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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 26, 1943)
For Tomorrow Invest ntre thin tea percent ef your earnings b War Savings Bonds today and create a ready means for the needs of tomorrow. Dimout Tuesday onset .07 PJa. Wednesday sunrise S:39 a. m. ; Weather: Son. max. temp. 27, mi a. 5. Mon. river. 0.4 ft Weather data restrict ed by army request. PCUNDD? 4651 it NINETY-SECOND YEAR Salem, Oregon. Tuesday Mossing, Jcmuary 23, 1943 Price 5c No. 224 m& 0 Mi! PIW Stor: WfiTrrii rior ft Up Again Sunday Snow Here 5 Inches; Death toll PORTLAND, Jan. 25-P) Portland schools were ordered closed again Tuesday as new storm warnings went up Mon day night in the Portland area and along the coast. The weather bureau issued an emergency forecast for Port land 'predicting intermittent snow mixed with rain, temperature near freezing. Storm warnings were posted along the coast from Marshfield to Tatoosh island. Portland schools had reopened Monday after a three-day shut down because of cold and heavy snowfall last week. Trolley service was interrupted here as sleet fell in early evening. Meanwhile the storm death toll increased to nine James L. McNamara, 57, : chrysanthemum grower, and World war I veteran, died of a heart attack while shoveling snow from his greenhouse roof here. George L. Hoffman, 26, died in a Portland hospital from a fractured back suffered in a fall on Icy steps. At Eugene, 8-year-old Jack JE. McCulloch drowned attempt ing to rescue his dog, which had broken through ice on a pond. John Laubach, 83, Milwaukie, died of exposure after being found un- sconscious on his cabin floor. Highway conditions were im proved in" some sections of the state,, but slides blocked the Co lumbia river highway near Cor bet and the Wapinitia cut off near Gresham. The Evergreen high way on the Washington side of the Columbia was closed by a slide near Prindle. " Five inches of snov Sunday night, recorded and reported by ' the US weather bureau at the Salem airport, increased thick ness of the white blanket to 17.8 Inches. Twice shrunken several Inches by almost snowless days, the coverlet caused little incon venience Monday in Salem. Householders had wrapped exposed-pipes after weekend experi ences with frozen . lines; snow plows and graders were operated with greater ease over once scraped roadways and school bus operators and pupils knew where transportation could be offered and where it would be considered dangerous. Radio announcements promised by Supt Frank B. Bennet for 7 and 7:30 this morning over KSLM are to provide information as to school operations and school bus service. All city schools we're open Monday, with approximate ly a 60 per cent attendance. In lowland schools, where floods had already caused considerable loss of time, uninterrupted classes were attempted. Still "snowed in" were numer ous rural "dwellers, living off the .main-traveled highways.' Every available piece of county road equipment worked throughout Sunday and Monday in an attempt to clear as much as possible of the county's 1100 miles of road. SEATTLE, Jan. 25-A-A wildly skidding city trolley careened out of control on a Seattle hill Monday, Injuring two women passengers and ahaking up half a dosen others as a fresh snowfall added to the city's transportation problem. One of the injured women had to be taken to a hospital. The trolley snapped off a tree before stopping on a vacant lot at the bottom of the steep 24th avenue lull into the Montlake district. Ex pert maneuvering by the driver, W. M. Dean, averted a threatened crash with 'a bus coming up the bill. Shipyards and the Boeing Air craft plants, which closed last week for . power failures and transportation-crippling snow, re ported more than 85 per cent of their workers were on the job Monday. . 14 Dead in Crash. Of Plane in Peru LIMA, Peru, Jan 25--Four-teen passengers and crewmen, in cluding ' four , Americans, -were killed in the crash of a Pan Ameri-can-Grace airliner last Friday, the National Telegraph said Monday night. The sole survivor found in the wrecked transport ship near Chap para, about 350 miles south of here, was a 26-year-old British diplo mat, John Alfred Howard. He was Injured, the report said. The oth ers had burned to death. I ; Mercury Here NearLoicest i - Salem's f degree minimum temperature .Sunday morning tied for the second lowest mark reached In the past 29 years, ac cording to -the TJS weather bureau at the airport, It was the coldest for more than 11 years. Saturday had t degrees. ? The