i , - .- 1 ' v.. - . .' - J ' - ! I : .-' " T"y."-V i,V- ..Ji; V:n- ; v'- i! 5:' ? . : ' IJGP QMjjQB mDCOXB American Casualties At 30,526 i . . i f ' Grazing is one of the oldest of human occupations. From it men obtained their meat, their milk, their fiber for clothing. Tending sheep in the middle east, where our language and literature and v religion originated, men ; had plenty of opportunity, to , study , the skies, which in that area are unusually clear. I Thus : astronomy i became one of the earliest of the natural sciences to be explained by man. Viewing the wonders and the mysteries of the skies the - shepherd psalmist was inspired to write: "The heavens declare : the glory of God, and the firma f ment showeth his handiwork ." ! r j It took a long time for people i to realize that the handiwork of i the Creator also is revealed in j the earth under their feet. Geol i cgy as a science is far younger than, astronomy. Interest in the ; subject is growing, however, and i I observed that a crowded room i greeted Dr. Edwin T. Hodge when he spoke on the geology of the U John Day country before the Sa il lem Geological society last Tues- h day night at Collins halL - Oddly enough, it was a preacher who discovered the i geologies riches of the .John Day valley which ever since have attracted ! scientists of great distinction That was Thomas Condon, who, after serving pulpits in St. Helens and Albany, went in j the early 1860's to become pastor of the First - Congregational church of I The Dalles. In his walks' about the countryside he noted unique features in the rocks, discovered fossil leaves and soon became as absorbed in the mysteries of the earth as the Hebrew: shepherds and Babylonian scholars had been in the movements of the planets. As Condon's biographer writes IThe teacher of the Sacred Book Would look kindly upon this bur ied treasure, as a leaf from God's other book that so few Christian men were then studying." Con don went on to become professor Of geology at the University of Oregon. 1 Starting with the "two islands' so designated by Dr, Condon, the Siskiyous and' the Blue' mountains and the sea - which washed their . flanks, Dr. Hodge built up the geology of the . north central Oregon country. The! washing I '(Continued on editorial page) Weather Tokyo as B-29s r GUAM, Sunday, May 20 (JP) ) More than 300 Superfortresses, balked by adverse weather from : attacking Tokyo in force, unload : ed 2000 tons of demolition bombs ; yesterday on the Hamamatsu in- dustrial area of Honshu, 60 miles i southeast of war-battered Na i goya. '. .The 21st bomber command said Hamamatsu was a secondary tar ; get, hammered because or thick cloud formations over : the Nip- - pones e capital Radio Tokyo- re ' ported that the B-29 crews none- : the-less let a few bombs drop on Tokyo as a calling card. Japanese broadcaster reported, ' -without confirmation, 1 that 90 : more Superforts visited Japan's l .strategic waters, sowing mines in ' Wakasada bay and Buogo strait The Tokyo ' and Hamamatsu raids plowed up more vital war ' areas, adding to the 59.33 square miles of devastation spread by Marianas-based B-29s since last ' November in half a i dozen of Nippon's largest cities. . h . -; ' One New York Market Has Plenty of Meat - NEW YORK. May lHfVWhile rnost New Yorkers; added bread crumbs to the meat loaf and day dreamed about real red chewin meat, customers of the George W Loft supermarket took their pick today of steaks and chops totaling 32,000 pounds. . - " ' - -- It was all grade AA meat and the proprietor, Robert Dunseath, wouldn't tell where It came from, ther than to say there wasnt an ounce of black market meat In th .ArfiiL i "Mabe I have better connections . than most retailers,' he! said. ! :" 1 Burmese Guerrillas Fall Upon Japanese - -'feURMESE CALCUTTA; May 19 ! '(JP)". Burmese guerrillas from h Kmithern Shan states have fallen uDon Japanese forces with- rtrawinff from eastern central Burma for a stand on the Thai land frontier and inflicted heavy casualties, allied, .headquarters announced . today. Fourteenth army forces headed , for the area made a further ad vance against stiff opposition on the road east of Toungoo. Mop ying up was reported continuing. Change 48,103 Japs Die; Figlit Rages for Sugar Loaf Hill By Leif Erickson GUAM, Sunday, May 20.