Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 29, 1925)
W THE; OREGON STATESMAN. SALEM. OREGON V THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBEIt 2M025 in - . - x r fii i" x -lis-. The R&maniie Story of SilV Grown Principally inlhe Orient ftvuoncenui uispiay i ouk.. yvunn uruwmg auu ilk WahulactuTin'at the Store of 'Kafoury Brothers in Salem; Attracting a: Great Deal bf Attention " (The. following article by Allen Abraham . Xaloury, appeared in receiit number . of : the Oregroa Maraziie, Saleni. under the head !, The .Silk Worm:!) h To be entirely clothed in silk is he desire of every American wo- mau"i3iateTer her financial posi tion; 7 1 : ; ; Ni vV ;- ' ;' V "You, should mark .your silk negligees ao that they will not be mistaken for mine,? says the mis tress to the maid. . Thia iv as it i Bnouia , oe, lor sue is weman s Allen Abraham Kafoury rightlal heritage. It was through V4man'a patience and jpersever anfe that Bilk' was liven to the world,and, Itwaa through Amer lcatn skill and ingenuity that silk eaa be-manttfaclured' jit such, low cofta that It . is now r within the purchasing radius of ven the slenderest parses. " Let ,mu first consider the be-glnningr-of silkt As far back as H 0 B. P.. we 'must go. to Si- admiring the beauty of the silken fabrics, : the empervr persuaded Si-Lin g-Chl to -take : some of the women 'Of the -- royal household into' her confidence and develop the product of the silk worm. ! Seeing that she was finding fa vor with hr iiubaud, she cbosa a ; few princesses to help her in the silk eulturei . These, .women carried:, the -tiny eggs in specially made pockets ori cells closes to their bodies-so that the .heat from them would help stimn late the life and hasten the hatching." ! When the worms were hatched they' were transferred with ' the greatest of care to clean warm yet -airy boxes and fed mulberry leaves every hour of the day and night till they were full-grown. ?. Tedious care ; - they required. but it was considered an honor to be allowed to help in the silk culture. Later , other - Chinese wre hired to do the , tiresome work,! hut the knowledge of the silk worm was kept a secret for many centuries. In, fact all the royal houses of Europe were en Joying silk -without any idea of how- the Chinese produced the threod with which to weave such wonderful fabrics." I said the roy- af houses of Europe,' for only such were allowed to wear it. Silk was for queens, and the favored ones of earth. ! During the sixth century two estorian monks "defied the Chi nese death penalty and carried eggs t to- Emperor Justinian of Stoma in' hollow pilgrim staffs, to gether with complete information of the silk inustry. For this they were richly rewarded. After thia the silk culture spread rapidly. The crusaders took the eggs to ; , 1 tThe SOk Worm Butterfly : ' (Drwiags by J. J. King, advert i.ing man- with Kafoury Bros.) IJnir-Cht.iTmnreHu' of 'China. Thif jroyal wife of the Emperor Huang Tiwas1dling In her oriental gar- Hen 'one day when she was at tracted to the beauty of the thread' ipua by te wild silk worms. She -began . watching tbem tn the mulberry trees,, and marvelled at the strange phenomenon of 500 nny ' worms , hatching from ' the Jegga of 'a butterfly. She watched khe;?feroc1ous eating "of these worms-and their rapid growth", for within S days they were dj in'ost - four; inches long "f and a Hiarter of an inch thick. Then hh -discovered they quit eating tltogether and ' began finding l omfortahle airy twigs to rest on. ifhere they, fastened) themselves tnd began forcing a thick liquid ram tibes on both sides of their ead. These filaments- joined and hrlod at once in the free circula- ion of air thai 4s essential to good iiikv:--' -(- ' - She watched these wonderful ittle .' beings f completely ' w.rP henselves ' in thread silk about :0q yards long. Then another netamerpbosis took ' place com- letlng the cycle; an opening was aten through one end of the lit- le silk honse, or cocoon, and, a utterfiy emergd, dried its wings- nd began again the business of yinj eggs. The. empress decided to rescue ome of the silk before all the iot ha mar gold; and- ut it into hort lengths, so she carefully nwound the silken :' thread and lewound Won smooth sticks?? Time isia. plentiful commodity ith the . oriental women, and earing comes, natural to their hng slender fingers, so with the atfence and; perseverance :that is at(ve to the orient she began coi fing the thread and weaving line hpestrles for ?the palace,- at , the am time Jealously guarding the pcret t th silk worm, i - When other royal women began X T; (jTQ O lj M Tcsttesjny ofOth?rs N py new book which may be i had FREE upon request, on LES and other Rectal and Colon da- - tiers, I have reproduced nearly 100 .ter from anong those received from y t kousands of patients. These ten you my y of theft" year of tunering of their yind home remedies and even opera- -nvand, finally, of their compute cure V mi NONSUKUICALmethod Hiese ? 1 h ate from in a sn4 woimi of r MU know. Yaa Vrii kuum t- nMlma tnt Boc wdv l can art France and England. Japan took up the culture, and Is today the leadine silk producer of the world. There were several attempts to raise silk in this country, but to bacco proved more profitable and easier to raise and so silk did not newish for long at any time In 1835 Cheney Brothers and other silk merchants were behind a inovement to encourage the cul ture "of silk in the south of this country. The silk was perfect. Even China and Japan with all their experience could, not produce a finer quality, hut the tedious labor, and the long hours of care required in the feeding of tb worms, and the unwinling of the delicate threads of silk from the cocoon required high priced labor in this country, while in Italy arid the orient it was' done for a few cents a day., put the American silk mer chants werenot to be beaten. If they could not compete with the old world in the raising of the raw materials, they, could at least sur pass them in the manufacture-of fabrics from the raw silk. So they; began contracting with the silk farmers' for the silk after it was unwound from the cocoons, and when It reached this country, on the most delicate of machines they produced the fine materials that we enjoy very day f amrics far. superior in every way to those the "orientals produced on hond turned machinery. " ' ' . '" ' For? the last three years, most of the silk from the orient has been brought across the - Pacific tp Seattle, andj from there sent to New York and Chicago by rail. Silk, the queen of fabrics, the gem of the orient, Is a very prec ious .cargo, and receives even more consideration than human freight.. 1 ., ?' J......,tr i Every time the all kia moved from the warehouses In China or Japan to tts destination In Ameri ca it is inspected by customs off! cera, sealed and, accompanied by armed guards. . . ne reason for this is better understood whenryou realize that a shipment Of silk is 5 valued in millions or dollars. The largest on record I believe was $12, 000,- wwu worm or raw silk, and it came across the Pacific, on one snip. .; . . . . i - -r - : 4 The high rate of interest, and the 4 heavy - insurance on silk. makes a very Important factor in us transportation. The , 89O0 raiies across the Pacific is covered la 1ft. day,.wkil it takes a -pas senger ship at least three weeks to come the same distance When' a" ship is piqked up by wireiess, an aeroplane goes to meet it. and bring hack th cus tom house clearance papers. By me lime tne srtk ship is ready to dock, the clearance- papers' are cuecKea, several -hundred steve- aoren are ready, vita, machinery to unload the precious freight, ufl, n amy 01 arjmea . men re waiting: in, cars: and aXxig the gangways. The . ailfe : U : alrady packed in .1 00 . pound hales, sewed i In matting. These are loaded on trucks and, mailed ta ' the train and again loaded on specially pre pared cars and started on the "see on lap of their eventful journey. Again the aeroplane goes ahead to complete the custom house clearance at New York, or where pverthe" destination ia, tor there must be ho delay even at the. end of the Journey. r , v When a; silk train is ready nsually about two hours after a ship la docked all the railroad systems give way to it. Speed limits are waived, and special trains , , must ' wait. : Each train travels under sealed orders with heavy cordon of armed men to guard it. Sixtyfive hours is all the time they are allowed to cross the continent, The fastest passen ger train takes 70 hours by law. These, special passenger