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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (March 28, 1945)
-v. i. .4 ; - - v . ' rr fJjlM. 'if . it- JV U Easfr Don WDEDQCa l x 1. f , POUNDbO 1651 1- I i M " L: r , . ; " In the diary of Samuel R- Thurs ton, first territorial delegate from Oreeon to the congress, appears this entry: "Tune 22. 1850 Wrote a letter to A. Bush about going toOregonJ The meat of his letter was i to propose to Bush to go out to the new territory and start a j news paper which would support the democratic party. Thurston, back in Washington, had been working on the project for some months. On Jan. 13, 1850, he made this entry: "Today I had a long talk with Mr Fitch of Michigan about going to Oregon to start democratic pap er. Later he wrote a Mr. Crane of the New York Evening Post on the same subject; he spent two weeks in March in Springfield, Mass., looking up possible editors, and bv Mav was : busy seeing about buying a press. What spurred him on was the report that the Whigs were going to start ah organ in Portland. His Information was correct A Whig organ, the Oregonian was launched in December, 1850. Thurston was anxious to protect himself, and his i party by getting a paper of his own started.. He finally found the i man he was looking for in Asahel Bush, who while studying law was editing the Westfield, Mass. Stan dard. Bush came west to the ter ritorial capital at Oregon City, established The Oregon Statesman as Thurston had desired, on March 28, 1851. : . ' ! So today is The Statesman's birthday. It "is 94 years old. No celebration is planned; not even a birthday cake. Merely this salute to its founder (Continued on editorial page) Manpower Bill Passes House Bv Seven Votes WASHINGTON, March 27-Uv Manpower legislation arming War I Mobilize amesX Byrne- with an enforcement club of , jail sen tences and fines squeaked through the house today, by a seven-vote margin. I A vole of 167 to 160 sent to the senate the compromise bill giving Byrnes power; to fix ceilings on employment, to freeze workers in their jobs and to regulate hiring nd rehiring. Violations of his or ders by either employer or em ploye would be punishable by one year in jail apd a fine of $10,000. j An even . harder fight on ,the bill is expected In the senate, which probably will take it up to morrow. During the two compro mise measure, the senate balked on a less sweeping measure adopt ed by the house. German Hope Of Separate Peace Gone LONDON, March 27 .-flPrime . Minister Churchill, appearing in the house of commons at an hour when German armies of the west f reeled back before the greatest " Allied victory of the war, squelch ted today: any possible eleventh hour peace proposals by the en ' emy. ' . " - - r. With a curt, Mno sir," he an- . awered a question as to whether . parliament would have a chance to r discuss any German proposals . lor laying down arms. ' Any such proposal, Churchill said, . would be communicated ' forthwith to Russia and the United States, bound unequivocally : to ' ' declaration that Hitler's Germany i must accept unconditional surren : ' der or be flattened. '. Women, Children Free ;To Evacuate Berlin f STOCKHOLM, March 27.-P- Dispatches from Berlin said a de cree had been issued permitting women, children and others cot 1 regarded as essential for; defense - of the capital to leave the .city without special formalities. Hubbub of Excitement Caused , By Nazi Surrender Rumors , (By the Associated Press) . A hubbub of v excitement over rumors that Germany had sur i rendered kept telephone lines 5 humming and newspaper offices - in a quandary today throughout .Oregon before the mistake was 'corrected. Radio broadcasts and teletypes f some railroads carried the er roneous V-E dar report, not dis tributed by The Associated Press. Listeners at once hurried to tele phone friends and to query news paper offices and press bureaus. . Pedestrians on Oregon streets ttopped others," shouted, "Hey, you NINETY-FIFTH YEAR SvBj (S3, '!- SI Russian ! Forces In Danzig Two Red Armies Unite in Assault Toward Austria By Romney Wheeler LONDON, Wednesday, Mar. 28 -JP)-Armor-paced Russian forces plunged within 61 miles of Vien na s city limits, herding tne txer mans back upon the Austrian bor der now 23 miles away .from Sov iet units charging across the tables land of northwestern Hungary, Moscow announced, last, night. Far to the north, other power ful Russian forces crashed into the center of fire-blackened Danzig I and fought through the streets of the neighboring polish port of Gdynia, the ; Soviet communique said. . j ': The fall of thes two vital Nazi naval bases on the Baltic appeared imminent.' Their capture would give the Russians a psychological as well as 4 military triumph, for it was over Danzig sandHhe ad jacent Polish corridor: that Adolph