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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (March 31, 1919)
THE OREGON DAILY - JOURNAL, PORTLAND, MONDAY- MARCH SI. 1513. AW TXDEFENDEJTf , n C. 8. 3ACKHON . . . .v PubUsbar I'ublbbed every 'dsr. eftersooa and morning (ex- , eept Hunday afternoon,, at Tb Journal Build 1ns, Bx4m end lamliiU (tract. i'ortiend, Oregon, .... .v- "---' - Uctered at the Postotfiee M Fartlaml, Oregon, fnr trsnsmiasloa through tha malls M second. eJaas matter. -M: , ' Tk:i.KPHiit:H Uiin 11T1: Home. A-6031 , All drpert meats mchad by these number. Tell the, operator what department yon want. VOREIGM AIVEBTlSl5fi BEPBEdENTAl'tTK - Benjamin fc Keutnor Co., Brunswick Building. 228 ttfth avenue, Kew Tort; 00 Mailers Building, Chicago. BubK-riptioa term by mail in Oregon and Wub ingttm: 1 s -- VADuT (MOUSING OH AFTERNOON) . One year. ...... f S.AO I On month. .....$ .80 BVVVAX. One year. $2.60 f Om month $ .20 XMILT (MOHNINO OR AFTERNOON AND - SUNDAY One year. ...... $7.50 On month. . . . . $ .65 L'l- . "" .,. 1 A propensity to hap and Joy is real , Tic be; one to tea, and sorrow, real poverty. Hum. A COMING 'FIGHT iVXPAYFTRS of Multnomah rountY $ii " I la. general, and taxpayers and . school patrons' within the county . but outside the Portland school district In particular, are confronted ; with an entirely new problem In the conduct and management of ; the schools under the jurisdiction of the county school superintendent through -the enactment of senate bill 45, which will, be chapter 93 of the session laws jot 119. Tills f Is "o not only because the provisions of the act entirely change the present, county school system, , so far as Its managerial operation ta concerned, but also because it In volves , a school election, either special: or regular,- at which the voters of 'the county districts, out j side. of Portland, will vote either to j accept or reject the plan outlined In and provided by the law. : j - Stated as ; briefly as possible, the avv pruviues mat iu vi me- bcuoiu t districts in the county, except the r into and constitute one unified county . school -..-district under the supervision and- control of a county board of education composed of five mem bers. .. Within SO days after the act be rcomes effective, the. law requires the county boundary board to divide the whole , of Multnomah county, routsida "of the ; Portland district, tnto five i zones or voting' districts,, giving j each such distrii ' a number ranging consecutively from one to five in- elusive. Each4 voting district shall j be so divided ' that it will contain, jas nearly asf practicable, an equal j number of children , of school age,' fit being required, however, that nqi j existing school district Shall be j thrown f partly in one voting district 1 and partly in another. Within : 30i days from ' the time i the law trnpst intn effprt. olnftlnna j shall be held each of tle voting .districts for the purpose of electing a member of the county; board of . education to represent that district. $ The term of office Is fixed at one , year. ; SThe county school superin - tendent Is to be ex-of flcio the sec ure tary of the board of education, iand each member of the board shall jbe paid his actual and necessary expenses , Incurred in attending the . meetings of the board. The ' OH also provides that all of the. property, real and personal, of the districts coming under the con solidation shall become the property of the county district, while all of 4.tne obligations of any district are to Kbe assumed by th3 couity district t The duties of the county board jjof education are, primarily, to main 3 tain elementary schools, high schoels 1 and ' vocational j schools, and - to pro f, vide for their operation t and ; main ? tenance. Diiring the first week of N December of each year the board "of education Is required to cll j a budget meeting, at wiich the-bud-: I gets for the various districts are to be fixed. School levies are limited j to six mills - unless a greater levy is fpeclflcally authoriaed by the yoters I of the district, while the Indebted riess of the county district Is limited at all - times to -IOOjOOO. -j The ' act still further deUils the I dl'tlfta and , DQwp.rs at ' tha mmiv board of education and of the vari- J ous d'stritft board of directors, whose tenure and power are still retained, but - subject to , the general super . f vision and control of the county board of education. v I The act provides, finally, that Jact takes effect, which will be on May 29 next, a regular or .special school election shill be called by the county chool . superlniendenti oh .a gdrte fixed by hm, to be held in J each of the county school districts I affected b; .the act, at which the I question shall be submitted as to whether the . county, shall -come within the provisions of the act. If a majority of the voters r voting ! upon the quesvion vole in favor thj consolidatiot the law will be i come effective a to the whole of the cour.ty. Should' the majority vote against the consolidation, ' the act will not Uts-effect. -The proponents of the act contend that Its approval by the county dis tricts wUl b- g about a r.ucbmore systematic and coordinated plan of school management throughout the county; that it will tend to stand ardize the courses of study and the general conduct' of. the county schools, bringing ; all districts' to gether under a common leadership working uoon a common Plan. Already the people1 of the county are beginning debate the law pro nd - con, and it promises to become one of V e live educational topics during the next , two or three months. It Is undoubtedly the : in tention to place f he question before the voters at an early date in order that the consolidated system may be put Into' operation wl!S 1 the begin ning , of the coming school year. should the vo rs of the county so decide. " - -!