trains rest on hidings to ! let the-wealthy monster -rush by. Men grumble at having to wait -while a mere ?f reightralu'V dashes recklessly by. --' ' ' - y -. Women , complain too, little dream ng that it Is. for their com fort that .these queer dark silk reefers' mUst have the right tt way, for it is the speed of these shipments, and the skill, and effi ciency of the: silk mills in the eastern state,' that ; make every American woman an empress and clothe her in the royal silk. A Wotlerful Display At the store of -Kafoury Broth ers, in Salem; there is now being displayed, in the east front show window, a wonderful exhibit "of silk worm breeding and raw silk farming and -silk manufacturing. - There is shown in the exhibit the display which Mr. Thomas of Scio had at the Oregon state fair a few weeks ago. The cocoons in this display are on oak tree leaves and boughs, seeming to in dicate that the silk worms have been feeding on these, leaves These cocoons of Oregon growth are as fine as the others in the display in 'the Kafoury store win dow. . . The others are from Syria, showing them on mulberry tree leaves and boughs, and from Ja pan, showing the natural colors of the cocoons. There is also a dis play of the Taw Silk In the natural color, before washing, from Syria. "dn the Japanese part of the dis pay all the grades are shown ffom the cocoon to the finest manufac tures of silk. First the cocoon Then the raw silk, the silk ready for winding,, then ready for spin ning; ready for twisting, ready for the dye house, etc. There is also a display showing the development of the silk worm loom me egg 01 tne siiK worm bhtterfly.all the way up to the silk worm In its wonderful cocoon. t Other Oregon Growers There are several other Oregon growers of silk worms, besids Mr. Thomas, whose display' is in the ir 1 . "'ry snow .window. A com- paay in the suburbs of Portland has undertaken the production of silk worms, and of raw silk, on an extensive scale. A number of farmers through out the Willamette valley have experimented with the silk wvnns. luej nave found out that we can grow the mulberry trees, on the leaves of which the worms feed, as well as they can oe produced in any country. With American enterprise and inventive genius on the job, there is nicely to be in the Willamette valley before very long a larre silk growing and manufacturing inausiry. Several Days Yet The display in the show win dow of Kafoury Brothers will be Kept intact; for several days, in order that every one Interested may have an opportunity tosee it 11 you have not done so, it will be wortn your while. tthe trees are not yet in full bear- lug, and very few nuts as yet reach the market. fj$ tv t What; we want Is more produc tion, to . establish marketing and quotations for .the Oregon nut, wbkh is far ahead of the import ed in every way," the latter being small, some without kernels' and all of doubtful age, and as soon as the haying public learns the su periority bf our nuts oyer those ot Europe, they will cut such a hole in the 25,000,000 pounds Import ed annually at present, that all we can grow! for years to come will meet a quick "demand. Get the Right Kind Prospective growers should be careful .to select the right varieties of nursery stock, such as will bear. Those without experience should be able to ascertain this from re sponsible nurserymen, or better from a grower who has plants for sale from a successful orchard. Remember that the filbert is a cultivated haiel and that the lat er grow here to perfection! If I should tell those fellows bick ln owa thatrwe use the, wild hazel for props for our apple and peach rees, some of which are tour inches in diameter and twenty feet high, they would likely accuse me 1 California tactics. Down j in southern California they grow most of our crops and more and they can dictate the price of walnuts, but they cannot on. filberts, as they were tried out there first and failed. It seems that filberts are grown more suc- :essfully along the Oregon coast and part! of Washington than In eny other place in the United States, which gives a huge terri tory to snpply. They are a long lived tree. Plant a few for old age and in the meantime help us to; Introduce OREGON'S BEST NUT. f H. G. OGDEN Dayton, Ore., Oct. 24, 1925. WE1VE A MONQMLaN