THE -? OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND MONDAY, APRIL 28t 1919.
C3
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C. S. JACKHO ....Pabliabaf
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SutMcrtrrtt'rtt term by nail, or to enj address la
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' DAILY (MOUSING OB AfTJEBNOOK).
On rar.... 65.00 (Jm wntt .SO
SUNDAY V
Ou year. . I .2.0 I On month..... .21
WILT iUORXlSO OR AFTERNOON) AND
. . 8UNDAT -
One year.... ,87.00 J Ooe month $ .61
- Blessed Is ha who baa found hia work:
let" bim ask bo other bleaswdnasa.
Thomas -Curly.
FROM SAGEBRUSH TO ALFALFA
fvfHEY have Irrigation down to
, sucn a line poini in me uoise
valley that they ; drain and '. re
capture the water from Irrigated
districts and: Irrigate other lands
with it. It is a case of using the
same water twice for reclaiming the
soil. '
The man who passed over the sage
brush plains of that region a gen
eration ago and supposed that men
would never Inhabit it could not
make himself believe In a visit to It
now that he was - looking upon the
same country. ; V
It Is densely populated. . There are
thriving modern towns all - over it.
Nampa, Wciser, . Caldwell, Payette,
Emmett and '. others;; have paved
streets, MUUlO uuiiuiugi . dUVt VWJ,
thriving people. Every 40, 60. 80 or
100 .acres of rue space between and
around them is a farm, a farm on
which the owner is making money.
He Is producing alfalfa from which
he has been getting around 1100 per
acre per year, sometimes more. Veg
etables are grown1 which are canned
and soid all over the world. One
cannery puts up, a single vegetable,
and Is one of the biggest of the can
neries devoted to a single product In
America. ;Wheati fruits, potatoes and
cereals of every variety are grown in
prodigality..
Residents there claim that one acre
of irrigated land will support two
cows seven months in -' the year, or
produce five to e'ght tons of alfalfa,
or 14 to 20 tons of corn ensilage. Cat
tle and sheep which feed part of the
season in .distant mountains and
other summer ranges are driven Into
the valley to be fed through the
winter. ':' -i :-- :-
The 'federal government has spent
116.729,842 on Irrigation in Idaho. The
farmers have spent another great
sum. ' They have a district irriga
tion law there very similar to that in
Oregon. '
- In the -Boise valley, 411,000 acres
are under irrigation, of which 171,
C00 we in cultivation through farm
ers' ditches, and 240,000 under federal
projects. , The latter is mostly fed
water impounded by: the ;Arrowi Rock
dam, 350 feet high, said to be the
highest In the world. : It forms a lake
3 miles, long and one to three- miles
wide, and is 23 miles distant from
Boise. The dam Is , hollow, and by
a long stairway,' visitors go down
Into its dizzy and gloomy depths. Its
foundation rests on bedrock, 90 feet
below the bed of the Impounded
river The lake Is a famous fishing
resort ?'-;
The transformation of tWs sage
brush desert Into a busy beehive of
productivity was the work of Irriga
tion. Anyone -who looked upon the
original semi-arid region as it- was
and beholds it now as it is, is forced
to become a lifelong convert to recla
rnationJ Primitively a wild in which
only rabbits and sage hens could sur
vive, it Is- densely populated and
traversed both by.; railroads and in
terurban Klines with more building
- n-1 to be built. . - . -:
The process In the Boise and Pay-
t tta valleys, and elsewhere, has raised
I :.aho Into far higher i importance as
a state. In population it Is swiftly
lining on Oregon.. It Is doing the
mo in ' farm production. In area,
: ir.ho is only 84,800 v square miles
gainst Oregon's 96,000, but It has a
population approximating half a mil
lion -against .Oregon's three quarters.
At the iicad of the Boise valley is
Toise, a beautiful and progressiva
:ty. It stood still ? In " growtti and
! -nportance 7 for a long period. The
omes and farms that .appeared7 on
c former ; 6age brush plain . started
'. on aniv career, and Boise now
is a population of 30,000. "
One third of its homes afe heated
i th hot water irom artesian wells
ilhin a mile of the city. A huge
latorium, where an orchestra plays
t night, is" heated in the same way,
' streets are very wide and most
them are paved. Th Capital
ws. presided over Xy Story 'Sheri
ri, formerly of Ttosebyg, - and V the
ming Statesman, are the i; city
? i a pers.. v ; t ' r-' vii
so ba?in, CO miles to the north.
Is credited with " an output1 of gold
aggregating; $300.000,000 In value.
wltfttn 100 miles are gold, silver,
copper,, lead" and zino -which will ul
timately develop enormous Industries
of which Boise will be the headquar
ters and outlet. When you know
what Irrigation has done for Idah,
it J impossible . not ia. favor every-thrng-
that will advance irrigation In
Oregon.
" There are cases of persons with
appetites for food 'that cannot be
satisfied. In England there is a little
girl of 8, who is guarded by " a
keeper' to prevent her frorh devour
ing household goods. Escaping from
her. attendant one day, she ate an
entire raw codfish, two pounds of
kitchen candles, and several pounds
of butter. She was discovered be
fore she attacked other foods. In
another case, a joung woman ate
29 raw eggs, six pounds oi butter,
five loaves of bread, and drank three
pints of milk and two; bottle of
wine. In another case a, boy devoured
his clothes.
ALL TRUE
A GREAT deal of truth was put
before the Portland council 'at
the hearing on - the ,Mann. . plan
for free factory sites..
