Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 18, 1936)
"AGE FOUR Che iKttiON STATKSilAN, SaJexa; Ureffor Sunday aiornias,, uctober 18. 13S i ... h i - If 1 t 1 if ,t4 f ounded "So Favor Sway Us; No Fear Shall AtceT From -First Statesman, March 2S. .1151 Charles A. Sfkaccx Sheldon F. Sackstt - THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING CO. Member of the Associated Frew -f Th Associated Prcsa to exclusively -entitled to the m for PuNkf of .l Bin diptchfl credited to U or not Ibrwlf credited la paper. - - - tlon this The Intelligent Voter A great deal is heard every year about the intelligent voter. The ignorant voter, it is universally conceded, is the per- f son who persists in voting for the candidate you oppose. f A fairly long observation of political behavior has made this writer very uncertain about the "intelligent voter." This ! uncertainty is increased by consideration of the poll at Wil lamette university where 190 students voted for Landon and 187 for Roosevelt. There were 86 for Thomas and four for William Lemke. v I - H ' Here are students not of equal intelligence to be sure, but I'about as homogeneous a group as could be assembled. Then how shall we appraise the "intelligence" of the persons who voted for the various candidates? Was the IQ of those voting for Landon higher than those voting for Roosevelt; or does ithe IQ run in inverse ratio, with the four for Lemke highest, the 86 for Thomas next, and on down the line? The balloting was secret of course, but the probability is that the gradations of "intelligence" of the students were quite similar for each group, except where. the number, as ?four for Lemke, was insufficient for reliable comparison. So we come down to this: that selections in voting are not determined by "intelligence" so much as by feeling. Stu Idents feel the pull of family tradition. Or they feel the attrac ' tion of personality. Or they react to personal interest of them selves or their families. In other words voting is quite as --.much an emotional response as it is an intellectual process. ; Which is quite as it should be; because the human animal is governed by his feelings as well as by his reasoning pow ers. We cannot free ourselves from our emotional responses. Most every voter, if he looks back over his voting record, will t realize that his voting has been determined by other consider ations than cold, intellectual calculation. The danger however, is for voting to be almost exclusively emotional, with a min j imum of honest study. It is among voters with no ballast of ( intelligence that the demagogue wields his influence. Fortun i ately, in the past there has been a sufficient diffusion of in ; telligence that few genuine demagogues have risen to nation ' al position. i In the matter of voting on measures the reactions are, 1 very different. There the people make a genuine effort to stu ? dy the proposals and to-compare the arguments; Often emo ! t'onal appeals are made on both sides of these questions. But ! as a general rule the voters are more inclined to use the brains I they have when they vote on the measures than when they ! pick candidates where they must respond not only to argu- ments tut to personalities. ! . ; All of which sums up to this : don't be too conceited when ! - you 'cast your vote, and brand the guy at the other end of the block as "unintelligent . The Tare specimen. Milk Murmurinors ltO milk has been spilt, and lj some cryinr going on. There is an undercurrent of oppo sition to the raise in price ordered by the milk board, ex pressed by an appeal to the court. Suppose we review the milk history of recent years. j In 1931 the dairy cooperative was formed, at a time when dairying was in a bad slump after long years: of reasonable prosperity. The producers complained they were treated un fairly in the handling of "surplus" and that they had no way of telling what proportion of their milk really was surplus. A brief but tense milk strike was ended by a victory for the co operative, which has since disciplined the dairy business ef fectively in the Cortland-Salem area. j In 1933 a legislative act created the milk control board with authority to,xegulate the industry over the state, fixing quotas and prices and regulating the handling of the sur plus from producers of fresh milk. This board fixed the mar gins for distributors and for stores handling fresh milk. Its powers have never been fully tested in the courts ; but a New York milk control act was sustained by the U. S. supreme court. : '' ' : ' ' ' - . "r Under the operation of the law the dairymen have pros pered. How much of the improvement is due to the law, how much to the powerful cooperative, and how much to improve ment in conditions and increasing demand for milk we can not say. But we observe two items which are not without sig