Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 18, 1924)
TIIE OREGON STATESMAN, SALEM, OREGON THURSDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 18, 1924 MA GIDEON STOLZ CO. ' .: Manufacturers of .. v : dependable Brand . Ume-Sulphur Bolntlon I ' i Tfc brood jon can drpand. om for parity and teat. - ' Prices upon application " , J- ' ' Factory near corner of Summit and Milt St. :- , -"Salerno Oregon.' W Art Ont After Two Million ; We aro now paying over three qau-tcrs of a million dollars a year to -the dairymen of this section for. milk. . "Marion Butter" i, Is the Best Butter ? Mer Cows and Better Cowa - la the crying need MARIOfi CREAMERY & PRODUCE CO. Salem, Ore. Phone 2488 Next Week's ISlbgan Subie OUR GREAT CHERRY INDUSTRY THE SOLID PACK IS THE III H. A. Kerr of Dayton Has THE EVERGREEN BLACKBEfiRV GAME Wild Evergreen in a Way That Will Pay Well for the Labor and Make the Harvesting of Them a Less Heart breaking! Task He Thinks Evergreen' Growing Is Not Overdone EditdV Statesman: There' are numerous varieties of blackberries, but for me the Evergreen stands foremost. I have had considerable to do with Evergreens the past ten years, have found them to be. jl rv nrn. liftc. hardy berry, apparently thriving as well in a wild state as though cultivated, quality of soil being equal, j Thfpughoui this section of the Butter-Nut Bread The Richer, Finer Loaf CHERRY CITY BAKERY Ofir Iel: Our Method: 'The U,,t pnly"! Cooperation 4 Capital City j Cooperative Creamery .:-r-i .; -h , i A non-profit rrniiatioa owned sntiretjr by the dairymen. Giro u trial. v Uaaufictnrrr of Bnttcrenp Batter , "At your Grocer' Phone 299 137 S. Core'l St DIXIE HEALTH DREAD fin. -fit - - -. Ask Your Grocer For Years And Years The Statesman has been supplying the wants of the critical Job printing trade is I'roof positive we are printers of worth and merit. . .Modern equipment and ideas are th o ones that get 'by. Statesman Company Mione 23 or 583 213 8. Com! St. - F - - "' " . ...... r V Publishing i i. The Way to Build Patronize Devbted Selling Salem District is a Continuation of the Salem Slogan and !Ct Is i ' BI6 THEfiiG Found a Way j to Handle the I country there are few - cultivated fields but almost any quantity growing promiscuously. ! Kxprrlmentlng a Long Time My experiments are with and for the fellow who must endure them in his pasture. 1 decided long ago that the Evergreen, was a profitable berry' to" grow, so I begun to experiment ' with those large clusters of vines. As all know, where they grow in such clusters, old canes being allowed to accumulate, that it is very dif ficult to harvest ; the fruit. So I took a brush scythe, a - pair of pruners'and heavy leather gloves, nor did I forget those old para- fine.' panta, as the vines will not catch and hang to them. I cut and-dragged out all the old canes, laid the new onesr in rows, drove stakes and putt a pole along to hang the vines over, thus making runways through clusters, letting in light and sunshine, thereby in creasing the yield two or three times and making it possible to haryest the fruit. ' . Not Difficult to Do This may seem to some an end less task, but I found It not diffi cult to do if I could work at it at just the right time in the spring, and one Is more than paid for his labor. I mention this labor of caring for the Evergreens in their I wild etate because there are so many of them throughout the; country that could be handled profitably. The !extra quantity available would pay for the labor, besides the advantage gained in harvesting. Cultivation is not necessary, neither is it necessary to try to -save all the new canes. Last year I saw some vines where the berrie had dried up just be fore ripening. The seed cells turned brown aiA looked blighted, but 1 saw no such where the old canes had; been removed and vines trained. The trained vines looked dark and green and thrifty, whereas the others were lighter creen. '" . .;".' . Absolntely Solid Tack The Evergreen is probably the best known variety for canning and is, 1 believe, the only known variety that wilt make an abso lutely solid pack. What I mean by solid pack is that after twenty foiir houjra from the time " It is ooked. that the "end can be re mo v-rd from the can, juice. drained, and the berries; turned out In a pan will stand the shape of the can almost as firm as a cake of cheese. jThis is why the Ever green is a favorite with pieinak ers. v ,---..;. " The J'icific Northwest is per haps the pnly section of the coun try wherej this berry is known and thrives as well. J There lis some competition in the blackberry business with the Texas blaickberry but in thu east ern, markjets they pay fifty rents to a dollar a dozen more for the Kvergreen berry. i Solid nack makes the differ ence. j ' ; 'j j ' ' ' ' . 