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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 2, 1943)
K rn ..Lin - 1 A ' .'".''-:-V" . -I j : 1 i H ' I PsOn--;n:-n;.iif.':.tf- rus mm o n . . I a MM i 1 j LJ mat R0Mi(i PeUNOHD (SLtDDD Z J (5 DSS'ICGS I -'. ' : ! . - - : . . I ll ' ' 'I i ' fnr wd mm A l n n u . . The army engineers have ambi tious plans for the development of northwest, river systems. CoL Ralph A. Tudor, , district chief of engineers at Portland, told a gath ering iii Lewiston, Idaho recent Jythat comprehensive surveys of the" Columbia river and its tribu- tarie is under way which will takefive years to complete. As the army engineers made quite a thorough study during the Hoover administration and made recom- , mendations for, a series of dams, Col. Tudor must be making a much more extended survey. He is quoted as saying ,,rWe are look ing ahead 100 years in our plan ning visualizing not only the ul timate development but the im mediate future of this area." . t He said further: ' v ; "We are laying ' plans for 850 miles of inland navigation. Two "Willamette river dams will be built and three more are projected. As soon as congress gives the word we are ready to go ahead on the Umatilla dam, which, studies in dicate, will be 340 feet instead of 310 feet above sea level. We ad vocate also 10 lower Snake river dams, four for immediate con struction to bring ocean boats to lewiston.' ; All this is exceedingly interest ing to northwest residents. While planning for a century seems like peering far into the future, we are safe to make plans on that scale in handling the great rivers serv ing this area. The use, of the Co lumbia and Willamette and other rivers for Irrigation, for power, for navigation needs to be on large-scale planning; and the fu ture that seems to open before the, northwest warrants thinking and pla nning in large terms, For the Willamette barge trans portation should be an early post war .realitThis'.will help estab lish Salem and other valley cities industrially and help in the mar keting of agricultural products. I hope the alumina plant locates along the river and that its man agers press for river navigation. That appears essential to reduce plant operating costs so it can compete with bauxite as a source jTor alumina. i The ? engineers however., wUl have' to learn how to handle their dams on the Willamette, and to notify persons downstream if surges are coming because of op ening of gates. There has been complaint as far as Salem of a recent sudden rise due to opening f Fern Hill ; reservoir. Those however are simple operating problems easily solved with ex perience. It will take time and lots of money to bring into full utiliza tion our river systems. Develop ment will continue over the years. There is no need to sprinkle star- ' dust in our eyes in looking at the future. By sane and steady pro gress we can use the resources we have for man's good now and in the future. The people of the val ley are pleased that Col. .Tudor - seems to have caught the vision f Col. (now Major General) Rob bins for development of the Co lumbia and Willamette river ba- Chinese Free Hunan Towns Bv SPENCER MOOS A CHUNGKING. Dec 1-UFV-Chin- u trooDa drove Che Japanese out of Changteh today and tonight the high command announced. In ad dition. the occupation of six towns and the routing- of two Japanese divisions amid mounting reports of widespread Chinese successes in Hunan, Hupeh and Honan provinces. - The Japanese had forced their way into Changteh, which Is the gateway to China's vital "rice bowl' region, i on Monday, and there has been bloody : hand-to-hand street fighting for control of the city. The Chinese charged the Invaders resorted to poison gas to gain entrance to Changteh. SHOPPING 1 DAYS UFT- UX KOBti.- REMEMBER ,W MFiy TAEtE ctr . one wc 7WU LAST YEAft- r i v NINETY THIRD YEAH US; Keeps Air Blitz Full Blast Heavy Bombers, Marauders Rock Hitler's Europe ; By ROBERT N. STURDEVANT LONDON, Thursday, Dec. 2 (P)-L a r g e formations of US heavy bombers with their fight er escorts overcame stiff Ger man fighter opposition to attack the Rhineland industrial city of Solingen yesterday as US Mar auders blasted German control led airfields in northern France and Belgium, it was announced early today. Other allied craft attacked a German aircraft works at Albert in France, targets in . Holland and enemy shipping off the Brest pen insula. A total of 42 allied planes were missing from the operations, including American Flying Fort resses and liberators, one light bomber and 14 fighters. The al lied forces accounted for 33 Ger man planes in aerial combat while two others were believed destroy ed on the ground. It was the second attack- In two days for Solingen, site ef Europe's largest light metal, foundry.. Ia the first, attack this