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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (May 9, 1945)
4 The Picture the World Had Long Awaited Unconditional Surrender: o GENERAL JODL SIGNS SURRENDER TERMS: j CoL Gustaf JodL Genua chief f of staff (center), situs tenv ef complete German swreader fat eeremoarjat SHAEf headquarters In a Reims, France, Mhoalbonse, oh May 7. Other are I Maj. Gen. -- . ! . r ; ' . , I. il -' 1.5 CJO5 i JmrS'' jt - On this day after formal decla ration and celebration of Victory in Europe it is fitting to pay trib ute to the leadership of the mili tary forces of the United j States who drove so relentlessly and so successfully to this grand climax. The quality of our high command has proved brilliant and steadfast; and the team which started the war played the game through to the end. It has not always been so. Often instruction in -military leadership came only in bitter de feats. This time,; aside from the Initial failure through enemy sur prise at Pearl Harbor, which ruin ed ; the reputations of Admiral Kimmel and General Short, there have been very few conspicuous deficiencies among bur command-tn.'y:r:"'"-'"y:i':""' : " ' I ; ' This in itself is remarkable, be cause our men were thrust into a war in which foreign, leaders' were already battle-seasoned, while our commanders had only the brief ex perience of the firt world war, and then usually! in posts of mi nor responsibility; We realize full well that it is the men in; the ranks and in the lower grades of com mand who do the actual fighting; but unless the work at GHQ is wisely done the fighting in the lield is often vain. In this war the staff work was surely superb, with only one significant interruption, the reverse in Belgium last De , cember, in the steady and progres sively more powerful drive to vic tory over Germany. J i The chiefs of staff who carried the full load of responsibility in cluded General George C. .Mar shall of the army, Admiral Ernest J. Kin of the navy, General H. H. Arnold of the army air force, Gen eral B. B. Somervell or the ; army service of supply, with Admiral Leahy as liaison officer represent ing the president. These were the men who organized the fighting forces, laid out 1 (Continued on Editorial page) 'Dresden Falls In Last-Hour Red Cleanup . LONDON, May 8.-;P)-Marshal Stalin announced tonight that Russian troops, in last-hour clean ups of German resistance units, had captured ith Saxon capital of Dresden and!! the Czechoslovak f nimnetz fOlomouc) while Czechoslovak partisans hoisted the ... . V tree flag ol tne repuouc over j jerks' 9 0 ' " "Cease fire" was ordered In Prague, In flames from- wanton nazi destruction, at 7:15 p. m. - TnAn time flOSS a. mJ PWT). Russian troops were 92 miles southeast . ' - ' At the same time, Cairo an nffiriallv that 10.000 Ger VVUUVvm v roans In the Dodecanese islands iinrir.d and Marshal Tito's Yugoslav - army liberated 4V,- rmntian otrVof Zagreb, last puppet capital of HiUer's fallen empire. ' : Splice the Main .Brace' for Tars 1 PEARL HARBOR, May 8-(flP)-A high priority message reached " u -nii.h liaison office here from Iondon telling the British Pacific fleet that V-E day naa do The message said: "Splice the This means double the ration of - ' - -j - "'I I . i: : NINETY-FIFTH YEAR Boost In A-Cards By Sterlin F. Green WASHINGTON, May i(JP) The lights of -American cities winked on tonight in token of Eu rope's liberation and the govern ment made ready to tell the public its homefront policies for the war against Japan. Director Fred M. Vinson of the office of war mobilization and re conversion set a news conference for tomorrow to release his chart for the future. "Brownout lifted" The war production board lifted the lighting "brownout immedi ately after President Truman's vic tory broadcast. With that action, the capital looked to Vinson for a decision on the midnight curfew, the racing ban and other minor check reins on the national life., - But these were minor considera tions and WPB Chairman J. A. Krug made it clear that the relax ation of industrial and manpower controls would be gradual and de liberate. - "War production must continue in tremendous volume and ' on schedule to meet all military needs. There will be. plenty of work for everyone." i Gas Status in Doubt These additional developments marked the day on the civilian front: 1. OPA and the petroleum ad ministration said the predicted 50 per cent increase in A-card gaso line rations probably must wait 30 days at least; Except possibly for tires no other alleviation of ra turning is in sight 2. The office of defense trans portation said it was not "even considering" lifting