1 ' I believe as a "rule the Ever green berry cells for twenty-five tp fifty cents per dozen more in the eastern markets than does the loganberry. At present the black berry business is not overdone by any means. I have sold many car loads of fruits and berries in the eastern markets, also Port land. Seattle and San Francisco, but I never had any worry about Evergreen blackberries. It Is not ray business to j advise or even suggest what is j best to grown in The berry line. ' I believe every ING to Showing Salem District Pfebple the Advantages and Opportunities , of Thieir 0wn Couritiry ij Up Your Home Town Is to Your Home People This campaign of publicity for community upbuilding has been made possible by the advertisements placed on these pages by our public spirited business men men whose untiring efforts have builded our present recognized prosperity and who are ever striving for greater and yet greater progress as the years go by. j V j i r one should be fully persuaded, in his own mind, but for me I would grow Evergreens in jrich bottom soil and harvest a berry crop worth while. i H. A. KERR. ' Dayton, Or., Dec. 15. 1924 (In a private note to the Slogan editor, not meant for publication, Mr. Kerr says: "I am enclosing a short article for your Slogan is sue. I have spent a number of years growing small fruits and vegetables; have studied long and hard the best' methods of canning and operating canning ' machine ry; have been able to can the corn and tomatoca that make you sit up and take notice, also the logan berry with the taste, that j lingers, and the 'Oh you dill pickle,' but my hat is off to the staple sales of car lots of Evergreen blackber ries.') - ; ; The College on. Celery Heart Rot, Peach Tree Curl, To mato Masaic, Etc. (The following paragraphs are from a current bulletin of the department of industrial journal ism of the Oregon Agricultural college: ) j . Peach leaf curl is: destructive in Oregon where hot controlled. A thorough spraying o& peach trees any time during December or Jan uary with the right material will give perfect protection. Bordeaux mixture, recommended by the ex perrment station, is the most ef fective fungicide forj the purpose Oregon celery growers who have experienced trouble from heart rot or other diseases will probably have- an- increase in the trouble where leaves, trimmings. and unmarketable plants are left on the ground or worked into the soil. It ls chiefly in auch plant re mains that the diseases stay alive over winter - tp lmeci tne new planting. Wherever possible, land on which the disease has appear ed should be; planted with an n tirely different type of crop for at least one or two years. New ground should be chosen forjthe next crop. The experiment sta tion says that there! is no certain means of prevention by spraying known for heart rot. Young fruit tree trunks ehould be whitewashed as a partiaV pro tection against injury due to warm sunshine followed by cold winter nights. The experiment station has discovered that this injury often results in splitting of the bark separation of the bark from the wood, or formation of dead spot on the trunks. i Tomatpmosaic, uncontrolled, may cause the complete loss of-the crop, depending on the tempera ture and season of (the year., It this disease appears' immediately remove , all diseased plants and fumigate the greenhouse with nic otine or dust allj the -plants throughout with nicotine dust to get rid of all aphids which may carry the disease from plaftt to plant, advises the state eiperi- in en t station. r. Aud bo heart disease kills one In six. We had. no idea there were so many good dodgers. The best advertisement of Am erica Is the uniform asininlty of the Americans who disparage it. At 20 years he is the head of a family;, at 40 years the head of a business; at CO the head of a pro cession, ......... TO OREGON FARMERS SALE and Its Cities Pep and Progress Cambaign THERE HAS NEVER BEEN OF BLACKBERRIES PUT UP THAN OURS ARE That Is the Verdict of Cannerymen and Others .'Familiar With the Product, Writes Prof. Schuster of the Oregon Agricultural College How They Should be Cultivated and Where and How They Should be Pruned and Trained A Number of the Greatest of Them All The canning of blackberries has been expanding very rapidly dur ing the last few years, and the berry principally concerned in this industry ia the common and often despised Evergreen blackberry. According to cannerymen and oth ers familiar with the canned prod uct, there never has been a bet ter pack of blackberries put up than that of the ' Pacific North west, the bulk of which is com posed of this wild Evergreen blackberry. Acreage - iM Increasing , . In the Puyallup valley of Wash ington a considerable acreage Is cultivated in connection with their other cane, fruits. . In 'Ore gon we find an