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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 1, 1942)
Cutting Timo August Is the month for ' propagating throbs by cut tings, says Lillie , L. Had. , - sen, . Statesman garden ex y pert, i Read her eolnnn,' Timely ' Garden Talks, In ' Sunday's Statesman ' for ln (tractions. - Save lo Vih Metals In . one washing,, and Ironing machine may be ; enough to make 21 f oar pound v Incendiary ' bombs. Save scrap metals for Unci ; Sam. , POUN 1631 IZEIETY-SECOND YEAB Salem, Oregon. Saturday Morning, August 1. 1342 Price 5c. No. 100 elow seniles 10)000 Tie Scots Go Into Action Germans tion Deepen" 41 M so - J-- B .B ;n i Allied EreDa ai Flea A. s FDR's Order On Saboteur . Trial Upheld By RICHARD L. TURNER WASHINGTON, Ju I y 31 (AP) The supreme court briskly refused Friday to let the alleged nazi saboteurs es cape 4 military judgment by taking refuge in the civil courts and in the civil liber ties established for this na tion's loyal citizens. : In a swiftly moving, four minute session it upheld the legality of President Roosevelt's order that they be tried by a mili tary commission. And, asserting that their detention by the army 'was lawful, it refused to free them by issuing a writ of habeas corpus. The court did, however, assert its authority to pass upon this application over the case, an ac tion which many interpreted as the court's way of saying that war or no war the protection of the courts is still open to all who may rightfully claim a haven in them. i The sum total result of the ruling was, of course, that the military commission Is free to proceed with its trial of the men. and that unless reversed - by the - president himself, , the sentence which the commission : imposes will stand. The prison- ers are without further avennes I of appeal. 1 - Even before the court met, however, the commission had re sumed its sessions. It heard the prosecution and , the -defense be gin their final arguments. Obvi ously, the case was moving swift ly toward its conclusion With the announcement of its decision, the court ended a brief and spectacular special term, called for the purpose of passing upon the case of the alleged sab-; oteurs, a term which brought its members hurrying to Washington from several distant points. Two days were spent in pre senting arguments, which, . strip ped of their legal patois boiled down to Sf' !?Jsiifl cum uin.vii3uiuuuiia.iijr 111 nuiu lishing the military commission to try the men: and that all citizens. including enemies and aliens, are entitled to the protection of the .courts.' . An assertion by the govern ment that the proceedings have been fully Justified by the con stitution and the laws of war; and that enemies have no standing in civil courts. At noon Friday the court was ready with its decision, although the preparation and publication of a written opinion, a time con suming process, was left , until later. , The black-robed justices enr . tered and were seated to the tra ditional "oyez' patter of the court crier Chief Justice Stone looked out over a half-filled court room, leaned upon his elbows and began reading a brief announcement of the decision.' The court holds (!) That the charges preferred - by the petitions on which they are being tried by military com mission appointedVby the order of the president of July 2, 1942, al lege. an offense which the presi dent Is authorized to order tried before a military commission. "(2) That the military commls ion was lawfully constituted. "(3) That petitioners are held In lawful custody, for trial be . fere the military commission ...and have not shown cause for being discharged by writ of ha beas corpus. "The motions for leave to file fc. ; . aa " ; pus are denied. 1 Stone added that Associate Jus - itm Mnrnhv who a member tut h nmfd fnrrp considered him - self disqualified to sit in the case, , took no part in the proceedings. Then be announced that the spe cial term was adjourned. Both Attorney General Biddle, who had argued the case for the ffovemment, and Colonel : Ken . neth Rovall, who was assigned to . . .i j - serve as counsel xor we PORTLAND, July 31F)-The were present for the brief session democratic state central commit Biddle expressed satisfaction that wffl hold its biennial organk the president's exercises , of hUi t5ff v saturdav. ; wartime powers had been upheld. ' Thursday's 7eatlicr Thursday's max. temp, 71, wlii. 53. River Thursday -1.1. By army request, weather fore- ' easts are withheld ana iempei- Excites Imm in en t North Convoy Route, Japan Threat To Siberia Decisive; American General as Top9 Said Okehed , v By ROBERT BUNNELLE -i LONDON, July 31 -(JPh Mounting British .and American offensive preparations coupled with continuing strategy confer ences 'caused observers to believe Friday night that a decision has been reached to. aid the impatient Russian allies with as quick and positive action in western Europe as their combined resources will permit. Nelson Okchs Kaiser Plans Action Promised if Military Craft Not Delayed WASHINGTON, July 3 MAP) War Production