-": . , CONTROVERSY THE San Francisco Call prints an unusually thoughtful editorial on the " revivel of. bitterness In political coctrcvers. It dis cerns c:eeping Into - the r papers, "a species of invect.ve that has been comparatively unknown in American public life In recent years." The incident; that seems V to have set the Call's mind at. work on this subjecS was a currish reference to the president's wife in the Chicago Tribune. ; How shall .we explain this "revival of lnve-:tIveT The Call C believes that it is due to a corresponding re vival of political sincerity or earnest ness. -When v" men's feelings are aroused about . anything they rarely discuss it calmly. Harsh epithets fly around. J Controversy grows . bit ter. Political tolerance may -signify, perhaps, that there Is no , Issue . on the carpet wortUI getting warm pver. But today there are plenty of Issues and big ones. New answers are demanded to i old questions. Old political and economic formulas are going , into the I discard. Old In stitutions are on their way to the scrap heap. The s world Is In process of remaking. '. In the United States the process has hardly begun as yet. Wit men feel instinctively J that it 4 is inevit able. Premonitions, of coming change and danger stir their feelings to the depths. . Information on current events is scinty. Passion is apt to take the place of. reflection. Pre conceived Ideas pervert the stream of thought, but I unquestionably .the people of the United States have begun to line up - on one side and the other of the predestined struggle. We shall have no more honey and pie politics for years to come in all likelihood. We t shall have contco- versy stern and bitter going to the rootsv of things.; Shall we shrink from it? Not if 1 we are worthy of the fathers from , whom we inherit the Republic. They, were not afraid of hard fighting; to found it Their sons will not shrink from hard con troversy to maintain it. 5 Open debate, free discussion, full information,, should be the watch words ef good Americans If with it all we have invective what of it? Harsh lanffliaep. kills nnhnrfv. Vsa ttesmea know that it is a safety valve which of tan prevents killing. Hardl y any desirable citizen can fail to take pride in the current financial .report 01 ue uupont pow der company which covers part .of the period of the war. In that period, from 1915 to 1918, the thrifty company r declared dividends amount ing to 458 per cent on the par value of its original S stock. Whatever carping critics may say, the Dupont shareholders agree that the war was a success. If another ; must coma they will grieve.1 of course, but thev will be able to reconcile themselves to it as not without mitigating cir cumstances.. V. I , ' ; SURETY BONDS INCIDENTAL to the letting of high way construciion contracts is a controversy over the -form of bond to be exacted from the contractor. whether it is to be one furnished by a susety company or a Dersonai bond. In two instances lately the siate nignway commission has ! ac cepted persor-il guarantees. , This has aroused the bonding companies to make the request f or t a rule against personal ! security. The bonding 'companies have raised their rates over those of last year." For a bonJ covering a paving contract on county ; road " work the charge now amounts to 3 per cent on the entire cost of the work. Some contractors hold that this is excessive. -The -surety 7 eomnaniM claim that it is Justified by the risk taken, and ; cite f the fact ' that v there are only four5 companies now doing business in the United States out of 14 which were ! in the field a few years ago. ' v.' ; V'v' - There are many i angles to this question.; In figrring on a contract the contractor must take into account the cost of his ( surety bond. If he expects to furnish that of Ja, bonding company he must .add 3 per cent ta his bid. This makes the work cost the state or county that much addi tional.; rne givf a personal guaran tee he can. deduct ; the 3 oer nt from his bid. 1 ;. - w There f are some contractors vohn have no difficulty In finding personal security." ' Thftre : i.r othp on not give personal security but who can secure a nona irom a bonding company . I - " . Moreover there is the. haaard to be considered." t ; personal guarantee might be financially responslbre at th time the bond Is executed but bankrupt before the period of se curity has expired. ; f As a purely business proposition it would seem that the most satisfac tory form of security is that of the bonding company. . But thev rate should not be an unreasonable ' one. STATE ROAD PLANS S fVERY ono in Oregon has ap- 1 parently come to the conclusion I j that he wants a good road In his locali; and must have it right away. As the old song has it, "J. want what I want and I want it when I want it." , " ; - It is a physical impossibility to build all the roads planned, 'in an hour, or even in a ' day. Somebody. han got to wait for the second table. In the natural adjustment of things thisivaiting part is assigned to those who are of the least In strength and Influence. : . ' ;, o i '- So far as state road work Is con cerned the legisla:ure has in a meas ure made it mandatory on the state highway commission to I give pref erence to the main , trunk roads, the Pacifio and Columbia river highways, on the theory trat these roads serve the greatest wealth and population of the state and also connect with the systems of adjoining states. ' : Next in order is" the policy of the highway commission to connect up sections of the utate whlO'are now remote owing to a lack-Jf highway?, such as the JohaDay region, the Malheur and f Harney sections, Lake and Klamath counties and the val leys alone; .the coast. - - : ') There is a sentiment, a quite nat ural one, , in these remote sections that Ineir claims are not being ad vanced fast enough and that they are being discriminated against. It should be cona'ctered, S however, thci plans for. construction are involved. ; There are sections which run through the national forests and other sections which can be improved under the post road act on which work is to