Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 21, 1944)
1 PAGE EIGHT I Willairaette : : Netvs . and Hessian Fly Is Wlieat Hazard T T! io Ctnlii' XU. A 111S iiaiC - r Tniiirv W Often injury iUOSl U1U A Occurs in Years -WJienjwui be' plentiful, v ' : v Hnrmr fntiiM Earlv 4 Spring monies rny The Hessian fly has been in Western Oregon for more than 45 years; 4 It is present in wheat fields every season, and serious injury to wheat has occurred in some localities in recent years. Such injury is most likely in years 1 with an early, spring. -. Barley, and rye also are attack ed by the Hessian' fly, but are sel dom seriously injured. Oats are free from this pest Wheat infested by the Hessian fly before jointing has occurred has characteristic stunted appear ance. The leaves are broader, less spreading and of a darker green. color than those of healthy plants. i Hessian fir, life-size X ' ... Small plants and ybunj tillers is has come from commercial nrfy be killed outright' before production, farm woodlands corn jointing. When jointed wheat prise an important source of for tems are attacked the injury is est products, the OSC officials less obvious- and consists ofi a P out- Farm woodlands in weakening of the stems at the cludin woodland pasture repre- point attacked by the maggots. Such weakened stems often fall, cr lodire before harvest Th. u aicrt Hir.t W nf oram win to insufficient nourishment of the kernels as the larvae inter fere with the supply of sap to the wheat heads. In severe infesta tions, this form of injury causes shriveled grain that i reduces its grade. ' " I ' Spring Wheat Hit i Fall-sown wheat, if seeded ear ly enough to get a good start be fore cold weather sets in, is us u.ijr v w "uc ii.. ' l j.. I injuieu oy uiw orwf spring ergence. Spring-sowed - wheat in western Oregon often becomes . C I" T : wise injured by a severe infesta- lion. aiso, wneai seeaea very iaie in the fall or in winter is sometimes J ... i j i. it. t severely, iniurpd inw the snrinir This late-planted wheat is xften Jn a very immature stage that is roost attractive to the Hessian fly 'Mll1 0 tiTSt spring em , Control .calls for the plowing of till stubble fields, and the stubble turiri as mnn s rnnscih1 aftr harvest. These stubble fields con lairt, in the flaxseeds" on the i fttraw, or as ''flaxseeds' or.xnag gots in the volunteer wheat that UU4U 1Uj "i"" inula, ittcucdiijr an we nessian flies that will later attack that rowed wheat. Flawing Delayed ' In many sections of : western ISfSv J"" ' V. t J mers that good plowing cannot be done untrt after several good x.ia. ik uiipmuuie, inere- ' iuir, iu piuw i ue siuoDie unaer before September when the fall .mergence of xiies ha, left it for Vf)luntlPr Whpat rlnco at Vianri This volunteer wheat however. 1S &.!f?t.ii:,Su"fl eld , iiiu iioux ww w oesiroyea Dy later plowing. It is important -that all of the stubble and volun- teer wheat should be well buried so as not to be raked out by later narrowing, a few flies can in- crease enormously 41 conditions are right: Where the straw was cut high it may be advisable to disk H prior to plowing. j . t , The Hessian flies on well - cov - ered stubble and volunteer wheat re unable to work out through the covering soil in the following - spring after the surface of the soil has been puddled by the win a terrains. . '.. . ' Fire to Great Haxard j Burning the stubbie before the fc'l emergence of Hessian files would not kill enough to warant - endangering .woodland and other property in the fire season. When clover has been seeded In the wheat and the stand is too good to plow up, L. P, Rockwood, entomologist at Oregon State col- lege, says litUe can be done to combat the Hessian fir. Such fields often have much volunteer wheat in them as well as all the unemerged Hessian flies of the previous wheat crop. They art the erlTiefnal aources of the flies that Injure neighboring wheat In the following spring. "Late fall w 1 n t e r . and 'tprlng-cowa wheat should be lo- V rated as far as possible from the bifested stubble and volunteer wheat In these young clover fields, Eeedtai clever with cats, or alone, would do away with this hazard. Fall wheat should not be towed until after the first week In Octo ber, according to nockwood, and U XL l VJJ JM.'