THt IPEH1 'B.HSiiiy.siwsiftPt SM FILBERT IS on iTS EES TIT Y It Is an Industry That Is Being Overlooked by the Farmers of Western Oregon Tnere is no urop inai wui uedi More Regularly Two Bugaboos Are. Explained Away Our Big Filbert Importations - VI .JM I Filbert growing is an industry caned us look into these two so aerion drawbacks. The Phi E S S! II Splendid Showing Also Made by I his Cooperative Con ' cern on Other Fruits The Producers Canning and Packing kompany, with its can nery on North Commercial and Jefferson streets, is making distri bution to its members on the prune pool for the past season. The net returns are $58 a ton. or si. 44 a bushel. This means that the prunes of the members were canned and sold in the can on the market, and, after the ex penses of canning, including all overhead charges, were paid, there was left !1. 4 a bushel of sixty ponds to the growers; to the mem bers of the company who furnish ed prunes,. This cannery is owned and operated by the growers. It is a cooperative company made up of producers. The ruling price for prunes during prune harvest was $10 a ton, or $1.20 a bushel. A Splendid Six wing This make a most splendid showing lor the Producers com pany. The managers do not like to give Out total figures, but it is safe tb say that something above $20,000 Is represented by the prune checks. now going out. This same cooperative concern made a good showing the past season In: some of its other pools. For instance, It paid five and five- that is being overlookea by me farmers of western Oregon. There is no crop that will bear more regularly than the filbert. In the Eugene section, ever since the oldest orchard came into bearing 20 years ago, there has never been, a crop failure. s lu Salem, we have missed One crop, follow ing the 1919 freeze' when; the tem perature dropped to fi'om 11 to it degrees below zeio. Since it takes a temperature of colder than 8 below to injure the blos soms which are in full bloom from December 15th to March loth, and since rain or other weather conditions have no effect on the cropping of the filbert, we believe we are justifie in saying that the filbert is practically an annual bearer. We know of no ' other fruit that will stand in that class Also it comes into profitable bearing at from 5 to 6 years of age and increases in productivity until it reaches the 20th to 22nd year and will keep bearing heavy andj regular crops for 100 years and belter. There is a 30 Oacre orchard In Kent, England, that is 125 years old .and bearing profit able crops every year. A lroritalio Crop For the "last 12 ' years, the growers have! been receiving 25c a pound average price. Yields have been running from 2 On to 400 pounds an acre the fifth and sixth year, 800 to 1,400 pounds at 10 years, and a ton and better at 20 years of age. Following are the yield records of a filbert or chard. The fourth year, 200 pounds, fifth year 550 pounds, sixth year, 530 pounds; seventh year, 950 pounds (note the sixth year nursery stock was grown on the orchard trees, resulting in a cutting down of the crop). The seventh year crop was valued at $190 per acre. This orchard re ceived no special care outside of careful cultivation. The pruning was neglected. Our Filbert Importations Into the United States 20,000, 000 pounds of foreign filberts are ' imported annually. These nuts, while small and inferior in quality, are all sold without any advertising. It will take 10,000 acres of full bearing orchards to produce 20,000.000 pounds. We have 2000 acres of bearing and non-bearing orchards. Most of "our local nuts are being consumed by people who formerly ate few if any foreign filberts. So we be lieve we are justified in saying that there is a market for several times 10,000 acres of filberts. Two Bugaboos With the above facts before us, why are we holding back in plant ing additional acreage? Could it be two troubles which in them selves are neglible but which have been exaggerated until they seem to be insurmountable obsta cles to the growers? These two items are blight and hliirht is native to the western hazelnut, so Is eer present There is one way to avoid blight, namelv, plant good strong trees, plant them in rich ground, give them plenty of cultivation, aon t forget to hoe them and to sucKer them. In other words. Keep mem growing.