Chief Donald M. Nelson virtually promised Friday to give Henry J. Kaiser the "go signal" to build a fleet of giant cargo and trctop carrying planes in his west coast shipyards if en gines and other materials can be spared from the present military aircraft program. Declaring that the war produc tion board has been "keenly aware for some time of the necessity for more and bigger cargo planes," Nelson said in a statement that he wa. "much interested" in Kaiser's offer to build a fleet of 5000 huge aircraft on ways now being used to construct ships. i If It develops, the WPB chairman said, "that the engines, and other components needed for these planes can be built with out disrupting the present mili tary aircraft program, which is our No. 1 war essential, he will get plenty of action." Nelson's statement followed an announcement made earlier by (Turn to Page 2, Col. 1) Four Killed in Air Crashes Officers Slain in New Jersey and California NEWARK, N J, July 31-JP)-An army basic training plane spitting blue flames crashed to earth here Friday night, killing a lieutenant colonel and a major. The force of the crash was so great that the major's body was buried fifteen feet underground and was not found until nearly two hours later. Maj. Olier Holden of the first I air force public relations office at Mitchell field. NY. said the victims were Lieut. Col, George R.' Smith, autogiro and meteorol ogy expert, and Maj. J. J. Siman dil, who was not known at Mil chell field. The plane, flying from Boiling field, outside of Washington,, to Mitchell field, had been plowing through a storm. Colonel Smith, stationed at Mil chell rieid, was piloting the ship, which struck in a parking lot alongside the Weston Electrical Instrument plant in busy Freling huysen avenue, which connects Newark and Elizabeth. SALINAS, Calif., July 31 H) Second Lieut Myers L. McCrory, i Santa Ana, Calif., and Technical Sgt John L, Coan, Des Moines, Iowa, both from the Salinas air - f V .... . VilTtttft Wi4aw wtiAn JL, 'XtZT i i, 7n7Jk 1 their observation, plane plunged finto Bass lake in the Sierra Ne 1 4k nr w 1 vw i 8 1 Army officials here said the plane dived into the lake after striking a power line. The bodies were recovered. Oregon Democrats Organize Today ation meeting here Saturday. Fred Fisk, former Lane county judge and Portland collector of customs, was mentioned as a like ly candidate for : the state chair manship after, CharlesH. Leach, Portlandr announced he would not seek reelection because of 11 health. BeTKf In ... tion There were signs that the Rus sians had laid the cards on the table and told their allies that the time for a diversion in the west is here. -' ... The difficulty of delivering war supplies to the soviet over the bomb - splashed northern sea to Murmansk, and the dan ger that the red army may be stripped of its offensive power to aid a western drive of the allies if action is delayed too long were seen as factors of urgency in the situation. Of great moment, too, was the assertion of British military sources Friday that Japan has concentrated nearly 400,000 troops on the 1000-mile soviet frontier from Lake Baikal eastward and "there is little doubt they are planning to attack" from Man chukuo. This source said that the Japanese had been busy building roads and rail communications and that August and September are the best months for a military campaign in that area. - Some observers believed .that the need for a diversion and a solution of the Murmansk supply tproblem might point to one, an swer seizure of allied air bases in Scandinavia to provide air pro tection for Arctic convoys. ' And many believed that Washington and London had been given to understand that if means are found to deliver the guns, tanks and planes the Ted army needs, the Russians would be happy with a contin uance of 1000 bomber raids on Germany and big-scale com mando sorties until a fun-dress offensive can be mounted in western Europe even If thai Is after New Tear's day. LONDON, J u l y 31 - (JP) - Ap pointment of a United States gen eral as commander-in-chief of an allied invasion force - in Europe would be entirely, acceptable in Britain, it was said Friday night by informed British sources who could not be quoted directly. The name of Gen. George C. Marshall, USA chief of staff, has been prominent in discussions of the subject both in the newspa pers and in informed circles. The situation as depicted by the British is this: The principle of American lead ership of. this vital operation fac ing the United Nations' is be lieved to be acceptable to the British people. ' V If President Roosevelt should suggest General Marshal or any other rankinf American soldier as commander-in-chief, the ap pointment would be accepted immediately by the British gov ernment and flfhtlnff services, according to informed British sources. A British general would be a welcome and obvious choice as chief of staff to the- American commander, according to well-in (Turn to Page 2, Col. 5) ODT Freezes New Busses WASHINGTON, July 31 AH new passenger busses not yet sold by