the prohibition against conventions. U. W. F. Campbell Of Independence Is . ; Killed in Pacific INDEPENDENCE - (Special) - Lt (jg) William F. Campbell, Jr. was killed in action in the Pacific, his wife was Informed Tuesday. The navy department: said the body had been buried on a Pacific island but would be returned af ter the war. The lieutenant was the son of William F. Campbell, sr., and Mrs. Edith Campbell of Independence and the husband o. Mrs. Betty Addison Campbell, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. E. L Ad dison of Independence; " who has been teaching at Oregon City. Blobs Turn V-E Day fato Looting Fracas HALIFAX, NS, May 8 VP) - Looting mobs, growing out of Hali fax's boisterous V-E day celebra tion raged through the business districts today, . smashing : store windows, battling police and caus ing loss unofficially estimated ln the, hundreds of thousands of dol Lars. : . -i 1 I ' r 1 Studied I is -t ' Frledeburr, commander! eorp radiophoto). i I . , i i i . I V L U J i i . I I r i : 12 PAGES! Ike Clad'to Get! Rid of 'Those ! Damn Germans9 - my: the- Associated Press) Seventeen j press! and radio correspondents, including one woman, crowded into the school room at Reims and jwatched al most incredulously as the Ger mans silently, signed the docu ments of unconditional isurrei dee early Monday ! j Margaret Ecker ol Vancouver, war correspondent for jthe Ca nadian pressj the only (woman in the party flown, from Paris to witness the; ceremony, said in a broadcast from! Paris Tues day :, that Gen. 1 Eisenhower's first words after he dismissed the! nazi emissaries; were: j j glad to get Germans.!' "111 certainly be rid Of those damn Miss iEckerj said the German officer, appeared arrogant when they began the negotia tions, but were "very subdued" when the ceremonies ended. MoIotovlAsks fConsolidatioii .i ,.: I I : I Of Victory 1 i M SAN FRANCISCO, May 8--0- The Russian. Commissar Molotov called on the United Nations; to night to "consolidate our victory on jthe pattlefield forts fori the food the years ahead. with! joint! ef- of humanity in j Molotov will leave San Fra4cis co tomorrow for Moscow, leaving the Big jThree deadlock over Rol and unbroken He is turning over the I chairmanship of the Soviet delegation at the ii United Nations conference to Ambassador Andrei Gromyko. j The Soviet union has noti re- plied to the American and Brit ish request for an explanation of the arrest, of 1 Polish under ground J leaders, it : was learned. Such a reply was made the Amer ican and British condition for re sumption of ' hegotiations on Pol and. tf i i Meantime, : ;the i United Nations conference agreed today to (give priority jin its; working committees to big-power amendments I to world charter for maintaining peace. I Proposals i of srnall coun tries will have to wait their turn. (Additional details page 12.) Body Elepbrtedly That of Hitlei- Is Found in Beitlin' LONDON, May! 8-Dispatch- es from the British Second army front' said today a Russian genera had disclosed that a body purport ed to be that of Adolf Hitler had been found by Red army troops in the ruins of Berlin. ; The general was reported to have said that photograph taken of (he body would be ; studied in Moscow.;'-?; ''p--"i t- There was Ho confirmation from iii in , i i i i . the Soviet capital. , . Wilhelm Oxenias (left); personal aide W Gtau Ja la chief of the German 1 1.1 POUNDD DEW f -j ' ' J V-E Day ; Renews , . i. - ... vi hi-' -t. Efforts in ! .... J l ...... . I 1 ,-.r. -I-' - H 1 Mid-Willamette valley residents observed V-E day by filling the Red Cross blood bank to capacity. Today, salvage committeemen' were crossing their fingers in hope that street-corner tin and waste paper depots might be similarly treated, while war finance commit tee workers continued spadework on the payroll savings plan j pre paring for the opening of the sev enth war loan next week. I ' j Constant re-dedication to the blood donor service will be requir ed if the 200-pint maximum is jto be contributed here each Tuesday while were are wounded ) who need plasma and men fighting n the Pacific fronts, the "extra" per sons who appeared at the 'First Methodist church Tuesday were told. Union Service Held Union; V-E services were spon I I ! sored by the Salem Ministerial as sociation Tuesday night at the First Presbyterian church, ( with praise and thanksgiving, penitence and dedications as the theme. The Rev. Dudley Strain led responsive readings and prayers. The Rev. Raynor Smith spoke on' "We Remember Before Thee" and the Rev. Chester Hamblin on! Vft Rededicate Ourselves to Thee." Josephine Albert Spaulding sahg "The Lord's Prayer" by Maiotte, and Mrs.' Ralph Dobbs played the organ. ; Worshippers other churches gathered also las of the city; Cath olic masses Tuesday morning drew many, t I . f Schools Have Programs Every school conducted some sort of Victory day observance. . At uie mgn acnooi iorouiy k,oo a, a.