be done in cooperation with the fed- oral government.1 This Isnotably the case In the roads connecting Lake- view and Klamath Falls with the rest of Oregon. The first problem Is to combine sovernment and state plans into a whole. It would not be prac tical to improve a few miles and leave a long stretch for future treat ment, in view xtjt the long distances of unsettled country traversed. Steps have been taken to bring all inler- ests together in r common plan and within a few weeks a concrete an nouncement can be made. On the who'e It- may be said that the pla. of the state highway! com mission are r dl.ect3ed towards the benefit -?f the - greatest number and that if a dae degree of patience is maintained all y.iJ be Satisfied in the end. : III ASS ACRE M AbSACHE is in great vogue these days. : The German trvernment J I massacres 'ts Spartacan op v ponents. ; The Finnish ' White Guard massacres revolting workmen by the thousand. The Turks mas sacre the Armenians. The Bolshe vik! massacre the grand dukes, who seem to spring Up with new life every morning, ready for another slaughter. And now comes word that th- Japanese are .masacreing the Coreaus.. ' - . ; Let us hope that when men finish killing one another there will be a few left alive to' start- a new and more merciful generation. Is any ; Euro pean or Asiatic government worth all the blood that has teen shed lnthe last few . years to defend . it ? Presi dent Wilson says the people have answered no. I In his opinion one of th deep c ases of revolution the .world over is popular distrust and disillusionment with governments as they are organized. ' ' . ? WAR AND SCIENCE THERE ' is a great deal; of fishy talk about the advancement of science by wan The New York Evening Post remarks that while war sti'ilates science In some di rections, it is, upon the whole, a detriment. , Inventors and students feel relief that the fighting is over. It. gives x them a chance to pursue their real work. ' . , It is interesting to review the scientific , advances which we - owe to war. They,, are advances in the noble art of slaughter.. The manu facture of lethal gases advanced wonderfully between 1913 and 1919. So : did the manufacture . of long range guns and military flying ma chines. , .; But ther3 was no advance in the manufacture of gas for household use or f 11 in its price. Railroading was put back by the war. The roll ing stock decayed. The track and roadbed were" neglected. It will cost 'fabulous sums to repair war's wcate even - on the roads of "the United States, to ; say r nothing : of Europe. The effect of war upon all species of i maou-actur'ng except munitions and articles of military use has been simply ruinous. It will take years to recover the lost ground, i - THE HIGHER LEARNING MOT long ago Thorstein Veblen published. a book of the higher learning in America, in which ho points 'out that our uni versities are 5 largely run by emi nent financiers on the principles of high . firance. The New York Times employed Brander Matthews to answer Vebhn. Matthews is a supple product of high financing In university life. " He says, what he is paid to say (and always kecs on ' the safe si ', ' A writer- in '. the New Republic " caljls him ,a popgun,,, : which is rather flattering to him. - Matthews accuses Veblen of being ungrammat'eal . and impolite. . The New Republic writer replies by sug gestinj that Professor "latthews has "the impeccable sauvity of the pimp." The San Francisco Call claimed the other day that political con troversy is growing bitter in the United 1 States. There seems to ". be ground for. fearing that the bitter ness may taint literary controversy also. . Veblen is an economist, whose pages tell powerfully against privi lege. The apologists, for privilege are not likely to speak any too gently of him. The Minneapolis Tribune mistak enly gave credit to the . Oregonian for the plebiscite on the League of Nations recently conducted by The Journal. The Oregonian, with unex pected honesty, corrects the miBlake. In times past our contemporary has not been troubled : by qualms of conscience in such matters. Only, a few months ago It-deliberately stole news dispatches belonging to The Journal and published Jhem as its own. Is It possible that the Ore gonian i3 learning at last that honesty is the best policy? NOT "WILLIN' " FOR CHAMP CLARK By Carl Smith, Washington Staff Correspondent of The Journal. 1 1 ' 1 Washington, March The revoltJ against losslltsed - leadership In the house haa extended from the Republican side to the Democratic. The movement to dethrone Champ Clark runs alongside ine errors to discard "Jim" Mann, and for much the same, reason. "Barkis Is willinV said Champ Clark, at a Washington dinner recently, when some of his cronies eusreested that he mighbe a good man for president next year. Apparently he . still thinks him self a possibUity for president. The leaders of the insurgent Demo cratic movement in the house say they are not thinking of Clark's ambitions at all. -They are concerned In putting the Democrats of the house right before the country by naming a leader who possesses the confidence of the admin istration and does not "growl around the corner." Some of the old-timers at first pooh poohed the Idea that - Clark eould be beaten. Personally the "old man" Is popular, and under the -unwritten rules the retiring speaker would take the leadership of his party in the next con gress. But these are days when prece dents are broken, and thought is being given to the consequences of making Clark the party spokesman at this turn in the nation's affairs. .