The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980, May 20, 1945, Page 1, Image 1

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American
Casualties
At 30,526
i . . i
f '
Grazing is one of the oldest of
human occupations. From it men
obtained their meat, their milk,
their fiber for clothing. Tending
sheep in the middle east, where
our language and literature and
v religion originated, men ; had
plenty of opportunity, to , study
, the skies, which in that area are
unusually clear. I Thus : astronomy
i became one of the earliest of the
natural sciences to be explained
by man. Viewing the wonders
and the mysteries of the skies the
- shepherd psalmist was inspired
to write: "The heavens declare
: the glory of God, and the firma
f ment showeth his handiwork ." !
r j It took a long time for people
i to realize that the handiwork of
i the Creator also is revealed in
j the earth under their feet. Geol
i cgy as a science is far younger
than, astronomy. Interest in the
; subject is growing, however, and
i I observed that a crowded room
i greeted Dr. Edwin T. Hodge when
he spoke on the geology of the
U John Day country before the Sa
il lem Geological society last Tues-
h day night at Collins halL -
Oddly enough, it was a preacher
who discovered the i geologies
riches of the .John Day valley
which ever since have attracted
! scientists of great distinction
That was Thomas Condon, who,
after serving pulpits in St. Helens
and Albany, went in j the early
1860's to become pastor of the
First - Congregational church of
I The Dalles. In his walks' about
the countryside he noted unique
features in the rocks, discovered
fossil leaves and soon became as
absorbed in the mysteries of the
earth as the Hebrew: shepherds
and Babylonian scholars had been
in the movements of the planets.
As Condon's biographer writes
IThe teacher of the Sacred Book
Would look kindly upon this bur
ied treasure, as a leaf from God's
other book that so few Christian
men were then studying." Con
don went on to become professor
Of geology at the University of
Oregon.
1 Starting with the "two islands'
so designated by Dr, Condon, the
Siskiyous and' the Blue' mountains
and the sea - which washed their
. flanks, Dr. Hodge built up the
geology of the . north central
Oregon country. The! washing
I '(Continued on editorial page)
Weather
Tokyo as B-29s
r GUAM, Sunday, May 20 (JP)
) More than 300 Superfortresses,
balked by adverse weather from
: attacking Tokyo in force, unload
: ed 2000 tons of demolition bombs
; yesterday on the Hamamatsu in-
dustrial area of Honshu, 60 miles
i southeast of war-battered Na
i goya.
'. .The 21st bomber command said
Hamamatsu was a secondary tar
; get, hammered because or thick
cloud formations over : the Nip-
- pones e capital Radio Tokyo- re
' ported that the B-29 crews none-
: the-less let a few bombs drop on
Tokyo as a calling card.
Japanese broadcaster reported,
' -without confirmation, 1 that 90
: more Superforts visited Japan's
l .strategic waters, sowing mines in
' Wakasada bay and Buogo strait
The Tokyo ' and Hamamatsu
raids plowed up more vital war
' areas, adding to the 59.33 square
miles of devastation spread by
Marianas-based B-29s since last
' November in half a i dozen of
Nippon's largest cities. . h . -; '
One New York Market
Has Plenty of Meat -
NEW YORK. May lHfVWhile
rnost New Yorkers; added bread
crumbs to the meat loaf and day
dreamed about real red chewin
meat, customers of the George W
Loft supermarket took their pick
today of steaks and chops totaling
32,000 pounds. . - " ' - --
It was all grade AA meat and
the proprietor, Robert Dunseath,
wouldn't tell where It came from,
ther than to say there wasnt an
ounce of black market meat In th
.ArfiiL i "Mabe I have better
connections . than most retailers,'
he! said.
! :" 1
Burmese Guerrillas
Fall Upon Japanese -
-'feURMESE CALCUTTA; May
19 ! '(JP)". Burmese guerrillas from
h Kmithern Shan states have
fallen uDon Japanese forces with-
rtrawinff from eastern central
Burma for a stand on the Thai
land frontier and inflicted heavy
casualties, allied, .headquarters
announced . today.
Fourteenth army forces headed
, for the area made a further ad
vance against stiff opposition on
the road east of Toungoo. Mop
ying up was reported continuing.