manufacturers were froz en by the war production board Friday and placed under control of the office of defense trans por tauon lor assignment to areas where transit emergencies devel op. The action, announced by ODT Director Joseph"' B. Eastman, places at his disposal a fleet of several thousand , new busses. - They will be sold only as di rected by ODT; and only if the transit , company- receiving , then agrees to transfer them to anoth er city ; in case worse needs , de velop in the latter place. In addition, a transit company buying a city" bus must agree to operate It f not more than 2000 miles a month, and a utility pur chasing an - inter city bus must agree not - to run it more than 4000 miles a month. Japs Said On Isles No Japs Thought On Pribilofs; Gain, Loss Told 1 By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER WASHINGTON, July 31 (AP) A navy spokesman es timated Friday that the Japa nese, had thrown a force of possibly 10,000 men into the western Aleutian islands, of which about half are actually occupying territory ashore and half are either manning; or living on warships and transports in the area. The spokesman, who declined to be quoted by name, made the estimate of enemy strength on the north Pacific edge of American territory in connection with a statement that aerial reconnais sance had failed to show any Jap anese activity in the Pribilof is lands, the world's richest sealing grounds lying in the Bering sea, 250 miles northwest of Dutch harbor. Asked about reports made public by Delegate Anthony Di mond of Alaska that "sliffht cir cumstantial evidence" had indi cated enemy seizure of the un defended Pribilofs, Hhe navy of ficial said. "We aren't in a po sition to say that they arent there, but have no evidence that they are." He explained that the American forces had looked over, the' Islands ' from the air "but we've seen no 'Japs." t Dknond said Thursday" that two men from Alaska had told - him that "from what they had heard in Alaska, the Japs have - the Pribilofs." f Information made public by the (Turn to Page 2. CoL 4) Stage Drivers Go On Strike Salem City Busses Not Affected by 'Wildcat' Oregon Motor Dispute PORTLAND, Ore., July 31 -JP) A strike of AFL highway drivers and shop employes of Oregon Mo tor Stages Friday night stranded hundreds of war workers and cut off bus service to scores of north western Oregon communities. Many workers in Portland and Astoria shipyards and other war plants in the area took busses to their jobs this - morning before approximately 100 drivers and 30 shop employes went out in what union spokesmen called an' un authorized strike. The Oregon Motor , Stages vir tually blankets the northwest cor ner of the state and many, towns lost their only means of passenger transportation. " AU the company's operations were affected except municipal service in Salem and Eugene., The strike Is unauthorised,' said Donald Roberts, spokesman for the motor coach employes union 1055. The first we knew of it was when we were In formed thai the highway driv ers and shop men had left their Jobs." He said that a wage dispute, which had resulted in a strike threat by the union a few weeks ago, had .been submitted to me diation. Three federal conciliators conferred with company and un ion representatives Wednesday night, Roberts said. ; Drivers and shop employes had sought wage increases which were not disclosed and the drivers also demanded payment by the hour instead of on a mileage basis. Brazilian Ship -Sunk by U-Boat - BUENOS AIRES, Argentina, July 31-(VThe sinking- of the Brazilian freighter Barbacena by an axis. suDnoarine was cuscuweu Friday in a message to the naval ministry of Argentina from " the Argentine , tanker Tacito announc ing the rescue of 17 survivors. The men were picked up Thurs day off the northern coast of Bra ziL The message did not say how many of ' the v Barbacena's crew missing. L. . - . " " (The Barbacena, listed in Lloyds as a 4772-ton ship built in 1909, was the llth Brazilian ship to be sunk.) . ' Y 'rfT: , , .-.,v If 4 rrf: Behind heavy tasks and through north of the Qattara depression, stopped Rommel and then began Allies Attack Jap Cruiser Enemy Bases Hit in . Southwest Pacific I By Rombing Units -GENERAL MacARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia, Saturday, Aug. l.HPV-An allied air unit attacked and "probably bit" a Japanese cruiser south of Amboina island. In the Dutch .East Indies, while other bombers were carrying out devastating raids on" Japanese bases at Gona mission, northeastern New ' Gui- neaTtijttkf Douglas MacArthur't headquarters announced S a t u r- day. . " - : Japanese installations on Guad alcanal island, in the Solomons, also were heavily attacked, a communique said. Direct hits were made on a supply dock near the settlement of Kukum and a large ship off shore was blasted by allied bombs. Allied action against enemy bates at Guadalcanal disclosed that Japanese - infiltrations into the island have been going on for about six weeks, a military spokesman said. The raid on the Gona mission area was centered on the