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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1930)
PAGE SEC ChampoegH Rock of EhtrieNorthwest j becuon by BRIEF HISTORICAL REVIEW, CHAMPOEG, THE PLY MOUTH ROCK OF THE NORTHWEST , - JUDGE" PETER H. D'ARCY romance, trials and vicissitudes surround this historic spot! What grandeur , in contemplating the heroic conduct and sturdy patriotism of the pioneers of the Oregon country t, From 1830 to 1843 'Champoeg was the important set tlement of the Oregon country. The Oregon country consisted of the states of Washing ton; Idaho and parts of Wyoming and Montana west of the Rocky mountains and Oregon. A vast empire of territory. President Jefferson with a Ti- alon looking into the future, se cured the Louisiana Purchase and ' In furthering the idea what was necessary tor the welfare of the United States.-procured the serv ices of Lewis and Clark to explore the region of our nation west from Missouri to the Pacific ocean. This exploration was one of the reasons why the United States claimed the Oregon, coun try. Migration Goto Westward .. In . reading the history 6f the world, one is greatly impressed with the migration westward. The exodus of the Israelites from Eg ypt to the land of promise, the eruption -of thecrdes of the north, the Goths, the Huns and the Vandals, who overran the Ro man Empire, the invasion of Eng land by the Normans, the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers at Ply mouth Rock, the settlement of Virginia and Maryland and what was known as the Y.'eatern Re- aerre, Kentucky, Mississippi, Mis souri 'and what was particularly denominated the southern states, ihe migration to the Pacific coast from the Atlantic reaboard, and from the valleys of the Ohio, Mis sissippi and Missouri rivers, form some oftbe. great epochs In the world's history. In the migration to Oregon and the jiortnwest there Is a romance of enterprise, en deavor,' patriotism, adventure' and ambition illustration? the genius and pluck of the American- peo ple. . All Clashes Pioneers Those who came to Oregon as pioneers were composed of every elasi of people, almost all nation alities and religious belief. They came Irom wlat was known at that time as the eastern, middle western and southern states; from (Virginia and Maryland; from the Allejshenles, from the blue and green hills and vales of Kentucky and Tennessee. The, history of the world does not furnish anything t equal the dangers, uncertain ties and toil whieh surrounded the early pioneers to Oregon, ex cept the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers at Plymouth Rock, and those who settled rn the pathless m ild of what was .in early days termed the. eastern, middle, west ern and southern states of this continent. . ' . The migration of the Israelites 'from Egypt to the land of Can tan was not like the early migra tion to this country. They traveled but one-tenth of the distance the liioneers did. It took 40 years to travel to their destination. They woro undergoing a pilgrimage In order that they might be capable et self-government, intelligent, self-reliant men.. Had all the char acteristics and Qualifications of ; men capable of forming the best kind of a government Ilarbarian Not These Men! The migration of the Goths, the .Vandals and the Huns, the inva sion of England by the Normans were of a different character from tat of the settlement of the Ore con country. The Normans, it is true, brought civilization, such as ft was, to England, and Norman cent effect upon the English peo ple. With the exception of tho Rormans, these people were rude and uncultured barbarians.. They were all warlike and fierce races, who carried everything before them, by the prowess of their arms. Such was not the case with our pioneers. While they were ready, willing and able to defend them aelves and families, they were ac tuated by a spirit of peace. De scended from hardy and sturdy races, they had all the elements that make a good and strong gov ernment. They were animated by the same spirit which prompted the Pilgrim Fathers to lah-d upon the inhospitable shores of the At lantic ocean, the cavaliers in Vir ginia, the Burghers in New Am sterdam, (New York), the Qua kers in Pennsylvania, the Cathol ics In Maryland, the Hugenots in South Carolina. U. S. Claims Digested It is propei briefly to refer to the claim of the nited States to the "Oregon country.' At the titue the early' emigrants came to the Oregon country; they found an organization known as the Hudson Bay company strongly en trenched and assuming to. govern and direct the destinies of the northwest. Its principal business was hunting, fishing and traffick ing in pelts of wild animals. The Hudson Bay company, was con stituted by Toyal charter given by Charles II on the ICth of May, 1670. ;; At the time of the early settle ment of the Oregon country, this eomjany assumed a sovereignty iver the Pacific northwest second anly to that of the king of Eng land. It had become enormously rich, and was filled with the ar rogance and power that , riches ometimea "brings, i " .