Change
48,103 Japs Die;
Figlit Rages for
Sugar Loaf Hill
By Leif Erickson
GUAM, Sunday, May 20.-CP)-
Marines of the Sixth division beat
back a strong Japanese counter
attack yesterday east -of Takamo-
to I village in the battle for vital
Sugar Loaf hill, fiercest single
action In the Okinawa campaign
in which 48,103 Japanese have
been killed through Thursday.
Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz
announced casualties for the Ok
inawa campaign, 'including fleet
losses since it began carrier at
tacks on the enemy's inland sea
March 18, total 30,526. Of these,
8,310 were killed or missing and
22,216 were wounded. Many
wounded have returned to combat
Bill Guards Nana
Maj. Gen. Lemuel C. Shepherd,
jr's Sixth division leathernecks
Were thrown off Sugar Loaf hill a
fourth time Thursday night but
occupied it again Friday morning.
This strategic promontory guards
Naha, which cannot be occupied
safely by American troops until
it is totally occupied and all Jap
anese artillery entrenched ;. in its
southern slopes silenced.
Lt. Gen.' Simon Bolivar Buck-
ner, jr's 10th army troops mailt.
tained firm pressure all along the
southern Okinawa front yester
day, with the Japanese desperate
ly throwing reserve reinforce
ments into the hand to hand strug
gle.
Close Quarter Fight
On the east flank of the Naha
Shun-Yonabaru line, Maj. Gen.
James L. Bradley's 86th infantry
division troops, pushing southwest
from Conical hill, engaged in
three-hour close quarter hand gre
nade battle with the stubborn
Japanese. Elements of this di
vision, which seized 'much of the
Yonabaru area, are moving west
ward to join the 77th infantry and
First marine divisions in a three
division assault, on Shuri, fortress
city in the center of the enemy's
defense line.
In the center of the Okinawa
fronts; Maj. Gen. Pedro A" Del
Valle's First marine division and
Maj. Gen, Andrew D. Bruce's 77th
infantry division were attacking
abreast on direct approaches' to
Shuri fortress from the north.
Fighting was . bitterly tough
through heavily fortified ridges
and hills around Wana town,
northeast of Shuri.
Blood Donors
Badly Needed
To Fill Quota
A general appeal for blood don
ors was being spread around the
Salem area, today in an effort to
assure the maximum of 200 pints
for the mobile Red Cross blood
bank, which will be at the First
Methodist church in Salem at 11
m. Tuesday. j -f-...v,
The sector was short 18 pints
in its quota last Tuesday, and Red
Cross officials said Saturday ad
vance registration for the bank's
next visit had been even lighter
than a week ago.
Everyone eligible is being asked
to telephone 9277 Monday to reg
ister for the Tuesday visit, in line
with Salem's V-E day theme of
rededication to the unfinished task
of w an
Hard Coal Mines Will
Resume Work Monday
WASHINGTON, May 19--
John L. Lewis, agreeing with an
thracite operators on a contract
providing $1.37 ft . overall daily
pay raise for miners, today called
for resumption of work in hard
coal mines Monday. '
Production in Pennsylvania's
anthracite fields was halted May
1 when the old contract expired.
Marion Bond Campaign Will
Shift to Outside Communities
;i Marion " county's campaign for
the Seventh War Loan quota, of
$4,320,000 will shift to outside
communities this week in an ef
fort to boost the low totals chalked
up at headquarters Saturday night
at conclusion of the first "week of
united effort, . ..- ' .
Less than $600,000 in bond pur
chases actually were on the books,
according to Chairman Douglas
Yeater, who announced that the
spotlight would be on nearby
towns during the second week of
the campaign. With a dozen com
munities expected to raise $940,
000 before" the' conclusion of the
drive July 4, stress was being laid
on concerted effort to reach the
country's E bond allotment of
$2,270,000.
f So far E bond subscriptions have
reached $355,000 or less than one-
ixth of the total expectecU
First community bond rally has
been set for Friday night at Sid-
ney-Talbot, almost always In the
NINETY-FIFTH YEAR 20 PAGES
: i n
M
achine
Ice Boxes
Plans Okelied
For 530,000 New
Refrigerators
. WASHINGTON, May 19 - (JP) -The
war production board tonight
announced it will permit the man
ufacture of 530,000 new popularly
priced household Refrigerators this
year. " ; J -
Production of; me gas and elec
tric machines may start July 1,
after a three-year shutdown, WPB
said, but the refrigerators may not
reach the public until early next
year. ' .