nificance. One is that a large chain grocery. in Portland has installed its own milk plant. This is evidently its answer to the fixed margin requirement of the state board ; it goes intojhe pasteurizing and bottling business itself, buying milk from the producers instead of bottled milk from the distributor dairies.. - ' . The other is the threat of a "consumers cooperative." A Portland group of consumers proposes to form a cooperative dairy with distributing depot. Whether, the idea will be put into practice, and if so whether the cooperative would suc ceed we do not know. ' j; i s- But these developments or projects indicate the truth of a point frequently reiterated in this column, that in the field of economics nothing may be-regarded as static. The invent ive mind, working in mechanics or in the law, will constantly make effort to work out some improvement in terms of their own interest. The producing dairymen have to face this fact the same as operators of stores, of factories and of transpor tation agencies. ' - The Pipeline Contract M ONDAY night the city award the largest contract e a : : 1: lur cuusn acting uue ptpcuue iui me ai sjsicui. i c - can think of no other job in the city's history running to so much money save the deal for the purchase of the water plant. With so much money involved the temptation is bound to be strong for exerting ulterior influence to swing the con tract. ' -... ' , - ... :' T-:-. ,;- : Saturday The Statesman was informed on very reliable authority in no way connected with the city! government or any of the interests involved that an agent of special interests (not a member of the council) was prepared to distribute several thousand dollars among councilmen, and that certain "deals" had been made. We realize fully the' gravity of these charges ; but connecting them with other facts learned from independent sources we incline to give them credibility. Therefore we publish this warning both to the private interests concerned and to the councilmen as! welL Let there be no corrupt influence in the awarding of the waterline con tract. The city council and mayor have only, one interest to serve, and that is the . interest of the people of Salem. Select for the material for. the line that which will give the best ser vice at the lowest cost for the longest period of time. A few thousand dollars for the initial cost is not the determining factor but the computation of cost over the life span of the material used. The council must make the decision ; let them do so with an eye single to the public interest - The water project promises to stand as a fine memdrial for this city administration, an achievement for which every individual who cooperated may well take pride. Let it not be sullied by corruption ; for the scourge on the offenders will be merciless. 1151 Editored anagtr Utnaglng-Editor. "intelligent voter is a very . no blood either, but there is t council in all probability will in the history of the city, that il. ..i.w vs. txr. Bits for Brcdcfest By R. J. HENDIUCK3 Medare O. Foisy - . first practical printer ,: fa Oregon, leading pioneer: does his house still stand? i 'V S S i : M Tala letter came to the writer's desk: from -James T. Matthews, Willamette " Unirersitr, Salem, Oregon, Oct. 8: 5 .-v "Can 70a answer this question? Perhaps 70a would like to write a column about this man: "Is the Folsy home still standing- on French Prairie west of Ger- rais? I mar not hare the name Foisy, . Folsey. Medora, Medorra Foisy. It Is something like that. For you I think the cine is iuf ficlent." ' .. Thanks to"Prof. Matthews. Of course, the compliment is apprec iated, it so happens that this col umn containeda series on Medare G. Foisy taking up fire issues. March 20-24, 1935, so part of the answer is easy. ' The series was largely made' up of a tribute to Foisy by Willard H. Rees, 1844 corered wagon Im migrant, who became prominent' in pioneer Oregon, a resident of the lower French Prairie section near Butteville, builder of the St. Louis Catholic chnrch, secretary of the Oregon Pioneer association, etc., etc. Rees and Foisy had made mutual promise that whlcherer died first the other would write his obituary. This was at Oregon City, while Foisy was serving in the memorable 1845 provisional government legislature. Foisy died June 11, 1879, on his French Prairie farm, and so the pledged duty fell to Rees. Very briefly: Foisy was born in Quebec, Canada, in 1816. He was apprenticed to a printer at 18. The business of the office was In the French vernacular, while he long ed for an opportunity to improve his English, having for a short time attended an English school in Vermont. " - Accordingly, at 21, he traveled to Louisville, Kentucky, to'. Join printer friend there, and, soon went to St. Louis. Mo., where he worked for Mr. Chambers, editor of the Republic