Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (July 3, 1938)
Tha OREGON STATESMAN. Sales. Oregon, Sunday Morning, July 3, 1923 Norm Saniiam ers Easy Access to Central Oregon PAGE SIX Oft Detroit Route Now Complete Travel not yet Entirely Comfortable; Fishing, Recreation Abound Tail ' Mwiptper Ii eo;prtInf with - Th OrefonUn nd th i Orecn EUt Matr 4aociatia is present is motorlcf designed to stunalat travel la Oregon and ta Pseif i northwest. Br LAWRENCE BARBER Uncle Sam's road iballders are ' gradually tying together the last link of the new North Santiam end South Santiam highways, fast ' sister roads- over thej middle Cas 'eade range, designed to clip .60 between Willamette valley cities and the sparkling lakes and color ful plateaus of central Oregon. This summer, for tiie first lime, motorists are already driving. the entire distance of the North, San- Uam? highway on thej new perma nent grade. They encounter clouds of dustbusy road-building ma chinery and bumpinsa of rough grading, but these Inconveniences are considered minor to the nver , age - motoring dregonlan, who thrills. In the exploration of 'new highways, new mountains, new rivers and new lakes.! Starts at Detroit ' The new North Santiam high way - starts at . Detroit, 60 miles east of Salem and Albany,, and rises with easy grades and sweep ing carves up the North Santjam rirer Wiley 32 miles to its Junc tion with the South Santiam high way at Little Nash junction. . The South Santiam highway ctarts Its mountain j climb near CascadltV 45 miles- southeast of Albany, and rises 35 miles up the Santiam river to the Junction at Little Nash. From that point the combined highway sweeps up the west slope of the mountains to Hogg pass, dips over and drdps down beside sparkling Suttle lake and the tall pines of the upper Utnlfna. I But the South Santiam highway Is net yet opened to traffic. A sec tion of several miles about mid way between Cascadia and Little Nash is to be built this summer. and the entire grade, although unsurfaced. will be opened for the public next ' summer. Meanwhile, Oregon's ' unstoppable exploring motorists will use the summer de tour road through the timber. Little has been published about these two new roads,! because the United States bureau of public roads does not wish to encourage travel upon uncompleted high ways. ; : .-I - :-i ' "There Is always the inconven-; fence, discomfort and danger of driving in. clouds of; dust, which heavy traffic stirs up on unoiled roads, explained HJ D. Farmer, aenior highway esxgineer in charge of forest, highways In Oregon. 'Persons driving In dust fog face the danger of head-on collisions or of running off the road." So the North. Santiam highway Is not yet being recommended as a travel artery for . the general public. . ' -"' " i , , . Wide as Portland's Broadway, the new grade lacks much of man's finishing touch. , Ten miles of il were oiled during the last two weeks, while about It miles between Detroit and Marlon Forks are scheduled for surfacing and oiling late this year and early next. J The South Santiam route over Hogg pass has long been designat ed by the bureau of public roads, the. forest service and state high way commission as a future com- meriMal rant nvr tta monntains. fat the North Santiam route was not officially discovered" until 1128. three years after a narrow. one-way road with turnouts was constructed from Niagara, elgbt miles above Mill City, to Detroit, 'to serve people who previously had only a logging; railroad for their connection with the outside world. "II"; - , Began in 193t As soon as the preliminary In vestigation of the route,: was made, the North Santiam was added to the state system, and construction was started in 1931. From that year to this the federal govern ment has allotted about $100,000 annually for construction, adding three to ten miles of grade each year, and now and then a bridge r two. . - - With the completion of the last bridge over the river this month, the North Santiam grade will be entirely completed and 'the last detour above Detroit will be elim inated. " I -. But there still remains the. 25 mlle bottleneck below Detroit, the narrow, one-way dusty road chls- etea qui oi ine rucij stapes i North Santiam canyon 13 years ago. The United States bureau of public roads contemplates replac ing this within a. few years with a wide, smooth,- well-graded high way, but this project must wait until the United States-engineers definitely decide upon the location and height of a dam they propose to erect In the canyon below De troit as a part of the Willamette valley project. It the dam is high, it will force the highway to an expensive and difficult location high up the canyon side, i Advantages ot the Santiam road route are confined largely to re duced distances and driving times as compared with other routes. From Portland, Bend