WPB will provide materials for
production at about one-third the
prewar rate -265,000 machines
each in the third and fourth quar
ters of 1945 but the early output
will be added to the country's
stockpile reserved for hospitals,
blood banks and other essential
uses. . ; j j, i
Actual amendment of the re
frigeratorl regulation has not yet
occurred, '. although WPB invited
manufacturers to apply before
July 1 for priority aid if they wish
to start peacetime production in
the July-September quarter. i
The decision is the first step to
ward reconversion of an industry
which hit an annual peak of S280,
PO0.000 in factory sales in 1941
and expects to expand to $370,
000,000-a-year .Volume after the
war. j" - ,; " ; ' : -; "'.
Removing a n o t h e r restraint
from civilian goods manufacture,
WPB also revoked its ban against
production of electric floor lamps
and table' lamps for civilians.
Manufacturers will have access to
an uncontrolled; supply of steel,
copper and aluminum after July 1.
OPA has announced it will seek
to hold refrigerator prices to the
level of March, j 1942, plus allow
ances needed to cover increases in
wages and material costs. t'.'
15t1i Army Has
Large Region j
Of Occupation
SUPREME HEADQUARTERS,
ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY
FORCE, Paris, May -19--Su
preme headquarters disclosed for
the first time today that the U. S
15th army's zone; of occupation in
cludes everything , between the
Rhine and, the jGermany border,
from Wesel in the north to Karls
ruhe in the south, and a small
triangle east of the Rhine from
Coblenz north to Dortmund, j
In the final j occupation, how
ever, much of the present zone is
expected to be jtaken over by the
French and British. J, ; v
. The 15th thus lis governing ap
proximately. 14JQ00 square miles.
Including the rich Saar basin, the
Rhine valley anjd the western half
of the Industrial Ruhr. Aachen,
Bonn, Cologne. Trier, Saar
bruecken a n dj 1 Duesseldorf. are
under its urisdiction. r
lead i in bond subscriptions. Mrs.
E. B. Henhingsen and Mrs. Nellie
Wiederkehr hope that residents
will purchase the entire quota of
$55,000 at the first meeting, but
they are not optimistic enough to
believe that the figure will be
doubled as it was in the Sixth
drive last winter. ' .;
Other towns t also were ' being
urged by Cities Chairman Gene
Vandendyne to fall into line for
uie most unporuuit lkjuu Kumyixina
yet made. These communities with
a : - - 'J , 9 ' i. f .
Uieu cnairmen etna quotas ltc:
Jim Clough, Silverton $300,000
J. A. Childreth, Stayton, $125,000
Lloyd Hermigan,! Woodburn $125,
000; James Fournier, Mt. Ange
$100,000: S. J. Smith. St. Paul
$50,000; George fWadsworth, Ger
vais : $35,000; Ronald v E. Jones,
Brooks $35,000; D. B. Hill, Mill
Gty $35,000; FredDental, Aurora
$25,000; Mrs. Warren Pohle, Tur
ner $20,000. .
Jefferson has as yet selected no
chairman for Its! $35,000 quota.
Scheduled
Schuschnigg
Kart von Schuschnigg (seated),
fused Hitler's Anschluss demand,
from an Alpine concentration
radio)
Reds Submit i Proposal! for
- .
Combining Regional Croups
With World Peace System
. By DOUGLAS B. CORNELL 1 i f
SAN FRANCISCO, May' .-iRussia submitted to jthe
big five foreign ministers today
the principle of self defense action in coordinating regional
groups of nations under a world peace-keeping organization.
t Differing from an American-sponsored amendment in lang
uage, the Soviet proposal was reported to recognize the principle
Captur
Dr. Rosenberg,
Nazi Leader
LONDON, May 19 -(JP)- Dr. Al
fred Rosenberg, dandy,- scented
arch-philosopher of naziism and
leader of Germany's anti-Russian
crusade," has been caught in the
allied dragnet of fugitive nazi
leaders, a dispatch from the Brit
ish 5 Second army front said to
night I
Rosenberg, sometimes called
Hitler's "father confessor" and
reichminister for former German
occupied eastern Europe, was
found In a Flensburg hospital,: a
British officer said, as the search
went on for nazi hangman Hein-
rich Himmler. ii'
Meanwhile, diplomatic quarters
said that the Involved problem of
just who is going to try big-shot
German war criminals may speed
a meeting of the "Big Three"
leaders of the United States, Brit
ain and Russia.