of that city, which had been started in 1835, and has long been the great newspaper of that section. ' j In 1844 he surrendered his type case" for a iurney to the ulti mate west. s -: He traveled with Rer. Joset and two other Jesuit fathers, going to the Flathead country, - and from there Toisx made his way to the Spalding mission at Lapwal. among the lower Ne Perces. In the fall of 1844, Foisy was engaged by Rev. Spalding to pat in order the little printing press and cases of type which the Amer ican Board mission had sent from Hawaii in 1839 by E. O. Hall, the first of all men having a slight knowledge of the printing trade to come to the Oregon country. Rees said Foisy "did the first printing for the Nei Perce mis sion,, consisting of school books. portions of t h e New Testament and hymns, all in the Nes Perce language, from copy by Mr. Spald ing." He added: "This was the first printing performed by a practical printer west of the Rocky moun tains and north of the Mexican republic." : S S Mr. Rees said Foisy - reached French Prairie in December, 1844. and the following spring was el ected a member of the legislative committee from Champoeg (now Marion) county, which convened at Oregon City June 24. 1845. Wrote Rees: "It was at this session that the amended organ ic law was drawn up and passed, authorizing the election of a gov ernor instead of the old executive committee. "The legislative committee then adjourned for one month in order to submit the proposed system of government to a vote of the peo ple, and which they adopted by a majority of 203. (It was 233. the vote being 255 ayes to 22 nays.) S y "Mr, Foisy served during the remainder of this adjourned ses sion . . . He was also member of the first annual session' under the reorganised government, which convened December 2. 1845 . . . . After the close of the first an nual session under THE NEW OREGON REPUBLIC, for such It was. Mr. Foisy . i . joined a party going overland to California." . . B He had decided to revisit St, Louis; but the party he joined (In the spring of 1856) found the 1855 Rogue River Indian war still going, and it was attacked by the hostiles and one man killed and several wounded. !- V And when he reached California he there met the northern limits of the Mexican war and took -an active part in the Sacramento val ley and the bay region around San Francisco. He accompanied a troop sent by John C. Fremont to open com munication with Monterey, where Commodore Sloat had previously hoisted the American flag. S V At Monterey he spent some of the most eventful years of his very eventful life. He enlisted as a soldier; acted as Interpreter with the land and marine' farces of the United States; became al calde at Monterey; worked on the first English paper published In that city which was five times cap ital of a different government. V As soon as peaee between the United States and" Mexico was de clared, in February, 1848, Foisy, still anxious to reach St. Louis, sailed from Monterey oa the ship Aneta, bound -lor Central Amer ica; the vessel putting Into the harbor of San Bias, Mexico and while there the port was block aded. V. -1. .-.: rt He was detained :: there until taken off under protection of the American flag by Capt. Bailey, of the U. 8. navy, and taken to Monterey. (Concluded on Tuesday.) , On &e By DOROTEIY THE RELIEF PROELEir" Governor Landon' criticism of the relief administration rests upon ten point. They are as fol lows: a? no census hag been taken and the Adminlstratf o a does not even know- its own problem. .(2) Relief money la being used to build up a poli tical machine. (3) The relief client are sep- OecMsy !. arated by a pol icy of work from the normal body of employed people.- (4) Crack ing down on business has created an uncertainty which hinders re employment. (5) Relief, which is a temporary problem, is treated as a permanent one. (6) The country Is kept in the dark re garding the apportionment of ex penditures, despite demands that the figures be published. (7) Re lief money has been used for so cial experiments. (8) The Fed eral government has- sabotaged the attempt of the Pennsylvania State Senate to Investigate. (9) The cost of relief is growing and doubled per case between 1933 and 1935. (10) Not enough goes to the relief clients, too much to the "favored few." !