-CP)- Marines of the Sixth division beat back a strong Japanese counter attack yesterday east -of Takamo- to I village in the battle for vital Sugar Loaf hill, fiercest single action In the Okinawa campaign in which 48,103 Japanese have been killed through Thursday. Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz announced casualties for the Ok inawa campaign, 'including fleet losses since it began carrier at tacks on the enemy's inland sea March 18, total 30,526. Of these, 8,310 were killed or missing and 22,216 were wounded. Many wounded have returned to combat Bill Guards Nana Maj. Gen. Lemuel C. Shepherd, jr's Sixth division leathernecks Were thrown off Sugar Loaf hill a fourth time Thursday night but occupied it again Friday morning. This strategic promontory guards Naha, which cannot be occupied safely by American troops until it is totally occupied and all Jap anese artillery entrenched ;. in its southern slopes silenced. Lt. Gen.' Simon Bolivar Buck- ner, jr's 10th army troops mailt. tained firm pressure all along the southern Okinawa front yester day, with the Japanese desperate ly throwing reserve reinforce ments into the hand to hand strug gle. Close Quarter Fight On the east flank of the Naha Shun-Yonabaru line, Maj. Gen. James L. Bradley's 86th infantry division troops, pushing southwest from Conical hill, engaged in three-hour close quarter hand gre nade battle with the stubborn Japanese. Elements of this di vision, which seized 'much of the Yonabaru area, are moving west ward to join the 77th infantry and First marine divisions in a three division assault, on Shuri, fortress city in the center of the enemy's defense line. In the center of the Okinawa fronts; Maj. Gen. Pedro A" Del Valle's First marine division and Maj. Gen, Andrew D. Bruce's 77th infantry division were attacking abreast on direct approaches' to Shuri fortress from the north. Fighting was . bitterly tough through heavily fortified ridges and hills around Wana town, northeast of Shuri. Blood Donors Badly Needed To Fill Quota A general appeal for blood don ors was being spread around the Salem area, today in an effort to assure the maximum of 200 pints for the mobile Red Cross blood bank, which will be at the First Methodist church in Salem at 11 m. Tuesday. j -f-...v, The sector was short 18 pints in its quota last Tuesday, and Red Cross officials said Saturday ad vance registration for the bank's next visit had been even lighter than a week ago. Everyone eligible is being asked to telephone 9277 Monday to reg ister for the Tuesday visit, in line with Salem's V-E day theme of rededication to the unfinished task of w an Hard Coal Mines Will Resume Work Monday WASHINGTON, May 19-- John L. Lewis, agreeing with an thracite operators on a contract providing $1.37 ft . overall daily pay raise for miners, today called for resumption of work in hard coal mines Monday. ' Production in Pennsylvania's anthracite fields was halted May 1 when the old contract expired. Marion Bond Campaign Will Shift to Outside Communities ;i Marion " county's campaign for the Seventh War Loan quota, of $4,320,000 will shift to outside communities this week in an ef fort to boost the low totals chalked up at headquarters Saturday night at conclusion of the first "week of united effort, . ..- ' . Less than $600,000 in bond pur chases actually were on the books, according to Chairman Douglas Yeater, who announced that the spotlight would be on nearby towns during the second week of the campaign. With a dozen com munities expected to raise $940, 000 before" the' conclusion of the drive July 4, stress was being laid on concerted effort to reach the country's E bond allotment of $2,270,000. f So far E bond subscriptions have reached $355,000 or less than one- ixth of the total expectecU First community bond rally has been set for Friday night at Sid- ney-Talbot, almost always In the NINETY-FIFTH YEAR 20 PAGES : i n M achine Ice Boxes Plans Okelied For 530,000 New Refrigerators . WASHINGTON, May 19 - (JP) -The war production board tonight announced it