mercury reading, between 4 and 5 am, equaled the mini mum recorded for three succes sive days, December 19, 11 and 12, 1932. Records, available back only to 1923, showed a minus 5 de grees on January 21, 1939, and no minimum i readings between that mark and 5 above. - Yet Unsolved Negro Cook Queried In Los Angeles ; " Stories Vary PORTLAND, Ore., Jan. 25-( ) The Southern Pacific's West Coast limited, scene of the movie-like slaying of a young navy bride in lower 13, carried the mystery into southern California Monday. While Oregon authorities held two men as material witnesses in the death of handsome, 21-year-old Mrs. Martha Virginia Brinson James, member of a prominent Norfolk, Va., family, Los Angeles detectives questioned the train's second cook. He was Robert Folkes, 21, negro, who told officers he boarded the train at Portland last Friday night a few hours before Mrs. James, wife of Na val Ensign Richard E. James, screamed and tumbled from her berth, blood spurting . from a slashed throat. Folkes said he took a few drinks and went to bed. His alarm was set for 3:15 a.m., but it failed to work and he did not awaken un til 4 o'clock, a short time before Mrs. James' death was discovered as the limited passed through Tan gent, m IJrm icountyv 4 1. ' Folkes, Los " Angeles police re ported, said he started through the car i in . which Mrs. James was sleeping and saw a man in dark clothes climbing out of her berth. The Los Angeles officers said, however, that the cook's statement conflicted with the stories of oth er passengers and in Klamath (Turn to Page 2 E) Shooting Kills . 2 in Portland5 Police Puzzle PORTLAND, Jan. 25-P-Po-lice Monday night said they were baffled as to a motive in the slay ing of a 26-year-old wife of! an overseas army sergeant and a 155-year-old shipyard machinist here Monday. Johan Edward Wallin and Mrs. Irene Cahill, wife of Sgt. Jphn E. Cahill, died about four hours after being found, unconscious from bullet wounds in the hall way of the rooming house where Mrs. Cahill resided. Police Detective Clyde Sanders said Mrs. Cahill, employe of a boat building plant, was clad only in a nightgown and had two bul let wounds in her abdomen and one in her head. Wallin was shot once in the head. A 2.2 calibre automatic lay be tween the victims, he said, and two broken vases gave evidence of a struggle. A shipyard worker in an up stairs room told Sanders he heard scuffling below and later identi fied Wallin as a man who had visited Mrs. Cahill several times. A school teacher in a downstairs apartment said she heard Mrs. Cahill call twice for the landlady, who was not in. Police were summoned by a neighbor woman whose two sons, shoveling snow in the driveway between the two houses, told her they saw a man enter the rooming house and then heard shots. Building U-Boat Carriers LONDON, Jan. 25-(AVReliable informants said Monday night that Germany was building a fleet of the world's largest submarines as cargo carriers in an effort to es tablish shipping contact with Jap an and obtain raw materials from the far east. The first six, displacing 2500 tons, will , be completed within a few months, these sources who may not be identified by name said. p j , : 4x:i v:- K r' -:;vj :' ,The U-boats were said to be of similar . design to the - famous Deutschland which crossed the At lantic to the United States in 1916 with a cargo of dyes. Slaying 1X7' 1 i anKfs Stril At? 'Fox? 4 Retreat Threatened; . 8th Army Pushes; Airmen Active By LEWIS HAWKINS LONDON, Jan. 25-P-A raid by American troops to within striking distance of Marshal Rommel's line of retreat along the Gulf ' of Gabe t in Tunisia and sharp progress of the Fighting French columns seek ing to hit his flank were dis closed Monday. Meanwhile the bulk: of his army poured Into Tunisia for a possible rendezvous with the forces of General Von Arnim. Allied headquarters In north Africa announced American troops had thrust Inte the . town ef Maknassy, capturing 80 axis prisoners in an area only S3 miles short of , the Golf ef Gabes, and Bri. Gen. Jacques Le Clerc's headquarters report ed the Fighting French were now operatins; west of Tripoli and had only 50 miles more to go to reach the Mediterranean. Rommel's retreat J from Libya, meanwhile, had taken most of his forces some 60 miles within Tu nisia. Field dispatches reported that all his Italians and the great er part of his German corps were behind the Mareth line in south ern Tunisia, and a 'critical phase was approaching in ; the allied ef fort to cut him down or serious ly weaken him