-'.' . .The Governor's proposals to re form are as follows: (1) Find out the facts. (2) Return relief to the states, with the states de ciding what work relief projects, if any. shall be used. (3) Fed eral grants in aid to the states, providing they contribute a "fair proportion of the funds" and "qualify by complying with cer tain i reasonable conditions. (4) All relief officials held to strict accountability. (5) All who are engaged, to be selected on the basis of merit and fitness. ( 6 ) More aid to those seeking jobs in private employment. (7) Special training tor those long unem ployed or : ill-fitted for employ ment. , (8) Federal public works undertaken on merit and not con tused with relief. . "I am' opposed to relief labor at relief wages for the construction of such works." When the Governor promises to free relief from partisan poli tics and return its administration to the states, with grants in aid providing that tbe local adminis trations conform to certain rea sonable conditions, one wonders precisely how he is going to ac complish this aim. There ia no reason to-believe that the mere decentralization of relief will take It out of partisan politics. On the contrary, the worst abuses of relief have come from local poli ticians. They are Mr. Harry Hop kins's perennial headache. Cer tain Democratic administrations have abused relief (And possibly some Republican.) Mr. Hopkins has fulminated but the Democrat ic machine will not let him em broil its henchmen fn scandals. So things are hushed up But simply passing the- Administra tion back to the states will do nothing to mitigate this sort of thing. Grants In aid on condi tion that local administration con form to certain reasonable quali fications Is the way the present system of relief is administered. The point at issue Is what are "reasonable conditions." And these are not stated by the Governor.- Relief money has been used to make social experiments. In pro-ductlon-for-ase, tor Instance. Also, there was originally a strong desire on the part of some mem-, bers of the relief administration to use Its funds to raise the wage level In certain states. It Is a very Questionable thing for a re lief administration to do. desir able as the objective is. Whether unemployment relief needs are temporary er permanent nobody knows. But they are certainly recurrent. As tor item , I doubt whether any administration would open its tiles In the middle of a' heated campaign to people whose Interests are frankly partisan. . . The suggestion that relief for the unemployed should bo co-ordinated with efficient public labor exchangee-Is excellent. Register ing for work with a public em ployment ' agency ought to be definition of unemployment and a condition of unemployment re lief. Ia this way one could find out how many people on relief are employable . and looking for jobs, when they worked last, and one could keep the' record month by month. But If Governor Lan don Is elected and tries to do this, he will run up against pow erful trade union opposition, for the unions want a labor short age not a labor surplus. That pressure explains the present gov ernment's failure to do this. -;. -. . T With Governor Landon's insist ence that Federal Public Works should be undertaken on their own merit and not doner by relief labor at relief wages, I am In hearty agreement. So, for that matter, Is Secretary Iekes. But that if It Is to be a means of counteracting unemployment in times of depression is not com- patible with balancing the budget at such times. Also, in order -to function, it would demand that public works should be planned in anticipation of crises, and planned by board of public ser vants and engineers as divorced from politics as Is the war col lege. Then, when It became ap parent that unemployment was beginning these works, already carefully planned, could be put Into Immediate operation, absorb ing labor as It comes on the mar ket and before It Is subjected to paupers' tests. But that kind of action requires social planning, and the Republicans shy at the word. One cannet devise works of the kind when the crisis Is al ready upon us. That Is the rea son why Mr. Ickes was forced to yield - to Mr. - Hopkins and the boondogglers. , . e e The reason why the cost of re lief par ease , doubled between 1933 and 1935 was that in May. 1935, the Administration shifted Record THOMPSON . from home relief, which was cash and groceries, te work . relief, which, was wages and materials. It costs about twice as much to put a man to work as It does to maintain him la idleness. The community does, however, get some return from his work, and the work certainly contributes to his morale, in spite of the red tape and investigation which sur round it, and the peculiar wage conditions which set him In a sep arate categoryt from the rest of workers. This point was well ta ken by the Governor and Is worth much thought. I believe that both the country and the worker would get better returns from work re lief, and would get them In a better psychological atmosphere. If the work, which for the most part is of the kind normally un dertaken by states, counties, mu nicipalities and towns road building, flood control, drainage projects, park extension, repair and embellishment of public buildings .were administered by the localities and voted by them in the manner of . normal