will permit the man ufacture of 530,000 new popularly priced household Refrigerators this year. " ; J - Production of; me gas and elec tric machines may start July 1, after a three-year shutdown, WPB said, but the refrigerators may not reach the public until early next year. ' . WPB will provide materials for production at about one-third the prewar rate -265,000 machines each in the third and fourth quar ters of 1945 but the early output will be added to the country's stockpile reserved for hospitals, blood banks and other essential uses. . ; j j, i Actual amendment of the re frigeratorl regulation has not yet occurred, '. although WPB invited manufacturers to apply before July 1 for priority aid if they wish to start peacetime production in the July-September quarter. i The decision is the first step to ward reconversion of an industry which hit an annual peak of S280, PO0.000 in factory sales in 1941 and expects to expand to $370, 000,000-a-year .Volume after the war. j" - ,; " ; ' : -; "'. Removing a n o t h e r restraint from civilian goods manufacture, WPB also revoked its ban against production of electric floor lamps and table' lamps for civilians. Manufacturers will have access to an uncontrolled; supply of steel, copper and aluminum after July 1. OPA has announced it will seek to hold refrigerator prices to the level of March, j 1942, plus allow ances needed to cover increases in wages and material costs. t'.' 15t1i Army Has Large Region j Of Occupation SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE, Paris, May -19--Su preme headquarters disclosed for the first time today that the U. S 15th army's zone; of occupation in cludes everything , between the Rhine and, the jGermany border, from Wesel in the north to Karls ruhe in the south, and a small triangle east of the Rhine from Coblenz north to Dortmund, j In the final j occupation, how ever, much of the present zone is expected to be jtaken over by the French and British. J, ; v . The 15th thus lis governing ap proximately. 14JQ00 square miles. Including the rich Saar basin, the Rhine valley anjd the western half of the Industrial Ruhr. Aachen, Bonn, Cologne. Trier, Saar bruecken a n dj 1 Duesseldorf. are under its urisdiction. r lead i in bond subscriptions. Mrs. E. B. Henhingsen and Mrs. Nellie Wiederkehr hope that residents will purchase the entire quota of $55,000 at the first meeting, but they are not optimistic enough to believe that the figure will be doubled as it was in the Sixth drive last winter. ' .; Other towns t also were ' being urged by Cities Chairman Gene Vandendyne to fall into line for uie most unporuuit lkjuu Kumyixina yet made. These communities with a : - - 'J , 9 ' i. f . Uieu cnairmen etna quotas ltc: Jim Clough, Silverton $300,000 J. A. Childreth, Stayton, $125,000 Lloyd Hermigan,! Woodburn $125, 000; James Fournier, Mt. Ange $100,000: S. J. Smith. St. Paul $50,000; George fWadsworth, Ger vais : $35,000; Ronald v E. Jones, Brooks $35,000; D. B. Hill, Mill Gty $35,000; FredDental, Aurora $25,000; Mrs. Warren Pohle, Tur ner $20,000. . Jefferson has as yet selected no chairman for Its! $35,000 quota. Scheduled Schuschnigg Kart von Schuschnigg (seated), fused Hitler's Anschluss demand, from an Alpine concentration radio) Reds Submit i Proposal! for - . Combining Regional Croups With World Peace System . By DOUGLAS B. CORNELL 1 i f SAN FRANCISCO, May' .-iRussia submitted to jthe big five foreign ministers today the principle of self defense action in coordinating regional groups of nations under a world peace-keeping organization. t Differing from an American-sponsored amendment in lang uage, the Soviet proposal was reported to recognize the principle Captur Dr. Rosenberg, Nazi Leader LONDON, May 19 -(JP)- Dr. Al fred Rosenberg, dandy,- scented arch-philosopher of naziism and leader of Germany's anti-Russian crusade," has been caught in the allied dragnet of fugitive nazi leaders, a dispatch from the Brit ish 5 Second army front said to night I Rosenberg, sometimes called Hitler's "father confessor" and reichminister for former German occupied eastern Europe, was found In a Flensburg hospital,: a British officer said, as the search went on for nazi hangman Hein- rich Himmler. ii' Meanwhile, diplomatic quarters said that the Involved problem of just who is going to try big-shot German war criminals may speed a meeting of the "Big Three" leaders of the United States, Brit ain and Russia. 