short of any junc ture with Von Arnim. On the heels of Rommel, Gen. Sir Bernard L. Montgomery's British Eighth army moved stead ily westward, hoping to close fur ther the vise formed by this force and the British First army and its American and French allies far to the northwest near Tunis. There was nothing to indicate that the American action at Mak nassy was more than a raid in force and US military sourceshere warned against expecting an early full-scale blow toj the Rommel flank. But the possibilities were nevertheless clear, j Maknassy, incidentally, was hit after the Germans had dropped a note: "Why don't the Americans come out and fight?" Von Arnim's effort to throw up a mountain barrier between the main allied forces and the coast had run into serious difficulties, allied headquarters j declaring that the German advance in the Ous seltia valley had been stopped with heavy losses, j In the Mediterranean, the cam paign of attrition sharpened, the admiralty reporting that British submarines had sunk five more axis vessels. ' j British headqaarters at Cairo announced allied air attacks en enemy shipping tryinc- to slip from Znara harbor west ef Tripoli; on axis air fields 60 miles within Tunisia; on enemy transport strong eat westward from the Libyan; frontier; on two enemy ships torpedoed and set afire off Sicily, and en Sicily Itself. ; j - From , allied headquarters in north Africa heavy; attacks on Bi zerte, on Sousse harbor, on an axis air field near Medenine about 60 miles within j Tunisia, and on enemy transport columns were reported. 1 An allied spokesman declared that 25 to 30 axis planes were be lieved to have j been destroyed aground in the Medenine attack. Wilkins Pilot Found Alive ; '' i i ' :. ' HALIFAX, NS, Jan. 25 Flight Lt Al i Cheesman, who flew with Sir Hubert Wilkins in the Antarctic in; 1930, was found alive and unharmed Monday just south of Sandwich island, Labra dor, after crashing; three days ago. Cheesman is Canada's foremost bush pilot in the wilds of the Ca nadian north. How. Cheesman and his two i flight companions came to be rescued from the ice and snow prison on the edge of the Arctic was not announced. Cheesman had been flying with a Coastal Mtml tmit which hnarfa of sinking more submarines than any other similar squadron. i - ' - , - Berlin Radio Quiet i "I v ; .r - LONDON, Jan. 1 25 VP- The Deutschlander in Berlin went off the air Monday night after ad vising listeners to tune In the sta tion ' at Breslau, Germany; , (This might indicate that air raids were anticipated.) , ! Taking a Lesson From Indians yijj..Mi.il'.iii.iiiJ. ju j,m np.n wimiu i n ..wri7"r" "m " n n. u.q muujjjii.ijjmy i l-u i i.-jjiw qui innwniiui--infrmr irrr ifi'mi "i'mi inn iiTriinr,--i'--- y.-.. By carrying their youngsters en tnelr backs as American Indians car ried their papooses, these threej mothers of! the Washmston suburb ef Arlington Va have solved the problem of taking the baby sheppms despite shortage ef tires, sasoline'and baby carriages. Off to market, left to rifbt, go Mrs. Wilbur Cohen .carry in son Chris, months; Mrs. Jacob Karre, icarrying son! David, 10 months, and Mrs. Philip Arnow, carrymg daughter Amy, 9 months Associated Press Telemai. ; i Surplus Tax Proposals Given Study; Teachers Tell Objective By RALPH CURTIS Though conceding the constructive nature of amendments to the voter-enacted law distributing surplus income tax funds to school districts, proposed by the Oregon State Teachers as sociation, members of the legislature's taxation committees as serted Monday , that it was their responsibility to make certain the voters' objectives in approving the measure were put Into execution. j This law and the proposed amendments were the first mat ters considered as the house tax ation and revenue committee opened a series of daily meetings scheduled with a view to devis ing an integrated tax program to be presented to the legislature. Tuesday afternoon there will be a general discussion of the income LEGISLATIVE CALENDAR 3rd readings today: In House: HB.66, 80, 81, 82, 115, 117, 118. SB 1, 9. 