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- V "N9 favor Sxoayt Us; NtfFear Shall Awtm
rrom First Stateanan. March 28. 1S51 '
I i
ii;
!
!
THE STATES JIAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
CHARLES A. SPRAGUZ, Editor and Publisher
1 ' Member 'of fee 'Associated Press yv'V:
The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all
news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this newspaper.
March to Berlin ; .
The Medlord Mail-Tribune goes back to the
record to prove that it. was General Pershing,
1 not Premier Clemenceau or Marshal Foch who
insisted on carrying the last war into Ger
many instead of acceding to an armistice short
.of the German borders. That is correct How
ever Clemenceau and Foch did demand in the
peace discussions guarantees of security from
Great Britain and the United States. The latter
refused such guarantees, rejecting the cove
nant of the league which might have given se
curity to France. In the years after the war
Great Britain failed to support France and pre-
vent German rearmament. '..'
However, we believe that the fundamental
.'of which the march-to-Berlin in 1918 is now
argued, namely that the Germans didn't taste
military defeat, is an overstrain of the facts.
It is in large degree Hitlerism propaganda, used
long after the war. The German army knew it
was licked. The German people knew the army
was licked; and they knew they were losing the
war. The German people knew because their
stomachs were empty which is the surest way
, for a population to learn of military defeat.
This theory that the-armistice was a mistake1
and was itself a breeder of world war II is too
speculative for proof. Allied soldiers occupied
; German territory for many months. The Ger
'man government was overthrown and the. Wei
mar republic set up, all of which were direct
proof to the German people of their military
defeat. If the battles had been carried to Ber
lin itself it is very doubtful if that would have"
prevented, Hitler from organizing the German
people" for, a new war, and even if we do the
- same this year, that will not guarantee that the
German people will keep the peace. They will
break out again if they think they have a chance
at conquering part or all of Europe. In other
words it will take more than a sound threshing
on German soil to prevent a third world war
by Germany.. -J- , , - r
i . i - - -
Mob Scene in Rome -
It was no mob scene from an Italian opera
that was observed in Rome Monday. It was a
real mob, driven by primitive impulses to wreak
its vengeance on a hated individual, Dr. Donate.
Carretta, who has been director oT jails in Rome.
Already on trial was the ex-chief of police in
Rome, Pietro" Caruso; but the mob at the insti
gation of two black-robed women seiged Car
detaa, beat him, drowned him in the Tiber and
hung hmvfeet first from a window in a city
jail. The episode is reminiscent of the fall of the
Bastille when the mob of Paris, on, that fateful
July 14th, 1789; stormed that fortress-jail and
tore it stone from stone in fury,f revenge
over the crimes it had housed. In Rome that fury
went against jailer rather than the jail, but the
inspiring cause was the same: vengeance for
persecutions by the former regime.
' While processes of law and order are gener
ally to be upheld, there remains a virtue in a
vigilante justice like this. It shows that a pop
ulace does have energy to strike when its yoke
is too galling. The trouble in Italy has been that
its people were too supine. They submitted to
all the oppression of the fascists, when, if they
had stiffened their resistance, they might have
saved themselves and saved Italy..
HanH Armistice j r '
Finland is to pay a bitter price for its mis
take in teaming up with Germany, but its prin
cipal guilt is that it Is a nation of small military
power sandwiched between great and conten
tious nations. It is true that Finland; joined the
Germans in 1941 in attacking Russia, but this
was only in hopes of retrieving the losses in
curred in Russia's unprovoked attack on" Fin
land in 1940. It is true too that Finland rejected
less onerous terms of armistice months ago, and
ignored the repeated warnings of the United
States against continuing its alliance with nazi
Germany, but still the penalties imposed seem
exceedingly harsh, and jjiot such as will permit
establishment of goodwill between Russia and
Finland for many years'; to come. :
Not all the 23 conditions in the armistice have
been revealed, but the actmg prime minister in
revealing the general terms of. the armistice
called the day on of the hardest days in pur
history." First, reparations of $300,000,000, the
... same as for Romania, re required to be paid
over a six-year term. Second, the 1940 border
line is reestablished inj southeast Finland. This
means the loss of Karelia and the city of Viipuri'
and the leading industrial section of Finland.