Rhineland city of 150,000 persons Tuesday the., Americans lost only two bombers. Returning pilots who fought their way to the target through icy, cloud-spattered skies, report ed fighter , combats were almost continuous over enemy territory. The Germans sent up some of their new Messerschmitt-4 10 fighter bombers among other as sorted types of German single and twin-engined fighters, and at tempted to break up the bomber formations with rocket gun at tacks. I ' The Americans In smashing nee more at targets in the na ils big western Industrial basin were carrying' the weight ef the Britain-based aerial attack on Germany, following ,jip their bombing ft the big pert of Bre men Monday and the Important arms center of Soligen Tuesday. i The RAF bomber command, ga thering strength for the next hea t (Turn to Page 2 Story B) Ration Costs Cut on Beef 9 Other Foods l WASHINGTON, Dec, 1-(JP) s Steak and roast beef can come to the family table more often be ginning Sunday ration costs of all beef i were cut one to three points a pound today by the of fice of price admilhstration. In the other ration changes, OPA sharply reduced point costs of many canned vegetables and made canned grapefruit, orange and sauerkraut juice point free. 4 On the other side, point costs of cheeses and ; canned fish were raised. American - cheese advanc ed from; 8 to 10 points a pound and all canned fish except oysters from 12 to 18 points. Oysters go down one point to four a pound. All the ; changes are effective Sunday. Reductions in pork ration costs, ' , previously had been an nounced ; ' , OPA said beef ration costs are being 'reduced because retail stores r win have 1,300,000,000 pounds of meat to sell in De cember compared with about 1, 000,000,000 pounds in November. Porterhouse steak drops froml2 to 9 points, top round from 13 to 10, 10-inch rib roast from 9 to 6, and rump roast from 8 to 5. The cut on hambuger is one point, from 7 to 6. - ' ; i Release of additional stocks by the war I food administration en abled OPA to reduce point costs on some canned foods. It slashed the cost of green or waxed beans (no. 2 can) from 8 to 5 points, carrots from 8 to 5, spinach from 19 to 12, and baked beans from 14 to 10. . . - - Butter, still scarce, continVies at 16 points a pound and oleomar garine at six points. rs Sanr Wreckage Bodies of dead Japanese litter the Jap-seised archipelago tn the Sooth Pacific, en the seaward march Trnk in the adjacent Marshall. US marines landed against terrific fire en the barren strand and by sheer fighting took possession, killing an estimated four or five thousand Japs. Japanese troops are shown lying where they fell under the withering blast of marine flame throwers. (International.) Tarawa FigKt Costs Marines Thousand Dead WASHINGTON, Dec. l-(JP Tarawa, the bloodiest fight In all the marine corps' proud , history, cost the American victors, 1028 dead and 2557 wounded. - Reporting the heavy toll in tak- QUANTICO. Va., Dee. 1-JP) IX Gen. A. A. Yandergrift. the marine corps next commandant, today rated last week's land ings en Tarawa as equal to any ther in the corps record for leadership and heroism. "There has never been in the history of the corps, or I vea tare to say in any other force, a better led or more heroically -executed operation than that just completed." he told a class ef officers graduating at this mar ine base. ing the two-mile long atoll and cracking Japan's central Pacific defenses, the navy said tonight that casualties totalled 3772 in the three Gilbert island operations. Sixty-five were killed and 121 wounded at Makin and one killed and two wounded at Abemama. Japanese losses were estimated at 5700 by navy officials at Hon olulu. ; (By comparison with the Gilbert islands toil. American casualties in the landing of Salerno. Italy, last September and the . first six days of fighting thereafter totalled 3497. The war department an nouncement of the total did not break it down by killed, wounded and missing. Presumablv. far larger numbers of troops were In volved in the Salerno operation.) The navy made public the to tal without comment. Secretary of the Navy Knox had warned be forehand, however, that the losses m the 76 hours it took to capture Tarawa were severe. Oregon May Soon 34,500-Barrel By RALPH C. CURTIS Intensity and duration of the hangover 34,500 barrels of whis key might cause when absorbed distillery and all, may be deter mined by the state of Oregon as a gratis experiment for the fur ther edification of that eastern in stitute which is making similar tests with human test ; tubes on a more modest scale. :t-;v-? - In so far as the Oregon con stitution and the liability of State Treasurer Leslie Scott, in case he cashes : a warrant "for something over I $3,000,000 ' to purchase that gigantic J igger of bourbon, the issue was cleared Wednesday When Attorney General I. H. Van Winkle supplied a written opin ion confirming one given : orally at an earlier date. . The deal whereby the Oregon liquor control commission propos es to buy, In company : with the Washington commission' - It is- Salem, Oregon, Thursday Momina. December 2. 