-; It had absorbed all the other !ur trading companies,, which had undertaken to do business in tho northwest, and was in control. The chief factor and head of this powerful - organization waa s Dr. Jolui McLoughlin, who waa a re markable man in every way; In telligent and able. If his lot had been cast ia a civilized commun ity he would have filled conspicuous-positions of trust and hon or. His diplomacy and honesty of purpose were constantly "called on in dealing with the rights of the company. He, bad a high sense t honor and his integrity was eldPlym Judge D Arcyj V" beyond Question. He took care of, fed and clothed the destitute im migrants after their long trip across the plains. ; ' : Pour Claims to. Trade The claim on the part of the United States to the Oregon coun try was based on, first, our claim by right of discovery; second, ear ly settlements in the Oregon conn try; third, the Louisiana pur chase .(contiguous territory); fourth, - the" Spanish treaty of 1319. :. . . .- The discovery of the mouth of the Columbia river by Captain Robert Gray on the 11th day of May, 1792, was one of the real and Just bases of our claims to the Oregon country. . It was ex plored from its .head to the. mouth of this river by Lewis and Clark in 1804 and 1805. A set tlement of Americans was be gun at Oak Point In . 18&9, a fur trading fort was built by Americans on Snake river tJn 1810, and Astoria was founded by John Jacob Astor in 1811; was captured by the English in 1813 and " restored to the United States in. 1818, thereby acknowledging the right of this country to this territory. Finally by agreement between England and America, the 49th parallel as far west as the Rocky Mountains became the border line. It was claimed by reason of the Louisiana purchase (1803) that the contiguous terri tory belonged to the United States and in the treaty with Spain in 1819 we became the owners of the Oregon country, particularly when Spain was afterwards limit ed on the north to 64 degrees and 40 minutes. Joint Occupancy Allowed From 181S to 182S by treaty the United States and England occupied the Oregon country by what was known as "joint occu pancy," and this Joint occupancy was continued until the 15th of June, 184S, when the disputed boundary line was finally adjust ed. From 1818 up "to 1843' "joint occupancy" was the law so far aa Oregon was concerned, but "Eng lish occupancy" was the fact. The immigrants from 1838 to 1843 ha dpetltioned and memor ialized congress and the govern ment at Washington to assume some control of the Oregon coun try, but their cry for help and protection was not listened to. The country during this period was engaged in a struggle that af terwards culminated in the Civil War. The contest over the ques tion of slavery was so strenuous that the Oregon question was overlooked except so far as it might assist in or interfere with this system. Even at this early period of our history, the slavery question entered into all matters in the acquiring of new territory. The Oregon country. In spite of the representations that It was a splendid section for settlers was not kindly considered to be ac quired by the United States. Among the few friends that Ore gon had In this struggle were Senators Benton and Linn. They comprehended the worth of this section of the United States, and fought manfully to stcure the as sistance of the government in be half of the people of the Oregon country "Wolf Meeting Held . While the people of the Ore gon country had frequently en deavored : to bring about some kind of government for them selves, having had. meetings known as "Wolf Meetings" off and on from 1841 to 1843, no ser ious action was taken until the second of February, 1843. On the first Monday of March, 1843, a committee of 12 was appointed to take into consideration the pro tection from beasts of prey such as bears, ; panthers, wolves, etc., and "consider measures for the civil and military protection of this colony." This committee was to report on the 2nd of May, 1843 at Champoeg. On May 2, the com mittee of it reported in favor of n provisional government, and the organization of the people so that they would be governed by th3 laws of the United States, and that this provisional government should owe its allegiance to this nation. May 2 the settlers met in mass meeting. Tho commute among 7 Oh, Boys! Bora's