Hitler found a pretext for launch ing the second WorldLwar, Sept 1, 1839. In German upper Silesia- and adjacent Polish Silesia, Marshal Ivan I. Petrov's Fourth Ukraine army linked up with : the " First Ukraine army commanded by Mar shal Ivan S. Konev, and the mas sive forces lashed out together on an 80-mile-wide front against the Germans' Sudeten mountain posi tions. Soviet units on the left flank of this front which faces generally southward, won positions 14 miles northeast of Moravska-Ostrava, Czechoslovakia's third city guard ing the northern route to Prague and already threatening Vienna. After capturing the Polish city of Kybnik, 13 miles east of Ratibor, Soviet forces drove nine miles be yond ; that eight-way highway junction and took Loslau (Wodzi- slaw) for their closest approach to the Moravian gap. Nazis Admit Rhine Front Badly Shaken LONDON, March 27.-(-The official German news agency ack nowledged tonight that the Ger man army s Rhine front was "thoroughly shaken" and describ ed Lt. Gen. George S. Patton's deep smash across the reich's waist as "a surprising turn of de velopments.' DNB Commentator Dr. Max Krull quoted "competent German circles," however, as saying "The Germans are not lacking reserves in the hinterland to build up a new defensive wall." ) ' Krull declared that Patton's drive; eastward which could lead to a Juncture with a Russian push westward from Silesia, "points to other strategical- objectives, one being the historic plan to separ ate northern and southern Ger many through a line of the riv er Main." heard the war s over In Ger many?" Portland shipyards and industries in other areas . called the press, asking if plans to cele brate victory in Europe should be started. i At the state capitol in Salem, state officials and employes ganged eagerly Into the pressroom to find out more details. They learned the report was incorrect, then wandered sadly, back to desks. Many callers anxious to contact newupaper offices dialed again and again, only to get busy sig nals. , - 12 PAGES Yank Plane Smoke and flames tower from a struck by another plane landing j(AP Wlrephote from Army Air 51 ' " J 'ft" ? I 1 L.. '. - M i? h it . '? if - vfl.'.-'SiV ; ... j 1 ; ' ijfatfy Cute lrarsiip Budding Program But Cautions Against Optimism WASHINGTON, Matfch drastically its latest warship building program even as Fleet Ad- rrfiral Ernest J. King said "No quick and easy victory (over Jap? an) xaii be taken for granted." ii; . . '. A $1,000,000,000 "insurance" construction program announc ed March 6 was slashed 175 per Lt. Hannaman in Crash ; v6r Germany rst Lt. James D. Hannaman of ! Salem was killed when the Eighth air force bomber on! which he was co-puot went dovn bv erTDusiieldorf early In Janu ary, the ar de partment noti fied ' his widow Tuesday.; Mrs. ' Hanna man, the for mer Lilaj Mur ray, hadj pre viously been in formed he war missing i in ' action. , Hannajtian, a fomer student at University of Oregon, was associated with his father, the late George Lv Hanna man, in the contracting - firm of Viiesko and. Hannaman before en tering air corps active senate. Survivors in addition to his wid- oVi are two children," Jimmy," Jr ai4d Vicki; his - mother, j Mrs. Gorge L. Hannaman of fakers filld, Calif.; sisters, Betty June Dihlen ; and Mary Jane Hanna man, both of Bakersfield; broth ers, Sgt Jack Hannaman, serving with the army in England, and Paul Hannaman, Bakers fiel 51,673 U.S. Plan Sent at Nazis in Week LONDON, March 27-P)-bnited States air forces sent 51,673 planes against German targets in the week of March 16-22, just before the Al lied Rhine offensive, and lfst 227 while destroying 375 enemy air- craft, U. S. strategic air force headquarters in Europe annoimc IK today. , : ; . JThe Oregon Statesman appreci ates living in the Willamette val lefrand starting its 85th yfcar to day. ,. feat 4iu!Si. ..S).J - I U.1WN yewswortihj . .i ,5-, . . . i Salem. Oregon. Wednesday Morning. - s I ' II'..-: II i U0UUS1 Burns on Iwo Mustang fighter' plane which was en the treacherous Iwe Jlma airstrip Forces).? Admiral King navy today cut back cent. iThis reduced a projected oik new iieei ox ot warsnips OI all categories totaling 636,860 tons to 12 escort carrier of 150,000 tons.i Other chaser of the mvt'i overall building program were not affected. . : j ; j. ' -:; However, it was j reported that the joint chiefs of staff, who de- -Cided upon the warship building cut, are questioning the maritime commission on the. heed of build ing aoout 40 newt tankers now planned for delivery this year and next ' in i i . i ; ' Admiral King's note of caution was included in his annual report as fleet; commander in chief, which also said that the war in, the Pa cific "today is ahead of our ex pectatipns of last year." ! f Although emphasizing that there has been no Pacific schedule "ex cept ta go as far and as fast as the means at hand would permit," the fleet admiral said the "very speed" of the advance on Tokyo "has created new production prob- i T- ; Tokyo Reports New B-29 Raid SAN: FRANCISCO, March 27,- (A'J-Tokyo radio said southern Ja pan Wis attacked for the second time in 12 hours Tuesday by su perfortresses. The enemy said the second;! raid was made by SO to 60 B-29s which dropped incen diaries ! and explosives for two hours. and half around midnight Tuesday (Tokyo time). j .1 .