THE -? OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND MONDAY, APRIL 28t 1919. C3 AX INDEPENDENT OTCWRTAPE C. S. JACKHO ....Pabliabaf Published rtrrr day, afternoon and "?" Buillnr, Broadway end .; Tamhlu ; Street. fort una, uregow. , - - -- -- tutored at the Postoffk a Portland. ". (or transmtaaion through the mails M second . class nutter. j " -'- - ' iXEPHONKS Main TITS! How, "A-01. All departments reached by tbeee nbere. TU the operator ok ....... rOKJCIOJI ADVEHTI81NQ BEPRSSKNTATIVB Benjamin & Kentnor Co.. Brunrtrli Blimn, 225 Fifth erenuav New lorkj 00 Mailers building. Chicago, i SutMcrtrrtt'rtt term by nail, or to enj address la the. L'nited States or Mexico: ' DAILY (MOUSING OB AfTJEBNOOK). On rar.... 65.00 (Jm wntt .SO SUNDAY V Ou year. . I .2.0 I On month..... .21 WILT iUORXlSO OR AFTERNOON) AND . . 8UNDAT - One year.... ,87.00 J Ooe month $ .61 - Blessed Is ha who baa found hia work: let" bim ask bo other bleaswdnasa. Thomas -Curly. FROM SAGEBRUSH TO ALFALFA fvfHEY have Irrigation down to , sucn a line poini in me uoise valley that they ; drain and '. re capture the water from Irrigated districts and: Irrigate other lands with it. It is a case of using the same water twice for reclaiming the soil. ' The man who passed over the sage brush plains of that region a gen eration ago and supposed that men would never Inhabit it could not make himself believe In a visit to It now that he was - looking upon the same country. ; V It Is densely populated. . There are thriving modern towns all - over it. Nampa, Wciser, . Caldwell, Payette, Emmett and '. others;; have paved streets, MUUlO uuiiuiugi . dUVt VWJ, thriving people. Every 40, 60. 80 or 100 .acres of rue space between and around them is a farm, a farm on which the owner is making money. He Is producing alfalfa from which he has been getting around 1100 per acre per year, sometimes more. Veg etables are grown1 which are canned and soid all over the world. One cannery puts up, a single vegetable, and Is one of the biggest of the can neries devoted to a single product In America. ;Wheati fruits, potatoes and cereals of every variety are grown in prodigality.. Residents there claim that one acre of irrigated land will support two cows seven months in -' the year, or produce five to e'ght tons of alfalfa, or 14 to 20 tons of corn ensilage. Cat tle and sheep which feed part of the season in .distant mountains and other summer ranges are driven Into the valley to be fed through the winter. ':' -i :-- :- The 'federal government has spent 116.729,842 on Irrigation in Idaho. The farmers have spent another great sum. ' They have a district irriga tion law there very similar to that in Oregon. ' - In the -Boise valley, 411,000 acres are under irrigation, of which 171, C00 we in cultivation through farm ers' ditches, and 240,000 under federal projects. , The latter is mostly fed water impounded by: the ;Arrowi Rock dam, 350 feet high, said to be the highest In the world. : It forms a lake 3 miles, long and one to three- miles wide, and is 23 miles distant from Boise. The dam Is , hollow, and by a long stairway,' visitors go down Into its dizzy and gloomy depths. Its foundation rests on bedrock, 90 feet below the bed of the Impounded river The lake Is a famous fishing resort ?'-; The transformation of tWs sage brush desert Into a busy beehive of productivity was the work of Irriga tion. Anyone -who looked upon the original semi-arid region as it- was and beholds it now as it is, is forced to become a lifelong convert to recla rnationJ Primitively a wild in which only rabbits and sage hens could sur vive, it Is- densely populated and traversed both by.; railroads and in terurban Klines with more building - n-1 to be built. . - . -: The process In the Boise and Pay- t tta valleys, and elsewhere, has raised I :.aho Into far higher i importance as a state. In population it Is swiftly lining on Oregon.. It Is doing the mo in ' farm production. In area, : ir.ho is only 84,800 v square miles gainst Oregon's 96,000, but It has a population approximating half a mil lion -against .Oregon's three quarters. At the iicad of the Boise valley is Toise, a beautiful and progressiva :ty. It stood still ? In " growtti and ! -nportance 7 for a long period. The omes and farms that .appeared7 on c former ; 6age brush plain . started '. on aniv career, and Boise now is a population of 30,000. " One third of its homes afe heated i th hot water irom artesian wells ilhin a mile of the city. A huge latorium, where an orchestra plays t night, is" heated in the same way, ' streets are very wide and most them are paved. Th Capital ws. presided over Xy Story 'Sheri ri, formerly of Ttosebyg, - and V the ming Statesman, are the i; city ? i a pers.. v ; t ' r-' vii so ba?in, CO miles to the north. Is credited with " an output1 of gold aggregating; $300.000,000 In value. wltfttn 100 miles are gold, silver, copper,, lead" and zino -which will ul timately develop enormous Industries of which Boise will be the headquar ters and outlet. When you know what Irrigation has done for Idah, it J impossible . not ia. favor every-thrng- that will advance irrigation In Oregon. " There are cases of persons with appetites for food 'that cannot be satisfied. In England there is a little girl of 8, who is guarded by " a keeper' to prevent her frorh devour ing household goods. Escaping from her. attendant one day, she ate an entire raw codfish, two pounds of kitchen candles, and several pounds of butter. She was discovered be fore she attacked other foods. In another case, a joung woman ate 29 raw eggs, six pounds oi butter, five loaves of bread, and drank three pints of milk and two; bottle of wine. In another case a, boy devoured his clothes. ALL TRUE A GREAT deal of truth was put before the Portland council 'at the hearing on - the ,Mann. . plan for free factory sites.. "That the natural advantages of Portland's location tower - over those in other 'Paclfio coast cities, that Eastern