."F "1'IM'!";.."...W-. Vieivs of Farmland Garden 5sg2gl Drop in Production ' While egg prodnetlon, now above. last year's levels, ' may'; be less for-September-December than year earlier' suPPueJI OI e particularly of the lower grades, Supplies of the better grades expected to waion,bl, small with retail prices at or near ceilings. Wholesale egg quotations d not mane weir usual August seasonal rise because of. increased supplies or sneu eggs comparea wun year. recora coia storage holdings of shell and frozen eggs, and .. decreased requirements of shell and frozen eggs for drying. Specialist for Forestry Has BeeiiNamed A new position of extension specialist in forestry, approved by the Oregon state board of higher education at its last meeting, has been filled with the appointment of D. D. Robinson, 1940 graduate in forestry at OSC, according to a joint announcement by William A. Schoenfeld, dean and director of agriculture, and Paul M. Dunn, dean of forestry. The appoint- Intent is effective October 1. Oregon's importance in the for estry field is indicated by the fact that this state has led all others since 1938 in the production of forest products. While most ' of sent more than 11 per cent of the fte 'rest area, and more than " VKV V1 U1C ittllu ""c The new extension forester will operate under and be supported th the federal cooperative extension service and the Clark- McNary forestry act First and major attention will be given to assisting farmers in marketing their timber products to best ad vantage, both as a means of ob taining maximum output for the war effort and to increase returns to farmers. As with other -ex- toneirtn nrniprtc tho ttrnrlr uHll Vw ' ' - " " conducted in the counties through i,htv- aeent ' The, new official will also work j closely with other forest agencies including the state department i of , . ,TO . . ., forestry, US forest service, soil nncorv'tfiAn capvia on1 icH on nA ,!f ho nsr f j viais say. TInV' fifiW-rkvf liaJ V.aiX-UVCr Gives Stockmen Margin of Safety Beef cattle in Oregon consume an average of one and one fourth tons of hay annually, while sheep consume an average of 285 pounds, stock specialist Actual amounts vary with win ter weather- condjons, age of an- imais ana otner. xactors, out tne figures represent the average Over a period of years as observed by - experiment .UUon and Ore gon stockmen. Most operators plan enough of to have a 25 to 50 per cent carry- over of hay( says Lindgren Dairy Heifers In Need I Of Constant Care For Maximum Results The period from approximate! v one year of age until two or three 1 months after calving is the easiest j and cheapest time in raising dairy heifers. It is a very important per J iod, however,-and should not be neglected. The heifer should be I kept In a thrifty, growing condi 1 tion and not be allowed to become 1 stunted or, on the other extreme, 1 to become too fat The well grown I out heifer can be bred to freshen j an earlier date than if stunted New, Earlr-MaiurineMelom Are Developed In Trials NearinglFinish in Clackamas County A canteloupe variety trial now ; nearing conclusion on the farm of f lt Fred fAienberger . of Clackamas has brought to light several new early maturing mel- on oi interest ootn to commer growers and home gardeners. aemonsoration, conducted in cooperation with County Agent J. H- insxeep, mciuaea new nortnern vaneUeg compared with those in on 1 nts Started In the freen- j about October 15 would be safer. rue iau , emergence ot : Hessian flies occurs after the first fall rains and .often continues until I well into October. Experiments show that the most fly-free date is. about October J5 at Forest Grove October Is also the best time to sow wheat for freedom from weeds and for optimum production. Ine Sunflowers Serve 6. L z1- ill rrr?. it x-i Sanflowers are rrown in sorkey pastures not so much for feed as for khade. The keed simply acts as an Inducement to get the birds into lhe shade. Shown here is a section of ? the Rhoten-Speerstra flock la the Roberts district.) (Story la adjoining column). h " - e . . 