4 Valley Men
Die in Action
The names of PFC Clyde Mc-
Millin, Donald; Sgt. Alva Ander
sen, Lebanon; Maj. William Ken
neth Horner, Sweet Home, and
Sgt Jack D. Smith, son of W.
Smith of. Salem, are today added
to the list of World War' II dead.
McMillin was killed In . action
April 25 in the Philippines. .
Andersen died of wounds re
ceived at two Jima. .. - ,
Horner ; died April 17 near the
Elbe river front In Gefmany. i
Smith Is the second son in his
family killed in this warj ' 1
v (Further details, on page 3) 1
War Bond Sales Face
Slows Down in Oregon
PORTLAND, May 1H)-War
bond sales pace slowed, yesterday
to the lowest of any day in the
first week of the seventh . war"
loan drive, y- ir-, 'y - j '
Sales of . $1,169,937 put Ore
gon's total at $21,251,938 against
a $110,000,000 quota; E bond sales
were at $14,763,998 of a $55,000,
000 goal. ' V I
' '- ; . ... in.' i.l . : v 1
Murphy Made Publicity
Chief for Republicans
WASHINGTON, May 19 - OP) -
Appointment of William C Mur
Pby, jr, as publicity director; of
the republican national commit
tee was announced today by
Chairman Herbert Brownell, Jr.
Murphy has been chief of the
Washington bureau of the Phila
delphia Iniuirer since 1937,"
Salem, Oregon, Sunday Morning Ma? 20. 1S15
r i U
Interviewed
forme Austrian chancellor who re
talks to reporters after his release
camp. (AP Wlrephoto from OWI
JL ' : I - 1
the draft of a proposal accepting
that individual j countries or a
group of nations have the inher
ent1 light to act immediately in
self defense if the security coun
cil of a world league fas to pre
serve peace. ' j ' .-"j ' '
There seemed, at first apprais
al, little if any difference in the
substance of the Russian proposi
tion and the American-sponsored
proposal which has been accepted
by Latin American nations dur
ing the proceedings of the United
Nations conference.
X The Russian draft was said) to
follow rather closely in phrase
ology an amendment submitted
previously by the French. There
was speculation "that the Soviets
had approximated the French
language in an effort to help
solidify relations between those
two countries. j ;
The soviet proposal, which was
said to raise no objection to the
use
ox uic pnraae cguecuvc ue-
fense, was given brief j study by
the Big" Five today. It goes be
fore the American delegation Sot
additional consideration tomorrow
noon."- . j f , 1 :
The Americans hope then! to
compose I differences in language
and have a compromise proposi
tion ready for submission when
the Big Five. meets later in jthe
day.' ! '.. : - -,
There 4iad been , delay In Rus
sian Delegation j Chief Andrei
KromyKa hearing from Moscow. :
After chalking off progress re-
Lports on creation: of a new world
court, the conference : had .-begun
marking time pending i break in
Russian reticense on important
conference problems. . ? .'
1
Oregon Man; Killed
In Gar-Bus Crash
PALO ALTO, dalif May 194)
Harry A. Stearns, 54 Ashland,
Ore- was killed tonight and his
son-in-law, William Ji, Barcley,
was injured seriously when Bar-
cley'a automobile .and : a Grey
hound bus collided.. - i - f
Mrs. Barcley and her J4-
months-old ; baby; suffered minor
injuries. Police held the bus driv
er, Hobart C. Tyler, 3r 22, San
Mateo, for Investigation,'. -
13th Child Bern to
Proud Albany Family
ALBANY, Ore-J May ;19.-ffV-A
13th child was born today to Mr
and Mrs. Luis Gutierrez. .!
; Gutierrez proudly noted he now
has as many children fas letters
in his name four boys for his
first name and nine girls for his
last. -.-
Weather
Max.
i.a
i-CS
Mln.
5
I S '
Saa Fraacbc
Eagea
Salem .
Portland
trac
jn
trace
ttaee
..cs
Seattle
WUUmtt river S fC to.
..