-. ' . Clark has denied that he declared against the League of Nations, and an issue of veracity has arisen over that. In any- event, the ex-speaker has not in dorsed the league, and this la character istic of his attitude toward many things the administration has asked. He has been pulling back when big things were moving. , Representative Lever of South Caro lina hit one of Clark's weak spots when he said that he would not support any man who will say that a conscript Is synonymous in his mind with a convict. That is a phrase from the speech Clark made when he went on the floor and attempted to defeat the selective draft legislation. " Lever Is Of the progressive order of southern Democrats, with a small body, a keen eye, and a quick intellect. He has had the confidence of the president, and at the president's request he with drew from the race for senator In South Carolina last year, the president saying he did not wish to lose him from the house. - . Knowledge of these relations has cre ated , more than ' ordinary interest in Lever's attack upon Clark. - It Is be lieved by many that before the contest comes to a close the president wilt throw his Influence against making Clark the party leader on the floor. The defeat of Clark is no longer a mere possibility. If Clark goes, Kitchin and Dent are to go. Kitchin has . been floor leader. He is a1 man of ability, but he has an anti-administration slant, and lacks the confidence of the progressives. Dent was chairman of the military . affairs committee and fought the selective draft when the issue. waa drawn on. whether the United States yuld exert its full power In the war. ' - " v : ; Monroe Doctrine Doesn't Make U. S. a Claims Collector . irom tba Pittsburg Dispatch As was to have been expected with the return to peace In Europe, there is a re vival of agitation for the collection of claims from. Mexico . for damages - in curred during, the recent revolutions. One estimate puts the aggregate at $400, 000,000, said to be sought by claimants in Great Britain, America, France and else where. This report hints that foreign claims may, be put up to the United States ."under the Monroe Doctrine." The notion that the Monroe Doctrine makes the . United States a sort of col lecting agency for foreign claims' against Latin America, is. of courser' preposter ous. Any nation which has a. just claim against Mexico Is free to press for settle ment directly. The Monroe Doctrine in terposes no bar to the collection of legit imate debts in a proper way. -- Those who speak of It as if it, did are ebviously thinking of collection, by force. Mt'mlght be well for thera to wait and see whether Mexico will refuse to pay just claims. .It should not be asked -to pay unjust ones. The orderly process tf pressing for the payment of honest claims does not im pinge upon any phase of the . Monroe Doctrine.:? Intimidating- efforts for the collection of probable swollen and possi bly unjust claims would be likely to throw Mexico back into enaos. it is ratner to the Interest of the creditor nations to as sist in the promotion and stabilizing of the existing government la order that it may. the sooner be in- position to pay what it owes. This, it is believed, will be the position of the American government. which has surierea more irora xaexicsn unrest than any other, and wHose nation als have beeit-the heaviest losers.- - ' Manufacturers; War Profits Krnm the Grain Growers Guida -' An accurate estimate . of . the war profits of the manufacturers of Canada cannot be arrived at. ;Ithaa been esti mated -that from the excess profits tax which the powers that be in this: country came slowly to the point of imposing, a total of about $65,000,000 has gone into the dominion treasury- - That Is what the manufacturers have 'ha'd levied upon them in direct taxation. "While thera is no way ef knowing- how great their war profits have been, .nothing- can be surer than that the direct war taxation thus levied upon . them haa dealt very llg-htlr with those profits.- - . Letters From the . People ICamranaicationa acnt ta Tha Jed rail for pub lication in thai department (tumid a writtea m only on aid of tha paper, abould not cxamd SOO Bvrda in lencth. and most fca aicned by tha writer, whoxe nail addnaa la fall must aoeoamaay the contribution. J : . Apparent vs. Real Life Wyeth, "March 24.-i-To the Editor of The Journal I - was much Interested m the discussion of "Life" by "Amos," In The Journal some days ago. and while X may not have followed . his thought in all its completeness.- gath ered that life pervades all things, anl mte and inanimate, that are capable of being acted upon, or of acting. Thus, a sail has life until it is rent, and a water wheel has life until It is broken, when they cease to function, for. of course, neither the -wind -nor water would cease to function on these ' ac counts. Now, I would suggest that If this broad vie of life Is to prevail. It should at least distinguish. two gen eral - forms, namely, that which is ca pable of 5 producing action of Its own volition, which might' be called real, and that, "which is merly Acted upon, termed apparent. ' It seems to roe that consciousness of power and energy should be - ope element of , what could be truly called life, though sometimes It might -be. sensed by us "even more vividly through the energy of some other person. Take the case of a boot. Inanimate of itself and built for a spe cific purpose, it may become an agent of . transmission for some form of en ergy which might be called real. Sup pose this boot encloses an unusually vigorous foot and is brought Into con tact with, we will say without being too precise, some portion of your anat omy. You Immediately enjoy a sensa tion of life which may have been hith erto unknown to you, and it may be come an eternal memory. A baseball tVMIvau CMTflleU 111QU1V1 J atwwi ajxa bat. In themselves merely symbols of the leagues of this nation, will serve as an illustration even more complex. In the hands of a sure hitter, the bat not only -takes on, apparent life, but in turn transmits apparent life to the ball. Under ordinary circumstances this ap parent life may disappear and be for gotten.. But suppose this ball, with Its own apparent life received only second hand, comes in contact with your most prominent facial feature. Tou would then sense life in a way that would b not only apparent but real. Tour ndse might even be broken and yet continue to function In such a way as to cause you to wish it wouldn't. Either of ihese homely Instances, if they do not Illustrate real life, yet might produce a lively reel, if I may use this expres sion without the appearance of levity on so serious a subject. W. D. TROTTER. - To Smoke Or Not to Smote Portland, March 38.