1. i f - , . JUn3lScJi.. Arm Playing personal maid to 50W turkeys may be a lot ef work but It is also a lot of fan, says Ry Michael as he trie te se lelt an lS-pounder. Ni Y. Market Is Best Outlet for Pears, Prunes - f New York-is still by fa-the leading market for Oregon's Dears and fresn prunes, out Dour ijos Angeles and Chicago hkve; passed it asijtn outlet for Oregon t apples. For the more perishable, fruits, Portand leads in taking cherry shipments, while San. Francisco is th chief single market if or the few Oregon peaches snipped out. Production oi fruit! ihipped in car lots is concentrated almost completely in ' southern Oregon and i Columbia basin ' districts These two regions supply 96, per cent I of the shipments with the Willamette valley and Snake riv er basin shipping; four per cent i'ears iea au iruiis .wixn nun. cars ishipped in .1943, or about 56 per dent of the' total. Apples were ifj A - ': vm - secona wiui iii cars, or per cent.1 Other fruits in order : of im portance ior snipuicjii riLuier vuau processing were: freslv prunes,: 783 cars-j fresh cherries, 319 dried prunes, 14; fresh peaches, 18; freshj apricots, 9 and mixed fruit 18 Lan;d Available But; Clearing Cost Ilish I Thousands of acres of logged -off land in Oregon may be bought for only a few dollars an acre. In somci of these areas, the soil may be ' fairly good, i but in all cases the labor required for clearing is large All , of this . land can be cleared, but it is practically im possible to make reasonable wages doing the clearing. -:pt .v,, f Buffalo paracnemis and B. are- narum toads to you and; me have! been brought from Argen tine by airplane to Florida to feed uponf insects that are injurious to sugai cane. Seventy of these were brought to this country. houses were a week or two! weeks earlier than those planted pi the field, with the exception of .. the Normkn Ross, which produced ripe melons on August 17 tnd came into full bearing on August 20 from Iboth greenhouse plants' and seedslplanted at the same time. . Plahts irom all varieties were set ii the field and planted from seed fn May 17 and 18 and hot caps were used to protect the young plants Clrom fincjement weather and insects. . : - Th Norman Ross, developed at the Indian Head experiment sta tion n Saskatchewan, is a j heav ily nftted melon cf medium size with fcrange flesh of fair quality. . Emerald Gem with .'range flesh,! and-Extra Early :KnIiht, a greenif-iiesned - melon, came in a week pater., The Emerald Gem is too soft for shipping but f ex cellent caver and apparently a OftEGON STATESMAN. Salem, 1 1- ir Double; Purpose , La (lino Clover I Stands Good For 4-8 Years Good! stands of Ladino clover on suitable land and properly hand ed should produce well for four to eight years, although it Is al most impossible to keep the stands from getting grassy as they get older. 4 -. J , As soon as the percentage of grass gets larger than that of clo ver it may be advisable to break up the sod and plant to other crops unless ithe quality and quantity of the remaining : combination is such that it can be profitably util- zed for forage. The luse' of Ladino clover In stead of white clover, in pasture mixtures on land reasonably well supplied with summer moisture, usually! results in increased am ounts of pasture. This is especial ly true in the coast districts or where 1 irrigation is practiced. Common white clover probably will be! more productive jon poor, dry soils because little forage can be expected from the Ladino plant under Much conditions, Cultivation to destroy weeds. and grass . is not 1 successful be cause of the heavy loss .of stems and plants due. to the shallow rooting system. Stands of Ladini Clover ojn sour soils frequently are stimulated by applications of one to two tons of lime per acre. Ma ny 1 good stands have been ob tained, however, without the use of limel because Ladino appears better suited to slightly acid soil conditions than some ' other clo vers. H Polk Comity 'r Winjiers to Exhibit In Portland Store Polk county's 4H Club members placing In ' the top three brackets at the iounty 4H club fair held August I? .will exhibit jthpir pro jects at! the state exhibit-October 9-13 at -Meier and Frank's, Port land. ;ij,-vi't-.--.V;.:--:-..