-, This 1 report, unconfirmed im mediately by Allied sources, was put out by Japanese Domei news agency and intercepted by the fed' era! communications commission. Headquarters of the 21st bomber command at Guam previously had reported a raid by more than 200 Superforts around noon Tuesday (Japanese time) on Kyushu. Iligli German Officers Captured, by Yankees W?TH THE VjS. FIRST ARMY EAST OF THE RHINE, March 27 WV-Two aazi maiop generals, sev eral j colonels and ) 15 lieutenant colonels were : captured today by doughboys in a roundup pt more thanf 1200 prisoners: in the vicinl ty c Khrenbreitstein across the Rhine from "Cologne . March 28, 1945 ! mi : Soldiers Smash Through Stiff Jap Defenses By James Hntcheson MANILA, Wednesday, March 28 -(iT'J-Veterali Yanks of the Eighth army's American division landed on Cebu Island against well-prepared beach defenses Monday morning after effective naval and air bombardment and quickly speared two and a half miles northward almost to the outskirts of Cebu City, Which , was burning from Japanese torches. Gen. Douglas MacArthur an nounced the invasion today in a communique which said the Jap anese defenders were caught "off guard." i ' Front dispatches reported, how ever that the Americans encoun tered stiff - mortar fire on the beaches, which were elaborately rigged for defense. V Associated Press Correspondent Richard Bergholz wrote that "the Japanese must , have known . the Yanks were coming to Cebu. They had everything ready for a long, tough fight" I He said that although., the am phibious Buffaloes used by the as sault waves were pinned down on the beach ! by : mortar fire, the Yanks pSleaouVand staried" inland afoot against disorganized resis tance. - '-. A spokesman saidAhe Crt close- range contact: with Japanese did not come until the Americans were 3000 yards inland. As Maj. Gen. William H. Ar nold's Americans knifed inland the enemy fell back. Hie Japanese finally blew the big three-span highway bridge across the Managa river, just north of the beachhead. The landing was made near Tal- isay, which is about five miles south of Cebu City, midway along Cebu's east coast Alien Nippons Use of Land Bill Is Signed A bill , to prevent alien Japanese from living on or using land pur chased in the name of a relative became law Tuesday when it was signed by Governor Earl Snell. The "bill, introduced by the sen ate revision of laws committee and known as senate bill 274, carried an emergency clause, which makes it , effective immediately; rather than 9Q days after legislative ad journment . .... . Japanese ! aliens are prevented from owning land, and the' new law will prevent them from .con tinuing their practice Of using land purchased in the name of a rela tive, who is a citizen. - Seventeen other bills were signed Tuesday byi the governor. ' Japs Launch Raid on Iwo GUAM, Wednesday, March 28,-r (APpTwo hundred or more 'Japa nese, well 'supplied with grenades and carrying rifles or revolvers, broke into a bivouac area of army fighter pilots and aviation service troops on Iwo Jima in a well or ganized, surprise attack Monday. Marines of the Fifth division finally smashed the attack," killing 196 Japanese! Ortanlzed resistance ended on two on March1 16, Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz announced sev eral dayr ago- f ' Huge New Yank, British Tanks jn Europe Action PARIS, March 27-ii'a)-General Eisenhower said today that some new American and British "tanks equivalent to the German Tiger and Panther models now had ap peared on the battlefield. Their numbers are not large but will increase if the war lasts, the supreme commander of the west ern Allies said at a press conference. No. 1 baos Nimitz Silent .j On Nip Report Of Landings By Elmont Waite GUAM, Wednesday, March 28. CflP Still denying the enemy any hint of his intentions, Fleet A dm. Chester W. Nimitz today reported both carrier planes and fast na val ships of the US Pacific fleet continued their intense bombard ment of the Ryukyus. He totally ignored repeated Japanese broad casts that American troops had made amphibious landings on strategic Okinawa in the center of the island chain. Nimitz did not even locate the targets for Tuesday's bombard ment but they presumably were in Okinawa and possibly adjacent small islands, as were three others in the last four