ThirdVRussia acquires he Petsamo area in the
. north, with its port opening oh the Atlantic and
its nickel mines. Russia also gains border ter
ritory in the vicinity I of Murmansk. Fourth,
Russia is given control pf all of Finland's com
munications abroad fori a two month term, and
control of airfields in southern Finland. Finally
the Finns are required o disarm nazi troops re
V'maining on their soiL 1"; y ' ; j
. The western powers -agreed to the terms on
'. Romania, but the United States, not having jdej-
clared war on Finland, )ias no direct say on the
'Finnish peace terms. But the' United States is
. concerned with reestablishment of relation in
Europe that will give promise of lasting peace.
It has therefore, a right and a duty to express
itself on terms with Finland and Romania. This
paper frankly believes he terms to Finland iin
duly severe, recalling s it does that Finland
waa an innocent victim of the wicked deal be
tween Hitler and Stalin in 1939.1The Atlantic
: charter, which carried Stalin's later ' endorse
ment, is badly bleached in this territorial ag
grandizement by Russia. We should announce
that fact now,? because: Romania and Finland
may be but a preview jjto Russia's demands' on
Germany. If so, the war again winds up in a
scramble for spoils which breeds another war.
i
(ADVANCE) WITH THE AEF
IN FRANCE, Sept. IMdelayed)
-(P)-Iike the case of the proud
parents recording
junior's ; growth '
and progress,
probably nobody
but us folks in
the; family .real
ize! that this
called "be-a eh
head ii"a month
-j old today.
J And just like
l Junior, It sure
i .i;tjkjk.iiiiLl has grown. -
In case, no
body's ridden up in a weapons .
carrier and reminded you lately,
this southern " France : invasion
passed "the point where it was
supposed .to be today according
to the original plan'way back
about J3plus-5, : ; , ' ; 1 a - :
In cue you want to Imaw
when Gen; Patch's; Seventh army
was supposed to get where it is :
now, all I can find out is that -they
brought maps along to cover
the first couple of months of the .
campaign and ran off all the
maps more than two weeks ago.
CRT
A Peaceable ' Animal, , But
In the senate Sen. Wherry, protesting against
deletion of provision in bill for disposal of war
surplus to apply proceeds to debt reduction, de
clared "Debt hangs over the head of every citi
ren in this country." Yes, indeed; as the child
ren say: "Heavy, heavy, hangs over your head." ;
Editorial Comment
rOST-WAR MIGRAINE TWINGE
- Already there are symptoms that one of the ma
jor national problems of post-war wUI be "popu
lation shifts." One of the most difficult parts of
this "population shift" problem is "race". There
was a "gov'ment man" called the other evening and
he left these figures on "Negro concentration" on
the Pacific coast to consider:
Negro population 1940 1944
Los Angeles 49,O00 , 150,000-
San Francisco 6,000 75,000
Portland . - 2,000 22,000
Seattle ; 3.000 30,000
Of these new Negro resident of the coast states,
83 per cent are now employed in shipyards or in
aircraft plants. The story is that most of them do
not want to go back to the south or to the bis in
dustrial centers of the- east whence they were
drawn. The question is: . ;. . . ,
"If they stay on this coast what work will
there be for them and bow will they be re
: ceived?" ' ' : ; - ' ' ..,t;' - ' '
The other day we sat with some labor leaders
Who were talking about this same problem:
. "So far there has been no discrimination in
, most of our. unions. The feeling has been very
good. But, if we get to the time when jobs are
scarce and you have a lot of men .white and
black . sitting around the hiring hall, what's
the feeling going to be in spite of . anything
you can say about tolerance and fair play.".
There lies on the desk a report by the leading
grange officers of the northwest and California 'on
"the Japanese-question." It demands deportation
'. ' to Japan after this war of every person of Japan
ese ancestry, regardless. -The only meliorating note
' is the suggestion that Japan shall be allowed to ex
clude our nationals on a similar basis. Considering
that many Japanese have been, citizens for years
and their sons have fought loyally on our side in
this war. It is pretty ' strong. But it is a statement
of how a large and important group feels.
