says Alabama jMONTGOMERY, May 24 - (JP) Every veteran of i World War H would be given $1000 worth of surplus war goods under a Joint resolution - adopted by the Ala bama house today and sent to the senate. j i - . ! security agency, the federal works agency, and . the. federal loan agency, under that law, .The president's j wartime power over some government functions is still more ; temporary. It stems from the first war powers act of 194 L Its application is limited to war-connected operations, with out some such law as the presi dent proposed today, and shifts made under ; it will be nullified six months after ; hostilities end, and the affected agencies will re vert to their original status. . The president's call for reorgan ization authority over ail admin istrative agencies : without excep tion appeared certain to meet some opposition. Several presi dents have proposed reorganiza tion power for the executive in one form or another, and each has encountered moves to exempt some agencies. The strongest op position to reorganization power generally has centered on such quasi-judicial agencies as the in terstate commerce commission. Curtailment of Portland Meat Marts Studied PORTLAND, May 24-()-Scar- city of meat and customers may result in closing of markets here one or more days a week. J. M. Lansinger, Oregon Food Merchants association officer, said today markets have reduced staffs to the minimum and now are de-bating-dosing part time, j An Independent Gresham mar ket recently reduced its days open from three to one a week, and markets in other Oregon towns have followed suit a j. -. 7th Loan Sale Passes Tivo - j- I"'::-!'! - f Billion Mark WASHINGTON, May! 24 -UP) America's extra cash pouring into the vault in the I Seventh War Loan has passed the two billion marie! :-;.;!! The ; treasury announced sales are $2,101,000,000. All of this rep resents war ; bond purchases by individuals. ; Corporation sales havent begun..: M . . The! sales figure: now is 30 per cent of the seven billion dollar quota I for individuals. The total sales goal is $14,000,000,000. Of the sales so far, $1,366,000,- 000 was in E bonds. That's 34.1 per cent of the E bond quota of $4,000,000,444. j i The? seven-week drive becan May If and ends June 30. j Switch Engine When a northbound log train collided with a 'switch engine in the Oregon Electric' yards south of Salem near the log dump Thurs day afternoon, the switch engine was almost demolished and two of the log-flats it was moving were derailed.-. Wj ' j The train, which was taking 80 cars oi logs to Pdrtland, was un damaged but stretched across so long a strip of track that it halted traffic Ion the roads crossing the South River road until it had been uncoupled to let? farmers and golfers': through The track was cleared byv10 p.m, J. Condra, OE agent here, said. - Treasury Needs fT-Men' lib find WASHINGTON, Mayf 23P) The tdeasur Is Jfinding so many "shocking, revolting, and disgust ing" cases ci tax evarion, Secre tary Morgenthau said, thai it will ask for at least 5,000 more treas ury agents tb deal with them. : : There were indications rmat the request would have President Tru man's support. Morgenthau saw Truman yesterday. Reporters be lieved he discussed the tax inves tigation with the president and probably' won his- approval for hiring S.000 hew fT-men : The secretary told a news con ference today that the owner of a chain of restaurants in New York city salted away $2,200,000 In cur rency and didn't report It as In come until treasury agents began Kills Self, - "4 A 4 Hebuich f Himmler 1 Yank Forces Inside Nalia Reinforced GUAM, Friday, i May 25.-CP)-Across bridges thrown over the Asato river under enemy H fire, Sixth division marines reinforced their forces fighting inside the capital city bf Naha on the west coast of Okinawa Thursday. j Marine patrols fought through out the day inside: the rubble of the city to reduce Japanese strongpoints. ! - 1 On the east coast, Seventh divi sion Infantrymen in the face of stiff resistance drove farther south below captured Yonabaru in what today's fleet conuriunique report ed as "important advances." A Heavy mud restricted , opera tions elsewhere along, the "little raieginea ime, ; - - a . - - o La l M :: - f f in xne n ana secwjviuic anese artillery poured shells on the river area, marine engineers built two bridges across the Asa to. One was of. sufficient size to accommodate vehicles b r I n ging supplies for the expanding bridge head inside the ruined capital, i -The Seventh, division's gain ex panded a. bulge in heights south of Yonabaru from which the Yanks are in position to swing in behind Fortress Shuri. ! House Baiikiiig Group Okehs Bretton WASHINGTON, May. 24.-(py-The house banking committee, by a thumping 23 to 3 bi-partisan vote, approved the Bretton Woods international monetary agr ee ments today. . . 