"That the natural advantages of
Portland's location tower - over those
in other 'Paclfio coast cities, that
Eastern business men admit it, and
I that goods are shipped " from the
East to Puget Sound via Portland,"
was the statement of H. H. Ward.
He offered figures showing that
ether coast, clUes with facilities far
inferior to Portland's were doing a
much heavier Import; and export
business, largely because of dis
crimination against Portland by rail
roads, which, he claims, could not
be practiced if Portland had large
manufacturing enterprises, proper
terminals and the 'Spirit.
Mr. Ward contended that the trans
continental roads 'cannot show a
profit on their local business, that
Lthey must secure : transcontinental
shipments,- and that ff Portland
would send business through the
Panama, canal it would force, rec
ognition of this port by - the roads.
He said :
The roads would be compelled ' to
eliminate th . haul of 7000 feet over
the mountains to San Francisco and
8000 to Pujret . sound and come to
Portland for their business.
Nor has -any statement been made
at any time more true than 'the fol
lowing by Mr. Ward:
In the past, larg-a industrial estab
lishments have paaeed Portland by and
g-one to San Francisco and Puget sound
to locate because they could not be
assured of shipping- facilities here. They
had no rail and water . frontage for
their plants: and Uiey could not get
cheap sites. j-.- . t .
Just that thing has happened many
times. What is more,, it is the fact
that concerns in Portland - frequently
pull up stakes and move their plants
and business to Puget sound. "
A concluding statement in the dis
cussion was thatr'five, per cen of
the people of Portland own the fac
tory sifts, .and th:ey ; hold "the: . so
high - ttfat . they discourage the at
tempts 4)f industry to locate in Port
land." - V
It is all true, notoriously, admit
tedly, destructively true.
Italy, under the League of Nations,
could . have her frontiers and de
tached territory made secure without
a great standing army.- The agree
ments and securities under the
league would cost her far less than
the price she must pay if she per
sists in'lrcr foolish break at Paris.
Her government has little gratitude
for American shipping, American
food and American fighting men sent
her during the dark days when Ger
man and Austrian hordes were quar
tered" along the Plave.
BUSINESS AT LONG RANGE
BEFORE the government took over
the railroads each road' was free
to purchase its ties where they
could be secured to the best ad
vantage. Tie -producers through
out the United States found markets
wherever their freight rates would
carry them.
Due to climatic and other condi
tions, different roads used different
sizes and grades of ties, and this
practice proved to the advantage of
the producer, for it provided mar
kets for low grade and small sized
ties. thus preventing waste in cut
ting and the piling up of an unsala
ble, side- out. .
Since the government : has taken
over the .railroads the purchasing
departments have been centralized.
In Washington, there is a director of
purcnases,, and under him there are
regional purchasing agents. The re
gional purchasing agent for the North
west has his office in Chicago. He
handles the purchases in the North
west through the purchasing agent
of : the Southern : Paclfio company,
whose office Is in San Francisco.
Ties 3 produced along the line ; of
any railroad must be sold to ' or
through the purchasing agent of that
road. All ties produced along the
lines of the South efh Pacific must be
sold to the purchasing ; agent of - the
Southern Pacific. Any railroad in the
Southwestern division wishing ties
must submit Its order through its
purchasing agent to its regional' di
rector, who forwards it : to the re?
gional purchasing agent at Chicago.
He in turn -forwards it out fcst
again to the purchasing agent at San
Franeisco;"who turns it over to his
assistant.1 who gets in touch with;
the producers in Oregon and makes
the purchase. The government, : of
course,," fixes .the - specif Icatlons'" and
price ' '
Oregon : has, and it seems always
will, suffer through her people hav
ing1 to deal with - governmental de
partments at -long range.; .The - rail
road administration is in the hands
of railroad men of unquestioned busi
ness ability and it is surprising i to
find them adopting the methods
which have brought down , on the
heads of- other governmental depart
ments such a flood of criticism.
The taking, over, of the "railroads
by the government; and their opera
tion as a unit, undoubtedly calls for
a more centralized control of pur
chases, but it cannot justify prac
tices which now prevail in the North
west. ... ' - '
: The Northwest produces most of
the ties used by the , roads west of
the Mississippi. Hundred of mills
are engaged in the business. Yet the
railroad administration deals with
these producers through Chicago
and San Francisco. v
A small tie producer wishing to
discuss matters affecting his busi
ness finds it very inconvenient and
exasperating when forced to, go to
San Francisco or await thet coming
of some assistant purchasing agent-
Nearly all of the misunderstandings
and bad feeling which exist today
between the Hie producers and the
railroad administration have grown
out of this situation. 1
If the railroad administration
wishes to, relieve itself of this grief.
it should appoint a purchasing agent
for the Northwest and give him an
office in Portland, as it is the cen
ter of the tie producing territory.
Should the . tie producers be igiven
an opportunity to deal at short
range with an official who possesses
some knowledge of the lumber busi
ness and a reasonable amount of
tact, most of the differences which
threaten to widen the present breach
will be removed.
The board of education of Wash
ington, ' has forbidden the
teachers in the high schools of that
city to discuss "Bolshevism, the
League, of Nations, and other
heresies.?- What an educational sys
tem 1 If high school teachers may
not discuss the pros.and cons of
such timely and " current topics as
Bolshevism "and the League of Na
tions, what are teachers add pupils
in school -for? What kind of a
board of education is it that styles
it "the League of Nations and other
heresies?"
PREDICTS HIGH PRICES
THE secretary of the National Can
ners association. In an address
at Chicago, s predicts that the
puoiio win De asaed to pay a
much higher price for canned goods
daring the coming year than hereto
fore, the end of the war notwith
standing. All of which may turn
out to oe true.