1 In Senate: SB 46, 47, 48. SJM L tax, with arguments for and against rate reductions; but no fi nal decision is likely at least un til after Gov. Earl Snell's propos al to build up a surplus as a post war cushion has been discussed at Thursday's session. The topic Wednesday will be the corpora tion income tax. For the present the meetings are scheduled f to open immediately following after noon adjournment of the house! of representatives. - (Turn to Page 2 A) , Portland Bo Asks Repeal Of Milk Law j PORTLAND, Ore, Jan. 25 The milk consumers committee' of Portland asked the state legisla ture Monday to revise or repeal the milk control law. f The committee, an independent organization headed by Jessie JM. Short, in a letter made public here urged legislators "at the very least to revise the law to permit price , fixing only , to producers.' The letter, said of senate bill No. 6 which would transfer duties of the milk board to the state de partment of" agriculture, "simply transferring its administrationj to another appointee would give the public insufficient assurance i of remedy of inherent and potential defects." .. The letter continued, "if the milk control is not repealed: in its entirety we request that it; be altered to stress representation; of the public in its administration. This is much more essential than that members be appointed from districts of the state. Consumer interests are general rather than sectional. , . Our study has led us to the conclusion that although fixing of prices to milk producers because of their alleged inability to protect themselves has in the past had some economic Justifi cation, that powerfal producer groups In Oregon have abused the privileges granted - them by the public t " Distribution War) Strategy Agreed For Allies LONDON, Jan. 25.-(-The United Nations were reported Monday night in diplomatic cir cles to have agreed on a formula for' some ;kind of a supreme coun cil to direct and unify efforts to win the war in 1943. Britishj United States, Russian and Chinese officials remained silent on j the grand strategy talks known to have been under way, but it is no secret that some ex tremely important announcement affecting the allied conduct of the war is imminent. It Is ncj secret either that a uni fication of strategy has been high on; (the allied agenda for months, nor that as.-part this unity, great attention is being given to the problem of coordinating allied armies in North "Africa under single command. The British Eighth army com manded by Gen. Sir Bernard L. Montgomery under supervision of Gen. Siri- Harold Alexander, the middle east commander, is near ing a junction with the British First' army, the US Fifth army and the French, all under the di rection of Lt Gen. Dwight D. Ei senhower, the American, , K . t Recent speculation has centered on Gen. George C Marshall, US army chief of staff, as command er-in-chief of allied forces in the Europeaii theatre. Walter Farr cabled . to the Daily Mail that "keen observers' in Washington predicted the Marshall appoint ment. He also said that Vice Adm. Sir Percy Noble, head of the Brit ish admiralty delegation in Wash ington, might be placed in charge ot a united campaign agatnst submarines. ? 2 Generala Cited For ; Gallantry 1 ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, Jan. 25-(JP)- Two American generals- were cited for gallantry; in action : Monday by Gen. Douglas MacArthur: entitling them to wear the silver star dec oration, j . : ' ; ... i They Were: Maj. Gen. Edwin FJ Hardingi of Franklin, Ohio, and Brig.? Gen, Spencer B. Akin of Greenville, Miss. .. . ' , I Gen. Harding was cited for gal lantry November 16 near Harokl, New Guinea, f'" '( Gen. Akin, chief signal officer on GenJ MacArthur's - staff, was honored for gallantry December 23 near Buna, New Guinea. . . Raticiminig of Heat Ordeireil: fa'Sbrlt Maj Bjegiim. Februiary 1 RedsTakeAll Of Voronezh; Stalin Lauds Troops Ordered 'Hurl Invaders Out of Boundaries' , By The AasocUted Tress LONDON, Tuesday, Jan. 26 6TV-The red army rolling west ward on a 500-mile front j has expelled all the Germans from Voronezh, .;, upper Don citadel, and reached a point 401 miles from Tikhoretsk, key1 Caucasian rail junction below Rostov, Moscow: reported Tuesday, j and Premier Joseph Stalin has ; order ed his troops to hurl back the in vaders "over the boundaries ; of our motherland." j "j '-j . Stalin's order of the day broadcast by Moscow and j re corded here by the soviet; radio monitor quoted him as Saying more than 200,099 axis captives have been taken In. two months, 102 enemy divisions , routed, and 13,009 gnus and ? other equipment seised In an advance ef 245 miles. I '. ' ' j" : "The offensive of j our I troops continues," he said In thanking the red troops and asking them to throw the Germans put of Russia. A special communique heard here Monday night announced the complete , occupation of Voronezh, which the .Germans j had seized partly In their ; summer drive. Eleven thousand moke prisoners were, reported taken ! to make