increase in acre age of Evergreen blackberries un der cultivation, but still the bulk of the canned goods comes from Feed, Water, Shelter, Everything lly KI.LA McML'XX . Of course you are feeding the birds, and I hope remembering to water them, and keeping the cat in the house so it won't pounce upon them as they try to eat. But do you think about warming the horse's mouth piece, or "bit." before thrusting it' upon his tongue, vvhere it always tears the outer membrane . if too frosty? . . i . ' Have you put water out for the dog. warmed a little bit? And how are the chickens faring? , They should be shut up in the .hen house, and be given Warm food, and warm drink and cabbage or apples, if you want .any eggs, or wish to go to Heaven when you die. And the cows and horses For "Land Sakes" do see that they have shelter and feed; and water, other than what they can "rustle" for themselves. ' i , r Personally I feel very charitable toward my neighbors, just " as I should feel, as we go on with dtir glad preparations to 'celebrate the birthday of the Saviour, but uppermost, the pray r of my heart this cold, blizardly weather is that whoever neglects his animals, will not receive in his Christmas stocking as much ,as a chew of tobacco. the wild patches. The total acre age of Evergreens in cultivation is very small in this' state. Everyone knows the wild Evergreen, as it is gathered over most of thia section, and grows well in most sections, but probably most-profusely in the valley next to the coast. Here under cool summer conditions, with an abundance of moisture, be blackberry develops at its best. The patches are ueually situated near a stream where drainage is ,sobd. but moisture abundant throughout the summer. In culti vation, conditions approximating that should .be considered. For all that they grow well along the streams with abundant moisture, they are not found in a thrifty condition when growing on water logged soil. Often they ill be 'ound to have' started in water logged soils, but the . vines are not vigorous, and Ibe fruit is often seedy. T1m-- Are Heavy Feeders The cane fruits are invariably Tound to be heavy feeders, and he blackberry is not the least of them.. Rich, fertile soil, that is deep enough to hold moisture well, affords ideal conditions. !...',, - It i due to the abundance of the wild berry that so little has been done with the cultivated plantings in this state. ' With hundreds of tons available for the picking, it has naturally limited the tendency to plant blackberries. It is a matter of contention among the cannerymen as to whether or not thei: cultivated blackberry is superior to the wild berry. The price of the, cultivated stock is regulated by the cctst of obtain ing the wild berry, and therefore for some time to come the profits la raising Evergreen blackberries will necessarily be low, bat from a net owns The Surest Way to Get More and. Is to Support Those You fl BETTER PACK Varieties The Evergreen Is for Our Section the fact that the blackberry bears heavily and 'regularly, the profits should be regular each year. Other Blackberries . Besides the Evergreen black berry there is a place for the Mammoth blackberry or the Cory's Thornlese, but not in the canning industry. The market for these two berries will be in the fresh, early trade. There is no other va riety so early, so large, and at tractive as these berries. For lo- fjal, trade there is a regular sale for them each season. Then again these berries should have a great er place in, the home garden than they have. Ripening about the time of the loganberry, they af ford an early summer fruit that is delicious. The Cory's Thornless is a bud sport of the Mammoth variety. It is apparently identical to the Mammoth in all respects, except its comparative freedom from thorns. It is reported that the Cory's Thornlees often reverts to the thorny condition of the Mam moth. A man might plant Cory's Thornless and. some time in the future find that he has gradually obtained a planting of the Mam moth blackberry. This is very oft en the condition found with bud sports. According to Darrow, ojf the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and also according to. the two years test at the Oregon Agricultural college station, the Mammoth blackberry, is eelf-sterile, ibut ap parently readily cross pollenizes with any other blackberry bloom ing at the same time. It ran be expected that the. Cory's; Thorn less will behave in a similar man ner. ;. - ' ' j. '; rstill Other Varieties . i A few other varieties that are frequently found in small quan tities in the Willamette valley es pecially, 'are the Himalaya and Australian blackberries" jBoth' of them are of the Evergreen type, vigorous growers, with heavy pro duction.) The canned product is inferior to that of the