1943 of Marines9 Bloodiest Fight landscape en Jnngleless Tarawa Indications in Pacific Point to War's Bloodiest Campaign Longest Front 5 VJ&md- FLEET I- iAJilAlTi3Te. MdrVAM; indli cations here today pointed to a beginning soon of perhaps the bloodiest campaign of the Pacific war on the longest war-front in the world. This war-front is the seemingly endless Pacific from the Kuriles to the Solomons. Gory Tarawa island in the Gilberts was Quick Action Asked Rural v Taxpayers ....If ..rural taxpayers really are planning to seek a writ of manda mus to require the Marion county court to collect taxes due from Sa lem city water system properties in any other than that now con templated, . attorneys of county, city and - state tax commission want them to hasten their action. With this bit of advice. District Attorney Miller B. Hayden, City Attorney Lawrence N. Brown and Assistant Attorney General James G. Smith, who handles much of the state tax commission's legal work, this week called upon Her man Lafky. Declaring himself representative of interested rural taxpayers, Laf ky had earlier announced that he proposed to take such action should the county court "persist in its plan to waive interest and accept principal of the tax due in set tlement of the tax lien against the publicly-owned properties. 3. The court will persist, unless court of law should decree other wise. County Judge Grant Murphy (Turn to Page 2 Story I) . over n't wise to drink alone two dis tilleries and 69,000 barrels of whiskey," is valid under the Ore-, gon constitution because the state would not actually be interested In" the capital stock of the dis tillery' corporations, the opinion declares. The physical assets of the distilleries are to be sold to Henry E. Collin and the corpora tions dissolved. So much for that. The admin istrator and one , member of the liquor control commission are in St. Louis investigating other as pects of ; the J. deal. Presumably they are accompanied by compe tent legal' counsel. Did anyone in the audience ever dissolve a cor poration? ; ; ; - ; " It dissolving a corporation- has some of the aspects of mur der, though it ia not a "crime; for a corporation as everyone knows has no soul." Otherwise it is in (Turn to Page 2 Story C) Hans island in the Gilbert group, first to the great enemy naval base at just an overture to a campaign which likely will be one of the war's: longest. The Japanese have sent some of the,ir finest -army and navy troops, apparently with orders to stay un til killed, on literally hundreds of islands which form concentric rings of defenses for their val uable conquests in the Philippines, Indies and elsewhere. Around the perimeter of these rings is gathered the greatest na val concentration in history plus hundreds of thousands of allied troops - all awaiting attack or ders which may come any min ute. . ;;f . . ' Several factors differentiate the coming campaign from those in Europe - or previously in the Pacific. . The American naval high com mand already has demonstrated at Tarawa that it ws committed to a policy of attacking Japanese island positions with overwhelm ing force.. This involves pounding by land-based bombers where feas ible, as," for example, in the Gil bertafand Marshalls, plus trej mendous concentration with dive bombing and naval gunfire . at tacks such as at Tarawa. In the recent bombardment of Betio island, more explosives probably were ..- dropped t on . its square-mil of area than on any territory of similar size thus far in this war. . This intense pounding from guns and planes means tremen dous expenditures of ammunition and naturally forces . the Ameri cans to concentrate, and there-; fore . risk large war fleets, both aerial and surface. Observers agree that this al most certainly, means some losses of men and material before the actual start of. each battle. How ever, it is the only answer to Jap anese emplacements and fortifi cations which have been construc ted in the last 20 months. These enemy fortifications are composed" of everything from steel to cocoanut logs, making each Japanese - held island a bristling - fortress ; which -simply wont react to lighter treatment. On Tarawa the American bom bardment apparently had tremen dous effect on the nerve-wracked, xnla&ifm-fihacked defenders as well as on the defenses them selves. ';--'rv7iM-v .?