-TO the Editor of The Journal The anti-smokers seem to have two main objections to tobacco, it is bad for the health of others and It is objectionable to themselves. Neither of these objections seem to have much weight as far as the average moderate smoker is concerned. Let it be granted that tobacco is bad for the young and growing body. It would be horrible to pour tea into a helpless infant of a few weeks or months it has been done but when said Infant, , having reached years of discretion, or otherwise become a hardened anti-smoker, he probably drinks tea and coffee, and suffers no practical ill-effects from the tannin and caffein. though these are, like nicotine. Injurious per se, Jut In the forms of tobacco; tea -and coffee their harm ful ness is more than offset by their sooth ing. stimulaUng or social effects, which tend to , hospitality. pleasantness and companionship. People who cannot smoke without be ing objectionable to others, and they form a small proportion of smokers, should give up the weed, or improve their manners, but the average smoker gets satisfaction for himself without an noyance to others. It is'iiardly fair to judge a class by the exceptions, and the adult moderate smoker, who forma the great bulk of those who "take tobacco," deals fairly by himseir ana omers. Nor would it seem that national efft elencv Is Impaired by smoking. I am not referring to individual cases or spe cial athletic training. The Germans are heavy smokers, but they proved effi cient terribly efficient. If they- would have been more efficient as non-smokers, thank goodness, they kept on smoking. Grandmotherly legislation, anti-tobacco, anti-this, anti-something else won't make men ; it will make mollycoddles. souRis. ; ! No Child's iob Madras. March 26. To the Editor of The Journal I notice your paper says that the people of the north unit irriga tion district in Jeferson "county have voted iiT favor of the $5,000,000 bond issue- by a 70 per cent majority and that ' the people- have changed their minds in regard to irrigation. The 70 per cent might have been still larger, but for the fact that a farm of only 200 acres had six votes, wh lie one of 8000. acres had . only one vote. Under the district law, two acres has a vote. I can't see why. the 200 acre farm did not take advantage of the district law and vote 100 votes Instead of six. There really are 98 per cent of the people in favor of Irrigation by the United States government, but the land.' acre for a"re, is not 60 per centjn favor of any wild goose chase and will fight any 'such stock scheme to a finish. - This is a big project and a lonjr way from water. It is no Job for children. IRRIGATOR. How Would This Suit Riley, J March 24. To the Editor of The Jwurnal Senator-elect ' McCormick has Intimated that - President Wilson, Lloyd George, Clemenceau and Orlando are not competent to form a covenant for a League of Nations, and he suggests that Wilson "lay aside his pride and let Knox. Lodge and Hitchcock draft a con stitution for the league."..-. ;" . .. " Borah and Poindexter would be peeted if left off such an important committee, therefore by unanimous consent they are added to the list of notables. Baaed upon their recent: lucubrations the fol lowing is a forecast of the production of their efforts: jVi ; First In order to" insure- a' continua tion of wars for the benefit of jingoes, junkers 1 and munition manufacturers, the following covenants are entered into and agreed upon instanter by all na tions (civilised and" uncivilized) regard less of 'whether they have the knowl edge, power or inclination to keep their promises, ,-":',-v.-v?:v v ; Second It Is agreed that Lenlne shall be president of the executive council and Hindenburg shall be commander-in-chief of all punitive forces provided for by this league, and Penrose shall be sec retary of finance. Third Be it further 1 provided that Lodge. Borah, and Poindexter -be - ap pointed -mandatories to preserve Inviola ble the Monroe doctrine, with Knox as a mandatory to rule over South Amer ica, with his dollar diplomacy, which he instituted while secretary of state dur ing a cruise of several weeks around South America. - Fourth Be it- further decreed that. I - commentAnd news in brief j SMALL CHANGE How time does fly ! The newsboys seem glad enough of an opportunity to shout "war news" again. e HWe hope the peace conference con I rerees hatch something before Banter. 1 KBiUp,ajre.? who "' connect wth the IJlf ve tne same difficulty with the payroll. "5 C'iw e fV-f -.S,;,i -S?can KV9 .tU1 lt hurt to "Row "y, L ,alm ln the Murance that the money will stay at home. - e ' ' thUl0 bf?;8.worked hard for you over iliTf" A11 "fy want now an oppor tunity tp work some more over hereV oVl.a .c,ont,mPo"ary down south re marks, ; if hamburger can get by as of National- the league -'- ' e . ::."i:,:C V far8 e have been able to de termine, the kiddies' alt-day sucker will taboo after July. 1, even if it does have a stick In it. ri5S2Liwjr hat th element Is responsible for a considerable part of lSnr0a1' agltatign. They Vide in automobiles and can appreciate good highways as never before. Out in the suburbs the really thrifty Victory gardeners are already boasting "l1 , freen peas are above the ground Fine picking for the uncooped chickens. And in the ground the early potatoes are taking root. MEN AND INSTITUTIONS OF THE OREGON COUNTRY t . By Fred Lockley ' ' - f Thl article conclude a aeriea of f!e on the particular "jnaUtution" firat te be treated bj Mr. Lockley under the new heading chosen for this particular claw of matter. t ram time to time he will describe other "instHttHona" of Ore f"' "connection