is Tirtually as far by this route as by the Wapinltla road, but Suttle lake -and the i Metolius j resorts are brought 56 miles closer to Port land via a paved short cut through TVoodburn, Silrerton, St ay ton and Detroit, ." -- The distance between Salem . v. 1 . - . ; . A t ina ueua is now uniy iiu uiun via the North Santiam route, com pared with 190 miles via Eugene and the McKenzie highwsy. - Highway engineers expect " the Hogg pass route will be more 'readily kept clear of winter snow than the McKenzie pass. They ex perimented with snow clearing' on the new route during the first half et last-winter aad found the job Pass Route Wide as City Street Above, fishing on Square lake, one mile north of Santiam highway at Nogsj Pass summit, is done usually from rafts like this one. Below, the. stew highway grade, which the motorlogger found to bo "as wide as Portland's Broadway, with sweeping carves and" easy grades. Three-Fingered Jack la distance. .; Among thej New! Books Revieivs and Literary "Netvs Notes By CAROLINE PIUS XI,! APOSTLE OF PEACE. By I Lillian Brown-Olf. Macmlllan $2.60. I Catholic and non-Catholic alike share admiration and respect for Pius XI. one of the church's great popes of all time. And Catholic; and non-Catholic alike will enjoy Mrs. Brewne'Olf 's fas cinating biography of him. The first part takes up young Achilla Ratti's birth in the little Italian town Desio, in view of the Italian Alps.: It -was here, too; that he spent his early boyhood In an environment "which proT ed suitable and richly satisfying tor the normal healthful develop ment of his .unique personality. -His father was part-owner of a silk-mill. ; Achilla was ten when he completed his studies under the guidance of the parish priest. Later he was ordained priest in St. John Lateran.,, We are given pictures of his joy in mountain climbing and his interest In his post of librarian at the Vatican. The first part ends with his election to Papal dignity. - , ' The second part concerns his achievements as pope, his rela tions with Mussolini "two per sonalities, Pius RI and Benito Mussolini, so opposed in training, education andoutlook but "pre destined, actors upon the stage of Italy's and perhaps ' the world's future," the Roman question, and the Lateran treaty, r Throughout the biography, the pope's lore of peace Is the cen tral theme. His influence on the future 1 of European national not difficult.'. They learned, how ever, that danger of snow slides at Hogg rock made the construc tion of retards at that point de sirable. witbJ the wsult that such work is scheduled for this season. Rivers Scenic Streams ! The Santiam route is attractive, too, from a scenic and touring standpoint. Both the North and South Santiam rivers are scenic streams, rushing down from the mountains through deep canyons of rock and timber, r- , As the joint highway climbs over the summit, fine views of Mount Washington, the Three Sis ters and Three-Fingered Jack are played before the motorist in an endless panorama. Dropping down the e a s te r n slope, the motorist gets a striking view of Blue lake and Suttle lake, surrounded by deep pine timber far below; The road passes the entrance to the Suttle Lake lodge and forest recreation area at the eastern end of the lake. Two side roads passed in this vicinity lead direct to the . Metolius resorts. Camp . Sherman and the springs from which Metolius river is born. Beyond is Sisters, where the Santiam and McKenzie highways join, and where the road to Red mondj Prinetille, Mitchell and northeastern Oregon separates from the highway taj Bend, the upper Deschutes valley and south eastern Oregon. , I Springs All winter: long the quiet Jewelled rain Glistened and slid along the dripping pane That frames . the misty hills and dappled plain. But fickle March, deriding winter gloom. Entices tree and flower into bloom, ? Only, to trap them in an icy tomb. Aghast to learn at length, they came too soon, The trilliums droop beside the still lagoon, Rigid as glass beneath an icy moon. . Betrayed indeed, but undefeated still, ' The flowers spring again along the hill: Shall we confess a weaker faith of will? "With maple blossoms tasseling the bough And furrows turning black along the plow, i Spring cannot leave us, broken hearted, now. EDWIN T. REED. . t - - a JURGEN questions is discussed, and the author suggests the . possibility that Pius XI will be the means whereby another European ' con flict may be averted. ? ' The ' author, Mrs. Brewne-Olt was born In Massachusetts and is now living in Chicago. She Is the leader of the Chicago group of the national committee on the cause and cure of war. She re cently spent three years in Rome making .a study of the papacy and its history and rounding out the research which forms the basis of this, her first book. WE DIDN'T MEAN TO GO TO SEA. By Arthur Ransome, Mac