business men admit it, and I that goods are shipped " from the East to Puget Sound via Portland," was the statement of H. H. Ward. He offered figures showing that ether coast, clUes with facilities far inferior to Portland's were doing a much heavier Import; and export business, largely because of dis crimination against Portland by rail roads, which, he claims, could not be practiced if Portland had large manufacturing enterprises, proper terminals and the 'Spirit. Mr. Ward contended that the trans continental roads 'cannot show a profit on their local business, that Lthey must secure : transcontinental shipments,- and that ff Portland would send business through the Panama, canal it would force, rec ognition of this port by - the roads. He said : The roads would be compelled ' to eliminate th . haul of 7000 feet over the mountains to San Francisco and 8000 to Pujret . sound and come to Portland for their business. Nor has -any statement been made at any time more true than 'the fol lowing by Mr. Ward: In the past, larg-a industrial estab lishments have paaeed Portland by and g-one to San Francisco and Puget sound to locate because they could not be assured of shipping- facilities here. They had no rail and water . frontage for their plants: and Uiey could not get cheap sites. j-.- . t . Just that thing has happened many times. What is more,, it is the fact that concerns in Portland - frequently pull up stakes and move their plants and business to Puget sound. " A concluding statement in the dis cussion was thatr'five, per cen of the people of Portland own the fac tory sifts, .and th:ey ; hold "the: . so high - ttfat . they discourage the at tempts 4)f industry to locate in Port land." - V It is all true, notoriously, admit tedly, destructively true. Italy, under the League of Nations, could . have her frontiers and de tached territory made secure without a great standing army.- The agree ments and securities under the league would cost her far less than the price she must pay if she per sists in'lrcr foolish break at Paris. Her government has little gratitude for American shipping, American food and American fighting men sent her during the dark days when Ger man and Austrian hordes were quar tered" along the Plave. BUSINESS AT LONG RANGE BEFORE the government took over the railroads each road' was free to purchase its ties where they could be secured to the best ad vantage. Tie -producers through out the United States found markets wherever their freight rates would carry them. Due to climatic and other condi tions, different roads used different sizes and grades of ties, and this practice proved to the advantage of the producer, for it provided mar kets for low grade and small sized ties. thus preventing waste in cut ting and the piling up of an unsala ble, side- out. . Since the government : has taken over the .railroads the purchasing departments have been centralized. In Washington, there is a director of purcnases,, and under him there are regional purchasing agents. The re gional purchasing agent for the North west has his office in Chicago. He handles the purchases in the North west through the purchasing agent of : the Southern : Paclfio company, whose office Is in San Francisco. Ties 3 produced along the line ; of any railroad must be sold to ' or through the purchasing agent of that road. All ties produced along the lines of the South efh Pacific must be sold to the purchasing ; agent of - the Southern Pacific. Any railroad in the Southwestern division wishing ties must submit Its order through its purchasing agent to its regional' di rector, who forwards it : to the re? gional purchasing agent at Chicago. He in turn -forwards it out fcst again to the purchasing agent at San Franeisco;"who turns it over to his assistant.1 who gets in touch with; the producers in Oregon and makes the purchase. The government, : of course,," fixes .the - specif Icatlons'" and price ' ' Oregon : has, and it seems always will, suffer through her people hav ing1 to deal with - governmental de partments at -long range.; .The - rail road administration is in the hands of railroad men of unquestioned busi ness ability and it is surprising i to find them adopting the methods which have brought down , on the heads of- other governmental depart ments such a flood of criticism. The taking, over, of the "railroads by the government; and their opera tion as a unit, undoubtedly calls for a more centralized control of pur chases, but it cannot justify prac tices which now prevail in the North west. ... ' - ' : The Northwest produces most of the ties used by the , roads west of the Mississippi. Hundred of mills are engaged in the business. Yet the railroad administration deals with these producers through Chicago and San Francisco. v A small tie producer wishing to discuss matters affecting his busi ness finds it very inconvenient and exasperating when forced to, go to San Francisco or await thet coming of some assistant purchasing agent- Nearly all of the misunderstandings and bad feeling which exist today between the Hie producers and the railroad administration have grown out of this situation. 1 If the railroad administration wishes to, relieve itself of this grief. it should appoint a purchasing agent for the Northwest and give him an office in Portland, as it is the cen ter of the tie producing territory. Should the . tie producers be igiven an opportunity to deal at short range with an official who possesses some knowledge of the lumber busi ness and a reasonable amount of tact, most of the differences which threaten to widen the present breach will be removed. The board of education of Wash ington, ' has forbidden the teachers in the high schools of that city to discuss "Bolshevism, the League, of Nations, and other heresies.?