with the men who have ea tablishea them or been otherwise instrumental in Dnntlnc thent to or maintaining them at their present floariabinc and beneficial statu. "Ninety per cent of the people who go to doctors would get well if .they were left alone; in other words at least 90 per cent of the people who go to doc tors consult a physician needlessly," said Dr. W. T. Phy, manager of the Hot Lake fcanltorium, recently. . "All they need to do is to obey the rules of nature, and nature will restore them to health. I. myself, keep In the finest kind of trim by taking lots of exercise. I box, swim. Cake long hikes, wrestle, and am very fond of hunting and fishing. Very few people would care to be as abstemious as I am. I eat no breakfast whatever, and a very light lunch. By dinner time I have a good appetite, but restrain my appetite. Almost everyone eats more than is necessary. The eye is hungrier than the stomach. I have to make some sacrifices for the sake of my profes sion; for example, I drink no tea, coffee nor liquor, nor do I smoke, for I must keep a clear eye and a steady hand to be able to operate successfully. . e "I work hard, but I find that by put ting all of my mind on one job at a time I am able to turn from one work to the other without mental fatigue. I also find I am able to get away with a great amount of work by this system. I usually spend my morning In the sur gery. In the early part of the after noon I take care of my correspondence and look out for the management Of the Institution. In the afternoon I like to go over the place and see how things are golns; on. I have Just bought a herd , of Holsteins, so that all thjs milk needed-can be supplied from'our own dairy. X have bought some thorough bred Dorset sheep. Tou probably are familiar with the Dorset sheep. They have horns, and are a very hardy breed. I recently bought some registered Hampshire hogs- We have SOO laying hens- and more than 1000 little chicks. My noiseless Muscovy ducks attract a WINTER TRAVEL JN SIBERIA By Paul Wright Special Correspondence to The Journal and The Chicago Daily Newa (Tula is the fourth installment of a series of traTel note, showing transportation and other conditions in Siberia, by one of the special cor respondent serving Tha Journal from that eoua- rv 1 J Still en route to Harbin there is no T use being fretful in Russia. It won't get you anywhere. There are 41 cars on this train and on an ordinary track it needs two engines and on. a steep grade three are required. Engines are the scarcest article in this part of the world. Sometimes we have a supply and some times not. .Occasionally there is no fuel. In certain stretches the locomotives burn wood and in others bituminous coal and in stili others a mixture of wood and lignite, - ' 01 Once in a while an engine blows out a flue or a cylinder head and then we wait. This helps to develop one's pa tience. Having patience Is the , best thins the Russians do, but the necessity wears on American nerves. Today when a car Journal got hot the crew was about to cut" the car out of the train and set it aside, in which case the Red Cross would never have seen it again, and the unfortunates of western Siberia without the advice or consent of the president. Knox. Lodge. Penrose, Poin dexter and Reed have fun power and authority to restore to William tionen oi.rn hia crown, divine rights and pow ers. with all. the immunities appertain ing thereto, when they deem it advisa ble. !'i;of;v-;)i:J: ; ' Fifth We further covenant that no entangling alliances ahall be permlUad, Tmnt-th United States may form an alliance with one or two of the strongest European powers for the purpose of ex ploiting the weaker nations. sixtSJ-Provided further, that Poin dexter be appointed mandatory over the inhabitants of Mars and Boran over tne moon. It Is agreed that, when the in habitants of those planets make war on each other or land on the earth with their war planes the 37 senators shall have sole power to declare war or to make peace. .. Seventh Be it known and understood that these covenants in no way or man ner Impair the complete sovereignty of the United States, which haa an . abso lute right to secede from the league when decided proper by J7 United States senators. - G. A. COLLIER. : Ienfes Bible Furnishes Solution 4 Vancouver, Wash.-, March 22. To the Editor of the Journal At present many of our leading magazines are devoting considerable space to extracts from re ligious publications, which - are now sounding the call, "Back to the Bible!", From this we may infer that many sup pose that the experience of the ancients will help us strive the stupendous prob lems of today." Now I have been an Interested student of the Bible for more than SO years, yet. looking backward from the last page of Revelation to the first par of Genesis, I fall to remember any philosophic rea soning which might apply to our pon derous task of making the world safe for democracy, or our still more gigantic task of making democracy safe for the world. Nor did I find, betwixt the lids of the Bible, any allusion whatsoever to bourgeoisie or BolshevlkL Yet autocracy, plutocracy, parasites and anarchists represent the four feet on OREGON SIDELIGHTS - The Boys' club of the Baptist church of Pendleton has grown to 60 members, of ages . between 13 and 15. - The house question In Baker, the Democrat says, is reaching that stage where something must be done to re lieve th situation, and that soon. . . There is significance In the f aet," says the Eugene Register, "that iinost Lane county people - are paying their taxes' in full instead of lettinc the sec ond half run Ull fall." . . ,..,;-(.. ..; i. ; -' The prospect is bright for a rattling good ball team at Woodburn, the Inde pendent says. Some of the boys re turned from France will help to make up the team and are in fine trim. . For the first time in the present gen eration, as the Capital Journal states it, the walls of the city hail of 8alem are receiving a kalspmining and -the