times. It would also be good for the lo cal governments to have the re sponsibility, and good for the av erage citizen, who can only tunc tlon personally in the smaller civic unit. " ' : The whole relief situation is a mess. The public not on relief is generally hostile, without very definitely knowing why. In spite of the corps of press agents at tached to every branch relief ag ency, the public Is certainly not "sold." And the fact in Itself is a criticism of the relief methods. For it depends upon the public purse and it must have public sympathy. But we will get. I think, nowhere, by investigations of a Democratic program by Re publican state legislatures. That simply sinks- the whole program deeper into partisan politics., Our hope lies in a non-partisan approach at the outset. . . . I urge the' League of Women Vot ers and the Federation of Wom en's -Clubs, who have done so much for the cause of Civil Ser vice, to-make an organized insist ence that our next President, whoever he may be, appoint a National Commission to make a survey of the relief and unem ployment problem, analyze the present means of meeting it, and bring forward propossls for a pol icy. The commission would have to include Important members of all political parties, . representa tives of the trade unions and bus iness, and the most competent citizens who can be drafted for the Job. It ought to be given plenty of tinw a year perhaps and It ought to have access to all tbe books, and power to call witnesses. It might Investigate what other countries have done and what results of their poll cles have been. Its investigation. I believe,, should proceed without publicity, until the report is ready for publication. Then let us have the report. In full detail, and over the signatures of the members of the commission. After that we may have a clearer idea of how best to proceed. Since all par ties are committed in principle to a relief program with Federal funds, it ought to be possible to secure agreement on a procedure. Editorial Comment From Other Papers MOTT IS RECOMMENDED As a member of congress, James W. Mott has rendered com petent service to Oregon first dis trict and it la our opinion that he should be preferred over E.- W Klrk Patrick, of Clackamas coun ty, his democratis rival. We have ne illusions about Mr. Mott. He has many "failings," chief of which ts that he la a confirmed ''opportunist. His maneuvers to win Towasend group favor with out losing favor with other groups have not been pleasing. He Is not statesman; he Is .a very prac tical politician. But he is, per haps, for this, reason, 'a very ef ficient representative at Washing ton. He la diligent to give serv ice to, the "folks back home. He la an experienced legislator and he knows how to get things done ia the labyrlnthan mazes at Wash ington. - He has worked like a beaver for roads, harbors and Im provements of all kinds. Particu larly Important has been his work to preserve the O. & C. funds. It would not bo practical to change. Eugene Register Guard. : Ten Years Ago October 18, 1026 " Portland chamber of commerce will, cooperate with Salem cham ber of commerce In securing con tracts for the growing of 8,000 acres of beets next year. Malor C. A. Robertson. 12 years resident of Europe, spoke oa conditions in Russia at cham ber of commerce yesterday. Mrs. Elizabeth Engel, 72. was Instantly killed when she walked in front of a northbound South ern Pacific train here. Twenty Yews Ago October 18, 1910 Seven persons, entrapped when New York dye plant destroyed, lose lives in flames.' I. L. Patterson will help in getting the ,Polk. Marion county bridge across the river. . England pats burden upon U. S. pending American attitude will make no representations about U- 53.- ' - - , '-- ". . "v- f- " , , r . r ;" f - - :" . '' ' -'- " - V--' ' ; , v " . " -' ' . , 1 - " . . - " . - -' ; ..- ,. . ','- .. t ' , - - ' i -- -' ' - . " - : . .. . . "' '' cK;y tVr.s - -iiw;? gat,. m 7h Can't Happen Here7' SINCLAIR LEWIS "Look here, Karl: you've al ways said the difference between the Socialists and the Communists was that yon believed in complete ownership of all means of produc tion, not Just utilities; and that you admitted the violent class war and the Socialists didn't. ThaUa poppycock! nfce real difference Is that yon Communists serve Rus sia. It's your Holy Land. Well Russia has all my prayers, right after the prayers for my family and for the Chief, but what I'm Interested In civilizing and pro tecting against its enemies isn't Russia but America. Is that so banal to say? -Well. It wouldn't be banal for a Russian comrade to observe that, he was for Rus sia And America needs our prop aganda more every day. Another thing: I'm a middle-class Intell ectual. I'd never call myself any such a damn silly thing, but since yon Reds coined it. I'll have to ac