- B Maj. Gen. Holland McTv Smith of the marine corps said yesterday that if the Japanese had not been to demoralized " by gunfire' and (Turn to Page 2 Story II) ' No, 214 Big Drive On Rome Foreseen - British Smash Forward Using " 'Air Support By NOLAND NORGAARD , . ALLIED HEADQUARTERS ALGIERS, Dec. 1 -(- Under the heaviest tactical air support of the entire Italian campaign, the British eighth army smash ed through German defenses beyond fallen Sangro Ridge to day while American troops of the fifth army fought forward three miles in the central sector, possibly heralding the start of an "all out allied drive on Rome. At every point the Germans fought with desperation- to stem the attack. Despite the demoraliz ing onslaught by hundreds of al lied fighters, fighter-bombers and bombers, the enemy troops clung to their positions until they were killed or captured in bloody hand- to-hand fighting. An allied com munique described nazi losses as "very heavy." "The Germans are offering very fierce resistance .for every inch of ground," a military commenta tor said. He predicted they would make violent efforts to retake Sangro Ridge, the powerful east ern anchor, of their winter line 4 from which Gen. Sir Bernard I Montgomery's British, Indian and New Zealand infantry drove them yesterday after 48 hours of heavy, continuous fighting. Already the eighth army had beaten off several determined nazi - (Turn to Page 2 Story E) Elmer Davis Protests Cairo News Leak WASHINGTON, Dec. l-()-Di-rector Elmer Davis of the office of war information was reported tonight to have sent ja note of pro test to Brendan Bracken, British minister of information, over the premature publication by Reuters, British news agency, yesterday of the Cairo meeting of United Na tions leaders. This disclosure followed an earlier statement by Davis that he would "do everything feasible to protect the American press from being scooped on inter-allied news while holding to this country's censorship code Asked specifically what he planned to do, Davis would not elaborate, but the fact that a stiff protest had been for warded came out later from oth er sources. ? Davis pointed out that the story had been distributed to American newspapers to be held in strictest secrecy until 7 30 pjn. today.V: " Davis spurned an explanatory statement issued by Reuters to day, which said that , its dispatch resulted from "spontaneous jours nalistic enterprise" at Lisbon, Por (Turn to Page 2 Story F) ' Cairo Pact Stirs London : LONDON, Dec 1 -iPh- The Cairo declaration of unshakable determination to smash Japan and strip her of her stolen empire was warmly welcomed in the em bassies and legations of London tonight arid particularly by the representatives of countries with Interests in the Pacific. ' . Norwegians. Czechs, .Poles and other non-colonial nations, how ever, unofficially confessed greater- Interest in any possible further meeting involving European ques tions, j- r- ' i-1 : unofficial British comment re flected a certain : disappointment that there was no announcement concerning a . meeting of Prime Minister . Churchill, .Prei ident Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin, wide ly rumored from foreign sources. - . There also was . some ' British disappointment evident that there was no specific mention of the status of Hong Kong. - Price 5c 7-M vv;n-.t va !h: ip ! " ii - ' I- Big 3 to Meet In Iran for By JOHN fJ CAIRO, Dec. :1 (AP) President 1 Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchfll and President shek have held an historic five-day eon; bound their nations in an agreement to beat Jajpan into unconditional surrender and to strip her of all her im perialistic gains of the last century and pave left for unannounced destinations. '- l ;"!,- .. " . j (In Washington it was assumed that an even more' important meeting particularly on the European phas es of the war, would be held with Premier Joseph Sta lin of Russia. Reuters dispatches from Lisbon. Portu-. gal, said the three had left essmen Hail 3-Power WASHINGTON, Dec. M5) Members of congress, hailed the three-power Cairo agreement to night as guaranteeing an integrat ed offensive that will crush Ja pan, strip her of 'her conquests and relegate her to a minor role in the new world. i ' Senator Hill of Alabama, the democratic whip, summed up this viewpoint' with the assertion that the Cairo declaration "means com plete defeat of Japan in the war and the1 absolute determination that she shall not be in a position again to bring the scourge of war upon innocent people. ' 'Although the announcement was applauded by democrats and re publicans alike, there was dis agreement as to how far President Chiang Kai-shek of China had gone in Settling some of the vex ing problems of the orient. For instance,. Chairman Rey nolds (D-NC) of the senate mili tary affairs committee said he interpreted the tripartite state ment as meaning that the Brit ish had agreed that Hong Kong weald be retained to China, that the allies were renoune ins claims to extra-territorial rights In China and that the - East Indies weald be freed ml Dutch administration. . "We may have to take some of . (Turn to Page 2 Story G) Churchill, FDR Meet for 8th Time in War WASHINGTON, Dec, 1 -) President Roosevelt aad Prime minister . CharchUl r km act seven times previously daring ' the war, six ' times since the United States entered. They eenf erred fear times la Washiagtoa, enee each in Que-; . bee, Casablanea and Nerth At lantic, Times and places: - September 1. 