something new. Bring jew sweets for a real good bit to eat alter the show or dance to the new Coffee and Toasted Sandwich Shop The New Capitol Barbeque ' which wIH bo opened at She Ifew Salem Hotel on or hoot Jan. 4, 1030, under mv manageeat by" Fred -Stone, , the boy who knows bow to prepare tasty food : The JUDGE D'ARCY TELLS IN DETAIL STORY OF EARLY DAYS i i i T't . - t f -I Importance of Pioneers' Contributions full appraised; Lo cal attorney recites memorial events of early Oregon. other things, reported in favor of a permanent civil and political organization until such times as the United States should establish a territorial government. One hundred and two pioneers were present on this occasion. Joseph L. Meek, the famous mountaineer, trapper and hunter at this meet ing cried out in a loud and ringing voice: "Who's for ay divide!" and added; "All for a report of the committee and an organization follow me." Upon a count of the persons present it was found that 52 of them voted in favor of the report and SO in opposition. Thus was organized the first American government west, of the Rocky Mountains, and in conse quence thereof the whole "Oregon country, was' saved to the United States, and each one of tho states carved out of this section- had been added to the bright constel lation of stars which compose our glorious banner and signifies that they have become a part of our great country, owing allegiance to this republic and proud ot its development and growth. Meeting Crucial One This meeting of the pioneers of the Oregon country forms an im portant event in the history of pi oneer days. The provisional gov ernment thus adopted lasted from May 2, 1843 until August 14, territoral government from 1848 to February 14, 1851. at which latter date it was admitted into the union as a state. The or ganization of the provisional gov ernment on May 1843, gave addi tional impetus to the friends of the Oregon country who were de sirous ot securing it to the United States, also by reason thereof the United States acquired the annex ation of Texas in 184S, the ced ing of Mexico In 1848 ot the large extent ot territory composing the states of Colorado Nevada, :Ueah, Arizona and New Mexico. "54-40 Big Topic " The "Oregon Question became an important one in the presiden tial election ot 1844. The cry of "84-49 or tight," was the rallying one ot this election, which elected James K. Polk. One would natur ally thjnk that the demand would have been made for the boundary line to be established at that point, but no sooner had Presi dent Polk been inaugurated than it was advocated by him that the disputed line should be establish ed at 49 degrees, claiming that his" predecessors in office had em barrassed him to such an extent that he could not make any other claim. It is aggravating to think how little the early pioneers were assisted by this government, and how few public men favored the acquisition of the Oregon coun try. Senator Benton, with a prophet ic -vision, in a pubUe address at St. Louis, October 19, 1844, said: "I say the man is -alive, full grown and listening to what 1 say (without believing it, perhaps) who will yet see the Asiatic com merce traversing the North Pa cific ocean entering the Oregon river, climbln- T-.-ertern slope NEWS YEAR'S GREETING ' llninilri::fi 1 . ;, (I (j"(U) T ; . . 1 - . . -, - ' '. f v.," a . ' .-- ' .' . T 1 ) t 1 1 OIGbN;STA'nBSBIANr Salem -Ait V t y i t - ot the Rocky Mountains, issuing from its gorges and spreading its fertilizing streams over our wide extended union! : The steamboat and the steam car have not ex hausted all their wonders. They have not yet found their amplest and most appropriate theaters the tranquU surface of the North Pacific . ocean, and the vast in clined plains, which Bpread east and west from the base of the Rocky Mountains. The magic boat and the flying car are not yet seen upon this ocean and upon this plain, but they will be seen there, and St. Louis Is yet to find herself as near Canton as she is now to London, with a better and a safer route by land and sea to China and Japan ; than she now has to France and Great Britain." Were Jjoyml Americans Believing in liberty in its purest and best sense, they vera loyal and patriotic Americans. The di vine gift ot freedom was cherish ed by them with an intensity that time and distance from the cap ital of tho nation could not lessen, notwithstanding the fact that the national government was so tardy in recognising the value ot the Oregon country and extending its protection over them. The people realised to its fullest extent that therepnblic of the west was the most beneflcient nation ever es tablished, and longed for its pro tection. These pioneers, by the