It is going to take some level heads to meet some
of these problems' in the.' atmosphere of bitterness
which is left by evrey war. As we see if there are
two patterns of thought, equally dangerous the
sentimental intellectuals and "liberals" who want
to force an immediate mixing of races without re
gard to the explosive racial feelings which are an
ugly fact and the radicals on the other side who
preach "white supremacy without any regard to
American principles or human justice.
This problem is stated merely because it is time
to realize that the Pacific coast is no longer immune
from these problems which have long harassed
other parts of this country. There will be no quick
or easy answers,, but there must be firmness for
law: end order and the processes by which Amer-;
leans have always arrived at justice. Eugene
Ileslster-Guard. -
High School Hazing ; i J
Complaint is coming-in against high school
hazing of sophomores entering from junior high
school. This has reference not to the former
secret society practicej but to general hazing
of incoming students, Boys will ; be bojrs, we
know; but in a great fpublic high school his
sort of thing should not be allowed. Since many
of the episodes involve use of cars and gasoline
to transport their victims query might be di
rected toward the abuse of gasoline! allowances,
also. 1 j M :
There is an easy line to draw between whole
some fun and the horseplay that gets into bru
tality. In most college now a Class scrap1 or
pole-rush has been substituted for oldtime haz
ing, High schools ought not to inherit the evils
which the colleges at long last are discarding.,
Mrs. Ida B. Wise Srpith has announced her
retirement as president; of the national WCTU,
saying, "I believe that 111 years is long enough
for anyone to hold office." She couldn't have
been facing Washington when she -said it, could
she? The middle part Of her name might also
apply elsewhere, i
The Literary
Guidepost 1
' Byj JOHN SELBT
"INVASION!" by Chartet Christian . '
Wertenbaker (Appleton - Ceainry: '
. I '
We. have 'grown 'so , used to
journalistic enterprise in this
war that I some examples which
would hajye electrified the pro
fession inj 1918 are not even re
marked in 1944. Charles Chris
tian Werienbaker's "Invasion,"
which is a book containing ft
parcel of illustrations by Robert'
Capa, is. pne of. these, but it is
being remarked. . . . -. ' - J '
. It was $ kind of race. The sec
tion of the book dealing with
preliminary planning w a a of -course
done well in advance, andv
by mail But the parV ungfl6
,hwvi Mvt y&Aav '
News Behind the News
By PAUL MALLON ' -
(Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction In whole
4 or in part strictly prohibited.)
WASHINGTON, Sept 19
The sure springboards which
j General MacArthur's men ' are
seizing! now, from which to jump
into the Philippines, and the
simultaneous Quebec conference
which ;was
wreathed ' with
vktoryf smiles
has niade the
front pages
look ike we
can mike short
work of Japan.
c The j various
routine milita
ry planning an-
&ou ni cements
, u
. fauiMaiioa.
expectations
of
Inter
oretins
Waii
News
K2RKE Li SIMPSON
ASSOCIATED PRESS WAR ANALYST
The allied combined . round-air assault boring .
through the Brabant gateway to the flat northern
plain of Germany is taking on triple threat values.
It not only has poised i well developed flanking
move against the whole nazi Siegfried line and i di
rect menace to Berlin; but is evolving swiftly into
a vast new entrapment maneuver to catch the Ger- .
man garrison of coastal Holland in it clutch, f .
The latter is implied id field Marshal Bernard L.'
Montgomery's, calm suggestion to his forces that
there would be "no point in rushing straight away
to Berlin today "or thisSveek . V -:
"It you first defeat thf Germans or collect them
in as prisoners, he added, "you; will make the job
easier. ;i - -:i A J -f ;V " ' ;. j ,s.:;
, Nor can it be doubted that another 20-mile jump
northward from the Amhem crossing of the lower
Rhine, already in the rip of allied 1 sky troops,
would effectually seal off the nazi garrison in
northern Holland from1 escape except by sea, a des
perately hazardous business. , j
A dual highway "system leads northward from
Arnhem to Zwolle and the east shore of the Vast
Tussel sea via Apeldoorn tod Deventer. Capture
of Zwolle would cut off the last land escape routes
for German forces in th Netherlands coastal area
south of the entrance tofthe Ijusset sea except for
the long causeway spanning that entrance. jThe
causeway could be knocked out by air at any time.