- What an educational sys tem 1 If high school teachers may not discuss the pros.and cons of such timely and " current topics as Bolshevism "and the League of Na tions, what are teachers add pupils in school -for? What kind of a board of education is it that styles it "the League of Nations and other heresies?" PREDICTS HIGH PRICES THE secretary of the National Can ners association. In an address at Chicago, s predicts that the puoiio win De asaed to pay a much higher price for canned goods daring the coming year than hereto fore, the end of the war notwith standing. All of which may turn out to oe true. The peculiar thing about the Dre- diction, however, Is to be found in the reasons given by the associa tion secretary. Scarcity of labor and general high cost of materials are given as. the two chief causes for the Impending high level of orices. With the high cost of material all can agree. It Is difficult to think of anything that has not been boosted onto the shoulders of the High Cost some ' place along the line between production and consumption. But shortage of labor is a bogy man whose shadow has not been troubling the publio much here lately. It has been a general and well founded assumption that there was going to be more labor available tharlHnstant places for it to fill dur ing the coming fall and winter. Re turning soldiers are not finding, in all cases, the jobs they were led to believe would be open and waiting for them when they got home. Where they meet this condition thev nra out of employment. Where they do slip back Into their prewar occupa tions they, in many cases, turn adrift some one who has been sub stituting for. them. In -either case there is unemployment. Of course the honorable secretarv may know more about the employ ment situation than the most of us, but nevertheless there is a sort of instinctive feeling that he ought to have chosen some other basic reason for continued high prices of canned goods, if he had expected the pub lic to accept his remarks seriously. Is Portland to taint Oregon's fair fame? Ruy Victory bonds and save tne 'state s reputation. SEEING THE LIGHT EXAMINER MACKLEY of the In terstate commerce commission seems to be opening the doqr of nope to the- producers and ship pers of the Columbia river districts now contending for the establish ment of freight rates based on the water grade haul from Inland Empire to water terminal points. Mr. Mackley has - been considering the contention of the railroad com mission of North Dakota which has been attempting to force the North ern Pacific to grant rates on certain branch liner equal ' to those main tained, upon the main Una of that road, distance of haul and the com petitive character., of ., the business both belna; considered. ' . . - "y" in nis report, ' Examiner Mackley holds," " in substance, 1 that traffic density and cost. Of Operation must be taken Into - consideration in the establishment of branch line rates. In other, words he holds thaUnatural conditions must enter into tWe irate. Heavy grades with consequent - histi operating cost, . conditions requiring abnormal 'maintenance ("charges," such as frequency of extensive washouts necessitating -bridge, and culvert re placements, and low- density of traf fic, are - all to be taken Into con sideration. "There is no requirement of "the act that branch line rates, regardless of differences In conditions of trans portation, shall not exceed the con temporaneous i rates, for .- equal dis tances on the main line. The com mission has frequently recognized, the propriety of' such differences in rates," the report says. A converse application of this logic would result' in the holding that, just as high cost of operation and maintenance justified - a tariff schedule to meet it, so would low operating and fiiaintenance cost war rant rates commensurate therewith. If these premises are correct and if the old rule that rates charged must be .just and reasonable is still an axiom -of the interstate commerce commission it would be a logical deduction that rates should be based on operating cst. Advancing a' step, if It is right and Just that branch line rates-are to be based on operating cost, it is equally equitable for local mainline rates to be' founded on the same logical basis'. There is no reason why a shipper should be required to pay a fictitious and illogical differential just because his goods happen to be hauled over a main line when it is admitted by the commission that, such a condi tion Would be unjust if required on a branch line. Ex aminer Mackley's position squares exactly with the plea of the Inland Empire and Columbia river shippers. It should give them heart to fight . , , IF NO LEAGUE WHAT THEN ? Let the People Now Rally to Their War Time Resolves. (In this" appeal, reprinted from the New Tort that the alternative to a tmi Lu buou xjoiBneram. lie plead with tn peo?Ia ' United Statea not ta fail the world In this hour of crisis. J O Among- the soldiers of the French army, as well an amnnr o... i. - - uiun ul uiv British army, there was, , from the be- sens or despair that civil isation Itself Bhould have been dragged down to such denthn nt AacraA.n i the filth of the battlefields with their wholesale Slaughter of youth and of life's oeauiy ana decency. Their hatred of the Germane who th. tM, - - - uu cub- uU0C of this did not Wind them to the larger iruui mat me wnoie structure and phil osophy of Europe had been damnably gruilty. and that if it had been different O God. In some way different ! not even the Germans would or could have let these devils loose upon the boyhood of the nations and upon women and chil dren. - Over and over again In the early days French officers and men said to me with a thrill of passion in their voices : "If I thought this Thing would ever happen again I would strangle my child In its cradle to save it from such torture." This was said to me not once, nor dosens, nor scores of times, by bloody and bandaged men. but hundreds of times. It was the common, general, passionate thought. And hundreds of times on the British front. in trenches and in dugouts and in officers messes, our