Evergreen, and the berries when they" first tarn black are very sor, iund are not readily palatable until the fruit is too soft for shipping. The varieties grown in the cast, like the Lawton and KIttatiny, find very little place ot here. With the lighter yields Common to these varieties and low prices available for; cannery stock. It is difficult to compete with the Evergreens, especially since they are not so good for canning. For fresh ; trade there is an opening, as they are undoubtedly superior DISTRICT to . the , other . berries ripening at that time. . . . . The planting and! culture does not vary from that needed for any other cane fruit. One of the mis take most "often" noted" is that of- overcrowding. The Mammoth and Cory's Thornless are . planted at the same distances advocated for loganberries; that is, 8 to 9 feet between the rows, and from 8 to 10 feet between plants in the row. ... Evergreen Needs Room : . . . The Evergreen black berry re quires greater distance, noteless than nine feet between the rows, and from 12 to 16 feet in the row between the plants. Nothing is gained by crowding in more plants. Crowding will simply mean more: work in the pruning, cultivation, and other practices, and at the same time produce,-as a rule, poorer quality of -berries? Concentrating the moisture and food supply into a few plants will allow a production of just as many berries at a less cost, and berries usually jf a better quality. The Australian will require as much space as the Evergreen, while the Himalaya will undoubtedly need more. It is probably the most vig orous grower of all these black berries, and as It being dissem inated to a considerable extent in the wild stage, the common Ever green blackberry may possibly have a rival as a nuisance in pas tures or other places. ' I:. Pruning and Training ' Pruning and training the Ever green type of .blackberry-is a job no one desires. It needs '.heavy gloves and good protection for other parts of the body. Taking out the old1 canes is the first step. This can be done any time after the canes have ceased bearing Some men maintain it is best to do it immediately after bearing, while others doubt it. The Ever green has a tendency to bear somewhat on the bid canes." ' The Himalaya shows this to a greater extent, and patches of Himalaya have been grown for years with out renewing the canes clear back to the grqund, as it is done with other cane fruits'. The older canes are themselves thinned out some what, but new growth is develop ed from the old canes, instead of altogether from the crown." , Itcnew Them Each Year For commercial production the plants, except possibly the Hima laya, should be renewed each year. From eight to 12 new canes to a hill will usually be left for the Mammoth and the Cory black berry, and from 10 to 16 for the others. ...... Training Practices The Mammoth blackberries are trained on trellises, as with the loganberry. Evergreens, as a rule, are seldom so treated." At" least one set of double "wires are usually-used for this berry. These are from 18 to' 20 inches apart, and are spread and held their distance by slats of that length. The canes are trained over and under these slats. In some cases a .similar set of wires is used for the young cane to keep them, off the ground, and from injury by tVamping. They may be transferred , to the upper set later, or Jthey may be left so .the bearing canes will be on the upper set of wires one year and the lower set! the following year. Other growers always place the bearing canes on the lower set with the idea of shading the fruit. The first practice of having the bearing canes along the upper set of wires is generally . in; prac tice. : The upright varieties need no trellis, but are self supporting, or are merely lied together in clumps. They are headed back to three to four feetj in height,-and allowed to fruit in that position. C. E. SCHUSTER. Corvallis, Or.,' Dec. 15. 1921. (Prof. Schuster, who wrote the above especially for this number of The Statesman, is assistant horticulturist ot the Oregon Ag ricultural college, and an excellent authority, Ed.) ' '- Larger Industries Have THE GREATEST STEP FORWARD IN CHIROPRACTIC HISTORY The Neurocalometer - ..... t or Further Information and Competent T V Service Call Upon Dr. O. L. Scott 416 U. S. NATL. BANK BLDG. PHONE 87 T IS ON THE UP GRADE Southern California- Man Tells Some Things That we Interesting Here (The following by John East wood, of Oxnard, CaU, is from the farm magazine section of the Los Angeles Timtfs of last Sunday, and it -will be interesting to' our peo ple here who are looking forward to securing a, sugar factory In the Salem district: ) . . . . . If the politicians will just, leave the beet sugar industry alone it will stage a good comeback. Some fifteen years' ago sugar