- Neglect your .cultiva tion -and vour trees will surely get blight, the same as young Hve-stock-vthat are undernourished will fall prey to different diseases. Filbert trees four years old and older seldom ever have blight. Puckering; Simple Matter . The suckeriBg or removing of the filbert suckers is a very sim ple matter. They will pull orf very readily when they are five or six inches high. At that stage the yare not wdody. This process should be repeated three or four times or every time when the suckers get six inches high. This operation takes no longer than hoeing and can be done at the same time. But let the suckers grow until they are the size of broom handles and it will take a half hour to remove them and you will have just about ruined your tree at the same time. If the suckering is done properly each year, the tree will produce less and less suckers as it grows older. 1K Not Bother Older Trees Suckers and blight don't seem to worry the older filbert grow ers, in fact, nearly all of those whose acreage is bearing are planting more fillwerts. One grow er is doubling his acreage, which increase will give him one of the biggest filbert orchards in this section. We Have a Monopoly The filbert has a countrywide market. It can be grown 'only in western Oregon, western Wash ington 'and British Columbia. With this limited section to pro duce the filberts for the whole of North America, there should be no fear of overprouctron for years to come. In fact, we have a mon opoly on the filbert growing in dustry. HARY Li. PBARCY. Salem, Ore., Oct. 27, 1925. (Mr. Pearcy is a member of the firm of Pearcy Bros., Salem or chard experts and nurserymen, 178 South Commercial street. Bd.) hrgei, and covers .a wmer tv in the grove. flenty of PollenUer It there are any morals con tained in thin article, u wuui seem to me that they are that a filbert grove which Is not proper lv cross Dollinized wilt never bear paying crops (thia has oeen plow ed time and time again, so w"? let any one tell you differently? i tht the mere' presence ' of TolHn- izdng trees Is not sufficient they must also be large enough to car- i-v a laree amount of pollen; ana that in seleetlnit the variety of pbllinijr; where you have a choice between several varieties which are effective on the Barcelona, .h.-inoe tho variety which makes the largest tree in ordjer to as sure Yourself that you will get the said large amount of pollen. Do Not Delude Yourself And above all, do not take ad vice ffom people who to not have filbert eroves in actual bearing except it he'from such. authorities as tue UAU experts vu10 tl,.a specialized on tilbm.s 0r ,., agents who have dim, . Many "county agent 1,,.. taken1 the -time and trouhi ' evert; visit a filbert givve ti. advice, therefore, is worth ins.: If you want to Rh i..?,,,,, tlon on ; filberts, go to iLom. who have spent years or uk , lots ot money In lnvestigat iD R ". filbert frame, and wh'j have thing :tb show- that they huv. " tuallj learned something, i Above all, visit the 1 groves yourself, preferably -time ' when the nuts are on ; . trees or just befor,; or harvest. Remember. r,o otv going to protect your iiiv. . but yourself, and if y.,u .... .. yourself that you have fav;-...t conditions, or permit ynsr.,; ,,, suck for some one's f t;, t ! game, it is your own fault ti! tone else's . i BEX T. r!Oni:: Springfield, Or., Oct. 2h, eights cents a pound on its logan berry pool, and nine cents a pound the snckering habit of the trees on its strawberry pool. POLLINATION IS BIG THING IN FILBERTS (Continued from page 8) carry a fair supply of catkins. In the case referred to, his grove will burst Into heavy bearing about the year after next, as the trees are now making a rapid growth, and two feet adjded to three make five, and two added to five make seven, an a seven foot tree carries many times as. much pollen as a three foot tree. Not only that but the pollen is carried higher in the air as the tree gets TRYS JO WRECK TRAINS YOUTH ARTIESTET FOR PLAC ING SPIKES ON TItACKS The Willamette Valley! fo filberts, by H. G, Ogden, uaytorv uregon ' Editor Statesman: , anat the' ero wine of filhew. mrougnout this section will soon be one of our important indtmtri is my opinion after making a spe- "tr or growing them