VOIECAST: rtr U. S. Veatker
ream, McNary fieta, Salem) Partly
rlsody wtUi warmer temperatorca.
M?v"im taa)r aeac Z eesreev ij
I l '
Nazi Air
General
OnUBoat
Big Sub Carried
Air Plans, Man
WitlioutXJniform
BOSTON, May 19-(ff)-A luft
waffe general and a mysterious
civilian" were aboard the huge
nazi undersea boat U-234 which
came Into the Portsmouth, N.
submarine base today shortly af
ter a U-Boat commander who
surrendered earlier this week
committed suicide in a Boston
jail.
Luftwaffe Lieutenant General
Ulrich Kessler was the most noted
of the nazi sub U-234's nine pas
sengers who included minor air
and navy officers and a drab.
dumpy man in civilian clothes,
whose Identity was not made
known.
However, the general belief of
observers was that the civilian
was a technician who accompan
ied the bales of air plans, con
tents of which remained secret,
reported aboard the submersible.
The destination of the crew
members six officers and 51 men
was not known but the nine
passengers were believed to have
been taken to Washington. Thefer
whereabouts, . however, was not
officially commented upon. .
Captain-Lieutenant Fritz Stein-
hoff, commander' of the- U-783
which was brought to Portsmouth
four days. ago, punctured a wrist
artery with part of an eyeglass
he smashed in his Charles street
jail cell, the first service com
mand said.
Steinhoff and other members
of bis crew were lodged in the
civilian jail temporarily pending
transfer to a prisoner of war
camp.
Raid Shelter
Built Under
White House
WASHINGTON, 1 May 19 - (JP)
All of . the blitz experience of the
British went into . the construc
tion of an air raid shelter' under
the White House to protect the
late President Roosevelt and his
family. ,
Relaxation of censorship restric
tions permitted disclosure today
of the shelter and a tunnel from
the White House to the treasury,
The, tunnel was constructed as
an emergency exit for the presi
dent' pending completion of the
bomb proof shelter.4-
Both the shelter, said by its de
signer to be capable of resisting
a direct hit from a 500-pound
bomb and perhaps a 1000 pound
er, and the tunnel are entered by
way of the basement from the east
wing of the White House. They
are not connected, directly. :
The White House architect who
built the shelter, Lorenzo Wins-
low, and ; White ' House - officials
described the elaborate precau
tions taken to safeguard the presi
dent in the early stages of the
war. f'K-. . v y:y . vvV
Mr. Roosevelt never entered the
tunnel or participated in any of
the White House air raid drills,
long since suspended, but was
said today to have inspected .the
shelter on one occasion. -, ,
Judge Carl Chambers Named j
Chairmanpf Tax Study Group
County Judge Carl Chambers,
Umatilla county,- waa Saturday
named chairman of the state tax
study commission : on which he
will serve as representative " of
public welfare, v r f f
Names of four other members
of the commission appointed by
Gov. Earl Snell to serve with rep
resentatives of the senate and
house, the state budget director
and the state tax commissioners
were made public by the governor
simultaneously with those of ap
pointees to the public employes'
retirement board.
The governor's .member of the
tax study commission are, William
Howes, Gold Hill, farmer, repre
senting agriculture; , Kelly Loe,
Prlc5c
1 More
t By the Associated Pre - .
Yugoslav"- troops remained in disputed Trieste last night
as Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander declared that Marshal
Tito apparently intended to back his territorial cims with
GERMANY V J '-
FlrkW Pbu, AUSTRIA I
Shading; indicates approximate area elaunedi by Tito's Yugoslav
f regime In 1 dispute with allied occupation forces. Presence f
I Yugoslav partisan forces in Trieste has been, disapproved by
-. American and -British and has been the subject ef as Italia
prrtttt. AP Wlrepfawto) :-' ; . I .t., ."'"' . -
ij rr,. ,' -v.-i ':' ... t .'"'' .
force a course which he said was Mall too reminiscent of Hitlerr
Mussolini and Japan j J - :
Tito, expressing "resentment" at Alexander's statement.