The peculiar thing about the Dre-
diction, however, Is to be found in
the reasons given by the associa
tion secretary. Scarcity of labor and
general high cost of materials are
given as. the two chief causes for
the Impending high level of orices.
With the high cost of material all
can agree. It Is difficult to think
of anything that has not been boosted
onto the shoulders of the High Cost
some ' place along the line between
production and consumption. But
shortage of labor is a bogy man
whose shadow has not been troubling
the publio much here lately.
It has been a general and well
founded assumption that there was
going to be more labor available
tharlHnstant places for it to fill dur
ing the coming fall and winter. Re
turning soldiers are not finding, in
all cases, the jobs they were led to
believe would be open and waiting
for them when they got home. Where
they meet this condition thev nra
out of employment. Where they do
slip back Into their prewar occupa
tions they, in many cases, turn
adrift some one who has been sub
stituting for. them. In -either case
there is unemployment.
Of course the honorable secretarv
may know more about the employ
ment situation than the most of us,
but nevertheless there is a sort of
instinctive feeling that he ought to
have chosen some other basic reason
for continued high prices of canned
goods, if he had expected the pub
lic to accept his remarks seriously.
Is Portland to taint Oregon's fair
fame? Ruy Victory bonds and save
tne 'state s reputation.
SEEING THE LIGHT
EXAMINER MACKLEY of the In
terstate commerce commission
seems to be opening the doqr of
nope to the- producers and ship
pers of the Columbia river districts
now contending for the establish
ment of freight rates based on the
water grade haul from Inland Empire
to water terminal points.
Mr. Mackley has - been considering
the contention of the railroad com
mission of North Dakota which has
been attempting to force the North
ern Pacific to grant rates on certain
branch liner equal ' to those main
tained, upon the main Una of that
road, distance of haul and the com
petitive character., of ., the business
both belna; considered. ' . . - "y"
in nis report, ' Examiner Mackley
holds," " in substance, 1 that traffic
density and cost. Of Operation must
be taken Into - consideration in the
establishment of branch line rates.
In other, words he holds thaUnatural
conditions must enter into tWe irate.
Heavy grades with consequent - histi
operating cost, . conditions requiring
abnormal 'maintenance ("charges," such
as frequency of extensive washouts
necessitating -bridge, and culvert re
placements, and low- density of traf
fic, are - all to be taken Into con
sideration. "There is no requirement of "the
act that branch line rates, regardless
of differences In conditions of trans
portation, shall not exceed the con
temporaneous i rates, for .- equal dis
tances on the main line. The com
mission has frequently recognized, the
propriety of' such differences in
rates," the report says.
A converse application of this
logic would result' in the holding
that, just as high cost of operation
and maintenance justified - a tariff
schedule to meet it, so would low
operating and fiiaintenance cost war
rant rates commensurate therewith.
If these premises are correct and if
the old rule that rates charged must
be .just and reasonable is still an
axiom -of the interstate commerce
commission it would be a logical
deduction that rates should be based
on operating cst.
Advancing a' step, if It is right and
Just that branch line rates-are to be
based on operating cost, it is equally
equitable for local mainline rates to
be' founded on the same logical basis'.
There is no reason why a shipper
should be required to pay a fictitious
and illogical differential just because
his goods happen to be hauled over
a main line when it is admitted by
the commission that, such a condi
tion Would be unjust if required on
a branch line.
Ex aminer Mackley's position
squares exactly with the plea of the
Inland Empire and Columbia river
shippers. It should give them heart
to fight . , ,
IF NO LEAGUE
WHAT THEN ?
Let the People Now Rally to Their
War Time Resolves.
(In this" appeal, reprinted from the New Tort
that the alternative to a tmi Lu
buou xjoiBneram. lie plead with tn
peo?Ia ' United Statea not ta fail the
world In this hour of crisis. J O
Among- the soldiers of the French
army, as well an amnnr o... i.
- - uiun ul uiv
British army, there was, , from the be-
sens or despair that civil
isation Itself Bhould have been dragged
down to such denthn nt AacraA.n i
the filth of the battlefields with their
wholesale Slaughter of youth and of life's
oeauiy ana decency. Their hatred of
the Germane who th. tM,
- - - uu cub- uU0C
of this did not Wind them to the larger
iruui mat me wnoie structure and phil
osophy of Europe had been damnably
gruilty. and that if it had been different
O God. In some way different ! not
even the Germans would or could have
let these devils loose upon the boyhood
of the nations and upon women and chil
dren. -
Over and over again In the early days
French officers and men said to me with
a thrill of passion in their voices : "If
I thought this Thing would ever happen
again I would strangle my child In its
cradle to save it from such torture."
This was said to me not once, nor
dosens, nor scores of times, by bloody
and bandaged men. but hundreds of
times. It was the common, general,
passionate thought. And hundreds of
times on the British front. in trenches
and in dugouts and in officers messes,
our own men spoke to me in a similar
line of thought. Deeper than their ha
tred of the enemy who had brought this
thing upon them was their' hatred of
statesmen and politicians and men of
wealth and learning who had failed to
foresee the horrors ahead, who had
gone on in the foolish old way sup
porting balances of power, framing se
cret alliances, influencing national ha
tred and rivalries, and maintaining the
old philosophy of material force to hold
or to grab, with weakness and Ineffi
ciency even in that view of life and its
meaning. Toung English officers of
good family argued passionately in the
face of death that all our social struc
ture was wrong and that there would
be no hope for humanity for which they
were going to die they knew that
unless some hew relationship between
nations could be established, giving at
least some postponement and respite to
the spasms of slaughter between periods
of so-called "peace" which were but a
preparation for new massacres of youth.