wood work a coat of paint. a Albany merchants have signed up-for 8 o'clock opening, since the clock is pushed forward for the summer. They will close at C by the clock, thus short ening the business dayby one hour. ' Rapid progress Is being made by the city water commission of The Dalles in the ditching for the new pipe line from the Mesplies reservoir to town. Th dis tance is about three and one-half miles. Twenty men are at work. "The tractors are busy, there" being four owned in this community," writes the Albany Democrat's Lebanon corre spondent. - "Wilson brothers expect to run day and night as they have wired their tractor and will use auto lights." great deal of attention; they come from Russia. They are large and their prin cipal advantage is that their quack has oeen extracted. I have Just bought a A x orason tractor and I am planning to make every foot of my 250 acres pro ductive. Not only will it make the sur roundings of the Hot Lake Sanatorium more attractive but It will keep the table abundantly supplied all the year round with vegetables and garden prod ucts. "I spoke a while ago of SO per cent of the people who go to doctors needlessly and who would recover without medical aid If they would but obey the rules of health. What I am after is the 10 per cent who need medical attention. Just as lawyers feel hurt and aggrieved at the unprofessional conduct of a fellow lawyer, so a physician feels bad wterf a doctor makes the healing of the sick and the helping of the unfortunate a business Instead of a profession. There are men in the profession who use their X-ray machines on the patient's pocket book before they examine the patient More and. more, however, the profession is weeding out men of this type and I hope to vsee the day come when the stigma of unprofessional conduct will be largely removed from . tha medical profession. ' ', - - - ':" . e ' - "I returned but recently from the Letterman hospital In San Francisco, where I was commissioned a captain ln the medical service. I organised the work in the orthopedic hospital there. I was in charge of seven wards of .-50 beds each and was liaison orficer for that department. We handled overseas sol diers. ; t The work -"was very interesting and I greatly enjoyed the service. i';-S,;':-'- -. -'" ; ' "I am glad to fret back to my In" stitution here at Hot Lake, however. I love institutional1 work. As you know, WA srs rimninr nt nil anajitv Vi 1 the time is not far distant when we will have to greatly enlarge the Sanatorium. My dream is to build up here a surgi cal center for the West for the relief of suffering humanity." would have been the losers. So the en gtneers had them repair the axle while the train waited, . This is a fine r job in sero weather,, Chinese do most of this bad work in Manchuria, and it is comfortable to believe that their sensi bilities are not as delicate as our own. There are two young New Yorkers aboard. Day and Wheeler, who hold commissions from Uncle Sam and also with the Csech array. They are sur geons and dentists and have had some experience In flying. We have been speculating on what can be done in the far. west, if we ever get there. These are bright young men and have equip ments that would delight a major gen era!. ,, . - ... ,.- . All sorts of possibilities lie- ahead of this tram, and not all of them are un pleasant." It-la quite probable that .the Czechs will not quit and go horns and leave - the Inhabitants to the cutting of each others' throats before we- get back and ever so many other desirable event ualities can be Imagined. The typhus fever out beyond may not be so bad. Why worrrt ' (Copyright. 1918, by Chicago Daily News Co.) which stand the red roaring devil that baa alienated Christendom from Christ. y-: .BIBLE STUDENT. Beginning to Hedge? Pram the Philadelnhia Kwnfne tjnirrr It is difficult to overestimate the 'Im portance of Senator Lodge's newer state ment ln relation to the League of Na tions or to miss the significance ;f bis voluntary suggestion that some sort of league is desirable. . ? Mr, Taf t,: the political observers say. Is gaining strength and prestige daily as tne leader of progressive Republicanism. Mr, Lodge Is the acknowledged leader of tne anti-Taft wing of the party. Does Mr. Lodge read new- meanings Into the popular acclaim that greets Mr. Taft everywhere? Or has he improved hia mind by a few hours' contact with the home folks in New England who have suffered as acutely through the re cent war as any people in the country? For the League, 222G; Against It, 26 1 F" " Albany (if. Y.) argua what the American people think of the League of Nations is what, counts, not what round robin senators think of it. The Oregon Journal took straw vote on the question in that state and the first four days, voting- showed tiZt for and 2 against And it was on the day the round robin was signed that most of the votes In favor were received by- The .Journal. A Boston newspaper taking a postcard poll on the question Is finding the sentiment of the people of Massachusetts the same as In Oregon. Olden Oregon- Showing Difficulty of Communication ln the Early '40a, The - length of - time to communicate with the Eastern states in early ia v Is indicated in the fact that on the 27th J S .-v w ' . a. . . . v . 1 "J vm. wvwuvr, mil, jrjise aooney, wno had stopped In the Walla Walla valley en route to the Willamette valley, wrote a letter to his brother-in-law, John C. Bond. The letter was carried by Lieu tenant John C. Fremont and was mailed in St. Louis August 8, 1844. Ragtag and Bobtail Stories From Everywhere Th Amateur Artilleryman URINO the Argonne battle a strag gMng negro soldier was . impressed Into service by a hard-working Ameri can battery, say Stars and Stripes. For several minutes he appeared awe struck, as the belching 76s ent their missiles of death toward the Hun lines. Then .he became animated and Inter ested. As a, shell was rammed home and discharged, he listened, with head cocked, until he thought he heard its explosion In , the German lines. Then he shouted with almost fiendish glee : "Kaisuh, count yo dead !" i . "."