days. Tuesday was the tenth cohsecu tive day that. Vice Adnt Marc A. Mitscher's carrier pilots have bombed, rocketed and strafed tar gets from southern Honshu to the southern Tyukyus, and the fourth day in five that Adm. Raymond A. Spruance's fast, new 16-inch gun battleships have poured their explosive charges into shore , de fenses in Okinawa: or vicinity. Argentina at War With Axis, Ends Isolation BUENOS AIRES, Mar. Argentina s .military governmen declared the existence of a state of war with the Axis nations to day in" a move frankly to end its diplomatic isolation. ; The decree issued by the gov eminent stated that, war was de clared against Japan because of the attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor and against Germany because Germany Was Japan's al- The decree as broadcast by the government radio also expressed the government's adherence to the Chapultepec acts in accordance with the invitation Issued by the Mexico City conference of Amer ican republics. '.'"!. I . It concluded with a statement that appropriate ; measures : would be taken to supervise the activ ities of companies,' individuals and organizations which, might affect Argentina's relations' with other American countries or threaten their-peace. - --r - ' p .r Vets' Affaire f Tp'Be Probed ; I WASHINGTON, March The house voted an investigation of the veterans ' administration today but efforts to obtain a full scale' probe Into all veterans af fairs failed. - ' By a vote of 256 to 4 the house approved a resolution by Chair man Rankin (D-Miss.) of the vet erans committee authorizing that committee to investigate the facil ities of. the veterans administra tion. - - Rankin promised; an investiga tion ."which will leave no stone -unturned?, but Rep. Philbin-(D- Hass.) declared the action jtoo limited to uncover, the true state of veterans treatment 'P British Food Officials Arrive in Wasninston V i WASHINGTON, March 27.P jPressing. world' food i problems brought two high British officials here .. today at . the invitation of President Roosevelt - - r ' " The visitors, the right honorable Oliver Lyttleton, minister of pro duction,, and CoL J. J. Llewellin, minister of food, will talk "with "highest American authorities. Weather Max. Mia. San Francisco 68 , 43 Eugene , ., . SO 34 Salem , -St . 3 Portland 6 " 4 SeatU ., , S7 "- V SS - trace trace trace trace Willamette liver 1 ft : i In. FORECAST: 4 from McNanr field, Sa lem) Occasional rain showers today with mostly cloudy skies except for Price 5c &ief periods of sunshine. .S. First Knifes 27 More Miles; News Blackouts 1 - Moving Armies By AUSTIN BEALMEAR ? . PAIUS, Wednesday, March 28 (AP) Allied armlet poured east in a torrent through smashed German lines yes- erday, led by U S. First army miles eastward and breaking enemy was desperately trying irom iserun. , ine entire ironi blazed with the fires of victory as seven allied armies pressed home clared was one of the greatest triumphs of any war. A front dispatch) said "the rout is under way." I s The Rhineland battle, forever a blackday in, Prussian military history, had stripped make another successful stand although Eisenhower, said they yet) would form a temporary line. j But 'now one of those lines army's dash, which swept into river, even as the enemy tried the disasters of the Rhine. Twelve miles to the southeast, another First army tank force was closing on Wetzlar, News blackouts closed over these spearheads, Just as they did over racing U.$- Third army tank columns, which had shredded defenses ol tne river Mam at many points southeast oz ranxiurt ana by enemy account wkre loose '225 miles southwest of Berlin. On the north flank, the British through the enemy lines on the north German plain and dashed east- -ward almost unopposed under another security blackout. ' - The U-S. Seventh army lashed out from its hew bridgehead north of Mannheim, cut7 the Frankfurt-Mannheim superhighway at a second J S i - ' , a . .1 V. 1 I 11 1 J 1 1 . poini ana was nine mues easi oi uie runne. i prouaoiy uaa una.ea up with the Third army in its Mainz-Worms crossings. n . -ri - i i 1 . a, A 1 At " tjienerajMBeenxiower aeciarea wai uie wennnacnt as a uuuuuj force on the westenufront is a whipped army," and called the Allied triumph along the Rhine one of the greatest of any war. He predicted the Nazis would be beaten into abject surrender that there would be no negotiations. j Censorship Shrouds Moves j Partial censorship shrouded the extent.of the sensational Allied advances, but the enemy radio said XSS. Third army columns were ap proaching Wuerzburg in Bavaria, 223 miles from Berlin, and bad reached Xjohr, 225 miles from the rubbled German capital. j ' : Third; army doughboy were fighting 'in the heart of Frankfurt ;on the east side of the Main river after , charging across a damaged rail road bridge in the face of blistering machinegun and mortar fire. They had a strong holding in the southwestern part of Germany's ninth city, but the eiiemy still was resisting stubbornly. r . u I 'i: The !Allied-controlled Luxembourg radio' said Wiesbaden, "four miles west of Frankfurt near the confluence of the Main and Rhino' rivers ha W seized.