mlllan. ! ! i - : s All young (and; older), readers who have followed with enjoy ment the adventurous careers of the Swallows in Arthur Ran somed well-known books "Pi geon Post." I "Coot Club," "Swal lows and Amazons," will welcome a new book I about this popular band of young people. The book Is full of illustra tions 34 in all which will de light the reader. The story itself Is fascinating, concerning; Jim Brading who bought a little yacht, the I Goblin, and Invited John, Susan, Titty and Roger to come aboard for a few days. Their mother consented on con dition that they should not go outside . Harwich Harbor. The young; people were quite content to bo crew, sleep in the Goblin, and anchor her in , a different place each night. They " meant to keep 1 their promises, they did not mean to go to sea. But haw they found themselves : adrift and without Jim, and how they had to go on because they . couldnt go back form the exciting adventure. Mr. Ilansome, who has - been awarded the Carnegie medal, lives at Livington in Suffolk, England. He devotes much of his time to fishing and sailing. writing during the remainder. THN HANDSOME ROAD. By Given Bristow. Crowell. $2.50. The author of "Deep Summer has given the novel reading pub lic a delightful, easily read book in this new one of hers. ! This new novel la also about Louisi ana in the sixties. Many of the same ' families appear (- the Larnes, the- Seranys, and so on. In "Deep Summer Given Bris tow told about the people who built a luxuriant, florid clvillza tioa, and in this new novel, she tells how that civilization was de molished and a1 different one made to take its place. Given Bristow was born In South Carolina ; and attended Judson college in Alabama. A year at Columbia ; university and she went to work on the NewOrleans Times-Picayune. In 1929, she married Bruce Manning, a re porter on a rival paper. They moved to California, where she began to write about old Louisi ana. Treachery Land Seekers Are Numerous Dut Little Prospect for ' Homes on "Frontier;" Requests Pour In WASHINGTON. July tHJP Thousands of Americans are ready to climb Into covered wag ons and head for -the frontier. But unsettled land is getting scarce, and few of the wistful cit izens are destined to become col onists. : - ! Ever since the . government moved 200 families from the mid dlewest to the Matanuska valley la Alaska, it has received 150 letters a week from persons who want to pull stakes and join the colonists. Most of .the-- 25,000 writers said they were down on their luck and wanted a chance to start over. , When the government announ ced it was going to colonize the tiny islands of Canton and Ender bury In the Pacific, 300 persons volunteered to go. None went, since 11 Hawaiians' already had been put on the tropical atolls : all the inhabitants there was room for. A couple ot years ago the inter ior department made a passing re mark in a report on Alaska that there were two and one-half men tor every woman. This started a rush of mall from 400 women, all claiming . they were excellent cooks,:- charming companions and admirers ot ' Alaska. Thousands Write In The farm security administra tion receives thousands of letters a year from citizens who want to make their homes in some -reset tlement community back In the hills. t The reclamation service re ceives 12,400 Inquiries annually about its newly irrigated desert land, yet it can provide only about 400 new farm units a year. Frontier opportunities for mod ern Americans can't meet , the de mand. Matanuska Won't accept any more colonists' until those who are there begin to pay back their debt to the government, which, averages $S,O0t each. The settlers must clear most of their land be fore they can raise enough to do this, and the WPA officials dont think they will be able to until 1940. Then, the payments will be put in a fund to finance new col onists. ':'' The farm security administra tion has not started any new re settlement, projects In a year, and it has no plans for any more. Its communities were all established to provide homes and opportunity for specific groups farmers from sub-marginal lands; miners from exhausted coal regions, or inhab itants of land turned Into national parks. . ... ., .., .. ' Reclaimed Lands Taken j -' The 400 farms which the recla mation i service makes available each year are taken np quickly. War veterans have a choice of the land for 90 days after it is opened up, then others may bid for it. Homesteaders are charged about 31 an acre for homestead rights, and given 40 years without any interest charges in which to make the payments. ine service now Has 40 pro jects comprising 3.000,000 acres of irrigated land. On this 250,000 persons are living. - The reclamation colonies didn't appear too permanent: The FSA recently found a study ot the rec lamatlon service settlement which