--h. ., Home; ccomlcf, t orestr y", health land L gardening proj ects' will be) on display at the state exhibit Home economics . Judging con- tests Wl: 1 not be held because of the need to curtail transportation. Land lAIarket Price Show9 Big Jump .. , Present market prices . of land are much higher than in 1938. The bureau of agricultural economics index of land prices for Oregon was 43 per cent higher In March than inj 1938, Land , prices have been rising rapidly since March and for! June were 50 Der cent higher than in 1938. ' A mother at the age of six weeks ifc a record made by the meadowj mice. This Is not uncom mon with this little animal but she does claim it as I a record among Other mammals J good one for the home gardener, while Extra Early Knight shows promise iof an early melon. , The Golden Gopher melon de veloped 1st the University of Min nesota, began ripening about Sep tember 4 in Clackamas county. The Wazu or Hailstone is an other interestinf , variety which ripened ha September 1 from seed planted in the field. Tjrym a dis tance the Wazu resembles an over grown orange In shape and color. This variety Is thick meated and has excellent flavor. The Oregon Delicious, a selec tion of Spear, is apparently equal in qualify - and fully two weeks earlier ia this triaL. . Several of the old favorite va neties, -including Rocky Ford, Burrells 1 Gem, Hales Best and Hearts ?f Gold started ripening from' twt to three weeks later than the' other types mentioned. i - ; a . :. 4.- . a? - 1 1 Oregon, Thursday Morning, September 21. 1944 Turkeys Win Major Role at RhotehRarichA ' JProper Care Is No . Small Chore When , ' i5,000 Are Involved By LUUe L.;Madsea Farm and Garden Editor Being maid to' 5000?turkeys is no small chore, ia the opinion of Soy Michael, who is in' charge of one third of the birds owned joint ly by - George i Rhoten and Sam Speestra on the Mrs. E. A. Rhoten ranch in the Roberts district . - For six years turkeys played a mirjor part to registered Guern seys on the Rhoten ranch. ; : Two years ago this was changed and nof the . turkeys are the major crop, with 40 head of Herefordsin the jminor role. ". The warm September day on whch j called at the turkey farm, I fclund Mr; Michael cooling in the shade of one of the former 'dairy barps. His particular flock of 300 birds was : cooling in the shaije of sunflowers." Sunflowers Give Shade The Bunflowers proved one of my sfirst turkey theories blasted. Sunjflower seed for turkey feed was) my idea of the plantings. In stead, the main purpose of the sunflower fields is shade, Mr. Mi chaei says. The seed simply lures them into the shade. Trkv n" Ph( start out with, the hatching) pro- cessiin late March, April, May and l Jun. Each "batch of poults re mains in the brooder from six to eigh weeks. Whether or not turkeys reach maturity deoends chief! v M M savs! Mr. Michael. ' Ther ik n chance about it. Sanitation' rh on diseases and the correct am- unt! of vitamin. fnrm 4h.f w The I Rhotn-Knstr,, Tar4U,; has jts own feed mill and grinds a tniTtiiro nf slfalfa maal .rkaM mea, mfll run, wheaV oats and meat meal when the latter can be had. ' Watr Important Item Wter is an important item. Mr. Michael's little flock, on warmer days will drink 70 gallons jin a halfhour's time. The flow of .J'1 troughs Is automatically control led ho that the birds are . never I;' .I li-uT.V t8, cautfons Mr M.chaetAJwaystake holdi oljboth legs o the bird, or the birds may he injured. Once a L Jri U1 m ?. , ' a fnnii i compieie u: iu.; uijuieu, iu or weajt- ened bird simply has no chance Mje .mob mie of , the turkey VeW soon now. 750 hens'- will . I 1 ! . inz Kmicu . iui MjriiiK purposes, i S$' r mS iuiwac we uouftui, vir. micnaei m.L.ia i . .. . . . . i-wkh oia DU-as would now average around 18 pounds, in the fopinion of , their ; caretaker. Marketing u n d e r . government contract wiU begin about No- vemtier 10. Mr. Rhoten and Mr. Speeftra have their , own killing and packing plant in West Salem. Killnig capacity this year is 13,000. By the 1945 season, this is expect- cu u m up u j,uuy. , f v - j. Nuke people are . employed to care for, the 15,000 birds; now ma-i turinft on this former dairy farm, Byron Ward Is overseer of: the second flock, and Frank High- smitli of the third group. Only broabreasted bronze turkeys are growh here, and these 15.000 con- sumej approximately seven ton of feed h dav. - ' ? "Yes," aid Mr, MichaeL-. "even though you don't have to feed them individually, playing nurse maid to 5000 turkeys is no little Job, but I kind of like it" Utah and North Dakota . pur chase; most of their turkey hatch ing eggs, and laws in these two states; require that hatching eggs and poults must come from breeding-flocks which have been tested for pullorum disease. Ninety per cent bf Utah's hatching eggs are imported from other states. i "-Onj January 1, 1944, there were 671,000,000 turkeys and 4, 289,000 chickens in Oregon. The same will probably hold true around Janu ary 1. 