for the past 1C years. Tbey are not subicct to wirrtpr injury as are walnuts in some of the (lower and level locations, as evidenced after those three days or. ireaiusn weather Jn December iviv, wnich injured a number of waiaut trees' and killed about 100 Spit apple trees, whUe the filberts in, me same location showed no signi of damage te,-tbe trees,, but caused a very light crojt and strangely they are never dormant, as me catkins begin, to appear in late; July and remain until ma ture with the coming of new leaves fn the anr lair. Th W are harvested In early September when the weather is generally fine and the... grHa4 to condition to facilitate the. easy gathering ot the crop at : light , expense A few hours In the sun and they era be sacked up. requiriug.no artificial heat to. cure as does the walnut They begin to bear to pay at four years, with good ear and increase upj to probably '2ff years. Have gathered 2& pounds from a 16 year Barcelona.., Have never sold th .nuts for : Jess thau 24 cents wholesale!. At present few filberts are grevrn here, while considerable acreage has been planted durim the last two 'or . taxes, years,, but WESTPORT, Or., Oct. 26. (By Associated Press.) Edward Derosity. 11 5. son ofLa. St. Helens. Or., mill; worker, was arrested here today after' ft is alleged he had made twoHwnsocceesful at tempts to wrecklpassehgerytfains running between Astoria and Port land. The boy, authorities said, admitted j the act, - but could give no reason for it. Train No. 22, bound from As toria to Portland, struck an 1 ob struction on the track three miles above . Westport this morning. Examination disclose thy remains of a spike which had been driven between the adjoining ends of the two, rails and had been broken off when the train passed over it. pimn mam ... i- U s Brick Homes forAll That brick homes are not for the rich only is demonstrated again by this snug brick house designed and built by Alex H, Corbett, man ager of the Granger Clay Products Co., in Yakima. It is a hundred percent 'brick home and cost, including brick basement and walks, only $4,570; but eight percent more than frame construction. The home is 34K feet wide by 32 feetdeepv., containing a living room 1 by 24 reet good sired bedroom, breakfast room,' kitchen, bath, linen closet and porch. ) Four and five room homes can be built of brick . for but tittle more cost than frame and save much money for their owners m painting, repairs and neaung. ; cpKn EP bmck: home plan books Tb Home You Ca Afford, (63 riant) 10c Your Nest Home, (60 plana) 10c PoKpeid. Pacihc Nqrthvest Brick MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION 909 Lewis Buildiiiff, Portland SALEM BRICK '$: TILE CO. .,. ... Salem V f "'"Y " -5 - -.. . ' '.f K ' ' Go by train comfortable, on-time service every day. y Lv. Salem Ar. Portland 6:41 aim. . No. 16 . . ; 80 a-to. Delicious breakfast in Southern Pacific dining car. 9:33 a.m. . . No. 18 . . 110 sum. 1:25 p.m. . . No, 14 3:30 p.m. 5:3Sp.m. . No. 34 . 7:40pon. Sim liar convenient service returning.' AiJc agent Soetlhieirim PscnfiicMmicgs O." lu Darling, Agent,' Salem, or AJ A. Bllckel, D. vp. & P. A., 184 Liberty St. $2.20 Week-end fare $2.50 1 5 -day fare Stopovers on this ticket. THE STAPLES STORES STAND FOU QUALITY OF SERVICE , AXD MATERIALS AN ADJUSTMENT IS ALWAYS MADE WHEN A PATIENT IS NOT SATISFIED. OUR PRICES ARE THE LOWEST POS SIBLE CONSISTENT WITH RELIABIL ITY AND SERVICE. When You Think of Eyes Think STAPLES i Staples Optical Company 4 e , ' - .,.'." ..u.. . r.' - . Masonic Temole Building Salem. Oregon Give j Your Boy Genuine Watch CRUEH Penf4loVfmTin Of all things a boy can own, a good watch is most effective in teaching him the value of, property. Give him a genuine Gruen, He will be quick to appreciate its timekeeping accuracy, its beauty of design., the fine and .careful workmanship he knows instinctively must ! have gone into 5 the making of a watch like' this. ' -. '' The new Gruen Semi-Thin Junior, shown above, was made expressly for him. It is beautifully en graved in white or green gold filled case, an espec ially thin watch and extraordinary value--priced at $35.. ',- Come in and let us show you this new creatfon. : HARTMAN BROS. . i Jewelers- aad Silrcrsmllhs . . . State and Liberty Salem Oregon v i j .:.