own men spoke to me in a similar line of thought. Deeper than their ha tred of the enemy who had brought this thing upon them was their' hatred of statesmen and politicians and men of wealth and learning who had failed to foresee the horrors ahead, who had gone on in the foolish old way sup porting balances of power, framing se cret alliances, influencing national ha tred and rivalries, and maintaining the old philosophy of material force to hold or to grab, with weakness and Ineffi ciency even in that view of life and its meaning. Toung English officers of good family argued passionately in the face of death that all our social struc ture was wrong and that there would be no hope for humanity for which they were going to die they knew that unless some hew relationship between nations could be established, giving at least some postponement and respite to the spasms of slaughter between periods of so-called "peace" which were but a preparation for new massacres of youth. ; . ' a ' ThaX conviction has not been killed by victory. It is in the hearts of the living as it was tn the souls of the dead and I write pi what X know.' It is in the hearts of multitudes of women who gave their first-born and some times their second, and third, and fourth to the devouring- monster of war. It is hot in the brains of millions of work men who watch the politicians of the world with increasing hatred, and dis trust, because of their failure to avert the frightful catastrophe, and their tinkering- .now with problems which must be handled largely and With an un shrinking courage, in order to make the world clean of the foul outrage agajnst civilised ideals on , the corpse-etrewn fields of France. ; Not only clean in. that way, but clean also of old social evils which come largely from the crushing burden of militarism, so that, thisjpelng the iMODocues wno are mveryrjoay, may enjoy more beauty of life, get more of the . fruits of labor, end, build their homes decently, without fear of seeing them in' ruins, and free of even the spectre of the wolf at the door. ,f. It is for' those instinctive : reasonathat the great masses of Europe look to this proposal of a League of Nations with hope, if not with faith. It is all vague to them ; they ; cannot understand by what machinery it will be made possible and powerful, but they believe that, at last, some new arrangement will be made by th statesmen of the world interests : for th peophsa i whom they used as food for guns, cannon fodder. Let us be frank. and put it straight and equare like that, because that is th naked and. terrible truth working in the minds of millions. : J .. . . ; ; If the League of Nations "fails, as, it may. because it ts the most daring effort to lift the organisation of human so ciety to a higher plane of nope, and that is not easy of achievement, there is only on alternative. . For a time I thought ther were two 'i alternative, the firat of which ;-wu- a new combi nation of alliances, leading certainlv to another rac for armaments -and an other grouping of powers until the tlm came for ' the next inevitable :wr, far mere terrible In It wp of slaughter than the -one now ; passed. &. But I am certain now that there Is only one al ternative. What will happen if the league ia-not established with th Im pulse of th world democracy behind It, isl as clear a uniight to discerning minds who are in touch with popular -paursion born out of the sufferings ef the war. What wiU happen is the wild re volt Of many 'peoples against their estab lished forms of government in the mad hop that by anarchy they may gain freedom of their soul and bodies and of their, unborn children to enjoy the fruits of labor in larger measure than now, and in safety against the devas tating terrors of modern warfare. The alternative to a League of Na tions, democratic in its foundations, and powerful by th understanding and faith of peoples machinery from above, will be of no avail ia Bolshevism. ' For Bolshevism ' is the revolt of the mob against leaders who have betrayed it. and against classes who have resisted a new philosophy of life which seeks to replace the fetish-worship of old cru elties by wider brotherhood. It Is"" the madness of mobs, driven to insanity by despair and Xear, I have heard the mutterings of that menace in Europe, not only, in Germany where. th dragon has raised Its head, but also tn Eng land where it is beginning to Btir, America has the supreme chance of any power in the world today because she is looked upon by the peoples of Europe as a fair, unselfish and democratic ar bitrator, aloof from their rivalries, and untainted by the disease which Infected their civilisation. American people that I have met do not. realise this immense power of their mission, nor do they understand that to the European masses, when President Wilson speaks, he speaks,' in their belief, for America her self. Over here. In New Tork. many people repudiate the assertion that the president, speaks for America, and say that he has no authority behind him. If that Is so and Mr. Wilson fails and falls. America may lose this great chance in the history of mankind ; and in any case. if. with President Wilson or with out him, the League of Nations, falls, then the world will, in my belief: crash into the gulfs of widespread ' anarchy. Letters From the People f CommT-nleatkrat sent to The Journal for rmhlicatioB ia this department ahot-M be written on only one aide of the paper, should not exceed 800 word in leneth. and must be signed by the writer, wnoee mail addreas in full moat accom pany the contribution. J The Ballot, Not Bolshevism Portland, April 26. To the Editor of The Journal I have read Mr. Morss' reply to a man who wanted light on Bolshevism. This is my addendum to the reply: Mr. Morss does not give all that Bolshevism stands for. On pa per. I expect it stands for the things enumerated by Mr. Morss, but in prac tice it stands for robbery, assassina tion, violence, hatred