cept it. That'a my class, and that's what I'm interested In. The pro letarians are probably noble fel lows, but I certainly do not think that the interests of the middle class Intellectuals and the prole tarians are the same. They want bread. We want well, all right, say It, we want cake! And when you get a proletarian ambitious enough to want cake, too why. In America, he becomes a middle class Intellectual just as fast as he can if he can!" , "Look here, when yon think of 3 per cent of the people owning $0 per cent of the wealth "I don't think of It! It does not follow that because a good many of the intellectuals belong to the 97 per cent of the broke that plenty of actors and teachers, and nurses and musicians don't get any better paid than stage hands or electricians, therefore their in terests are the same. It Isn't what you earn but how yon spend it that fixes your class .whether you prefer bigger funeral services or more books. I'm tired of apol ogizing for not having a dirty neck!' "Honestly. Mr.' Jesaup, that's damn nonsense, and yon know It!" -. - - ... . . . "It Is? Well. It's my American covered-wagon 'damn nonsense. and not the propaganda-aeroplane damn nonsense of Marx and Mos cow!" Oh. you'll Join us yet. "Listen, Comrade Karl, 'Win drip and Hitler will join Stalin long before the descendants of. Dan'l Webster. Ton aee, we don't like murder as a way of argument that's what really marks the Liberal!" About his future Father Pere- flxe was brief r "I'm going back to Canada where I belong away to the freedom of the King. Hate to give In. Doremus, but I'm no Thomas a Becket, but just a plain scared, fat little clerk!" The surprise among old ee- acquatntenanees was Medary Cole, the miller. A little younger than Francis Tasbrough and R. C. Crowley, less Intensely aristocratic than those noblemen, since only one genera tion, separated him from a chln- wlskered Yankee farmer and not two,, as with them, he had been their satellite at the Country Club and, as to solid virtue; been presi dent of the. Rotary Club. He had always considered Doremus a man who, without such excuse as be ing a Jew or a Hunky or poor, was yet flippant about the sanct ities of Main street and Wall Street. They were 4 neighbors, as Cdle'a "Cape Cod cottage" was just below Pleasant Hill, but they ' had not by habit been droppers-la. Now, when Cole came bringing David home, or calling for his daughter. Angela, David's - new mate, toward aupper time of a chilly fall evening. -lie . stopped gratefully for a hot rum punch, and asked Doremus whether he really thought inflation was "such a good thing." r Think Hard, Mr. Twenty He burst out. one evening, Jes sup, there isn't another person in this town I'd dare say this to, not even my wife, but I'm - getting awful sick of having these Min nie Mouse3 dictate where I have to buy my gunnysacks and what I can pay my men. I won't pretend I ever I cared much for labor un ions. But In those .days, at least the union members did get some of the swag. Now it goes to sup port the M.M.'s. We pay them and pay them big to bully us. It don't look so reasonable as It did In If 36. put, golly, don't tell any body I said that! And I Cole went off shaking his head, bewildered he who had ec statically voted for Mr. Wlndrlp. jllow to End Crime On a day In late October, sud denly striking in every city and village! and back-hill hide-out, the Corpos. ended all crime ia America forevef-, so titanic a feat that It was mentioned In the London Times. Seventy thousand 'selected Minute Men, working In combina tion with town and State police officers, all under the chiefs of the government secret service, ar rested every known or faintly sus pected! criminal In the country. They, were tried under court-martial procedure; one In ten was shot immediately; four In ten were given prison sentences, three In ten; released as innocent . . . and two In ten taken Into the M. M.'s as Inspectors. There were protests that at least six in ten had been Innocent, but this was adequately answered by Wind rip's courageous state ment : I "The way to stop crime Is to stop It!" x The next day, Medary Cole crowded at Doremus, "Sometimes I've felt like criticizing certain features of Corpo poMcy, but did you see what the Chief did to the! gangsters and racketeers? Wonderful: I've told yon right along what this country's needed is a firm hand like Windrlp's. No shilly-shallying about that fellow! He saw that tbe way to stop crime was to just go out and stop it!" Then was revealed the New American Education, which, as Sarason so justly said, was to be ever ee much newer than the How Educations of Germany, Italy, Po land, or even Turkey. The authorities abruptly closed some scores of the smaller, more independent coSeges such as Wil liams, Bowdoin, Oberlln. George town Aatioch, Carleton. Lewi In- stitute