organization ot the provisional government in 184S, made It pos sible to secure the vast extent ef country which waa acknowledged as our tight by the treaty ot the GRAY BELLE 440 State St, Salem, Ore. s- New Year's Dinner 75c 75c OREGON TURRET DINNER DE LUXE $i $i Phone 33 for reseiratioaa Special - Oregon Wednesday Moraine 15tn of June. 1848. The victory obtained by the "embattled farm ers" at Saratoga, and the surren der of ornwailis at Yorktown. are no greater events than the peace ful victory obtained by out people In. the treaty which secured the Oregon country to this nation principally by the individual etr forts of our pioneers through the provisional government. "Peaee bath Its victories as well as war." As time goes on and our popu lation increases and we are fur ther removed from the important event ot May 2, 1848, the. cele bration of this day will be cele brated with an eclat; pomp and circumstance not realized by, our people at this time. What Ply mouth - Rock In Massachusetts, Jamestown In Virginia, and the landing at St. Mary'a in Maryland are - to the people , east.- of ; the Rocky Mountains, so the action of the grand old pioneers of '43 in inaugurating a civil ' government for their protection and in obe dience to their loyalty to the, no blest government that has ever been instituted among men, will be 'commemorated with more dis- play than it is possible tor me to describe:.- r; ""'-; ''"' Pioneers Effort Good Through the heroic efforts of our pioneers a great extent of territory was added to the United States by the treaty of June 15, 18 46, assisted by the subse quent admission of pioneers up to and inclusive of 1846. Without the action of the- pioneers on the May X, 1843, and the -organization-or a government to protect them, it would have been impossible for us to acquire this large section of country which was done by treaty on June 15, 1846. During the last session of the legislature of Oregon, it appropri-. ated sufficient money to purchase, enough land to make a bach of 103.76 acres now owned by the state of Oregon. In addition thereto some ten years ago a small and insignificant building was erected on the land pwned by the state in remembrance ot the pioneers of Oregon and their ac tion on the 2nd of May, 1843. Tho building is a disgrace to their memory and it is nothing more than right that the United States government by an appropriation by congress should build a build ing worthy of the efforts made by the Oregtm pioneers to secure to the United States the Oregon country, 1 .and prevent England from procuring it. It was through the efforts of the pioneers that this large extent ot territory was secured and should be gratefully remembered by a government which ought to take pride in what our pioneers accomplished. Many in Nameless Graves From 1830 to 1859, the expir ation of the pioneer period. It is estimated between 28,900 to 30, 000 emigrants were buried in nameless graves between Missouri and the Oregon country. At the first year ot tho celebra tion of Champoeg day there were about 250 people present. Last year, the 29th annual celebration, 2,000 autos and 10,900 people were in attendance. Judge Peter H. D'Arcy was born in Brooklyn, New York, on March 4, 18S4. His parents mov ed to California la 1811. and came to Portland la 18ST. Two years later they cam to Salem. and this city has - been Judge D'Arcv's home durinr. the rears since then. " 1 ..SJSaeBBBBBBSBBBBSBBSsBBaBBBBBBeaBBaBsl IT'S THE WATER -IT'S THE VIEW,- IT'S THE AIR Pur " r . . , ' , , i.e.- . J ... , . -i . - . '. 1 Jannary 1? 1930 Marked Ructuations Pre vail During 1929; Farm Relief May Help By 'johnpTgoughan Associated Press Market - Editor) : CHICAGO. (AP) Spec tacular changes in crop condi tions, wide priceufluctuatiqns, and ; extraordinary ventures vtfth gornment funds tell the grain story of 1929. It is one that long will be re membered in the grain trade and a continuance of -unusual conffP tions looms for T930 with a battle of giant economic forces, organ ized as never before,, in the off ing. Crop prospects are as likely, as ever, to undergo widespread sud den upsets, and with the outcome capable of being accurately proph esied by only the seventh son of a Seventh son. Large, Wheat Carry-Over Early last spring, May wheat was quite low because of a large carry-over. Talk of farm relief hoisted prices. But the pressure of actual wheat caused a decline below the dollar mark. During the summer there was a renewal of farm re lief talk. A good deal of specula tive and Investment buying' fol lowed. Then came reports of dam age to the Canadian crop and the price rose steadily until Chicago May sold at 1.64. Speculators Lose Millions Certain it is, board of trade officials