- L a f m m e ; 1 ney represented the student body, Harry Broadbcjnt the faculty and Principal Harry. Johnson the, ad ministration, all speaking around the theme "What V-E Day Means to Me.? I .j ;-r -IT - Principal Joy Hills .of j Leslie Junior high school outlined the course of the war since 1839 .The high school band played for tjie ssembly. ! : - U - Two chorus groups and the band provided music at Parrish junior high school. The Rev. Charles Durderi was principal speaker, t In in official pronouncement pa V-E: day,, Gov." Earl Snell sajld, "We must not forget that our boys are still out there in the far Pa cific fighting .for our freedom ! at this very hour. We must not for get the: great sacrifices they; have made. We must not forget the thousands of gold star parents la- mong us." ? r 'y..;: VA,-:, State Director of Agriculture E L.I Peterson stressed that Oregon is a great producer of feed and that V-E day could only add! to requirements of food for Europe. Thousands of V-E Dayj lapel tgs were distributed under the "honor system"? whereby i wearers; pledge themselves to further effort jK (S and Geiu Adnural Hani G. Vm nary. (AP wlrephoto from mlsnal ) ScdeBt, Orecon, WeineadxrT Morning, May 9, 1945 So ! i I' I : Restrictions of Censorship Are Partially Lifted WASHINGTON May 8! VP) brought restric- Enxf at the war in Europe an easing of : censorship tibns today. , '-"'JiS Byron Price, director of censor ship, announced that the volun tary newspaper code soon will be rewritten, u) shorter form. '' In the meantime, several sec tions were eliminated or modified. Wholly eliminated were provi sions dealing with information on attacks by air, weather; reports and sabotage.- ; Rules on publication - of infor mation about war prisoners, in ternees and civilian prisoners Were but down to a prohibition against 'information as to arrival, 'move ments, confinement or identity of military prisoners irom war zones." Doenitz Gives To Its Victor LONDON, May 8 rW- Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz, announcing that he had discharged his "fore most task saving the lives of Ger man people" i ordered I German forces to cease fire, pronounced the end of the iNazi reich: and placed the fate of the people and himself at the mercy of the Al lies. JI-. ; ;; Speaking sadly and solemnly, Doenitz, , who once told his sub marine Commanders to go out arid "Kill, kill,: kiiyi (rendered to the people an j accounting of his his toric eight days! M fuehrer. ' He , called upon Germans i to "walk dignified, I disciplined and courageous . . . in the hope that our children may one day have a tVaa etui mjmivwmt kviefanM Doenitz ; declared that the Nazi party had been 3evered from the state. ' - ..lit- --.I Lack of Opposition Tribute to B-29s ! V GUAM, Hay 8.-6P-Crews re turning, from today's B-29 raid on Kyushu reported an utter lack of air opposition and no anti-aircraft fire, indicating i jthe effectiveness of the campaign to knock out en emy air bases ion that southern. Japanese homeland island. PFC Victor) Hassing Of Mt. Ansel Killed 1 MT. ANGEL PFC Victor Has sing, 23, Mt Angel, was killed in action on Luzon; April 19, accord' Ing to a telegram received Tues day from the t war department by his widow, Mrs. Alary Hassing.' " (Details on servicemen's page) i .j.i "i . k' - CHAPLAIN SEES RE-TEIAL LOS ANGELES, - May Z.-iJPf Charlie Chaplin; today filed notice in superior court that le will ask for a new trial ! of the paternity suit that recently! resulted in his being adjudged the father of Car- nl Ann Pamr. i .1;. : i Germany '.,.-.,11 . i -1 . --. . Br thm Associated Presa : i REIMS, i France, : May 7.-(De-layed)-(f-The death sentence of German's j third reich and Eu rope's charter for it new era -of peace were jsigned in the prosaic brick: school! house of Reims be fore dawn today by the enemy high command. : ? ' j ;: - - v In document of unconditional surrender fore-ordained by the United States - and ... Britain" " 28 months ago Gen. , Gustav . Jodl, chief of staff of the wehrmacht and shaggy, jsrowed G?. Admiral Hans Georg Von Friedeburg, chie of the German navy, ended the most horrible - war in the history of western civilization, ; i Silently with taunt faces the two warrior servants of the beat en nazi empire put their names to the capitulation to the armed for ces -of Allied Supreme Comman der: Eisenhower in the west and Marshal