was established on the Klamath river in Oregon about 15 years ago. to obtain data to guide it In selecting colonists for Its own projects. It found that only about 65 percent of the original colon ists who settled on the Klamath river IS years ago remained on the land. The rest had left, either because they had got rich or were unfitted for the work. The general land office, tradl uonai aispenser of government land, granted only S07 home steads last year. The public domain, once em bracing 1,840,598,400 acres, now includes only 1 0.0 00,0 00 acres, exclusive of forest preserves, na tional parks and other used land Under the grazing act of 1534. all of this land except sites spe cially set aside, from time to time was reserved for grazing. The public land was generally of such poor quality that by, granting homesteads the government en couraged farming on sub-marginal land, officials said. So congress wnnarew it from agriculture. In Alaska the general land of fice. stiU has 34S.000.000 acres to offer the colonists. Although the land costs the . homesteader only about $1 an acre, only 127 home steads were taken no last vear The cost of clearing the land is al most prohibitive. About Stamps By DORIS HAROLD -Hello. Fellow Collectors: July 11 will mark the first day sale of the new 4 -cent stamp of the regular series. It will bo an ebony gray and be the usual size. The stamp will bear a reproduc tion of the White House at Wash ington. DC, and will be mailed at Washington, DC. X Just received a cover bearing France's football commemorative. It is blue and pictures three French athletes playing football. It is the 1.75 fr. value and bears the date 103$. t France's Versailles issue, on sale now, will remain on sale un til October 31. It is 1.75 fr. plus 75c, the surtax for the benefit of the Versalles Concert society. The stamp show a view of the Palace of Versailles from the town side. Also on sale until October 31 is the infantry monument issue. The two values; are C5e plus 1.10 fr., greenish blue. 55c plus 70c brown violet. They; both show an infan tryman stand I d g guard In a trench. More ' new French issues will appear in the future. . How Does Your Garden Grow? Growing Bulbs for Market Entails Great Amount of Work and Much Money . By LILLIE L. MADSEN Replies to correspondence: . The strawberry maggots ' do work ' on primroses, coral bells. and even rhodo dendrons. In re cent ' years - the beetles responsi ble for the mag gots have : be come ; very, nu merous, . even coming into the house like ants during m Igra tion time. Their presence in i the garden can : be seen by the toll age Beetles feed on the leaves. ' XAiu L. uuum giving them a scalloped appear ance. " At the first sign of such beetles foliage should be sprayed with arsenate of lead. Usually the spraying should be done' in very late June or early July. The beetles lay the eggs at that time. The gardener complaining of dam age to primroses and coral bells had best lift the plants and. closely examine the roots tor maggots. Drop the maggots into kerosene. Raw naphthalene flakes dug In around the plants will also help. A small tree similar to the pic turesque trees of Japanese paint ings is the comparatively new Styrax Japonica. It will grow in an upright direction, something like a small crabapple, but its branches are more irregular, giv ing it the oriental appearance. Planted alone against ' a stone wall few things can equal It 1 A gardener near Salem wants to know-it it Is "easy to grow bulbs and things for sale, some thing like Cooley at Silrerton. There' seems to be a lot of work entailed in growing garden things for sale. The Cooleys at Sllverton didn't reach their pres ent success in a year or two. They have been growing saleable irlse for over 10 years. One'of the members ot the Coo ley Gardens told me this week that the beautiful catalogue they bad put-out this year cost $7500 and that they had sent out by re quest 21,000 of them. The postage alone on them was $800. News paper and magazine advertising this spring has mounted to $1100. The Cooleys, father and soaj hare unusual ability in their line, they have unbounded patience, are willing to work long hours and truly enjoy their work. With out these assets.