--'ri Uean-up Week limber the sweeping machine spl Bring Into action the bronml - : Tbix It the week of the teao-upl -Dirtiness faces it dooml 'Ladies whs trarketa and brushes, Indies with dustpaas and mops, . . Dsh up the street ta swift rushes. -. . (Scrubbing the aidewalaa aad alisps. - Mo.t these industrious ladies I'olUh eat eitj alooef . . , Surely te aid their brigade to - La to you, uaaouliot drone. ' Since for municipal beauty Y aa willingly alas. - sen. iet ua rise to our duty I Lata get a haircut and sttsiel - Philadelphia Mrenlng Ledger. Uncle Jeff Snow Saye: When them there Bolshevik United Btates senators cits down to where they have to eat crow and vote f er the League of Nations, they'll smile and SWSar thsv - Tt,ia waa MVAoMln In I a . w. . . . . . . . i . . , . . ji. h won i De tne rirst aisn or crow they've et of President Wilson's cookln', nuther, but It'll be the biggeat. 'Bout all they'll be allowed to do Is to say what kinder sauce he'll pour over It. The News in Paragraphs World Happenings Briefed for Benefit of Journal-Readers GENERAL ... Nineteen submarine chasers are en the way to San Diego from New York. The British minister to Chile and the Chilean foreign minister signed an ar bitration treaty at Santiago Saturday. . . The Commercial Telegraphers union of America is taking a referendum on. a vwrinsteiwi n,tUn.rlil. .1.11.. - vivyviwu Hsaivu'lltuv BUMS VIS A1S 22. ' A, 7-mHe gale at New Tork Saturday resulted in four deaths and much dam age to property ana shipping ln the harbor. Troop movements homeward"- during March, General March gays, aggregated 244.186, sgainst an estimate made for the month of 200.000. -' The Hayden Chemical works at Oar field. N. J.. have been sold by the alien property custodian to Alya Ryan of New York lor $1,500,000. . Two train carrying 112,000,000 in sll. ver bullion arrived at San Francisco Saturday. It Is being shipped by the United States government to India. Charges that American missionaries in Bulgaria were throughout the war end still are pro-German in sentiment are being investigated by the state de partment. ' .. r A young stenographer, known as Vera j - - ... .... u...,...., . . vi a., aa, j m anese, carried out a suicide pact at San Francisco Saturday. Both were found dead from bullet wounds in the girl's apartments. Vice Admiral Sims has Informed tha navy department of the recovery of the bodies of A. L. Porter of Portland and R. J. McConkey of Mount Vernon, Wash., who lost their Uvea when h. steamer Westbridge- was torpedoed last August.' fr- : . -; : nUKTHWEBT NOTES : ' v . Dewls county banks have made a rain m deposits of J2.193.976.62 in tha nut two yearn. The Sutherlln Food Products company has been organ I ed at Sutherlln with a capital of $50,000. -The National Farm Loan associations of Oregon are to meet at Eugene next Thursday and Friday. ' A contract to erect a concrete bridge over Penniwlnkle creek st Albany has been let to J. W. Hammell. , Basil Bailey and Tom Collier. 14-year-old boys, are under arrest at. Bend, for robbing the general store at Tumalo. - Joseph. Oregon. Is without a school house of any kind, as a renult of the burning of the building last Tuesday. Thieves broke Into II. C. Maoeen's jewelry store at Cottage Grove Saturday night and stole $1000 worth of Jewelry. The "Big Brother" farm near Leb anon, conducted by Cheater A. Lyon and wife, will care for 70 boys this summer. Superintendent Churchill has mailed application blanks to all high schools that desire to jtake up military Instruc tion. -;. Sawmills, box factories and other wood-working establishments rive Kla math county a payroll of $250,000 a month. . A civil serves examination will be held on April 23 in 23 Northwest cities to secure a field arent for the bureau of crop estimates at Spokane. . Thomas J. Larremore, formerly of tha law department of Stanford university, has been appointed acting - professor of law at the University of Oregon. Miss Elizabeth T. Johnson of Portland and Miss Leah Gambol of Pendleton, Red Cross nurses, have arrived at New York on their way home from France. At Seattle Saturday W, ' 8. Wetzel drove his automobile Into a group of men about to board a street car, result ing in the death of Ernie West and the serious Injury of W. S. ItSXL - Yakima Indiana have selected three delegates to go to Washington In tha Interest of a $500,000 appropriation for the Indians, and one of $100,000 for the construction of roads on the reservation. FOREIGN It Is expected in French -semi-official circles that the peace treaty will be ready to be signed by Faster, At a sale of Shorthorn cattle In Perth, England, recently $20,000 was paid for a. cSamDion bull owned bv Lad Cath- The , Frustiian national assembly has voted unanimously against the .relin quishment by Germany of any of the Rhine territory. . , In addition to reinforcing the garrison at Danzig, the Germans are said to be mounting guns along the Prussian coast near that port. '. Twenty Sinn Fein prisoners, Including J. J, Walsh, member of the British house of commons, escaped from Mount Joy 1 a.... . .... The allies have demanded the resigna tion of the Hungarian soviet government and the election of a national assembly under the supervision of allied troops. Attach; Your War Savings Stamps to' Certificate (Stories of achievement to the aeeunala oo of War Havings Ittampa. sent to The Josrnal ami a-eepted for publication. wlil be awarded a Thrift Stamp. J '' -It te essential that the holder of a War Savings Stamp attach it to the War Savings Certificate which he receives with his first purchase, for the ' War: Savings , Stamp by itself will not be redeemed by the United States government. -..Only when it is affixed to : the certificate . which bears the holder's name and address does It become subject to redemp tion by the government. Thrift Stamps and 11 War Sav ings Stamps now on sale at usual agenciea