; . ' a '
ThaX conviction has not been killed
by victory. It is in the hearts of the
living as it was tn the souls of the
dead and I write pi what X know.' It
is in the hearts of multitudes of women
who gave their first-born and some
times their second, and third, and fourth
to the devouring- monster of war. It
is hot in the brains of millions of work
men who watch the politicians of the
world with increasing hatred, and dis
trust, because of their failure to avert
the frightful catastrophe, and their tinkering-
.now with problems which must
be handled largely and With an un
shrinking courage, in order to make the
world clean of the foul outrage agajnst
civilised ideals on , the corpse-etrewn
fields of France. ; Not only clean in. that
way, but clean also of old social evils
which come largely from the crushing
burden of militarism, so that, thisjpelng
the iMODocues wno are mveryrjoay, may
enjoy more beauty of life, get more of
the . fruits of labor, end, build their
homes decently, without fear of seeing
them in' ruins, and free of even the
spectre of the wolf at the door. ,f.
It is for' those instinctive : reasonathat
the great masses of Europe look to this
proposal of a League of Nations with
hope, if not with faith. It is all vague
to them ; they ; cannot understand by
what machinery it will be made possible
and powerful, but they believe that, at
last, some new arrangement will be
made by th statesmen of the world
interests : for th peophsa i whom they
used as food for guns, cannon fodder.
Let us be frank. and put it straight and
equare like that, because that is th
naked and. terrible truth working in the
minds of millions. : J
.. . . ; ;
If the League of Nations "fails, as, it
may. because it ts the most daring effort
to lift the organisation of human so
ciety to a higher plane of nope, and
that is not easy of achievement, there
is only on alternative. . For a time I
thought ther were two 'i alternative,
the firat of which ;-wu- a new combi
nation of alliances, leading certainlv to
another rac for armaments -and an
other grouping of powers until the tlm
came for ' the next inevitable :wr, far
mere terrible In It wp of slaughter
than the -one now ; passed. &. But I am
certain now that there Is only one al
ternative. What will happen if the
league ia-not established with th Im
pulse of th world democracy behind
It, isl as clear a uniight to discerning
minds who are in touch with popular
-paursion born out of the sufferings ef the
war. What wiU happen is the wild re
volt Of many 'peoples against their estab
lished forms of government in the mad
hop that by anarchy they may gain
freedom of their soul and bodies and
of their, unborn children to enjoy the
fruits of labor in larger measure than
now, and in safety against the devas
tating terrors of modern warfare.
The alternative to a League of Na
tions, democratic in its foundations, and
powerful by th understanding and faith
of peoples machinery from above, will
be of no avail ia Bolshevism. ' For
Bolshevism ' is the revolt of the mob
against leaders who have betrayed it.
and against classes who have resisted a
new philosophy of life which seeks to
replace the fetish-worship of old cru
elties by wider brotherhood. It Is"" the
madness of mobs, driven to insanity by
despair and Xear, I have heard the
mutterings of that menace in Europe,
not only, in Germany where. th dragon
has raised Its head, but also tn Eng
land where it is beginning to Btir,
America has the supreme chance of any
power in the world today because she
is looked upon by the peoples of Europe
as a fair, unselfish and democratic ar
bitrator, aloof from their rivalries, and
untainted by the disease which Infected
their civilisation. American people that
I have met do not. realise this immense
power of their mission, nor do they
understand that to the European masses,
when President Wilson speaks, he
speaks,' in their belief, for America her
self. Over here. In New Tork. many
people repudiate the assertion that the
president, speaks for America, and say
that he has no authority behind him.
If that Is so and Mr. Wilson fails and
falls. America may lose this great chance
in the history of mankind ; and in any
case. if. with President Wilson or with
out him, the League of Nations, falls,
then the world will, in my belief: crash
into the gulfs of widespread ' anarchy.
Letters From the People
f CommT-nleatkrat sent to The Journal for
rmhlicatioB ia this department ahot-M be written
on only one aide of the paper, should not exceed
800 word in leneth. and must be signed by the
writer, wnoee mail addreas in full moat accom
pany the contribution. J
The Ballot, Not Bolshevism
Portland, April 26. To the Editor of
The Journal I have read Mr. Morss'
reply to a man who wanted light on
Bolshevism. This is my addendum to
the reply: Mr. Morss does not give
all that Bolshevism stands for. On pa
per. I expect it stands for the things
enumerated by Mr. Morss, but in prac
tice it stands for robbery, assassina
tion, violence, hatred and many other
vOe things. The farmer is robbed of
his crop, the woman of her virtue, the
fcitizen of his life and the industrious
of their peace. Politically, the citizen
is denied right of suffrage, and liberty
ts suppressed by autocracy. These
things belong to Bolshevism as It has
worked out, and evidently differs from
Bolshevism On paper.
Another thing: It is the essence of
tyranny by ignoramuses. Do you think
for a moment, that our civilization is
going to go forward on a program con
structed by men that think of nothing
but filling their stomachs and indulging
their lust? Does the hodcarrier succeed
the architect?
And finally: We in America look
forward to still better things than what
we have already attained. "Onward
and upward forevermore,' is the spirit
of our growth." We do not get our
aspirations from th illiterate nations
of Europe, from races born and bred In
ignorance and superstition. We are a
free people and can adopt any laws we
need by the use 'of the ballot, thank
God! - '
My chief objection, to Bolshevism is
their tyranny. Any program that will
give a man the just compensation for
his work is what we want, no matter
what the name. I realise as weU as
Mr. Morss that the distribution of wealth
has not been just, but my remedy is
not to cure a disease by means of
crime. The ballot must be the last and
supreme power by which a free people
evolve and progress. No doubt the
masses in Russia had many dire griev
ance, and I hold they can be adjusted
only by a free ballot.