the total for that front 75,000.? I The midnight communique told of the capture in the Caucasus of Belaya Glina, a 12-mile advance since Sunday. It put the Russians only 40 miles from! Tikhoretsk, where the Stalingrad-NovOrossisk and Rostov-Baku railways meet. MOSCOW. Jan. 25-AP)- The Russians announced 1 an i over night advance of IS to 24 miles In the Caveasns enveloping sev eral dosen villases Monday j and declared the Red Army had emerged on the plains of south ern Rostov province 95; miles from that key city, "j Other troops standing 56 miles east of Rostov on the lower Don were reported massing along the Sal river with forces from the north for a drive on Rostov! from the northwest. Red 1 positions in the north were only 70 miles from Rostov and within ten miles of the important industrial center of Voroshilovgrad in the Donets ba sin. i-i ! ! I" Between the Red forces in southern Rostov province and the city there were no natural obsta cles to impede their advance.1; They threatened the rail junction of Tik horetsk from 50 miles up the Sta lingrad railway. i I ! . , (The Germans announced , that they had evacuated jthe "bridge (Turn to Pagei 2 C) i NW Forests ! SEATTLE, Jan. 25.--A US forest service I executive Monday held out the prospect of; making rubber, tires from the products of Pacific northwest forests.! j - C. L. Forsling, assistant chief of the service, said in (an interview the experiment is one of the many under way at the forest service laboratory at Madison, Wis. "One of the most Recent experi ments deals with making a; sugar from waste wood from mills and waste liquor from pulp mills," he explained. "The sugar would be turned to alcohols which would be used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber. We're closer to that than a lot: of people! think." : Forsling; who, came from Wash ington, DC, for a northwest lum ber industry conference, said fthe laboratory had expanded its per sonnel from r?Q to more tnan 900 since the war began. . Crash mils lO TOPEKA, Jan. 25-(ff)-,Ten men were killed and two others para chuted to safety when a j heavy bomber from the Topeka army air field crashed Sunday night: in the Mescalaro Indian reservation hear Rui.Dosa, NM, the commanding officer of the Toneka field an- Inounced Monday ni4it." Announcement On Scliedulell . By Tb Associated Press ; : . - - . ..... j . (..;,.. An important announce m e n t is' expected to i be made public at 7 p. Pa cific war time, tonight (Tuesday). ;' - , . ' ' No indication of its' na ture can be given at pres ent. --: i'- j ;,;:. French Fight - Nazis Order Razing Of Area 5 State of; Siege Declared LONDON, Tuesday, 1 Jan. 26 vf)-Vichy authorities! proclaimed a state of siege in Marseille Tues day, the Vichy radio announced, as revolting Frenchmen barrica ded themselves in their homes in the old port district to fight off German troops bent oh. evacuat ing the entire area. :.; j: -j- ; ; Nobody was permitted to enter the buildings being evacuated, the announcement said, and anyone disobeying orders or-; attempting to shoot will be sentenced to death. - ,: . ..; -.; Members of the service D'Ordre have been instructed to use! fire arms against . all who disregard orders. -.f--;.. ; f-".j f. - The revolt in restless, France broke out after - German occu pation ' authorities and j their puppet Vichy retime headed by Pierre' Laval ordered the evae - (Turn to Page I Fortress Raid Blasts Ships At Jap Base ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, Tuesday, l, Jan. 26 JP) A strong force ! of Flying Fortresses spent more- than two hours over the big Japanese base of Rabaul on New Britain island around midnight Sunday and went as low as 200 feet to j plant its hits on one ship probably loaded with munitions and blast a large hole in the side of another. The first vessel exploded. Anti-aircraft fire and search lights were intense as the big bombers came in low to assault the oft-bombed base where 20,000 tons of shipping was reported de stroyed last weekend. Other ' allied - bombers : made smaller raids on Finschhhafen and the New Guinea ports of Lae and Salamaua. The Japanese, for their part, confined I their raid schedule to light night! attacks on Port Moresby and Milne Bay, New Guinea. ; CANBERRA, Australia, Jan. 25 (Fy Army Minister Francis Forde said Monday he expected the Jap anese . to counterattack in New Guinea despite the destruction of their pocket army -of 15,000 men in Papua. ;:- .'