vfl-. lare of Bona which was hea vily hit, the communique said. Two large fires were started near the coast. The situation at Kokoda, in in terior New Guinea where Japan ese patrols and allied outposts have been skirmishing, was de clared "static." A single Japanese plane jetti soned one bomb near the village of Mossman, on the coast of Queensland north of Townsville, Australia, during a night flight and caused minor damage. At Rabaul, New Britain, an al lied scouting formation shot down one enemy fighter,-the commun ique said. , General MacArthur's headquar ters communique gave no further details of the attack on the Japan ese cruiser near Amboina. City Blacked As Surprise; AP Prepared NEW YORK, . July 3l-VP)-Air raid sirens sounded a practice alert at 9:50 p. m. Friday night,' and New York city was plunged into itsfirst city-wide suprise black' out of the war. The all clear signal sounded at 10:15 p. m. The sirens shrilled with no advance warning to the general public, except for Mayor F. H. La Guardia's announcement of sev eral days ago that such a blackout test could be expected at any hour before Wednesday, August 5, y A spokesman ?for : the . army s eastern defense Command said the army had no comment on the test, and added: i . - ' ' l It's Mayor La Guardia's party. ; Simulating conditions which would exist in an actual raid, the Associated Press shifted a skele ton staff of employes to ad emerg ency station deep - underground safe from any danger; Wires were carrying news over the emergency setup a few minutes after the alarm was given.' T (The preceding story was trans mitted from the AP emergency air raid station.) . , V r -if-!"-- -, a smoke screen, Scots guards move in the flffht to save Erypt . It was to edxe westward. (Associated Press Telemat.) Mock Attack Hits Salem Juicy, Too! With imaginary bombs, drop ping from planes that were not there, Salem was "attacked" Friday nlfht and the streets ran deep with raspberry juice. While effective though non poisonous fumes from a pan of burning sulphur rose at 21st and Mill streets where one of the hypothetical Incidents In the city's first civilian defense In cident drill was placed, decon tamination squads, publie utili ties' repair trucks and ambu lances rushed to the scene, and a first aid squadron demonstra ted its training. At 2075 Fairgrounds road, examiners from the state civil ian defense office declared they were delighted to . find that realism In the test was not lim ited to the generous use of rasp berry Juice to simulate blood, but that victims of the high ex plosive and incendiary bombs had been bandaged and splinted (Turn to Page 2, Col. 5) Navy Reveals WAVES Plan Restrictions Given on Wives and Mothers -As Candidates WASHINGTON, July 31-CP) The navy Friday night started the WAVES" rolling. The call went out for 1000 wo men, preferably whole-hearted bachelor girls, to volunteer as of ficer candidates in the newly cre ated feminine navy unit intended to release men for active sea duty. Later calls will be made for 10,- 000 enlisted personnel. . r Capt Herbert Whitwell Under wood, 55, expert in navy science and tactics, has been named com manding officer of the women's reserve indoctrination and training school to be opened at Smith col lege in Northampton, Mass., oh Oc tober 1.' '?. - ' ; Hiss Mildred McAfee, 42, president of Wellesley college, also In Massachusetts,' Is ex-' pec ted to be named head of "WAVES", with the -rank ofj lieutenant commander. Both1 she and Captain Underwood are natives of Missouri. - .- ; The ; navy's frown on mother hood isn't complete, but there are restrictions on student officers who wish to be ""Women Appoint ed for Volunteer Emergency Serv ice" in other words, "WAVES." After ' au, reason the admirals, there's a war on. i ' Married women are not dis barred from volunteering, but un married volunteers must " agree not to" inarry or remarry while in training and that training will last at least one month. Mothers having children un der It years of age need not ap ply for the first two groups of -"officers to be appointed to get (Turn to Page 2,' Col." 2) : Out- Senators' 11-3 ' " ,"1 " " - i w : : ' r Into battle In the El Alamela sector. on this line that empire forces US Bombers Hit Tobruk Naval . Aircraft Raid Matruh to Start Huge Dump Fires CAIRO, July 31-ff-US army and heavy British bombers join ed in a violent attack on Tobruk Thursday night while British na val aircraft raided Matruh, the axis port closest - to the desert front line, and scored hits on two Ships. ' . . : ' V..V. W l! i 3 JT-' J T "i.