4 Valley Men Die in Action The names of PFC Clyde Mc- Millin, Donald; Sgt. Alva Ander sen, Lebanon; Maj. William Ken neth Horner, Sweet Home, and Sgt Jack D. Smith, son of W. Smith of. Salem, are today added to the list of World War' II dead. McMillin was killed In . action April 25 in the Philippines. . Andersen died of wounds re ceived at two Jima. .. - , Horner ; died April 17 near the Elbe river front In Gefmany. i Smith Is the second son in his family killed in this warj ' 1 v (Further details, on page 3) 1 War Bond Sales Face Slows Down in Oregon PORTLAND, May 1H)-War bond sales pace slowed, yesterday to the lowest of any day in the first week of the seventh . war" loan drive, y- ir-, 'y - j ' Sales of . $1,169,937 put Ore gon's total at $21,251,938 against a $110,000,000 quota; E bond sales were at $14,763,998 of a $55,000, 000 goal. ' V I ' '- ; . ... in.' i.l . : v 1 Murphy Made Publicity Chief for Republicans WASHINGTON, May 19 - OP) - Appointment of William C Mur Pby, jr, as publicity director; of the republican national commit tee was announced today by Chairman Herbert Brownell, Jr. Murphy has been chief of the Washington bureau of the Phila delphia Iniuirer since 1937," Salem, Oregon, Sunday Morning Ma? 20. 1S15 r i U Interviewed forme Austrian chancellor who re talks to reporters after his release camp. (AP Wlrephoto from OWI JL ' : I - 1 the draft of a proposal accepting that individual j countries or a group of nations have the inher ent1 light to act immediately in self defense if the security coun cil of a world league fas to pre serve peace. ' j ' .-"j ' ' There seemed, at first apprais al, little if any difference in the substance of the Russian proposi tion and the American-sponsored proposal which has been accepted by Latin American nations dur ing the proceedings of the United Nations conference. X The Russian draft was said) to follow rather closely in phrase ology an amendment submitted previously by the French. There was speculation "that the Soviets had approximated the French language in an effort to help solidify relations between those two countries. j ; The soviet proposal, which was said to raise no objection to the use ox uic pnraae cguecuvc ue- fense, was given brief j study by the Big" Five today. It goes be fore the American delegation Sot additional consideration tomorrow noon."- . j f , 1 : The Americans hope then! to compose I differences in language and have a compromise proposi tion ready for submission when the Big Five. meets later in jthe day.' ! '.. : - -, There 4iad been , delay In Rus sian Delegation j Chief Andrei KromyKa hearing from Moscow. : After chalking off progress re- Lports on creation: of a new world court, the conference : had .-begun marking time pending i break in Russian reticense on important conference problems. . ? .' 1 Oregon Man; Killed In Gar-Bus Crash PALO ALTO, dalif May 194) Harry A. Stearns, 54 Ashland, Ore- was killed tonight and his son-in-law, William Ji, Barcley, was injured seriously when Bar- cley'a automobile .and : a Grey hound bus collided.. - i - f Mrs. Barcley and her J4- months-old ; baby; suffered minor injuries. Police held the bus driv er, Hobart C. Tyler, 3r 22, San Mateo, for Investigation,'. - 13th Child Bern to Proud Albany Family ALBANY, Ore-J May ;19.-ffV-A 13th child was born today to Mr and Mrs. Luis Gutierrez. .! ; Gutierrez proudly noted he now has as many children fas letters in his name four boys for his first name and nine girls for his last. -.