said, that speculators carried the load during the heavy marketing period, and lost mil lions of dollars later when prices sagged heavily on account of im proved crop conditions in some countries. After the Federal farm board fixed certain basic prices on which it would lend government funds to cooperative agencies, a price upturn resulted, but the successive falls in the stock mar ket broke the Chicago December price to about 7 cents nnder the basic loan price. Russian Crop Small Confidence was restored by a department of agriculture state ment November If which said, in In bis youth ho worked In s, printing office, and earned his way through college by working at the printer's trade. For a short time he was editor of The Oregon Statesman. Ho was graduated from Willamette university in 1878, and was admitted to the bar In the same year. He engaged in active law prac tice tor many years, and has been active in affairs of Salem and the state. -He ia a Ufa member ot the Oregon Historical society, and was a charter member ot the Sa lem Chamber of Commerce. Pure Water - Wonderful Views - Pure Air - Good Roads i ' ' " ' Have You Seen the Dream Hduse on mm. Salem's Beauty Spot Open for public inspection every day; till Jan. 15th. Drive up today. Everybody likes Kingwood Heights, SaW lem's newest, and nearest residence suburb. - Just five minutes frbm-the heart of the:Capital City. Wonderful views in all directions. Natures own. Several Beautiful Hew homes nearing completion. CH KINGWOOD HEIGHTS C Salem will hare Fifty Thousand Population by 1935 Water - Wonderful Views - Pure Air - Good WATER effect, that all crops outside of Russia this year would he ' 830, 000,000 bushels less than . last year, and that, based on supply and demand wheat would sell 25 cents higher within the next two months. ' . i -;; , . : The season's loy on May wheat Was 81.21 . The low on May corn was 91 cents and the high $1,093-8, May oats 47 cents and 60 .cents. "Samuel P. Arnot, president, and other officers , of the ' exchange were congratulated on he smooth functioning of the grain market during: the stock market activity. Orders Rushed Through Two hundred million bushels of grain, 156,000,000 bushels of this being wheat, were handled in a single market day-of three and three-quarter hours : without : the ticker falling minute behind. One cable order for. more than a million bushels of wheat was received, executed and confirmed overseas in less than two min utes. President Arnot remarked, con cerning the futures. "It we are to accept the -views-of the department j of agriculture and the Federal farm board, then wheat prices will go much high er." --'. . Wheat receipts were In excess of the 35,028,000 bushels handled in 1928. Corn receipts were 69, 296,000 against 95.299,999 bush els last year, and oats 35,813,000 against 49,118,000 bushels. Decreases In receipts have been due to the overcrowded condition ot the- storage facilities. Hazel Green Has Many Visitors HAZEL GREEN, Dec. 31 Mrs. Tonj Kasper and children Caro line, Cecilia, James, Stella, and Baby were week-end guests of Mr. and Mrs. Maryszesli of Inde pendence. John Rutherford, who is 'at tending Oregon State college is spending vacation with home folks. Miss Carolyn Williamson and brother Victor visited relatives at Stayton Sunday. Guest at the W, G. Davis home ENGRAVING, CUTS, DESIGNS;DS7:GSr SCHOOL. ANMUALS Xfjp. PHONE 545. o. M rinr the iolidars. leavtosT Mow . . day -were their "daughter, - Mrs. George Dunnigan and smau wa - -i Billie : son-ln-la.w - and . daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Richard Slater and little daughter Shirley : Jean and Miss Wllma Davis all orcoquille. Ore. " '. - , : v ' : .l ........ . . w www fAPl James J. 0Shea, national Farmers union , Plans Livestock Sales Exchange ' , . - i - - . l . . "v '.- PORTLAND. Ore.. Dec. SI. secretary of the National Farmers' Union, said the union 'stands ready I to establish a co-operative live- stock commission house here if producers of Oregon and Wash ington will promise to patronise it. - , Establishment or ine commis sion house here was regarded as almost pertain by O'Shea, who plans to take charge of organiza tihn nrV in Washington and Ida ho, while L C Grimes, lirestodk marketing expert of the national . union, will be In charge of Ore- ; gon. ' " ' ' ' L.EGIOX BIEET DATES SET BAKER, Ore., Dec .31. l(iP) August 14, 15 and 16 have been, set as the dates tor the. American Legion's 1930 convention which will be held here. The announce ment followed a conference: be tween S..fL George,, department commander, and Carl R. Moser, department adjutant.- HILENE A wonderful Motor Lubricant plus Carbon Remover Costs No More Rock & Wenzel Ferry and High Roads