- together with considerable business ability, starting a commercial venture In bulbs or other garden material "like the Cooleys" would be rath er discouraging think. work, I would The tall mock orange shoots may be pruned back now. Make a long r slanting cut immediately above a leaf bud. It the bush is very old, cut out; some of the hea vy, old stalks in the center. Madonna lilies .are very subject to disease. But they can be kept growing nicely if spraying is done conscientiously. Spraying must be done each; week and all parts of the foliage must be hit with; the spray. Use either bordeaux or an all -purpose dust. Keep the spray off , the blooms j bust as soon as the" blooms .are over cut off the heads (unless you want to save some for seed) and burn. Do not cut the stalks down .for awhile bat continue your spraying pro cess. !: The yellow calls Illy, to which D. R. of Salem refers, has spotted leaves and there Is nothing wrong with the foliage. ' An unusual interest has sprung up in out-door calla lily culture this year. A man who visited the Jack garden opening at Sllverton a week ago wants to know if the calla lilies growing in Mr. Jack's lawn were left out all winter. ' I have referred to these before In my column. Mr. Jack says they have grown out of doors a num ber of years without damage. He hat quite a large colony of the lilies now and they' bloom well They do best in partial shade and they do need considerable mois ture. ' i; - The shrub Althea must also have a great deal ot water if It is to do its best during the turn mer. A mulch about Its roots Is beneficial. ; - The high bush cranberry fs an other shrub which needs irriga tion if Its berries are to be orna mental. Mrs. LhjiR. of Salem, re ports that the berries on her bush usually drop oft during the sum mer. I am of the opinion, that she does not give the shrub sufficient water. It Is more Important to let the water soak tight down to the very tips of the roots in an infrequent watering than to sprin kle a little each day. Tuberous begonias must have a lot of water. Give them a leaf- mold or peat mulch and water them each warm, dry . day. Dust off their foliage with a gentle spray ot water. , . Certainly a summer lawn dress ing may be used to encourage growth of grass. Use a fertilizer mixed with peat. If you are liv ing where irrigation is plentiful, you will find that the lawn re sponds greatly to such a treat ment now. f The small dogwood in bloom in Jane is likely the Cornus Kousa from central China and through Korea. It is perfectly hardy. The flowers of this small dogwood are often six Inches across . and - last for more than a month, turning pink before they fall. Strangely enough it Is not planted as orten here as might be supposed. There if are 'many varieties of dogwoods and a large number ot them are very useful In Oregon gardens where they grow remarkable well. Mrs. C. L. plans to go to Cali fornia in July and w ants to know where the Purdy Gardens can be found an . what would be found in them. Carl Pardy has his mountain ' gardens 8 miles upJla the hills out from Ukiah. The trip Is a grand one although the road Is remarkably narrow and steep. Mr. Purdy specializes in native spring blooming flowers aad perhaps hoc . done more than any one other person to awaken interest in native flowers and to keep them alive by cultivation in home gardens. In his garden are grow ing many which cannot any longer be found in the frequented outdoor haunts but which used to ; be plentiful on our western slopes. The trip is worth a great deal to any true garden lover. " The red splrea ' now ir bloom is Anthony Water. It belongs to thw Spiraea Japonica group. An other hybrid, somewhat, similar is S. Margaritao whicbu blooms abundantly in July andf August, sometimes even carrying its blooms into September.- If the faded flowers ot these splreas are picked off they tend to bloom for a much longer period. r Anemone Japonlcas demand a great deal of moisture to do well. Also they should be planted in at least partial shade. Morning sun and afternoon shade seems te be a good combination. Mrs. T. R. who wants to start a cactus garden because ft "should demand little care" will find oth erwise here.'. In southern Califor nia that might hold true, but la Oregon there are many things to consider. There are several cacti which will withstand oar winters as they grow native on the hills of Wyoming. Utah. Montana, and even the prairie lands ot the Da kota and Kansas, Bat drainage is a problem here. If drainage is ossured a number ot these mid western natives will come through the winters nicely. But even at that such ,a collection would be limited. - ... However, that Is overcome by some here who hare a sm a 1 1 greenhouse or a proper basement room for winter storage, la this case other cacti which will not tolerate even our cold in winter may be set out in pots, the tops of which may be covered with sand to give the correct appeaf ance and then moved indoors tor winter. If oho likes collections of bizarre plants such an arrange ment proves very successful. Romance When East meets TIKI Li The Great New Serial by ma inning DATE i ii yJuSIO' Deai Ff ? the sinister land of Laos goes Ned Holdea, son of an American mis sirjoarj, yet a man "reared in the arms of Asia." He is searching for the emerald Buddha which must be returned to Slam bj festiral time or revolution will en fi meets Vkfiiai Griffin and her father, a St, Louis art coUector. With their party is the strange