Stalin In the east .t Then, with his voice and bear ing as steady as the Prussian mil itary tradition demands, Jodl asked leave) to speak. Admitting no guilt of war nor consciousness tit - th- ciiffcirtntf infMMAA nr - Vi rest of the world he appealed to the victors or a "generous treat ment" of the German people, r M On the wall behind' his back was a huge chart tabulating al lied casualties. -- ' The school house in Reims, was Gen. Eisenhower's advanced head- lruman. Warns WASHINGTON, i May President Truman, in' words of stern triumph and dedication, pro claimed defeat of a crushed Ger many today and served grim no nce on Japan that; her doom was sealed. I A nation at war picking up the cue from its president went on with the matter-of-fact business of making war without breaking stride to celebrate the victory in Europe. j "This is a solemn but glorious hour," said the chief executive. "I only wish that Franklin D. Roose velt had lived to witness this day." Mr. Truman made no mention of a "V-E j day" celebration and cautioned the nation that itsjwar job is not finished. The president in a statement emphasized an implied call to the Japanese . people : to follow the Nazis in surrender before it is too late.- -j - "The longer the war lasts," the statement Said, "the greater will be the suffering which the people of ? Japan will undergo all in vain." He asserted that "uncondi- uonai surrender does not mean tne extermination or enslavement or the Japanese people.' Churchill Also Reminds of Japs LONDON, May 8 - VP) - Prime Minister Oiurchill, with a solemn reminder that Japan "remains un subdued' and . still must be brought to justice, today formally proclaimed the war with Germany was ended. : Shortly afterwards King George VI in a special V-E day broadcast to the British empire from Buck ingham palace called upon his peo ple to "give thanks to God for great deliverance.'' Churchill beaming broadly and smoking a 'cigar; rode to commons in an open, car through cheering crowds after his historical official announcement of the end of the LEuropean war. In commons, all the typical stolidness of the house was brushed aside and the historic chamber echoed to cheers. : Nazi Salute Outlawed v By Order of Doenitz LONDON 'May 8-WVThe Ger man communique broadcast today over the j Flensburg radio said "Grand Admiral Doenitz has de creed abandonment of the Hitler introduced Nazi salute and the restoration: of the military salute of the German army. German Holdouts Yield, Radio Says 1 LONDON, May 9.H!p)-The Par is radio broadcast an unconfirmed report today that German holdout garrisons jin the French channel ports of Lorient and La Rochelle had surrendered and that French troops have entered both cities. Nippon ! quarters. On a big wooden table in front of Jodl lay lour identical documents to which he had Just affixed his signature. There was one each j for the United States, Britain, France and Russia. Each bore the words first written by President I Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill at Casablanca: "Unconditional surrender , ; f j : Seventeen , correspondents In cluding Edward Kennedy of the Associated Press., were present at the signing and heard Jodl'4 plea. t "After h, bad signed the four instruments of surrender and aft er the military representatives of the four powers-had signed them, Jodl asked for permission td speak. He was told he might. His voice was slow and soft and he said: vj ith ihis.'signature, thp Ger man people and armed forces are, for better or , worse, delivered into the victors' hands. C ' C1 fin this war which has! lasted more than five years, but have achieved jand suffered more than perhaps any other people jin the world. In this hour, I can only ex press the .hope that the victor will treat generously with- theni fj? : His face was expressionless and so were the faces of the American, British, . Russian 'and French .gen erals whd represented the lallies. AH had seen German biurder camps and all knew the furious cruelty o: German occupying for- ces. i Price m mm Gen. Eisenlipwer Commends All His Armies; Prisoners to Return Home as 'Speedily as Feasible' . By AUSTIN BEALMEAR PARIS. Wednesdav. Mav 9(kV normanv i , w jtf w . " -0 rv JTi today to the most erusMno; defeat erer inflicted upon a rta- linn. flKiAf cnrMiirlAF :vkrAil3?ml a 4 It a wavU Vr i United States, Britain and Russia. , The Moscow radio! in behalf of Premier Marshal Stalin, whose red armies broke the armed inieht of Hitlers' reich An ih net sin f mnf innnnnrM) iYim iinMin)i(!nnnl r.. J. to the Russian people at 1:10 & U. S.! Casualties in berman War Total 750,000 WASHlNGTON. May War aeainst Germanr. endine to day, cost this nation ovef three quarters of a million casukltiesJ ' Actually reported losses, cover ing action only up to about April 1 for the army. and. up to April 26 for the s other services. ! number 747,164, Including 148,385 killed. The army s list shows 139,498 dead. 467.408 wounded. 