1945, at Wash lnais, : f Uowtng r the r Qaebee meeting, with CharchUl retarn faUT te London September It. Angnst 1S-24. 1943. at Qmebee, after some preliminary talks at disclosed place In New Terk state. Charehill arrived at Qae bee Angnst 19, May 11-27. 1143. at Washing. Um. Jaanary 14. 14, 1S43, at Casa blanca. Both flew to Nerth Af rica. .W-v- Jane It, 194Z. at Washington. Charehill flew here f or week' conference. : ' December 22, 1941, te January 14, 1942, at Washlncton. Prime minister . crossed Atlantic . on battleship and flew home. ' ' Angnst 9. 1341, off Newfound land coast, the Atlantic charter 'meeting. - Wealher ' .Wednesday mtxlmim temperature 54, minlmnm 45. Precipitation .05. Kiver -LJ ft. Partly clondy Thars day and Friday, with Inter mittent rani northwest por tion; little temperate re change, Vongr I !l : I Stalin i I i- i 4 -.. Is Bigge CHESTEIl for Tejberan, capital of Iran, there to meet Stalin in the biggest kuiukq iuuoiis i conierence oi me war. I ,A V leasts .sail (Berlin broadcasts . s a i d the conference already was! underway in ; Teheran-fon the Russian sup- i ply corridor where British-Amer- I ican-Russian. war-time coo per a- I tion has had its most conspicuous i succesp.)!!; B..V i : j 1 in an extraordinary atmospnere 1 of secrecy; and i precaution, the I three Readers of he United States, I Britain and Chjina,! representing j more than l,odo,000,000 people, counting i all thope of the BritiEh, Empire, met f orjj five days f rowt Nov.-22 j through Nov! 26-whilf j surrounded by jte highest galaxi of military, supply and political advisers, and departed at Iea. three given .j" A days ibefojre he news i was to the public, communique issaed at the declared jlbejf had agreed close upon tions a plan efj military opera- I against Japan which would' "bjlnr unrelenting pressure against their brvtal enemies by I; sea, land and :ajjr." " , j .' Declaring their purpose to drive I uapan oacK mio per : name isianas, the three. powe-s outlined this specific four-point program: j 1. Japan mnsjl disgorge all the Islands she has jsetzed in the Pa cific since the pecinnitna of the First World war in 1914 (from which she i rained, from Ger ! many, the Marshall, Caroline and i Mariana j archipelagoes in which she. planted bases for her attack on the United States), j , ! , 2. Manehiuiaij Formosa, the Pescadores : (thj 21 Islands lying between Formosa and the Chi nese mainland)! aad jail ether territories : taken from China, 'mast be restored to her. j 2. Korea Is to be made free a n d Independent " I dae .eorse.T ; 1 v j -'. 4. j Japan' mast be expelled from!-"all tberjlterrltorles which she has! taken by violence and greed.' j (This jwonld cover all the lands she has Pearl Harbor, the seised since Philippines, Wake and Gaam; British Hong- keng, Malaya, Bnrma and Islands of the raeiflc;! the Netherlands East ladies aad also French Ia- do-Chlna. : i! ' i J ' i . f The above bluieprint! for breaks ing up .the Japanese empire and liberating Its conquered peoples in effect would divest Japan of the; territorial loot won byj aggression1 or trickery In fie wars from the Sino-Japanese war of 1894 to tha present coninct surprise attack 1 and her rapid south Pacific, j climaxed by her on j Pearl Harbor ; conquests- in the i f Jaoan s riossessi ionsj v would be reduced j from jj s o m e', . 3,000,000 square miles and 500,000,00 peo- pie to a little more than 148.0001 square miles and a Japanese pop- : ulation of 75,009.000. r ! I I (Thus, the three chief confer- ees apparently had,' agreed oa a program; which did not specifically J include Sahkalih island, half of i which Japan acquired from Rus- sia in the Treaty of Portsmouth in' 1904.' Presumably jthis was be- cause Russia was not represented; at the conference and is not now? at war with Japan.) The conferences were held in a strictly guarded! atone which re strictions even ji yei will jermit only to be described . as in North Africa, i (In Washington it was presumed that Ithe i meeting took place in Cairo jj or f nearby, since the news cameli under; that date line, and ; the i 'principal partici pants visited the sphinx and pyra mids which are in the vicinity.) ! That the decisions reached were no matter of pmere long-range (Turn to Page 2r-Skry A) r I al ft-1 i. I s I Ir t t I I' ' 1 t Mi i 1 I