Frenchman, Chambon, Virginia's fiance Together they set out. tor xoos . . . and ;i i if if if; ll-i r ls 'l Flea Beetle 1 Bothers Mint Pest Causes Serious Harm in Some Marion County i Plantings, Report "The mint flea:beetle Is causing serious damage In several of the plantings in Marion county, ac cording to Assistant County Agent Robert E. Rieder. , The tiny, light-brown colored beetle feeds on the leaves and stems ot the plant, and where they are numerous, soon skele tonize the leaves and cause them to dry up and die. . The Insect wlnt rs over in the soil as a tiny egg and as soon as new . growth starts early la the spring, these eggs hatch into small . larvae which make their way to the rootlets of the mint plant. ; The young larvae rapidly reach maturity at the expense of tbe root system and along In June reach the resting stage ot their life cycle, The insect is now emerging from the soil in large numbers .as- the adult beetle which feeds exclusively on the foliage. . Dost Helps Check The Insect can be checked to a certain extent, by the application of one of the various dust insec ticides. The State college is not in a position to recommend any speci fic control measures, since to-date little experimental work has been done with this particular flea beetle. However, with other in sects of almost identical habits such as the potato and cabbage flea-beetles, a good measure of control is secured .by a thorough application of either a roteaone dust containing- .75 per cent actu al roteaone, or one of the arsen ate dusts. Apparenty only one generation of this : flea-beetle matures an nually so a dust application soon now should materially reduce the amount of damage. . Ford Tire Right For Valley Motor Exclusive franchise to tell tbe new Ford tires has been granted the Valley Motor company here. The new tires, streamlined to eliminate tire noise, have been de signed with no sacrifice ot trac tion aad non-skid safety. ! Since the Ford motor company contemplates production of popu lar sizes only the local firm will continue as distributors of Kelly Springfield tires. - Mystery - 1 unpredictable adventure! - 5 mi i'W 0 Begins Wednesday, July e vregon 5&a Health Notes From Marlon County DcpartmrnH of Health The Marlon eosnty nealth de partment is already making plans for examinational ot school chil dren which ordinarily begin as soon as school opens In tbe fall. However, this yar id order to cut down the rush which nearly always occurs, the stsff will bold as many clinics as possible during the summer -not only for grade school, but also for students who will enter senior land Junior high schools for the fifst time this fall, fn' Salem the first, fourth, seventh and 10th grades are regularly examined and also any newcomers from other counties and states of which there have been a great many in past months. . Diphtheria Cae The first case of diphtheria to be reported to the Marlon county department of health this year appeared ' durlng the week In a three-year-old bay who bad not been previously Immunized. This case, serious enough in itself, Is nevertheless a fsr cry from tbe diphtheria situation 10 or 15 years ago when as many as 200 cases with many deaths were re ported each year (in Marlon coun ty. New immunizing weapons and an aroused, public have been largely responsible. Hot Weather Diet In order to avoid heat exhaus tion and heat cramps as well as other ill effects of beat it Is very Important to watch the diet and stay out of Intense heat. This ap plies especially to the very young and the rery old. However, for all, salty foods on tbe menu sre desirable.. Milk Is an especially good source of I salt, also salt meals, salt crackers, potato chips. Salt which is lost in perspiration must be replaced! if ill effects of heat are not to result. Sour foods and drinks are bene ficial on the summer diet because extreme summer heat causes a reduction in the acid gastric juices which are digestive as well as partially antiseptic. Sour foods being acid in reaction help supplement these properties ot the digestive Juices. Examples are lemonade, pickles, salads with sour dressings and acid fruits. Those old-fashioned summer pic nic lunches were probably sensi ble after all. firecrackers aad Tetanus Exploding firecrackers art dan gerous as they may drive spores or germs of tetanus or lockjaw deep i into the tissues. Here tbe tetanus bacillus which grows best in the absence of air may develop, forming a powerful poison which later gives the symptoms of lock jaw. Tetanus baciilll may be found anywhere, but especially In ma nured soil, so any puncture wound such as that due to a natl, rake or. frecracker in which tbe germs' may be driven deep Into the tissues ahodld have prompt medical attention. Tetanus anti toxin when given early will pre: rent tetanus. : Ad ventu re West . . . in w r 6 in S I F 1 mm II I