72.374 missine. 52.990 Drisoners. ! i The navy reports European war losses of 14.347 includinc 8.345 dead, 67j missing, 301 wounded, 29 prisoners. Mussolini's Widow Taken Into Custody ! WTTWITWR TT. R V1KTM ARMY AT THE . ITALIAN - AUSTRIAN FRONTIER, May - 8 -iP)- Signora Rachele Mussolini, widow : of U Duce, was taken Into custody five days ago somewhere in northern Italy, it fwas learned tonight ' ! - Two of the Mussolini children, not Identified by name, were also picked up and taken with her to Monte Catini, west of Florence, but no other information; was im mediately available. - j : 1 . i. Nimitz Says Japs I Would Quit If Had 'Common Sense' r; S GUAM, Wednesday, Hay Japan ''U1 be hit with! "every thing we have" in air newer . hoth land-based and fleeV Flet Adm. cnester jw. Nimitz asserted today i:; Nimiti in a radio messake broad cast to ithe United States, com mented:, "If the enemy ' oM?rtT were at all times dictated by com - mon sense he might choose to sur- render soon.' , - I ; . Jodl finished speaking and sat down. The sound of his voict was; quickly absorbed by the bea verboard covering the room's walls.- ' I A moment passed In dead si lence and then the German repre sentatives were taken dovn the hall; to meet , Gen. Eisenhower. - ' Eisenhower and his deputy. Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder, were waiting. They stood behind Eisenhower's small desk. Jodl entered first, followed by Friedeburg, and then by CoL Pol eck,;a German supply expert. V Poleck glanced once at the al lied i officers, rriedeburg looked out the window. Only Jodl, his bald head gleaming beneath na ked electric light bulbs, looked the American and British command ers in the face. - Again there was a moment ef heavy silence. r . I Then Eisenhower spoke. He was brief and terse as always. His voice was cold and stern. His jsteel blue eyes were hard. In! a few clipped sentences, he madeit plain that Germany was a defeated nation and that . hence forth orders to the German peo ple would come from the allies. He said they would be obeyed. . . Then the Germans filed out. It1 wasi over. j . .. .'. ; Nazi' Germany has ceased U exist. ;4'; -. . . , The war had ended. Weatlier. Max. Mln BaJa 4S trace 4 e 44 48 San Fra&cisco Eugene i Salem Portland! .5S -7S 7S 7S Seattle J- ..73 47 WUlamcn river 3 ft 7 in. FORECAST: Clear today, with U hlch thin clouds. Maximum tempera tur expected about SI degrees. 5c No. 37 a. m. today, ten hours and teni minutes after President Truman and Prime Minister Churchill pro claimed V-E day. The announcement said the fi nal articles of capitulation were signed yesterday in Berlin, the ruined capital symbolic of the fall of the third reich. Field Marshal Wilhelm KieteL chief of the German high com mand, jsigned the articles in the presence of Marshal Gregory K. Zhukov, assistant commander in the red armies: Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder. deDuty su preme ! commander in the wests Gen. Carl A. Spaatz, chief ct the U. strategic air forces in Europe, and Lt Gen. Jean De Lat tre De Tassigny, commander of the French First army. : (Owning Ignominlty For Germany it was a crown ing' ignoniinity--Von Kietei, whose armies all but mastered .Euron forced j to sign in the ashes of Germany's first dty the surren der articles which stripped the reich of its last vestige of military strength. - . The guns of Eurone. which through five years, ehtht month and' seven days of unexampled war inflicted possibly 40,000,009 casualties, fell silent at one min ute past midnight today (3.-01 p. m Tuesday, Pacific war time). : MJE - ' I ' ' 4 - i . i -i In a ringing order of the davl - Gen. Dwight Eisenhower told hie armies that rthe crusade on which we embarked in the early summer : of 1944 has reached its Kloriou conclusion. . . i "Valiant Performance' - "It i iny especial privilege in" the name of all nations represent ed in this,theatre of war to com mend each cf you for valiant per formance of duty," he said. 1 r i In a special message to allied prisoners of war, Eisenhower said they must remain where they were for the present but "your return home will be organized es speedily as feasible,? . Under the stern formula Ger many's guns are at rest, her air fleets are viplHM nA W ( ships, ; U-boats and merchantmen j at sea are headed toward allied 'ports to give up. - ' . .V run for all hands. ' -