-; r:'V-' ; -"-'-vr"-1-" (A Blue network broadcast from Paris said Allied fighter -pilots reported Third army tanks were menacing Nuernberg, nearly 100 miles beyond the point where Lt. Gen. George S. Patton's forces were offi cially plaked. Nuernberg was the site of the annual Nazi patty con gress.) 'j - : : ! - . v. ' - : . j-' First Arniy Sweeps Ahead A powerful armored column of the First army swept another s 22 miles northeast from the ancient city of Limburg, which was entered in Monday's sensational splurge, and was reported within two miles of Wetzlar, some 30 miles almost due north of Frankfurt j Another tank force spilled -down a super military highway south- east from! Limburg to within a dozen miles of a junction with .Third army forces fighting in Frankfurt. Wetzler is approximately 235 air line miles from Berlin. "''' j , Lt Ghn. Courtney H. Hodges' roaring First army tank forces reg istered gains as high as 27 miles during the day, maintaining constant pressure pn the frantic and disorganized enemy. During Monday night Hodges' infantry first crossed a hastily-built bridge over the Lahr river at Iiimburg, and with the dawn his tanks began tearing along the superhighway toward Frankfurt f - -'' Surrender to Result When Allies Meet (By fee Associated Press) Gen. Eisenhower said today that unconditional surrender would be imposed upon the Germans when the Russians and western allies were linked in Germany. - Here were the approximate dis tances between the western allies and the Russians today: . '' British Second army About 325 miles (from east ot wesel to the First jWhite Russian front on the Oder; . : UJ5. Nihth army About S30 miles (from the Essen area to the First While Russian front on the Oder). VJS. Fst army : About 280 miles (from the area Just west of Wetzlar t4 the First Ukraine army front on the Neisse). ; U JS. t Third army About 245 miles (byi German account, from the Lohr area to the First Ukrainf army front on the Neisse). VS. Seventh army About 330 miles ' (from the Mannheim area to the Neisse front). Salem School District Budget Committee to Salem School district's budget committee named by school direc tors Tuescfay night, has been call ed, to meek next Tuesday . to con sider, the coming year's plans for expenditure. i-'Ct ji.-.-w- .1 ? Appointed on i-that committee are ' Frank 'Spears, Harry Scott, Mrs. Elmer Berg, W. L. Phillips and William En tress, while Har ley White and George Graben horst hav4 been named as alter nates. - - '-' a Directors voted to establish a policy thai! the district will pay the equivalent! of per pupil cost plus any state funds available under the handicapped child program to aid in the education of . spastic children. , Qose Over Fast Half Across Reich tank forces knifing 27 more across the Dill river where tho to rally for a stand 225 miles i what General Eisenhower de the Germans of the power to had been broken by the First Herborn and across the Dill to7 form a line there to repair 57 miles beyond the Rhine.! Second army broke completely World Court To Be Planned WASHINGTON, March 27-(JP) United Nations ' diplomats will meet in Washington April 9 to plan an international court. The state department announced today that invitations had gone out on behalf pt the same nations that are sponsoring the world se curity meeting in San Francisco on April 25. . j The Washington draft is to be presented at San Francisco, prob ably to be signed alongside a char ter for a world peace organization. 52-Year-Old Nazi Soldier Member of Hitler Youth '! - - . ". i " . .- WITH THE U. S. THIRD ARMY, March 27.-pp)-A German soldier captured in the Frankfurt suburbs ' today told' his captors he was 52 years old." I -;;. '-i;.-'-.' "What is a man your age doing in the army, asked Lt. CoL Ern set Mitchell of Arlington, Mass. -. With a weary grimace the pris oner replied, "I'm a member of the Hitler youth." , . j Tuesday , More than $100 a year could thus be provided toward the tul- tion of each child sent to a special school where not only is the physi cal condition into consideration in : classroom assignments but where special muscular training is also available, it was said. ' ' i - Directors authorized the school clerk to call for bids on the old grandstand on the high school ' field, its sale to be contingent up on arrangements for continued use of Sweetland : field until a new stadium can be constructed. ' The lumber in the old structure, would be particularly valuable now, lt was pointed cut . . . . . rW v