1945, in the opinion of El. mer. jjPeterson, director of agri culture. Do not put lids tight milk cans if milk is to stand overnight The animal heat mikt have a chance to escape if the milk is to reman at its best. , : UPERI0R - j : . t v- , .tna see now-neipiess- yea wou!J be without veer tislcn. Renerattr YOU CANNOT BUY NEV : EYES ! 1 1 ifc.-e Le'-te 143 N. Liberty St. Beets Yield Big Seed rVolume v Inspectors front a Canadian sugar factory' looking ever sugar beet seed ... on the D. E. Neibergall ranch near Albany. ThU field yielded tlOO , pounds of seed per acre. The harvesting. - - ; , . 1 Sheep From Western Oregon Are Shipped to South America Australian sheep may . come to America to improve the Ameri can herds, but 60 head of Oregon, sheep are now on their- way to South America to see what they can do ioir that country. . i vi: The sheep, 50 registered Rom- ney yearEng breeding ewes, and RomAy stud rams, left Salem during the week. They had been Purchased by the government of XfS - Z" Johnson of San Angelo,. Tex and Ahrens. brothers of Turner, Ore. Johnson is one of ' the largest nm dealers in Texas, having his aucuoneermg ring ana saies yards at San Angelo. Wesley I Wooden of California was asked to make bes J lections for the shipment and Ed die Ahrens of . Turner, president of, the American Romney Breed- ers association, spent several day wi Waiden to select the ewes and rams, Henry Ahrens ac companied the , sheep as far as San Angelo. From there they will be shipped to Houston and be put aboard a ship at some port on the Gulf of Mexico en route to South Amer- the sheep will have travelled ap- ja proximately 2300 miles in nine The sheep consigned for this shipment j were from Romney flocks of Ahres Farms, Turner; c 1L Bishop, Newberg; : George MintCt Monmouth; Gath Brothers, (.Turner; Fred Gilbert, Shaw, and Lynn BarM Harrisburg glale Horticulture I nln : nn Viv IXWUl VU t - taV Pf at Changes rr..A t I " Hv..n. v.v,,vU. coiieee and federal horticulturist. Most of the orohafrf r nin in years or In vitality, totel yields are declining, and some sections like the Willamette valley in the case of apples have changed from an exporting to an importing basis. With demand for fruit as keen 1 as it is and with pricea where I they are, renewed interest in fruit i pruaucuon is oouna r- o come, Schuster thinks. We have - ahead of us, whether justified . or not, both increased planting of new orchards and attempts to bring back into regular production many oi tbe orchards which have been neglected, he says. Unfortunately, there is no prov- eneraV Vrgx9m for rejuven atmg orcnaras DnnriTC m rnftc I IIUIIIU III hUUW Ti.y's rtcerJ-ereekSNi 4) fe 9tttimmm4 Htel yee ttff tne mmximwm pn VKtiea tnvm yewr fleck. Fer better r4iltt. fe4 Tri-eileX-rre Egg Pre4iKee a eelataU. cefefeHy bilt,i keleecee retien. j KbMeBaB mL. iH? 'JMiliiicii! ; aii ci "Ars ferial ycur work lllndfclied i i . . k 4 k.. 3 is Thone 3458 , ; ar A i.. j r rteMcit i J seed stalks have Just been cut fori Soil Factors Need Consideration When . Purchase Planned Since soil is a fundamental fac tor in successful farming,, it is es pecially important in selecting a farm that the I soil be examined carefully. .Soils! vary, not; only in fertility but in their adaptation to different types of crops. The pro ductive capacity of the soil that is, the crop yield is determined by the depth of soil and the na ture of the subsoil, texture, drain age, supply and type of organic matter, " fertility or supply of available plant food, and soil re action (acidity)i; When one exam ines a farm and is considering its purchase, thes soil