1 ; -j : ' : " The agreements, Jd r a w n last summer by representatives of 44 nations, propose to set up a $9, 100,000,000 world bank for recon struction and development . loans and a $8,800,000,000 fund for sta bilization of world currencies, f : Action of the banking group was the second congressional victory in a week for the administration's international economic program, j Legislation now being dehated in the house would give President Truman broad new authority to cut tariffs In reciprocal, trade agreements with other nations. The house ways and means com mittee approved the bill 14 to 11 last week. ., ,. . . . ! PFC Albert D. Rock Oa War Casualty List PFC Albert D. Rock, VJS. army. son of Florence E. Rock, Sweet Home, has been killed In action in the European theatre, today's OWI casualty list reveals. t 5000 Mare Tax Evaders looking into the company's books. The evidence indicates, he said. that the owner had an armored car sent around to his restaurants daily, for the purpose of collect ing certain - cash and stowing; It away in a vault I - i, Morgenthau didn't name -' the owner because he said a person Is presumed -to be innocent until proven guilty. But he said the ev idence so far obtained indicates the government "will prosecute to the hilt" ; The secretary said a lawyer for the company how has made a "voluntary disclosure" of the ex istence of $200,000 cash kept in various . Vault. Morgenthau ' said the company kept .two sets of books, Including the currency in one set but not in the other. - if - , - ' f s Reveals Disguise Himself Bites Tiny j Glass Of Poison While Being Searched By muiam F. Bon! BRITISH SECOND ARMY HEADQUARTERS, May 24P)- Heinrich ' Himmler, arch execu tioner for Hitler's third reich, died last night by biting Into a tiny glass vial of 'poison he had con cealed In his mouth. ' The owlish 'chief of the German gestapo and of Hitler's; SS troops, whose orders condemned hun dreds of thousands of conquered civilians and j Germans to death, took his own life in the parlor of a house in Lueneberg as a British, medical officer searched him. The man for whom, the allies had conducted an intensive man hunt since Germany capitulated died clad only in a pair of socks. Chilian clothes, had been stripped from; him as a medical examiner made an exhaustive check. ! 1 Asked te Open Month j ' It was when the physician or dered him to open his mouth and forced back his tongue Jor 'a closer look that Himmler decided the end had come. j- " With a quick shake of his head, Himmler dislodged a tiny glass container which he apparently had kept lodged along his gums since his capture three days before. He crushed the vial between his teeth and fell $o the floor. .Fifteen minutes lateri Germany's No. l' l war criminal was dead. p The British Second army head quarters disclosed that he had been picked up unrecognized three days before as he and two SS bodyguards attempted: to slip across a bridge west of Hamburg. Well Disguised j V - At the time of his arrest, Himm ler j was disguised with a black patch over his right eye. His mus tache , was shaved from his thin.. upper hp. ! ; He was in civilian clothes and he carried forged papers purport ing to Identify him as "Hitzuiger.-. The papers failed to satisfy the guards, who took all three men to the field security police, who In turn passed: the trio back to a detention camp. - There , Himmler still remained unrecognized, but some time later he demanded an interview with the camp commander. Summoned before a British of ficer at ; 7 p. m. Wednesday, he calmly , removed1 the black patch "' and donned glasses.. Reveals Himself - Thus, with a dramatic touch. he revealed himself at Hitler's terrorist ! i British officers immediately or dered Himmler stripped of all clothing and despite vigorous pro tests searched jhim carefully for hidden poison, j j A small blue: vial was found in I his clothing, but developments proved that this was not Himm ler's . trump card with which he J intended to cheat the allies of vengeance. 1 - . ' - - Unknown to his captors, he sd- parently had a second vial In his mouth, and presumably had kept it mere continuously since he was taken into custody. To forestall an attempt to take any poison which might still be hidden, his captors took his cloth-' ing from him. j . Chooses Blankets Himmler was given the choice of donning British battle dress or wrapping himself In blankets. He chose the latter and was removed by automobile to ho use In Lueneberg for i detention. T r There he quickly was confront ed by a British medical exam iner -who ordered him stripped for the fourth Inspection since his arrest He cast' aside the blanket and doffed his shirt pants, march- ' ing boot and sweater which he had been allowed to put on. ' The physician then made a painstaking examination of his : feet hands, his entire body even the ears. Then' Himmler was or- : dered to open his mouth and roll 1 bade his tongue. His response; was unsatisfactory " and the doctor -ordered him to ap proach the- light and o p e n his mouth again. The examiner probed inside with his -finger and as he did so Himmler jerked back and shook his head. There was a crunch of glass and he fell to the : floor. ifaximnm near JJ degrees.