. It follows that the allied push into the Nijmegen
' Arnhem gateway must already have set in motion
an enemy flight from aB northern Holland. ,)
It la a reasonable assumption that whatever re
sistance allied forces miy meet in driving north
' ward to cut enemy communications with coastal
' Holland, it will not include siege operations against
prepared : strongly fortified j positions. Whatever
northward extension' there may be on the Siegfried
line, it must be behind German borders, not ht the
northeast province of Holland. And it is there in
Holland that the road to Zwolle invites allied; en
; trapment maneuvering, i .H S i...- I
'- The Dutch coast, its ioff-shore islands and! the
mouths of its great estuaries and inland seas have
been heavily fortified since nazi occupation, The
allied move through the Brabant gateway, how-J
ever, bypasses both those coastal defense works
and the nazi flooded regions. It promises early seiz
use.of many well sheltered ports in Holland to
speed up the flow of reinforcements and; supplies
for the full scale invasion of Germany itself along
the shortest route to Berlin. --;,- - .
.4 :
- . i . i
cable or wireless and was handf'
led in much the same way that
wire story is handled on a news -
paper desk. : --r "r-
That is the difficulty of Mr,
Wertenbaker's clever ; stint His
book has; been . scooped by; the
news services and special corres
pondents J Nearly everything that
has happened since D-day Is
fresh in the mind of the public,
and because -Mr. Wertenbaker's
later chapters left Europe al
most at the same time the news
stories themselves left, he has
not been able to include much
. that the news stories lacked. Nor
' is there much sense of immedi
acy about the book,' because the
; accounts of the news services are
still perfectly fresh. I
But at least S Mr. Wertenba
ker's ; book gathers everything
(well, : almost everything) into
one consecutive story. He was
attached to Bradley's headquar-
' ters, and although he reached
the beach considerably later
than the first troops,, he remain
ed close o headquarters, and so
kept a more balanced picture of
the fighting before him than if
he had been dashing around on
the trail jof one particular com
mand, j r . -' t '
: Bradley two masterly sur
prise actions, the first to sever
the Cherbourg peninsula" and the .
second to r capture Cherbourg,
are wefully covered. And "In
vasion gives some sense that the
war is a continuing- affair rather
' than a succession of isolated
events,: since it shows how the
lessons of. Africa and Italy were
ally based on
another iy ear.
I A few paragraphs from Kun
ming telling of our withdrawal
from . the huge central China
front at Kweilin, due to inef
fective handling of the Chinese
troopsj shows the difficulties
Involved of - clearing a half
hemisphere of Japs.
Without making any pretense
of special information from the
Quebe! meeting, i it is evident
that this final victory involves
what the . military experts are
already calling "a strategic
jilghtmare." In general it looks
easy, . in detail it will be hard.
The jQuebec meeting itself de
veloped no news from ' admirals
land generals- who occupied the
700 hotel , rooms and i the : 130
' newsmen wrote nothing impor
tant ' i
' But an earlier war department
statement on plans for demob II-
ization laid out a program ob
viously ' designed to ' move vast
quantities of our troops from
- ICuropeJ and this country into
East Asia. This report indicated
rather! clearly that we intend
said they did not consider com
bining the operations of Mount
batten in Burma, MacArthur
toward the Philippines and Ni
mitz in the; central Pacific un
der a single head. " - .
Mountbatten's campaign has
not been satisfactory 1 to many
military observers, and much
talk of his differences in stra
tegic thinking with General
Stilwell has been heard. Que
bec, by avoiding action; seemed
to confirm his leadership.
' There are - some who think
Mountbatten should already
have rallied a sufficient British
force in India for a large scale
invasion of -southern China j and
Burma; saying this should ' pri
marily be a British undertaking
because they have the base from
which to launch and. supply it
Such a prospective compaign
might have been expected from
a change of commanders, but
nothing leaking from Quebec has
given it credence.
Now MacArthur is bent on
conquest of the Philippines,
which is a gigantic undertaking
in itself, but the Japanese of
ficials publicly are expecting on
their radio a direct, earlier in
vasion of Japan itself.
We think commonly of Mac
Arthur and Nimitz coming up
from the south to take Japan,
but there are several ways in, .
one from our Aleutian outposts
in the north or from Russia.