ERNEST BARTON..
Inquiries on Military Hatters
Following are answers to Questions
received by The Journal :
Anxiety. There is only one Ameri
can "army of occupation." It is railed
the Third army, and also the army of oc
cupation. These are terms that mean
the same thing. The Sixth livWioo is
simply , a part of the Third army or
army of occupation. An -army corps
comprises four to six divisions. There
have been no recent subtractions of di
visions from the army of occupation.
An Anxious Sister. "X. P. O. 705" sig
nifies Bordeaux. Base hospital 114 :s at
Beau Desert, a few miles from Bor
deaux. It is not listed for early return.
Anxious Father. 'No inf ormati yn a
to aero squadron 352.
- Discussing Taxes and Labor
Portland, April 24. To the Editor of
The Journal We read in the papers that
a war tax of 10 per cent is now to be put
on many things which the commo i peo
ple need to live. Further we real that
business men are to collect it for the
government on th good they aell. This
will naturally let th business people, in
the average, come off scot free, for the
latter exist or are founded on the prin
ciple of exchange among themselves;
that is, exchange and consume .he fur
plus values of labor. On the other hand,
it i labor that must pay for everything
with its mere wag payroll in. its hand,
mwA ttiua Ath.ro trt mt I m .Tlini
1ab5- pays the whole war coet in every
way. To put a war tax on he vods it
uses has the calamitous effect jf that
much quicker snatching his hard-warned
payroll away from him. This in turn
Is equivalent to hi. wages oelng eu
and. if he 1 not going to stand for sucn
a joke in any form then he must demand
that much more wages. More wages
means higher prices, and vice versa, and
so on in a vicious circle. ;
Thus the trouble has hardly tarted,
but it seems to be necessary n the lawa
of nature and God to educate man up
to th fact that labor produce all
values, and though he supports para
sitic consumer on his back, it cannot he
in any way th parasite who naturally
has anything with which he can possibly
be made to pay taxes or any one but
only the laborer who has. and must also
pay in on form or another, rher tm
no other way. Thus is labor made to
pay it all.' . .
If labor did not use the strikft t could
not exist At alL ,
- Labor .must " wake up and adopt th
great principle of unity of action and
take back it own, that ia, surplus vahies.
.. The true laborer, -of which Jacob was
the type, is he who Is not indiffereat
to what .by natur is -his own. For
watch him work 20 years for labao.' And
the latter tried to cheat him 10 times in
bis i wages, and fmaOy Jacob hid to
make his getaway' by night secretly, for
Labau wouldn't approve of Jacob's lib-'
erty, neither by day nor by night, Labau
Went after him rthfnklng to lo evil to
him) but the Lord told him not to, but
to reason it out with him ; and of rourfce
Jacob won. Consequently Labau saw
best to sneak back by night gfalt own
place, for . his arguments could not stand
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE
The old fashioned devil-may-care
brother who fills a gasoline tank by lan
tern light showed .up again this week in
ntheastern Kansas and heaven. The
Emporia Gazette.
An anarchist republic has been pro
claimed t Ivandstovozeneeenck. A pinch
of snuff Inserted .in the nostril at the
psychological moment might bring the
calamity to a successful climax.
' . V ;
j Well, here's Coney Island with the
first ones of the season. . Charlotte Da
vidson and Elsie Ebetch thought they
were bathing on the sand ofWaikikf.
They were arrested for. wearing one
piece bathing suits, minus stockings,
-i -
5 Among the wild rumors circulated
among the ignorant at Seoul, Korea,
during the 3 nationalist demonstrations
was one that President Wilson would
come to Seoul in an airplane and drop
bombs on the offices of the governor
geneiaL' "
- . - : e '
"Noted Lecturer to Lecture Tomorrow.
Lincoln McConnell, Noted Lecturer, Will
Lecture to Members of the Commercial
Ciub at S12 o'clock." HeadHne In the
Baker Herald. We take It that Mr. Mc
Connell. the lecturer, simply insisted
upon lecturing.
MEN AND INSTITUTIONS OF THE
OREGON COUNTRY
By Fred
Hn tliie article Mr. Lockley adda a third
chapter to the recital ef the career of O. M.
Phiramer. sow general nianafer of the Pacific
International Lireetoek xpotition, who trace"
the riae of Portland's ttackrerdt inUretts. at
the earn time pursuing the narratire of hia
iatereatins personal career. ,
"In 1888 my mother and I came out
to Portland," said O. M. Plummer to
me a day or two ago. "W jrot special
rate on account of the G. R- con
vention at San Francisco. I had always
thought that if ever a day came when
I ' was rich enough . I would ride in a
Pullman palace drawing room car. On
the farm back in Maine I had watched
these, cars go by, and as I looked
through the plate glass windows at
the people sitting inside, it seemed they
must belong to a different and prob
ably a superior order of 4iunanity. When
we came out from Maine to Oregon. I
wanted to ride on one of these Pullman
cars, but we couldn't afford it. As I
remember now, we were constantly
changing car, usually in the middle of
the night. We reached Portland July
a 1,' 1886. .