and many other vOe things. The farmer is robbed of his crop, the woman of her virtue, the fcitizen of his life and the industrious of their peace. Politically, the citizen is denied right of suffrage, and liberty ts suppressed by autocracy. These things belong to Bolshevism as It has worked out, and evidently differs from Bolshevism On paper. Another thing: It is the essence of tyranny by ignoramuses. Do you think for a moment, that our civilization is going to go forward on a program con structed by men that think of nothing but filling their stomachs and indulging their lust? Does the hodcarrier succeed the architect? And finally: We in America look forward to still better things than what we have already attained. "Onward and upward forevermore,' is the spirit of our growth." We do not get our aspirations from th illiterate nations of Europe, from races born and bred In ignorance and superstition. We are a free people and can adopt any laws we need by the use 'of the ballot, thank God! - ' My chief objection, to Bolshevism is their tyranny. Any program that will give a man the just compensation for his work is what we want, no matter what the name. I realise as weU as Mr. Morss that the distribution of wealth has not been just, but my remedy is not to cure a disease by means of crime. The ballot must be the last and supreme power by which a free people evolve and progress. No doubt the masses in Russia had many dire griev ance, and I hold they can be adjusted only by a free ballot. ERNEST BARTON.. Inquiries on Military Hatters Following are answers to Questions received by The Journal : Anxiety. There is only one Ameri can "army of occupation." It is railed the Third army, and also the army of oc cupation. These are terms that mean the same thing. The Sixth livWioo is simply , a part of the Third army or army of occupation. An -army corps comprises four to six divisions. There have been no recent subtractions of di visions from the army of occupation. An Anxious Sister. "X. P. O. 705" sig nifies Bordeaux. Base hospital 114 :s at Beau Desert, a few miles from Bor deaux. It is not listed for early return. Anxious Father. 'No inf ormati yn a to aero squadron 352. - Discussing Taxes and Labor Portland, April 24. To the Editor of The Journal We read in the papers that a war tax of 10 per cent is now to be put on many things which the commo i peo ple need to live. Further we real that business men are to collect it for the government on th good they aell. This will naturally let th business people, in the average, come off scot free, for the latter exist or are founded on the prin ciple of exchange among themselves; that is, exchange and consume .he fur plus values of labor. On the other hand, it i labor that must pay for everything with its mere wag payroll in. its hand, mwA ttiua Ath.ro trt mt I m .Tlini 1ab5- pays the whole war coet in every way. To put a war tax on he vods it uses has the calamitous effect jf that much quicker snatching his hard-warned payroll away from him. This in turn Is equivalent to hi. wages oelng eu and. if he 1 not going to stand for sucn a joke in any form then he must demand that much more wages. More wages means higher prices, and vice versa, and so on in a vicious circle. ; Thus the trouble has hardly tarted, but it seems to be necessary n the lawa of nature and God to educate man up to th fact that labor produce all values, and though he supports para sitic consumer on his back, it cannot he in any way th parasite who naturally has anything with which he can possibly be made to pay taxes or any one but only the laborer who has. and must also pay in on form or another, rher tm no other way. Thus is labor made to pay it all.' . . If labor did not use the strikft t could not exist At alL , - Labor .must " wake up and adopt th great principle of unity of action and take back it own, that ia, surplus vahies. .. The true laborer, -of which Jacob was the type, is he who Is not indiffereat to what .by natur is -his own. For watch him work 20 years for labao.' And the latter tried to cheat him 10 times in bis i wages, and fmaOy Jacob hid to make his getaway' by night secretly, for Labau wouldn't approve of Jacob's lib-' erty, neither by day nor by night, Labau Went after him rthfnklng to lo evil to him) but the Lord told him not to, but to reason it out with him ; and of rourfce Jacob won. Consequently Labau saw best to sneak back by night gfalt own place, for . his arguments could not stand COMMENT AND SMALL CHANGE The old fashioned devil-may-care brother who fills a gasoline tank by lan tern light showed .up again this week in ntheastern Kansas and heaven. The Emporia Gazette. An anarchist republic has been pro claimed t Ivandstovozeneeenck. A pinch of snuff Inserted .in the nostril at the psychological moment might bring the calamity to a successful climax. ' . V ; j Well, here's Coney Island with the first ones of the season. . Charlotte Da vidson and Elsie Ebetch thought they were bathing on the sand ofWaikikf. They were arrested for. wearing one piece bathing suits, minus stockings, -i - 5 Among the wild rumors circulated among the ignorant at Seoul, Korea, during the 3 nationalist demonstrations was one that President Wilson would come to Seoul in an airplane and drop bombs on the offices of the governor geneiaL' " - . - : e ' "Noted Lecturer to Lecture Tomorrow. Lincoln McConnell, Noted Lecturer, Will Lecture to Members of the Commercial Ciub at S12 o'clock." HeadHne In the Baker Herald. We take It that Mr. Mc Connell. the lecturer, simply insisted upon lecturing. MEN AND INSTITUTIONS OF THE OREGON COUNTRY By Fred Hn tliie article Mr. Lockley adda a third chapter to the recital ef the career of O. M. Phiramer. sow general nianafer of the Pacific International Lireetoek xpotition, who trace" the riae of Portland's ttackrerdt inUretts. at the earn time pursuing the narratire of hia iatereatins personal career. , "In 1888 my mother and I came out to Portland," said