Speculations that Russia will
declare war on our side imme
diately after Germany has fallen
are gaining wide publicity. But
the Russians have only a guard
force facing - Manchukuo which
might not wish to undertake a
campaign in winter, v -.
Also the bulk of the red army
will be nearly a third of the way
around the globe in Germany at
to the; Job. of defeating Japan
ourselves and not rely heavily tte end of the European i war,
.a. i " - - - ' ...... - I,
immrauwij avauaoie, wen u
Russia' joined in,' w$ld only be
on aiming the Chinese.
One j negative ' step taken at
Quebe4 indicated also we are
not planning a single overwhelm
ing operation as in Europe.
Mssjn Roosevelt and Churchill
- - j
applied
France
to' the problems' of
Mr. apas pictures are excei-
lent inj quality, and rather unin
spired in subject matter. i
"THE YOUNG IDEAf By Mossier
Tcp's toreins en the charm for lit Cl friend asaLa!"
bases, air and naval, from which
we might operate. ,
. So the plain inner facts in
dicate we will have to do the
job ourselves. Churchill, with
characteristic factual humor, in
. sisted Britain would not be de
prived of the honor of killing
Japs. But he mentioned bis fleet
and air force before land troops.
The air force will be of great
est benefit because the fleet is
reputed: to be on a 1 to 5 ratio
with us, av decided departure
from the old 5-5 days In which
our popular thinking; is still
: grooved., !. ' - 1 ; i i
The known facts also seem to
say clearly we do not intend to
go chasing Japs all; over East
Asia. MacArthur's ' announced
next jump into the Philippines
(announced by Mr. Roosevelt)
will be short, but the steps from
there to the China bases, For
mosa and ' the southern Japan
islands will require another sep
arate operation and. should not
await the conclusion of the Phil
ippine seizyre.
We can go any place within,
- reach of our air force because
what is left of the Jap force is
subject to destruction by our u-
perior power. But the jumps
must be limited by our ability
to gatjher necessary : force and
supplies. ' - y
My guess, therefore, is (again
with knowledge) ' that we are
heading straight for Japan as
well as the Philippines and Bur
ma; that the reinforcements re-r
leased . from Europe will . take
. a couple of months to get. around
to Asia; that Russia cannot be
of much help before spring, but
particularly this the extinc-
tion cf the bulk cf the Jap army
strewn tiirouh northern, cent-
( Continued from Page 1)
failing to solve the depression,
prolonging it, , in fact, a charge
he repeated Tuesday night- -f-'
Again' he attacked the presi
dent for failing to prepare the
country for war-l-which .'shows
.the audacity of the -republican
candidate. ; ("
In Seattle he laid at the door
of the WhitHoujpe responsibil
ity for the most serious wartime
strikes the country has had.
His purpose is dearly to1 put
the president, on the defensive,
to "get him on jthe run., By
building on the mound of war
nourished ' grievances Dewey
hopes to attract votes of many
disaffected groups, Including la
bor itself, and then by punctur
ing the 'myth of the indispen
sable man to put the champ
"down for the count The stra
tegy is - politically smart; and
without doubt has the democra
tic high command guessing.' It
has the danger of Dewey's over
breaching himself, and it must be
admitted he has exposed himself
to serious coimtr-attack..
Brief though his stay in Port
land was, due to a series of train
wrecks, I believe Dewey created
a m o r e favorable impression
that he did in 1940. He gave
more evidence of personal -power,
which is only to be expected
from his opportunity for growth
in the intervening years. He is
by no means to be dismissed as
a man of mediocre talents.; On
the contrary his record as dis
trict attorney andi as governor
shows that he possesses real ex
ecutive ability, and' a compe
tence much -greater than has
been "possessed by many who
have been elevated to the pres
idency in the past ; ;
As far as the rank and file of
. republicans attending the Port
land republican gatherings ; are
concerned, what may be de
scribed as a restrained optimism
was manifest There was little
vainglorious boasting; on it he
other hand there was no spirit
of defeatism over the November
' prospects. Whiie there was not
the crowd nor the mass enthus
iasm that there was for Willkie
in 1940, It is recalled that Will
kie, while he drew the crowds
failed to win enough votes. Whe
ther Dewey's less dramatic ap
peal will actually ' result in more
favorable crosses on the ballots
, is the great November 7th raj'
tery. ' ; '.