"In those days, John Reld, one of
the prominent members of the Arling
ton club, was a ship chandler. His place
of business was in the old flat Iron build
ing at the corner of Ankeny and Vine
streets, between First and Front. I
went to work for him. It was not long
before I knew every boat that plied on
th Willamette river by the sound of
its whistle. One of my best friends in
those days was Colonel John Lalng, who
came from Maine to Portland in 1871.
He was With the Oregon Transportation
company and had charge of the Alns
worth -dock. I got a job there as de
livery clerk, working under George Hoyt,
who was the manager of the delivery
system at the dock.' He was like a father
to me. He was well fixed financially,
but he loved the work, so he stayed
with his job. When he retired I suc
ceeded him. At that time Edward Cock
lngharo was with the O. R. & N. com
pany and Wilbur Coman was one of
my fellow clerks. From the O. R. As N.
I went to the S. P. as a clerk. My job
was to collect freight bills from the local
firms. In dealing with the banks, I
became acquainted with a great many of
the men who are now prominent bank
ers, but who in those days were bank
clerks or receiving tellers. -
vin the late nineties, two Yamhill coun
ty farmers named Merchant and Yo
eum were running the Union stock yards.
I got a job with them as bookkeeper and
cashier. There were only five men em
ployed. I soon found my job included
the additional duties of being salesman
and helping unload stock. Very often
a load of stock would come in in the
middle of the night and we would have
to get up and unload It. - There was
no such thing in those days as an eight
hour day, or union hours.
"In 1897 we received a carload of choice
Willamette valley hogs. They were so
fine that we paid 15c a hundred ad
vance over market quotations. Good or
dinary hogs were selling at 82.50 per
hundred. We paid 82.85 per hundred for 1
in JB friuau. A . u..i-.ii ... ....... .... .....
at that time and they thought I was
a visionary that the day would come
in Oregon when choice hogs would bring
4c a pound and that wheat would be
worth 81 a bushel fed to hogs and mar
keted in the form of pork.
AVIATION SHOW FOR HOLLAND
By W. J. L. Kiehl ,
Special CorreBpondence'to The Journal and The
Chkeeo Daily New.
Amsterdam In Amsterdam nfext July
is to be held a big exhibition of aviation
as applied to peaceful air traffic. The
idea is to interest Dutch capital and to
show what has been done in other coun
tries to perfect the airship and airplane
for peace uses. There are to be three
large halls 100 meters high, an air har
bor and flying camp. England Is send
ing a big exhibit and the Dutch mili
tary attache in France Is now arranging
with the French government and air
plane makers for a French exhibit. Hol
land is still very backward In aviation,
but it is hoped the exhibition will give
the impulse to compete with the other
"nTrovernment has decided to plac
the test of right reason, nor daylight I
wonder if labor must do about the am
in shaking off the yoke of pervltule and
Se sword! RABENDROTH.
A Soldier States a Grievance
Camp Lewis, April 24. To the Editor
of Th Journal. I am a graduate of
O. A. C and have been across with th
Ninety-first division. 864th : infantry, I
went to tell you a few facts.5 We left
Camp Mills. 78 men afl four officers,
in two cars. We had one man taken
off the car at Camp Lewis with measles.
We have been, put Into quarantine for
j4 day. Our four officers, who rod
in the same coaches with us, have been
discharged, because officer can't con
tract or spread disease, because they
have bars on their shoulders. Men at
this noon in the same mess hall 15 min
utes after w did. and they are " not
quarantined.' ts It Justice to returning
soldier to treat them thus? '
BERGT. JOB. M. UNDERWOOD.
Hq.- Co. 364th Infantry. Camp Lewis,
Detachment J4th Infantry, 26th Co.,
166th Depot Brigade.
-Stand By the President
'..--". Frosa the Independent '
-Wood row Wilson is more than the
president of th. United States. He is
ambassador extraordinary and minister
plenipotentiary to th world's court. Ha
is more than a party leader,- H ia the
leader of the liberals . of. all nations.
He i trying to put a stop to the greatest
war tn history and to put into effect the
greatest political conception that ever
entered the mind of man. He ha been
placed in the position of arbiter of th
destiny of a score of nation- and of the
happiness of untold generations. He I
beset by conflicting claims, fcarassed
NEWS ift BRIEF
SIDELIGHTS ' '
Delinquent dog owners of Hood River
have been notified by the city marshal
that canine lioenseleanneM. is going to
cost them $8 per, this year.
Bunding ia talcing on ' a- brisk move
ment at Baker.. the Democrat says, and
prospect are bright for carpenter ana
others in the construction line.
. -
By the retiring f the horse drawn ap
paratus at house No. 4 and the substitu
tion of a motor truck, Astoria's fire de
partment has become a 100 per cent
motor proposition.
After two years in which all effgr"
have been directed toward th ea
Cross, the ladies of the Presbyterian
church at Donald have set about raising
a fund for a resident pastor's salary
and to lift the $400 church debt. ,
"As showing his appreclationof the
boy who has done service for his coun
try, Robert f M. Betta, president and
manager of the Baker Mines company,
at Cornucopia, offers." says the Baker
Democrat, "an opportunity for die
charged soldiers to learn mining and an
advancement as fast as proficiency is
shown. He also offers', good wages.
Lockley
"We bought and sent carload after
carload of stock pigs to Nebraska to be
fattened on corn. We paid two cents
a pound, and received three cents a
pound at -Nebraska feeding points. For
the best quality steer we paid two and
one-half cents a pound and one and one
half cents a pound for cows. We paid
one cent a pound for bulls and from one
and one half to three cents for mutton. t
' .