beets were one of the mcst popular crops in this valley. When Wilson was first elected president one of the cam paign cries was against the sugar trust. ... In -the tariff , .tinkering which followed his election no dis tinction was to be made between domestic beet" sugar and Imported cane sugar. A very hard fight was put up by the beet sugar companies and some of the far-sighted farmers nut a majority : or the. growers looked upon it as a good joke upon the factories. - As a result of this fight,come slight protection was given the domestic product. The beet sugar companies evidently feeling that they had been caught between the devil and the deep sea political intrigue on the one hand and agricultural indifference on the other made a reduction ot,75 cents per ton in the then very low price paid the growers. The -cut' in the price and the gen eral waning of the tonnage, brought about by lack of fertiliza tion and proper rotation, gradual ly made beet culture quite unpop ular. During the past, few years many factories have been closed and the production of the local factory has reached some very low levels. The sugar beet i3 one crop that We cannot afford to lose, It i the -crop that built up the won derful ; ' agricultural strength of Germany and in. this country car ries better agricultural methods, more business and dairying in its wake, ft has done that in this val ley anf is doing it everywhere. During the. past few years, the factories have been cutting, down their overhead and-adding to the efficiency of their 1 plants, until now, with leas skilled labor, they can get better results and more sugarv-jrhis saving has been passed on to the growers and now they have a contract which is upon a fifty-.ijfty. basis. It is figured from theJnet price. L.o. b. factory, re ceived jfor sugar sold by beet sug ar companies- of southern Califor nia during the twelve months be ginning July 1 of each year. The company guarantees , a minimum equivalent to. a & cent selling price of sugarThis ia $10 per ton for 20 per; cent beets., v ; .The sugar beet is not only val uable itself, but has a wider range HESH INDUSTRY We Will Give Our Best Efforts At all times to assist In any possible way the devel opment ot the rrult and berry Industries In this val ley. . Oregmi Packing Co. of influence upon othjer crops and business-thin" has any other field root syalemVand the deep cultural methods required to grow a crop of beetsjrrepare the soil and are a direct benefit to succeeding crops., of grain and 'legumes. The sugar produced comes into com petition with no other local prod uct, but supplies a need that would otherwise have to be met with an imported article. Most of the money expended for beet sugar remains in our national channels of trade, while the. greater part of the money spent for Imported cane sugar goes to either Hawaii or Cuba.. California agriculture has been hit some hard blows by those in power. , California must begin thinking in terms of stable, per manent dependable .crops. The Japs are good gardeners and have been our best paying land tenants.. But. under a far sighted policy, the - wisdom of have been outlawed.' But nobodjr has come forward to take their place either as renters or toilers, thus helping to carry part of the heavy burdens of rent and taxa tion. ' ' Is -Coming Back Interest' in beet ciirture. fortu nately, seems to be coming "back. But will the present administra tion let-it. alone. There is always some predatory interest seeking to influence the government and just now the immense cane sugai interests have an axe to grind and are trying- to get a reduction in the tariff. -The American B'eet Sugar com pany's factory at Oxnard Is having unexpected success In contracting for next year's beets. . So far they have signed up about 13.000 acres, part of which is already planted. -The reason for this change of VS IX vft, LUC ICfti XII CT I 3 is partly the staying qualities which the sugar beet has exhibit ed during the past few adverse seasons' and partly because under the present contract they share in the market price of sugar. So' far the Oxnard factory has paid ' the growers $1,100,000 on the 1924 crop, which is on a basis "of , 6 cent sugar. , VERY PROFITABLE S You Should Get More Than a Hundred Pounds of Honey; Per Hive Each Year The honey bee industry can. ba the most profitable phase of di versified farming, . 1 according . to II. A. Scullen.- assistant professor of entomology at the state college. ien coiomes can produce a nan ton of honej per season, under-favorable conditions, selling for 15 to 20 cents per pound. r "There are a few fundamental to remember in succeisful bee (ConUnued on page 11) YOU MAY MAKE BEE MUST BuildSE'' a urerial Use Burned Clay Hol low : Building Tile for Beauty, Safety, and Comfort. MANUFACTURED, THE