Commonwealth, Princeton, S wart hm ore. Kenyon, all vastly different one "from another but alike In not yet having entirely become machines. , Few of the state- universities ' were closed; they were merely to be absorbed by central Corpo universities, one in each of the eight provinces. But the government began with only two. In tbe Metropolitan District, Windrip University took over the Rockefeller. Center- and Empire State buildings, with most of Cen tral Park for playground (exclud ing the general public from It en tirely for the rest was an M.M. drill -ground). The second was Macgoblin University, In Chicago and vicinity using the buildings of Chicago and Northwestern un lvserltles. and Jaekaen Park. President Hutch ins of Chicago was rather unpleasant about the whole thing and declined to stay on as an assistant professor, so the authorities had politely to ex ile him. Each of the two pioneer uni versities started with an enroll ment I of fifty thousand, making ridiculous the pre-Corpo ecnools. none of which, in ItSS, had had more than thirty thousand stu dents;. The enrollment was prob ably, helped, by. Jthe tact that any one could enter upon presenting a certificate showing that he had completed two years In a h 1 g h school or business college, and a recommendation f r o m a Corpo commissioner. - One! Dr. Macgoblin' pointed out that this founding of entirely new un iversities showed j the enormous cultural superiority of the Corpo state to the Nazis, Bolsheviks and Fascists. Where these amateurs In re-civilization had merely kicked out all treacherous so-called "in tellectual" teachers who mulishly declined to teach physics, cookery and geography according to the principals and facts laid down by the political bureaus, and the ?CazI had merely added the sound measure of discharging Jews who dared attempt to teach medicine, the Americana were the first to start new and completely - ortho dox institutions free f r o m the very first of any taint of "intel lectualism." All Corpo universities were to hare the same curriculum, entire ly practical and modern, free or all snobbish tradition. - Entirely omitted were Greek, Latin, Sanskrit. Hebrew, Biblical study, archaeology, philology; all history before 1500 except lor one course which showed that, through the centuries, the key to civilisation had been the defense of Anglo-Saxon purity against barbarians. Philosophy and its history, psychology, economics, anthropology were retained, but. to avoid the superstitious errors In ordinary textbooks, they were to be conned only In new books prepared by able young scholars under the direction of Dr. Mac goblin: Students were encouraged to read, speak and try to write mod ern languages, but they were not to waste their time on the so-called "literature;" reprints from re cent newspapers were used la stead of antiquated fiction and sentimental poetry. As regaTds English, some study of literature was permitted, to supply quota tions for political speeches, but the chief courses were In adver tising, party journalism and busi ness correspondence, and no auth ors before 1800 might be men tioned, except Shakespeare and Milton. . , In the realm ef so-called "pure science," it was realized that only too. much and too confusing re search had already been done, but no pre-Corpo university had ever shown such a wealth of COUrsea In 'mintnr Mirlnptrlnr lakeshore-cottagt arch it e c t u r e, j. j . . . 1 . . uiuucin luieuiaiuuip ana produc tion methods, exhibition gymnast ics; the .higher accountancy, ther apeutics of athlete's foot, canning and fruit dehydration, kindergar ten training, organization of chess checkers and bridge tournaments, cultivation of will power, band music for mass meetings, schnauz-er-breeding, stainless-steel form ulae, ' cement-road construction, and all other really useful sub jects for the formation of the new-world mind and character. And no scholastic institution, ev en West Point, had ever so rich ly recognized sport as not a sub sidiary but a primary department of scholarship. All the more fam iliar games were earnestly taught, and to them were added the most absorbing speed contests In Infan try drill, aviation, bombing and operation of tanks, armored cars and machine guns. AH of these carried academic credits, though students were urged not to elect sports for more than one-third of their credits. - What really showed the differ ence from old-fogy Inefficiency was - that with the educational speed-up of the Corpo universities any bright lad could graduate in two years. , As he read the prospects for these Olympian, these Rlngllng. Barnum and Bailey universities, Doremus' remembered that Victor, Loveland, who a year ago had taught Greek in a little college called Isaiah, was now grind'-? ont reading and arithmetic lu a Corpo labor camp In Maine. Oh (Continued on page s)