Chinese
ID 1
se
Blow in Hunan
" CHUNGKING, May 19 - (JPi -Chinese
forces beat back a Jap
anese offensive 400 miles northeast
of Chungking in Honan province
today at other assault forces '-'
occupied the great east coast city
of Foochow, the Chinese high com
mand announced tonight j ! '
The Honan battle cost the en
emy 15,000 casualties, the Chinese
said. - . 1 !-
- Southeast of Chungking in Hu
nan province, the Chinese were at
tacking Japanese points 19 and 25
miles northeast of Paoching, base
of the Japanese' disrupted drive on
the American airbase at Chihkiahg.
I Foochow was the first of China's
important treaty ports to be freed
from Japanese rule. . . ' "
It was the second time in four
years that the Chinese had won
back the strategic port, 125 miles
northwest of the Japanese island
of Formosa. The former capital
of Fukien province had been held
by the Japanese since Oct, 1944,
and previously was enemy-occupied
for five months in 1941. j
i There were indications that Foo
chow, lying in the coastal defense
region where an American inva
sion of the Chinese coast has been
envisaged, was abandoned by the
Japanese. There also were signs
that enemy forces were pulling
out of the east coast ports' of Wen-
chow, Amoy and Swatow.
CAB CATCHES FIRE
Firemen were called to put out
a blaze in a ear at 1145 South
High street Saturday night Little
damage was reported. . , - j
public relations, Portland, : repre
senting -.labor; Harvey N. Black,
auditor and tax counselor, "Port
land, representing business; George
C Huggins, president of the School
Boards Members association, Coos
Bay, representing education, and
Chambers. , j.
3 Members of the . public em
ployes retirement board are W. C
Schuppel, insurance broker, and
Ralph A. Coan, Portland, both
representative citizensr James M.
Burgess, Milton, superintendent: of
schools, representing teachers:'
A. DeFrance, Salem, state highway
employe, and Frank L.1 Emery,
state insurance t department em
ploye, Portland, representing tto
pioycs.. . -'--.I
pacKjapane
No. 47
uviJOGD
again, rejected an American-British
request that his forces with
draw from the port city and ait
of northeastern Italy and southern
Austria, saying Yugoslavs bad the
right to occupy territory they had
liberated.
Developments included: r
1. Alexander, as Allied com
mander in tile Mediterranean, told
his troops he had been unable to
come to an agreement with Tito
and that "we -cannot throw away
the principles for which we have
fought." '
2. Tito, replying in an inter
view with the Yugoslav telegraph
agency, said he felt "resentment
and surprise,' and asserted that
'an accusation'' such as Alexan
der's "can only be thrown into the
face of an enemy." He reiterated
that Yugoslav was prepared to co
operate but "cannot allow herselt
to be humiliated or . . . tricked
out of her rights."
Went Alter Decision
3. The Belgrade radio broad
cast that the Yugoslav leader in a
formal reply to American and
British notes on Trieste said the
presence of his troops in the dis
puted zone would not "prejudge
decisions of the peace conference '
as Ito whom these territories be-
long." .,-.v- . .:
4. - Acting - Secretary of State
Grew said in Washington that a
Yugoslav note had been received)
and could not be reconciled with
the American position, i It reiter
ated Yugoslav's territorial j claims.
Grew added, and proposed a meth
od for solution. ; The acting secre
tary said the Uunited States was
consulting with other governments
concerned, presumably Britain and
Russia. V v
8. In Trieste Yugoslav author
ities Issued decrees banning Fas
cist societies, confiscating prop
erty owned by Germans, and di
viding the area into three district
for governmental purposes. There-.
was no evidence of ' Yugoslav.
withdrawal Yugoslav and Allied-
troop "in the city remained ' on
friendly terms. Two British de
stroyers, .with guns pointing to the
lulls behind the city, were in the
harbor with a number of other ves
sels. ... ,y-y. i y
Casses Disappointment -
9. An Associated Press dis
patch from Belgrade said Tito's
note caused disappointment at the
UJS. embassy but a feeling per
sisted that a settlement could be
reached. Reliable sources in Lon
don said the note necessitated a
further exchange of views.
. Alexander ; statement to his
troops, was made public with a
statement saying Tito had agreed
inJuly,U944, and again in Feb
ruary of this year that Alexander's
forces, for military purposes, might
occupy .Venezia". Giulia province
which embraces, Trieste. Yugo
slavia agreed to occupy territory
to the east to a line running north
of Tiume. This line approximates
the 1939 Yugoslav-Italian border.
.1
L
i