- Weather Max. i.a i-CS Mln. 5 I S ' Saa Fraacbc Eagea Salem . Portland trac jn trace ttaee ..cs Seattle WUUmtt river S fC to. .. VOIECAST: rtr U. S. Veatker ream, McNary fieta, Salem) Partly rlsody wtUi warmer temperatorca. M?v"im taa)r aeac Z eesreev ij I l ' Nazi Air General OnUBoat Big Sub Carried Air Plans, Man WitlioutXJniform BOSTON, May 19-(ff)-A luft waffe general and a mysterious civilian" were aboard the huge nazi undersea boat U-234 which came Into the Portsmouth, N. submarine base today shortly af ter a U-Boat commander who surrendered earlier this week committed suicide in a Boston jail. Luftwaffe Lieutenant General Ulrich Kessler was the most noted of the nazi sub U-234's nine pas sengers who included minor air and navy officers and a drab. dumpy man in civilian clothes, whose Identity was not made known. However, the general belief of observers was that the civilian was a technician who accompan ied the bales of air plans, con tents of which remained secret, reported aboard the submersible. The destination of the crew members six officers and 51 men was not known but the nine passengers were believed to have been taken to Washington. Thefer whereabouts, . however, was not officially commented upon. . Captain-Lieutenant Fritz Stein- hoff, commander' of the- U-783 which was brought to Portsmouth four days. ago, punctured a wrist artery with part of an eyeglass he smashed in his Charles street jail cell, the first service com mand said. Steinhoff and other members of bis crew were lodged in the civilian jail temporarily pending transfer to a prisoner of war camp. Raid Shelter Built Under White House WASHINGTON, 1 May 19 - (JP) All of . the blitz experience of the British went into . the construc tion of an air raid shelter' under the White House to protect the late President Roosevelt and his family. , Relaxation of censorship restric tions permitted disclosure today of the shelter and a tunnel from the White House to the treasury, The, tunnel was constructed as an emergency exit for the presi dent' pending completion of the bomb proof shelter.4- Both the shelter, said by its de signer to be capable of resisting a direct hit from a 500-pound bomb and perhaps a 1000 pound er, and the tunnel are entered by way of the basement from the east wing of the White House. They are not connected, directly. : The White House architect who built the shelter, Lorenzo Wins- low, and ; White ' House - officials described the elaborate precau tions taken to safeguard the presi dent in the early stages of the war. f'K-. . v y:y . vvV Mr. Roosevelt never entered the tunnel or participated in any of the White House air raid drills, long since suspended, but was said today to have inspected .the shelter on one occasion. -, , Judge Carl Chambers Named j Chairmanpf Tax Study Group County Judge Carl Chambers, Umatilla county,- waa Saturday named chairman of the state tax study commission : on which he will serve as representative " of public welfare, v r f f Names of four other members of the commission appointed by Gov. Earl Snell to serve with rep resentatives of the senate and house, the state budget director and the state tax commissioners were made public by the governor simultaneously with those of ap pointees to the public employes' retirement board. The governor's .member of the tax study commission are, William Howes, Gold Hill, farmer, repre senting agriculture; , Kelly Loe, Prlc5c 1 More t By the Associated Pre - . Yugoslav"- troops remained in disputed Trieste last night as Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander declared that Marshal Tito apparently intended to back his territorial cims with GERMANY V J '- FlrkW Pbu, AUSTRIA I Shading; indicates approximate area elaunedi by Tito's Yugoslav f regime In 1 dispute with allied occupation forces. Presence f I Yugoslav partisan forces in Trieste has been, disapproved by -. American and -British and has been the subject ef as Italia prrtttt. AP Wlrepfawto) :-' ; . I .t., ."'"' . - ij rr,. ,' -v.-i ':' ... t .'"'' . force a course which he said was Mall too reminiscent of Hitlerr Mussolini and Japan j J - : Tito, expressing "resentment" at Alexander's statement. Chinese ID 1 se Blow in Hunan " CHUNGKING, May 19 - (JPi -Chinese forces beat back a Jap anese offensive 400 miles northeast of Chungking in Honan province today at other assault forces '-' occupied the great east coast city of Foochow, the Chinese high com mand announced tonight j ! ' The Honan battle cost the en emy 15,000 casualties, the Chinese said. - . 1 !