?.;' -, He appealed for a greater air forte, more men and equipment to enable the allies to launch fur ther offensives from the Austral ian base. f ! , Stanley Netz Dies iii Crash ALAMOGORDA, NM, Jan. 25 (A-Eleven men from the Alamo- gordo air base were ! killed late Sunday ' when a , B-24 - bomber crashed in the Albino wastes of white sands national monument several miles west of! the base. Lt Wray G. Zelt, the base pub lic relations officer, said . the bomber was on a routine training flight. A board of Officers has been appointed to Investigate the cause of the accident.' -; . . ; " Those ' listed as dead included: Second Lt Stanley D. Netz,"Salem, Ore... 7-.r.:', ''v:i:;. ,k.,::: :;. ; . Son of Mr. and Mrs. Gustav H. Netz ol' route five,! i Salem, Lt Netz ' is survived -a 1 s o by his widow, 1140 Spruce avenue, Sa lem, two small sons and a sister, Miss Delores Netz of Salem. , Prior to entering the air corps, Netz was floonnan at the Capital JoumaL ; ' l; ?. ing Oil HiwestL,' 25 per Cent Cut Required, War Service ... .'('..--. " . ". HP . T .. iiauBjiuu ausuxxicient Says OPA; Signup Dates Not Set WASHINGTON, Jan. 25-8) Rationing of heating oil In the Pacific northwest was ordered ; Monday by the petroleum ad- , ministrator for war in a move designed to reduce domestic' consumption in the states of Washington and Oregon by ap- proximately 25 per cent A spokesman for the office of? price administration, which will administer the rationing, said ha believed it could get under way by February 1, for OPA has been preparing for the possibility oi rationing in the two states for th past three months. Exigencies of war require this action, the petroleum administra tion said, adding that inventories are declining and that steps must ks wacu tu ijuarxrve supplies. "Not only is it impossible to meet the current demand with the transportation facilities now available on the Pacific coast" said Deputy Petroleum Admin istrator Ralph K. Davies, "but . the prospect ef some of these facilities beta required for war serviea la twr lltrnr dictates as a prudent course 4 , least a mild restriction upon the . consumption of heating The petroleum administration. tlon of these restrictions will re- suit in some discomfort to those who heat with oil in Oregon and Washington. But it has no alter native but to so act to conserve supplies when it is satisfied that to do otherwise might easily jeopardize military operations of the future." An official statement said: "The Pacific northwest is nor mally dependent almost entirely upon tank ships for the transpor tation of petroleum from Cali fornia sources. In this respect it is in almost the Identical position of the Atlantic coast states. Along the Atlantic seaboard and in th middle western states, heating oil consumption is already restricted in amounts equivalent to the re striction now being introduced in Washington and Oregon. "It was pointed out by the pe troleum administration that the basic difficulty consists in th shortage of tank ships by reason of their removal to war service and that this applies both to the Atlantic coast and the Pacific. It was noted that so far the Pacific coast had for certain military rea sons enjoyed the advantage of having relatively more tank ships than had the Atlantic, but that this transportation facility was readily interchangeable between the two coasts, and that in the fu ture there would likely be greater equalization." Ten of the 12 printed forms necessary to start the rationing program already are In the hands of OPA officials in Wash ington and Oregon and the eth er two will arrive shortly, OPA said. OPA workers already have been trained en the scene In the complex rationing machin- ' ery. The 25 per cent cut ordered foi the northwestern states compare! with an initial one-third cut is the east Whether this meant that a home temperature higher than the east's' basic 65 degrees wai contemplated was not learned im mediately. I In general, the system of ra tioning will be the same as that installed in . the 30 . eastern and midwestern states, with some 'simplifications which have been learned by experience." The same stamps will be used, however, and the forms will be almost identical. The OPA spokesman admitted that "both industry and publla opinion In Oregon and Washing ton were very much opposed to fuel oil rationing," but declared that all the government agencies concerned were convinced of the immediate necessity for the ac tion. , v A registration of fuel oil deal era probably will be started February 1 and continued for two or more days. Consumers will register some time later ia the month. Although eacl (Turn to Pags 2 D)