O. M. Plummer to me a day or two ago. "W jrot special rate on account of the G. R- con vention at San Francisco. I had always thought that if ever a day came when I ' was rich enough . I would ride in a Pullman palace drawing room car. On the farm back in Maine I had watched these, cars go by, and as I looked through the plate glass windows at the people sitting inside, it seemed they must belong to a different and prob ably a superior order of 4iunanity. When we came out from Maine to Oregon. I wanted to ride on one of these Pullman cars, but we couldn't afford it. As I remember now, we were constantly changing car, usually in the middle of the night. We reached Portland July a 1,' 1886. . "In those days, John Reld, one of the prominent members of the Arling ton club, was a ship chandler. His place of business was in the old flat Iron build ing at the corner of Ankeny and Vine streets, between First and Front. I went to work for him. It was not long before I knew every boat that plied on th Willamette river by the sound of its whistle. One of my best friends in those days was Colonel John Lalng, who came from Maine to Portland in 1871. He was With the Oregon Transportation company and had charge of the Alns worth -dock. I got a job there as de livery clerk, working under George Hoyt, who was the manager of the delivery system at the dock.' He was like a father to me. He was well fixed financially, but he loved the work, so he stayed with his job. When he retired I suc ceeded him. At that time Edward Cock lngharo was with the O. R. & N. com pany and Wilbur Coman was one of my fellow clerks. From the O. R. As N. I went to the S. P. as a clerk. My job was to collect freight bills from the local firms. In dealing with the banks, I became acquainted with a great many of the men who are now prominent bank ers, but who in those days were bank clerks or receiving tellers. - vin the late nineties, two Yamhill coun ty farmers named Merchant and Yo eum were running the Union stock yards. I got a job with them as bookkeeper and cashier. There were only five men em ployed. I soon found my job included the additional duties of being salesman and helping unload stock. Very often a load of stock would come in in the middle of the night and we would have to get up and unload It. - There was no such thing in those days as an eight hour day, or union hours. "In 1897 we received a carload of choice Willamette valley hogs. They were so fine that we paid 15c a hundred ad vance over market quotations. Good or dinary hogs were selling at 82.50 per hundred. We paid 82.85 per hundred for 1 in JB friuau. A . u..i-.ii ... ....... .... ..... at that time and they thought I was a visionary that the day would come in Oregon when choice hogs would bring 4c a pound and that wheat would be worth 81 a bushel fed to hogs and mar keted in the form of pork. AVIATION SHOW FOR HOLLAND By W. J. L. Kiehl , Special CorreBpondence'to The Journal and The Chkeeo Daily New. Amsterdam In Amsterdam nfext July is to be held a big exhibition of aviation as applied to peaceful air traffic. The idea is to interest Dutch capital and to show what has been done in other coun tries to perfect the airship and airplane for peace uses. There are to be three large halls 100 meters high, an air har bor and flying camp. England Is send ing a big exhibit and the Dutch mili tary attache in France Is now arranging with the French government and air plane makers for a French exhibit. Hol land is still very backward In aviation, but it is hoped the exhibition will give the impulse to compete with the other "nTrovernment has decided to plac the test of right reason, nor daylight I wonder if labor must do about the am in shaking off the yoke of pervltule and Se sword! RABENDROTH. A Soldier States a Grievance Camp Lewis, April 24. To the Editor of Th Journal. I am a graduate of O. A. C and have been across with th Ninety-first division. 864th : infantry, I went to tell you a few facts.5 We left Camp Mills. 78 men afl four officers, in two cars. We had one man taken off the car at Camp Lewis with measles. We have been, put Into quarantine for j4 day. Our four officers, who rod in the same coaches with us, have been discharged, because officer can't con tract or spread disease, because they have bars on their shoulders. Men at this noon in the same mess hall 15 min utes after w did. and they are " not quarantined.' ts It Justice to returning soldier to treat them thus? ' BERGT. JOB. M. UNDERWOOD. Hq.- Co. 364th Infantry. Camp Lewis, Detachment J4th Infantry, 26th Co., 166th Depot Brigade. -Stand By the President '..--". Frosa the Independent ' -Wood row Wilson is more than the president of th. United States. He is ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to th world's court. Ha is more than a party leader,- H ia the leader of the liberals . of. all nations. He i trying to put a stop to the greatest war tn history and to put into effect the greatest political conception that ever entered the mind of man. He ha been placed in the position of arbiter of th destiny of a score of nation- and of the happiness of untold generations. He I beset by conflicting claims, fcarassed NEWS ift BRIEF SIDELIGHTS ' ' Delinquent dog owners of Hood River have been notified by the city marshal that canine lioenseleanneM. is going to cost them $8 per, this year. Bunding ia talcing on ' a- brisk move ment at Baker.. the Democrat says, and prospect are bright for carpenter ana others in the construction line. . - By the retiring f the horse drawn ap paratus at house No. 4 and the substitu tion of a motor truck, Astoria's fire de partment has become a 100 per cent motor proposition. After two years in which all effgr" have been directed toward th ea Cross, the ladies of the Presbyterian church at Donald have set about raising a fund for a resident pastor's salary and to lift the $400 church debt. , "As showing his appreclationof the boy who has done service for his coun