factors should be given special , consideration. Jersey Breeders -Attend Club Picnic At Voght Farm Forty Jersey breeders and fam ilies attended t$e September Jer sey Cattle club picnic held Sun day at the William Voght farm in the Rickey district. M. G. Gun derson of Silverton presided. " Plans were made for the page advertisement in the bull issue of the Jersey Bulletin to come out on October 20. Announcement also was made of the sale of 30 head Of Jerseys, to be held at the Floyd Bates farm on" October 3 J ; PLENTY OF HUMUS NEEDED Trying to bring up production on. worn-out strawberry Hoil is out,; Little benefit i&- noted from the J use of commercial fertilizer. The big thing is to get plenty' of humus into the soil before plant ing the strawberries. 7AnDS- n mm Grind your, own feed at home. Save gasoline and time. Use one ot Wards low priced hammermill and grain , busters such as Model O. 9 " feed opening;, with 12 reversible hammers for. long wear. Grinds up to 9500 lbs. ear corn, 4000 lbs. oats, 2500 lbs. alfalfa; per hour. Use 15 to 35 horsepower tractors. Priced Model feed opening, 16 reversible haramersi Grinds ap 3 to 4500 lbs. 3000 lbs. alfalfa per hour. 15 to 35 horsepower tractor, Priced right at : ' i. , Model H Heavy duty cutterhead hammermill, 10 V feed opening, crepe rubber feed apron, 20 hammers. reversible rpr long wear, linnds f roughage, wet or dry. Mir your -Aj own ieeo, save money, priced at - ward . Get mere cream from your milk. Zepharator,! 400-lb. sixe .. 600-lb. size.. .These two machines leave less than one teaspoonful of butterfit in 4 fillons of skimmed milk. 'Royal BluelsUnd Model 500-lb. sizei - A! - : : Royal Blue Table Model, 225-lb. sizeL... Wards Streamlined Oil Electric Separator, SCO-lb. size . CD.) --"2 U . .... 1S5 North Liberty Harvestmgof Peacliesearv End for 1944 ' ' 1 -.''T" "l" ' " ' '-'v.-j " ' . i-"..-;' '- ;' .r , ;- '..''..-:: Ai- - Imminent Spraying -: VUrged in Combatting -Damaging Bh'glits . .' - '. ' ' '.'' - A successful peach harvest i nearly completed and orchardists need to begin planning next year's disease control, program. " 2 Peach blight is one of the most, serious diseases withwhich peach growers have to contend. It blights the buds and causes "cankers on thef buds .and twigs " during , the fall and winter, and 'spots th fruft, twigs and leaves during the growing season. The fall and win ter infection is the"- most serious phase of this disease. Ben A. Newell, assistant county agent, advises an 8-8-100 Bor deaux applied at once. ; Several growers ;, already have gone through . their orchards . an4 sprayed each variety as they fin ished picking so that they would be sure to have the Bordeaux on before the" rains set in. j PolItG)unty Has New Aid In Food Work Polk, county has been assigned a new war food assistant by, the Oregon 3 State : college extension service to replace Miss Maxine Roberts, who resigned recently on account 'of 111 health. Miss Helen Taylor of j Bozeman, Mont,, 1 will fill the position in this county, W. C. Leth, Polk county agent, an nounced.' ' 2. ' "" ' f ' . ! . Miss Taylor is a graduate of Montana State college and she has taken graduate work at Oregon State college. Prior to coming to Oregon she ; taught home econo mics in Montana in , the Havre and Miles City high schools, ll j Incidentally, Miss Taylor's sis ter. Miss Janet Taylor, is the home demonstration: agent in Clackamas county. -' Miss Helen Taylor has had con siderable experience working with farm people and is especially well qualified for the irork to be done in this county, acording to Leth. She" also has - had 4H club ex perience as a 4H club member The government is placing war food assistants in many counties primarily to assist with war food preservation, and it ,s planned to conduct a program in Polk county that ' will be of the mst help possible to farm families and also those people in the - towns who may be interested, Leth; said. -. Mondays will be maintained as office days, by Miss Taylor,, in the Dallas tity haU. . ; ; The European corn borer" caus ed a loss of over $33,000,000 to the 1943' corn crop in northeastern . United States alone. oats, gfl C)ZZf Uses 3 Then 3194 WM :222:,':i22:-2 i ?n o)oo garallQHS. , : WE :.d00 f v-