- - Southeast of Chungking in Hu nan province, the Chinese were at tacking Japanese points 19 and 25 miles northeast of Paoching, base of the Japanese' disrupted drive on the American airbase at Chihkiahg. I Foochow was the first of China's important treaty ports to be freed from Japanese rule. . . ' " It was the second time in four years that the Chinese had won back the strategic port, 125 miles northwest of the Japanese island of Formosa. The former capital of Fukien province had been held by the Japanese since Oct, 1944, and previously was enemy-occupied for five months in 1941. j i There were indications that Foo chow, lying in the coastal defense region where an American inva sion of the Chinese coast has been envisaged, was abandoned by the Japanese. There also were signs that enemy forces were pulling out of the east coast ports' of Wen- chow, Amoy and Swatow. CAB CATCHES FIRE Firemen were called to put out a blaze in a ear at 1145 South High street Saturday night Little damage was reported. . , - j public relations, Portland, : repre senting -.labor; Harvey N. Black, auditor and tax counselor, "Port land, representing business; George C Huggins, president of the School Boards Members association, Coos Bay, representing education, and Chambers. , j. 3 Members of the . public em ployes retirement board are W. C Schuppel, insurance broker, and Ralph A. Coan, Portland, both representative citizensr James M. Burgess, Milton, superintendent: of schools, representing teachers:' A. DeFrance, Salem, state highway employe, and Frank L.1 Emery, state insurance t department em ploye, Portland, representing tto pioycs.. . -'--.I pacKjapane No. 47 uviJOGD again, rejected an American-British request that his forces with draw from the port city and ait of northeastern Italy and southern Austria, saying Yugoslavs bad the right to occupy territory they had liberated. Developments included: r 1. Alexander, as Allied com mander in tile Mediterranean, told his troops he had been unable to come to an agreement with Tito and that "we -cannot throw away the principles for which we have fought." ' 2. Tito, replying in an inter view with the Yugoslav telegraph agency, said he felt "resentment and surprise,' and asserted that 'an accusation'' such as Alexan der's "can only be thrown into the face of an enemy." He reiterated that Yugoslav was prepared to co operate but "cannot allow herselt to be humiliated or . . . tricked out of her rights." Went Alter Decision 3. The Belgrade radio broad cast that the Yugoslav leader in a formal reply to American and British notes on Trieste said the presence of his troops in the dis puted zone would not "prejudge decisions of the peace conference ' as Ito whom these territories be- long." .,-.v- . .: 4. - Acting - Secretary of State Grew said in Washington that a Yugoslav note had been received) and could not be reconciled with the American position, i It reiter ated Yugoslav's territorial j claims. Grew added, and proposed a meth od for solution. ; The acting secre tary said the Uunited States was consulting with other governments concerned, presumably Britain and Russia. V v 8. In Trieste Yugoslav author ities Issued decrees banning Fas cist societies, confiscating prop erty owned by Germans, and di viding the area into three district for governmental purposes. There-. was no evidence of ' Yugoslav. withdrawal Yugoslav and Allied- troop "in the city remained ' on friendly terms. Two British de stroyers, .with guns pointing to the lulls behind the city, were in the harbor with a number of other ves sels. ... ,y-y. i y Casses Disappointment - 9. An Associated Press dis patch from Belgrade said Tito's note caused disappointment at the UJS. embassy but a feeling per sisted that a settlement could be reached. Reliable sources in Lon don said the note necessitated a further exchange of views. . Alexander ; statement to his troops, was made public with a statement saying Tito had agreed inJuly,U944, and again in Feb ruary of this year that Alexander's forces, for military purposes, might occupy .Venezia". Giulia province which embraces, Trieste. Yugo slavia agreed to occupy territory to the east to a line running north of Tiume. This line approximates the 1939 Yugoslav-Italian border. .1 L i