try, Robert f M. Betta, president and manager of the Baker Mines company, at Cornucopia, offers." says the Baker Democrat, "an opportunity for die charged soldiers to learn mining and an advancement as fast as proficiency is shown. He also offers', good wages. Lockley "We bought and sent carload after carload of stock pigs to Nebraska to be fattened on corn. We paid two cents a pound, and received three cents a pound at -Nebraska feeding points. For the best quality steer we paid two and one-half cents a pound and one and one half cents a pound for cows. We paid one cent a pound for bulls and from one and one half to three cents for mutton. t ' . "If you know the O'Shea brothers, Johnny and Jimmy, you know they were always together. You rarely saw one without the other. John F. O'Shea and J. B. O'Shea would usually come down to the stockyards about daylight. Johnny would say to Jimmy; "What do youT think about it, Jimmy? Can we afford to pay one and one-half cents a pound for those cows? Jimmy would usually shake his head and say : 'It's too much ; it's too much.' They .were close buyers and good business men. ''.' "In 1902 Warren Merchant sold out his interest in the stockyards to William Henry Harrison Morgan of Sauvtes Isl and. Morgan had taken up a donation land claim there- in the early fifties. I think he still owns It Mr.. Morgan re tained a half interest and sold a quar ter interest to W. H. Daughtrey and a quarter interest to me. Along about 1907 Mr. Daughtrey and I bought Mr. Morgan's half interest for 825.000. We knew the S. P. & 8. was contemplating coming in and would probably buy the property there. Mr. Morgan knew it also, but said, 'If they, do, you fellows can make a little money. I am getting my price, mo I am satisfied.' We had hardly paid Mr. Morgan his 825,000 until the S. P. St decided to purchase the property. They made us an offer of 8100,000. which we accepted. As soon as we sold we took an option on the Maeghly tract of 400 odd acres. This was at the Junction or tne u. . . and S. P. St a. iWe took this option at 8100 per acre. . We let the option ex pire, and not very long thereafter it was sold for 81000 an acre. The reason we let the option expire was that .the Swift family bought out the Union Meat company. They arranged to buy a big tract of land at what was then known as Oregon slough, ; now known as North Portland harbor. Louis Swift said to us, 'You locate your stockyards on this tract am retain the management of the busi ness. We will come In with you and build a strictly up-to-date stockyard." In September, 1909, they moved to the new location. "I believe I was one of the first people in the game to recognize the value of indirect promotion by advancing all worthy enterprises in th Northwest. I realised that by so doing one advances his own interest. Even if the business seemed in no way related to our own, I realized that by helping It succeed I would be adding to the general prosper ity and that our business was bound to prosper as other enterprises made good. "For 20 years I was secretary and treasurer of the stockyards and one of the directors. I retired in 1917. In being general manager of the Paclfio International Livestock exposition I reel that I am representing the breeders of livestock interest in the entire North-' west, and that I am helping to put Port land and the West on the map." the air service department under the ministry of waterways, Ilk th railways. Until private concerns take up the. air service, it is to be carried on with gov ernment machines and the assistance of the departments of war and marine. Amsterdam will probably be the first Dutch air harbor,- and during th exhibi tion, daily flights are to b taken to The Hague, whose municipality i going to prepare a Iarg landing camp. Several times during the exhibition, flights to and from England are to be taken under arrangement with a British firm. Visi tors to the exhibition will be given the opportunity of going as passengers on some of then flights or in th ma chine for short flight over the en virons of Amsterdam. (Copyright, 1919. by Chicago Daily News Co.) and hampered by the most powerful of. selfish interest. ; He Is, now at the critical point when -all may be lost in a moment if those' who believe In what he stands for do not stand by him.:, . No matter whether we like Wilson or not, no matter whether we belong to his party or not, no matter whether we think he deserves hi high position or not. , whether we think he is competent or not. he is there and if we want to see American Ideals victorious and Amerl ,can principles prevail it is Only by up porting him that this can be done. Th armistice does not absolv us from our obligation dt loyalty to th head of th nation. This is no time for personal spite, ' private mistrust and partisan politics to coma Into play. Th presi dent Is tarrying the American flag into foreign lands, into the . future. He should have the united backing of the United States. Stand by the president. Olden Oregon Early Coeducation at UmPQua Acad emy a Very Formal Affair. Th .question -Of coeducation was re solved by the administration of Umpqua academy by the following regulation: ThM Institution being open for .both sexes, we will define their relative posl tlons.rhey ar to have no intercourse in school hours or recitations. : Under no circumstances ; are they to. join in play . either about the school or else where, unleaw at home and members of the same family. - In short, their Inter course, if any, shall b confined to polite, respectful conversation ; such as would be entirely becoming if it were In the presence of their parents or other revered personages." Ragtag and Bobtail Stories From Everywhere i " Neglected Education - DANNY Lyon went' away from far Bast Sixteenth street 20 years ago, , says the New. York Sun, becam a au- -cersful business man In the West, re cently returned to visit his boyhood haunts, met an old friend, Mrs, Murphy, reintroduced himself, and after a long eoffajp about old acquaintances asked.: .'And Paddy Sweeney? What becam of my old pal Paddy r -II was a contractor. Made a mllj yn dollars and was drowned." Paddy made a -million Why, h conidn t read nor write." "Nor awlm." Crawling Time When -April comee again each aprinf Aa I the worm begin te erael The veriooa bug do llkewiae. And you bat that len t all ' a. The Miakee crawl through the neadewa and the vpidef from the erecea; The nun erawl down behind the tree And toe chilla erawl down our backs, ' There are rhlggera in the wildwood And ticka on every hand. . And entt crawl -in the nugar. And the fleaa are full of eand. - , So if you would to a fUhln Beware of things that creep And alao iltde and equina and erawl And likewise run and leap. 