- c"inwitrain toHnpfhonasi what 'apparently were axis fuel and munitions dumps. Fires set off at Matruh could be. seen 30 miles away, the British said. The visibility over, Tobruk was poor but the raid nevertheless was described as successful. Axis , planes also were active, and raided Egyptian air bases from which the Americans and British have- been attacking Field Marshal Erwin Rommel's land and sea eonununleations on the North African coast and tho nasi basetMn Crete. Four persons . were killed and 13 injured and some slight prop erty damage " Was inflicted in : a raid on Alexandria, the Egyptian interior ministry announced, while alarms were sounded in the Cairo area and other points. The min istry made no mention of bombs falling in Cairo, however. The continuing lull on the Al- amein front, west of Alexandria, and the axis raids on the Cairo area led observers here to sug gest that the Germans might be primarily intent on keeping the bulk of allied bombers out of ac tion while important supplies and reinforcements are being moved up to Rommel. Similar tactics have usually been -employed against Malta air dromes when axis convoys are trying to - slip across the central Mediterranean. (A Berlin broadcast declared the German .high command el a 1 m e d direct hits "between closely .parked planes' and "seri ous destruction in , the nazi raid on Cairo airdromes Wednesday night). -. c - .British sources said Rommel's defense lines consisted of mine fields behind which there were emplacements for. his 105 mm , gg nun. and 51 mm, guns, but added that these lines did not (Turn to Page S, CoL K French Ship Recaptured VICHY, July 31--A. French destroyer and naval planes have recaptured the French ship Mltid ja from a British submarine crew which had seized her, it was offi cially announced Friday night. 1 The Mitidja was en route from Oran, Algeria, to Marseille with a .cargo of cereal, wine and min erals when it' -was stopped and seized ".by the British submarine crew July, 28, an admiralty com' munique said.. V - The .communique emphasized that the ship carried no war con traband, and added: "A- French - destroyer and i group of planes of. naval aviation intervened to rSeliver the ship which, Thursday, arrived at Mar seille without any other incident' Stalled In East Reserves Rushed At Stalingrad. To Push Nazis By EDDY GILMORE -C MOSCOW, Augr. 1 (Satur day) (AP) The red army has retreated deeper into th western Caucasus below Bat- aisk, but reinforced soviet le gions were reported early Sat urday -to have stalled a big nazi drive in the Klelskaya area some 80 miles northwest of Stalingrad, where the Rus sians rushed trainloads of re serves to the front. ' In the third critical area of the south, a midnight communique said one Russian unit defending the Don river barrier in the Tsim lyansk sector, 120 miles upstream from Rostov, had killed more than 1000 Germans who had effected a crossing of that barrier. The communique saicf of the new retreat south' and southeast of Batajsk: "After bloody battles our units , fell back to new positions. The Germans lost 13 tanks, 18 guns and more than 600 men killed in thee battles." In the Kletskaya battle, the Russians reported, the red army was hurling captured, German tanks Immediately Into the bat tle against the nasi. - It was in the Kletskaya area " " -- i drive- in the Don river elbow. "In the area ;of Tsimlyansk stubborn fighting went on against enemy groups which had crossed to the southern bank of the Don in a sector held by one of our units," the communique contin ued. "Nine German tanks, 15 guns, 23 machineguns and eight mortar batteries w ere destroyed. The enemy lost -more than 1000 offi cers and men." A resurgence of "local fighting on the Leningrad front also was -disclosed, the communique saying that artillery-supported Russians repulsed two German attempts to regain positions which the Soviets had captured. , " . German dive-bombers sup ported the nasi charges,, but five of the. planes were shot down and the Germans lost 30f men, the communique reported. Another 300 nazis were report ed killed when Russian guerrillas in the Leningrad district derailed two nazi troop trains. j The Russians apparently made no further of fensive ' attempts in the Voronezh sector on the upper Don Friday, but . the nakis were reported to have suffered heavily inv two unsuccessful counter-attacks there. '-. ' A 15,000-ton enemy transport was announced sunk In the Bar- ents sea.' - V Airmen Fight Over France Huge Battles Rage as RAF Raids; Nazi Attack Light LONDON, "Saturday, Aug. 1.- (AVBrltish bombers resumed their assaults on Germany Friday night after a one-night Interrup tion and the Berlin radio reported the raiders had attacked several places hi the Rhine-Westphalian industrial area with high explos ives and incendiarieoi : Eighteen . British planes were shot down, the German broadcast said.' : , Nazi . air' raiders, meanwhile attacked several ' points on . the English east coast, causing a num ber of casualties ' in one town. Bombs also -were dropped In northeast;. England, but the at tacks! were not heavy. : ' . . At least eme enemy plane was Shot down.; i,'.;. I;.,.;. '7 . ;s. London, which ; experienced ."alerts Montlay Wednesday and Friday, had a quiet night. " Hundreds of British and Ger man fighters dueled over the oc cupied French coast -Friday and Friday, evening "as the RAF car ried out intensive raids on . the Abbeville' airdrome ' and St Malo docks.Tv """l:'': A:;,:,-:t-7:;; - Eleven German planes Includ ing three Toe k e - Wulf fighters (Turn to Page t, CoL 8) ' tare data delayed. a.