"If you know the O'Shea brothers,
Johnny and Jimmy, you know they were
always together. You rarely saw one
without the other. John F. O'Shea and
J. B. O'Shea would usually come down
to the stockyards about daylight. Johnny
would say to Jimmy; "What do youT
think about it, Jimmy? Can we afford
to pay one and one-half cents a pound
for those cows? Jimmy would usually
shake his head and say : 'It's too much ;
it's too much.' They .were close buyers
and good business men.
''.'
"In 1902 Warren Merchant sold out his
interest in the stockyards to William
Henry Harrison Morgan of Sauvtes Isl
and. Morgan had taken up a donation
land claim there- in the early fifties.
I think he still owns It Mr.. Morgan re
tained a half interest and sold a quar
ter interest to W. H. Daughtrey and a
quarter interest to me. Along about
1907 Mr. Daughtrey and I bought Mr.
Morgan's half interest for 825.000. We
knew the S. P. & 8. was contemplating
coming in and would probably buy the
property there. Mr. Morgan knew it
also, but said, 'If they, do, you fellows
can make a little money. I am getting
my price, mo I am satisfied.' We had
hardly paid Mr. Morgan his 825,000
until the S. P. St decided to purchase
the property. They made us an offer of
8100,000. which we accepted. As soon
as we sold we took an option on the
Maeghly tract of 400 odd acres. This
was at the Junction or tne u. . .
and S. P. St a. iWe took this option at
8100 per acre. . We let the option ex
pire, and not very long thereafter it
was sold for 81000 an acre. The reason
we let the option expire was that .the
Swift family bought out the Union Meat
company. They arranged to buy a big
tract of land at what was then known as
Oregon slough, ; now known as North
Portland harbor. Louis Swift said to us,
'You locate your stockyards on this tract
am retain the management of the busi
ness. We will come In with you and
build a strictly up-to-date stockyard."
In September, 1909, they moved to the
new location.
"I believe I was one of the first people
in the game to recognize the value of
indirect promotion by advancing all
worthy enterprises in th Northwest. I
realised that by so doing one advances
his own interest. Even if the business
seemed in no way related to our own, I
realized that by helping It succeed I
would be adding to the general prosper
ity and that our business was bound to
prosper as other enterprises made good.
"For 20 years I was secretary and
treasurer of the stockyards and one of
the directors. I retired in 1917. In
being general manager of the Paclfio
International Livestock exposition I reel
that I am representing the breeders of
livestock interest in the entire North-'
west, and that I am helping to put Port
land and the West on the map."
the air service department under the
ministry of waterways, Ilk th railways.
Until private concerns take up the. air
service, it is to be carried on with gov
ernment machines and the assistance of
the departments of war and marine.
Amsterdam will probably be the first
Dutch air harbor,- and during th exhibi
tion, daily flights are to b taken to The
Hague, whose municipality i going to
prepare a Iarg landing camp. Several
times during the exhibition, flights to
and from England are to be taken under
arrangement with a British firm. Visi
tors to the exhibition will be given the
opportunity of going as passengers on
some of then flights or in th ma
chine for short flight over the en
virons of Amsterdam.
(Copyright, 1919. by Chicago Daily News Co.)
and hampered by the most powerful of.
selfish interest. ; He Is, now at the
critical point when -all may be lost in
a moment if those' who believe In what
he stands for do not stand by him.:, .
No matter whether we like Wilson or
not, no matter whether we belong to his
party or not, no matter whether we
think he deserves hi high position or
not. , whether we think he is competent
or not. he is there and if we want to see
American Ideals victorious and Amerl
,can principles prevail it is Only by up
porting him that this can be done. Th
armistice does not absolv us from our
obligation dt loyalty to th head of th
nation. This is no time for personal
spite, ' private mistrust and partisan
politics to coma Into play. Th presi
dent Is tarrying the American flag into
foreign lands, into the . future. He
should have the united backing of the
United States. Stand by the president.
Olden Oregon
Early Coeducation at UmPQua Acad
emy a Very Formal Affair.
Th .question -Of coeducation was re
solved by the administration of Umpqua
academy by the following regulation:
ThM Institution being open for .both
sexes, we will define their relative posl
tlons.rhey ar to have no intercourse
in school hours or recitations. : Under
no circumstances ; are they to. join in
play . either about the school or else
where, unleaw at home and members of
the same family. - In short, their Inter
course, if any, shall b confined to
polite, respectful conversation ; such as
would be entirely becoming if it were
In the presence of their parents or other
revered personages."
Ragtag and Bobtail
Stories From Everywhere
i
" Neglected Education -
DANNY Lyon went' away from far
Bast Sixteenth street 20 years ago, ,
says the New. York Sun, becam a au- -cersful
business man In the West, re
cently returned to visit his boyhood
haunts, met an old friend, Mrs, Murphy,
reintroduced himself, and after a long
eoffajp about old acquaintances asked.:
.'And Paddy Sweeney? What becam
of my old pal Paddy r
-II was a contractor. Made a mllj
yn dollars and was drowned."
Paddy made a -million Why, h
conidn t read nor write."
"Nor awlm."
Crawling Time
When -April comee again each aprinf
Aa I the worm begin te erael
The veriooa bug do llkewiae.
And you bat that len t all ' a.
The Miakee crawl through the neadewa
and the vpidef from the erecea;
The nun erawl down behind the tree
And toe chilla erawl down our backs, '
There are rhlggera in the wildwood
And ticka on every hand. .
And entt crawl -in the nugar.
And the fleaa are full of eand. -
, So if you would to a fUhln
Beware of things that creep
And alao iltde and equina and erawl
And likewise run and leap.