'Poetic lieonas. mointni, th unl I. full Ilea. . i E. F. B. in Chicago News. : J Uncle Jen Snow Says: With f ha nnn. rA . U . . - wwv U ui, DVIIVUI twviivi ei llnin' labor linlnnx nruthh thav'll ha able to git nigh the pay of ar sewer urger Dy m by. t : 1. The News in Paragraphs " World Hapoenlngs Briefed for Benefit : of Journal Readers J 1 GENERAL nh fSarlaa Mml .........11 . 1 la Saturday." . r. - ""r Ledbnen Chinnit, self-styled represent ative of th Russian soviet government, will be deported from BrasIL T The Staamara Miaalana mil Alfmaa. were recently bunk off the Chilean coa& r , j tun vi uie is reporiea, Th Onrmaii )l, tuiuerence, n is announcea, win net ar 3-- rive at verBauies Derore May l. . ......... . I a V. WU 1 1 LI J U C ea rA tho nr1r nf kn.il will .it . its former level, no matter how low th - p i oi nour may rail. i Carl Spats flew from Helena to Great r'nlls. Mont., in an alrnlana. a Almi a rtr.a 65 mile, in 45 minutes. i ." The first contingent of 1000 recruits recently .enlisted to relieve men in-th army of occupation, will leave Camp Meade for France April 80. T Fifi-hteen bunrTra1 halranr amnlA,,a X San Francisco threaten to strike un less mey are given an eight-hour da and an increase of 81 per day in wage, Removal of all ration Itmltatlona on exports to the northern neutral Vcoun. tries,, excepting finished munitions of -war, is announced by the war trad board. . .. i A report comes from Korea that Japi anese troops in a hamlet near Seoul summoned the male Christians of th village to the church and shot and bay oneted them. I .Railroad construction on th governl ment line between Nenana. and Fair banks, Alaska, is . proceeding, eve . though congress failed to pass the ape propriation measure. NORTHWEST NOTES Robert H. Hunt has been appointed postmaster at Rose .Lodge, - JUncolt county. . . . Between April 1 and April 19, 875 carl loads of potatoes were shipped out of tin i Yakima valley. J. C Saucerman of Sutherltn, Or., hai just received ' word of the death of Jiii son Otto last August in France. Fifteen per cent of the teachers In the Yakima publio schools have failed sign their contracts for next year. Steps are being taken by th Toledc city council to secure the paving of the Pacific highway through that town. j Ifooulam la to have a steel rolllnar mill with a capacity of 100 tons a day. thj first unit of which will employ .150 men. Bank deposits at Astoria on March 4. totaled 87,610.000, an increase of 81,206,4 000 over the corresponding (late last year. I The nostoffice department ha ordered: the establishment of three-tlmes-awek , mail service between s-rinevi U and Meadows, Or. Reedsport. th new and growing town orl the lower Umpqua river, ha added to Its other social affairs a Moos loda-e.i wun ? memoer. Despite high-priced materials, a sub stantial building boom is on In La Grande. Many new residences and busl ne houses are going up. Th Marshfield volunteer fire depart ment has etarted work on it 88000 pa vilion, which will have quarters for the company ana a aance nail. , Arthur Walwyn Evans, noted Welsh lecturer and a nephew of Lloyd George, is billed for a lecture at Oregon Agri cultural college In the near future. The board of education of the Marsh- field district has named a budget ef sns.uuu ror tne nest acnooi year, an in crease of 8700O over th past year, . Ill health and domestic troubles are eld to have been the cause of th sui cide at Hillsboro Saturday of John Q. Johnson, retired farmer and road super visor; . -. ... -- A new wag scale filed with employers by the cooks and waiters of Spokane calls for an eight-hour day, a six-day week, and an increase In wages of 10 a month. : . . FOREIGN . Germany has sent Into exile 278 royal ists. -Estimates place the number of deaths from influenza amonf th natives of th Belgian Congo at more than 500,000. Under a ruling of the army air net-vice, army flyers and plane cannot com pete tn exhibitions for purses and indi vidual prises. Japan is considering the construction of a new cable line across th Paclfio to insure better communication be tween Japan, and the United States, ' Nothing ha been heard for mora thn a year of Captain Jo Bernard, who set out on the schooner Teddy Bear in 1916 to make- the Northwest passage. The China Development bank has been granted a . charter at Peking. This In stitution is a Chlno-Amerlcan corporation.- representing a fusion of several American interests. Little by Little and Bit by Bit, Savings Soon Ac- -cumulate. . ' (Btoriea of achievement la toe aeemiaole tioa of War Sarins- Stamps, sent to The Journal and accepted for publication, will - he awarded s Thrift Stamp, i taa . V -i ; Wher did he get Is? That surprising 825 or 850 or 8100? In a lump a prosperity swelling never known bef or. t Didn't do without anything Im portant was just as happy, just aa well fed, and clothed and housed maybe better. Had more fun. Ask him or her or th youngster. They'll ay, - "Thrift Stamps and War Savings Stamps" Helped them to spend wisely get full value real value In things, comfort, fun. Made it easier to hold onto foolish money. '. ,- Thrift Stamps and 1919 War Cav ing Stamp ? now on sale at usual agencies. -