Dewey'a appearance in Ore
gon has given his party the sight
of a' fighting candidate, and con
finned the view that ni strength
as a candidate wQl grow rather
than wane before
the election.
ral and southern China must
take at least a year from con
clusion of the European hostili
ties, even if Jap power is defin
itely broken earlier by occupa
tion of Japan.
Since then they have been flying j
new maps In.1,:?:'."-:'; Kvt-K-"LV
Correspondents " who figured '
they probably would spend the
fall, and maybe the winter, with
in sight of the Riviera long since
have visited Geneva,' Paris and
London, commuting ' - straight
across 'the country.-": ' 1 " -
For- everybody. It seems "as
though it has been six months in
stead of one. There have been
go many "firsts' they have be-,
come old stuff both from the per
sonal and news points of view.
There was the first time the
troops hit the : French beaches.
The first time a frightened Ger
man surrendered to the . first
Yank uniform he saw. The first
time we saw, the unbelievable
maquis go into action. .
. There was the 'first time w
got out in front of the . troops
(which later, became practically "
standard- operating procedure)
and the first time two enemy
Generals were Captured the same
day by the same outfit' 1
The first fighter planes to land
on the CeW beachhead a Mus
tang piloted by Navy lieutenant
Stanley JF. Fierstein of Houston,'
Ter, and a Thunderbolt piloted '
by Lt Howard W. Danks of Chi- - "
cago . . the first beachhead
newspaper ,"The 36th Division
News: First Yankee Rag on the
Riviera," edited by Lt Sumners
Wilson of New Rochelle, NY,
which printed on D-plus-3 when
- the beachhead already, had be- t
come an invasion. f - '
The first time a pretty French
: mademoiselle kissed the bearded ;
cheek of a soldier . ; ; We never ,
realized, the time would come '
' when it would be necessary to
; step on the gas going through
towns to keep from being mob
bed by the mademoiselles , . '
The first time we accepted prof
erred fruit and flowers and later,
how we had Jo duck to keepfrom
being kayoed by the same gifU
' from hands of eager welcomers.
Some firsts, were not so pretty
. . ; The first exhumation disclos- ,
ing tortures preceding the mur
ders of countless Frenchmen...
The first time a maquis bared
his whip-scarred back to furnish
unanswerable evidence. " j
- The first execution of Vichy
traitors... The first mob veri-
geance visited upon those 'who
never reached trial. The first
night of ..prowling v darkened
streets with maquis ferreting out
of their hiding places ; former
members" of the Vichy militia S
The first sight of cringing, simp
ering, mercy-begging human be
ings cut down by a stuttering
S ten gun. None of these first are
nice memories," regardless of
- whether or not they were just
Now it's all mixed up, these
garbled memories of one mad
month that seemed like six .as
we tried to Kelp cover a half
dozen different fronts simultan
eously. The most Important
thought ! at the moment is that
this is the first time we ever
. wore the same pair of unwashed
olive drab ' pants for a' solid
month. . . ' . . i '
After all. When we left Rome
we all said: The first time toe?
beachhead , bogs down well re
turn and get some clean clothes.
. -j
Hi-Y Chapters
Plan Activities
Officers and advisors of Salem's
three Hi-Y chapters met at the
YMCA last night to open officially
the 1944-43 Hi-Y campaign, draw
ing up basic plans for future ac
tivities and electing two new of
ficers. ' j ypi: pTrl'iP''
Salem High School Principal H.
B. Johnson was elected co-ordina- r
tor of the three chapters, a job
held last year by Harold Davis of
the YMCA staff. The group also
named Pete Hoar as publicity di
rector. Each club will pick its own
advisors during the -first regular
session next Wednesday;" v 1 "
The first major project to be
sponsored by the united ' dubs, it'
was decided at last night's meet
ing, will be the printing and dis
tribution of football programs at
Salem high's home grid contests,
beginning with the October 20 fra- J
cas opposite Oregon City, r :
a-( tfrif ?'j?jvl'aiachv'i
&kn"4SS XZSenthroned in a loand- -3
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