'Poetic lieonas. mointni, th unl I. full
Ilea. . i
E. F. B. in Chicago News. : J
Uncle Jen Snow Says:
With f ha nnn. rA . U .
. - wwv U ui, DVIIVUI twviivi ei
llnin' labor linlnnx nruthh thav'll ha
able to git nigh the pay of ar sewer
urger Dy m by. t
: 1.
The News in Paragraphs "
World Hapoenlngs Briefed for Benefit :
of Journal Readers J
1
GENERAL
nh fSarlaa Mml .........11 . 1
la Saturday." . r. - ""r
Ledbnen Chinnit, self-styled represent
ative of th Russian soviet government,
will be deported from BrasIL T
The Staamara Miaalana mil Alfmaa.
were recently bunk off the Chilean coa&
r , j tun vi uie is reporiea,
Th Onrmaii )l,
tuiuerence, n is announcea, win net ar
3--
rive at verBauies Derore May l.
. ......... . I a V. WU 1 1 LI J U C
ea rA tho nr1r nf kn.il will .it .
its former level, no matter how low th -
p i oi nour may rail. i
Carl Spats flew from Helena to Great
r'nlls. Mont., in an alrnlana. a Almi a rtr.a
65 mile, in 45 minutes. i ."
The first contingent of 1000 recruits
recently .enlisted to relieve men in-th
army of occupation, will leave Camp
Meade for France April 80. T
Fifi-hteen bunrTra1 halranr amnlA,,a X
San Francisco threaten to strike un
less mey are given an eight-hour da
and an increase of 81 per day in wage,
Removal of all ration Itmltatlona on
exports to the northern neutral Vcoun.
tries,, excepting finished munitions of -war,
is announced by the war trad
board. . .. i
A report comes from Korea that Japi
anese troops in a hamlet near Seoul
summoned the male Christians of th
village to the church and shot and bay
oneted them. I
.Railroad construction on th governl
ment line between Nenana. and Fair
banks, Alaska, is . proceeding, eve .
though congress failed to pass the ape
propriation measure.
NORTHWEST NOTES
Robert H. Hunt has been appointed
postmaster at Rose .Lodge, - JUncolt
county. . . .
Between April 1 and April 19, 875 carl
loads of potatoes were shipped out of tin i
Yakima valley.
J. C Saucerman of Sutherltn, Or., hai
just received ' word of the death of Jiii
son Otto last August in France.
Fifteen per cent of the teachers In the
Yakima publio schools have failed
sign their contracts for next year.
Steps are being taken by th Toledc
city council to secure the paving of the
Pacific highway through that town. j
Ifooulam la to have a steel rolllnar mill
with a capacity of 100 tons a day. thj
first unit of which will employ .150 men.
Bank deposits at Astoria on March 4.
totaled 87,610.000, an increase of 81,206,4
000 over the corresponding (late last
year. I
The nostoffice department ha ordered:
the establishment of three-tlmes-awek ,
mail service between s-rinevi U and
Meadows, Or.
Reedsport. th new and growing town
orl the lower Umpqua river, ha added to
Its other social affairs a Moos loda-e.i
wun ? memoer.
Despite high-priced materials, a sub
stantial building boom is on In La
Grande. Many new residences and busl
ne houses are going up.
Th Marshfield volunteer fire depart
ment has etarted work on it 88000 pa
vilion, which will have quarters for the
company ana a aance nail. ,
Arthur Walwyn Evans, noted Welsh
lecturer and a nephew of Lloyd George,
is billed for a lecture at Oregon Agri
cultural college In the near future.
The board of education of the Marsh-
field district has named a budget ef
sns.uuu ror tne nest acnooi year, an in
crease of 8700O over th past year, .
Ill health and domestic troubles are
eld to have been the cause of th sui
cide at Hillsboro Saturday of John Q.
Johnson, retired farmer and road super
visor; . -. ... --
A new wag scale filed with employers
by the cooks and waiters of Spokane
calls for an eight-hour day, a six-day
week, and an increase In wages of 10
a month. : . .
FOREIGN .
Germany has sent Into exile 278 royal
ists. -Estimates place the number of deaths
from influenza amonf th natives of th
Belgian Congo at more than 500,000.
Under a ruling of the army air net-vice,
army flyers and plane cannot com
pete tn exhibitions for purses and indi
vidual prises.
Japan is considering the construction
of a new cable line across th Paclfio
to insure better communication be
tween Japan, and the United States, '
Nothing ha been heard for mora thn
a year of Captain Jo Bernard, who
set out on the schooner Teddy Bear in
1916 to make- the Northwest passage.
The China Development bank has been
granted a . charter at Peking. This In
stitution is a Chlno-Amerlcan corporation.-
representing a fusion of several
American interests.
Little by Little and Bit by
Bit, Savings Soon Ac- -cumulate.
.
' (Btoriea of achievement la toe aeemiaole
tioa of War Sarins- Stamps, sent to The
Journal and accepted for publication, will
- he awarded s Thrift Stamp, i
taa . V -i ;
Wher did he get Is?
That surprising 825 or 850 or 8100?
In a lump a prosperity swelling
never known bef or. t
Didn't do without anything Im
portant was just as happy, just aa
well fed, and clothed and housed
maybe better. Had more fun.
Ask him or her or th youngster.
They'll ay, - "Thrift Stamps and
War Savings Stamps"
Helped them to spend wisely get
full value real value In things,
comfort, fun.
Made it easier to hold onto foolish
money. '. ,-
Thrift Stamps and 1919 War Cav
ing Stamp ? now on sale at usual
agencies. -