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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 14, 1919)
.A G. .THE OREGON DAILY, JOURNAL, POR TLAND. .: TUESDAY, JANUARY 14, 1919, J; il; hi ::- H ! '' 'vf A 3i Ml :' mi .' 'n 5. Governor MORE SHIPS FOR COAST CHARTER NEED ARE URGED Establishment of a State Con- - stabulary Recommended; Tax Limitation Is Now Deplored. : Salem. Jan. 14 Oovernor Wlthy it! combe delivered his biennial message '"I to the thirtieth Oregon legislative as- .aembly this afternoon. Hisfirst thought, expressed In his message, is for the care of returning soldiers. He says Oregon has approx Imately 2.000,000 acres of prlvately . owned logged off lands, which he ad- 't vocates should be purchased euner Dy the government or the state, be dl H!; ' Vided Into organized districts, improved "! and allotted In units to prospective ; settlers. " - "These Settlers should be required "5. to make a reasonable . Initial pay- ment and to meet the unpaid balanct It on long-term installments at a low jj"t, rate of interest following the amor- tlzatlon plan," he Bays. Irrigation districts, also, should be )! districted -and , financial aid be ex " tended in developing farms. A sim tl! liar plan Could bo followed in the drainage of swamp lands. ,., He suggests tnat tno nonorary janu settlement commission, which he ap ! pointed a year ago to make a study n of this question, be made permanent by proper legislation. Soldier Comes First Returning soldiers should be given preferential rights In contracts for public work, such as state highway work, the governor urges. Pointing to the Immense wealth of J'i' "-Oregon and tributary territory in riat- W ural resources, the governor declares that the situation demands a strong merchant marine "managed by Oregon .men and manned by Oregonlans." fha chief executive urges the legis lature to memorialize congress, asking iT for the construction of a large num- '"V.ber of ships which may be chartered '.Ntrt men In roat sctatefl on terms which , . rf , ... : VIH enable them to compete success J.f. fully with any shippers In the world. He deplores the 6 per cent tax lim Itation. but says the financial sltua IV tlon In Oregon Is not hopeless. As " - one big saving he recommends that all tS fctate aid for the Industrial accident commission be 'suspended, and the nil commission meet its administrative expenses from its accumulated sur ' plus. This would save $680,000 In the h, two years, and if an emergency clause was attached to the law, so It would mt become) ' effective February 1, an .! other $130,000 could be saved. ;r State Constabulary Urged lie recommends the establishment JJJ' of a . state constabulary of 10 or 15 hi. mm. and nava it in advisable tr nro- 'IT; ceed with the organization of the Ore- :;on National Guard. JJJj He discusses educational measures Z' and vocational training, and . commends the work being done by the lnsur ance and corporation departments and s the highway commission. He touches on the penitentiary situ IJJ!. a tlon and invites a careful examlna rn'i tlon into state prison affairs. He ad 'TX vocates a repeal of the law prohib it.' king the sale of prison-made goods In wi . competition with free labor. i Various other subjects are treated ;j briefly. The message in full follows : I To the members of the thirtieth Ore- m , . - Difficult to Pronounce "701J may find it JL hard to say those three French words, but once you use this famous Baume, its ef fect is easy to remem ber. BAUME ANALGI2SIQUE BENGUE (Boaae Aa-aln-eck Baa-fay) was originated in the laboratories of Dr. Jules Bengue, in Paris, a quar ter of a century ago. , This original French product (although exten sively imitated) is abso lutely alone in its remark able efficiency in relieving headaches, neuralgia, sci atica, rheumatism, colds and catarrhal affections of the nose and throat. Clean, and easy to ap plythe effect is delight fully soothing, healing and refreshing. : Keep a tube in the house. THOS. LEEMING & CO. American Agents Now York But Easy to ' Rub On W iihy combe Delivers gon legislative a&sembly: In extending- a warm greeting to you all, Z can assure you that I approach this pleasant opportunity with a full heart and with a candid desire for wholesome cooperation. It is your responsibility to lay the foundation for a partnership between state and nation in the matter of rear ranging public affairs and institutions to meeta situation that has borne no parallel since the birth of this common wealth. In many of the serious ques tions which -will be put forward during the next 40 days, you will have no prece dents to guide you. Though living in the present day and participating in contemporary events, you will. In. a cer tain positive sense, be pioneers, and you will, therefore, be obliged to face your work courageously and with a vision that carries you above partisanship and beyond the restricted limits of sectional antasronism and personal ambition. I have no hesitation In expressing full confidence in your Integrity, honesty of purpose, wisdom and farsightedness. sTlsIoa Is Keeded This message was prepared In har mony with custom and in accordance with - my constitutional duty as cfcler executive of this Btate. Tt will deal nly with those matters which appear to me. after retrospection of a four years' ad ministration, as affecting the best in terests of the whole state at a time when many large developments are in the process of incubation. Let us en deavor to look ahead with a vision that will detect all possibilities, mobilizing our best thoughts and energies In the hope of rendering the maximum degree of service. As architects planning for the future through legislative enactments it Is your task to draw up Such specifi cations as will represent the true senti ment of Oregon citizenship. Tt is not necessary for me to remind you of Oregon's preeminent patriotic record and of the Importance of preserv ing her prestige by reconstruction legis lation that will ring true to the Oregon standard of excellence. Surely no liv ing Oreeonian worthy of the name can be unconscious of pride in the past and ambition for the future. Oregon, blessed with generous, patri otic people, contributed far more than her proportionate share to the great trinity of war necessities men. money and materials. She responded with alac rity to every call1 for patriotic endeavor and time after time was first of all states lA support of the country's cause. Land Settlement Problems Tf will nvr b nald of Oregon that she thought more highly of hr dollars than of the destiny of her noblest sons. Therefore, every effort possible will be made to provide proper care for the bovs returning from the service. This general subject should not be approached in a 6plrit of common cnarity. it aoes not involve charity but rather duty and debt. Probably the most important problem confronting the people of Oregon today is the question of land settlement, es pecially as it affects the returning sol diers and sailors who are entitled to every encouragement as they return to civil life. Whatever plan may be adopt ed by this legislature must offer some thing tangible and must be practical. Fortunately you have an opportunity to develop Oregon on a business-like basis at the same time you are furnishing as sistance to returning service men and to citizens generally. There are four phases of land set tlement work to be considered: the clearing of logged-off lands, the rec lamation of Irrigated lands, the drain age of swamp lands, and the subdivi sion of farms In humid sections. Congress will undoubtedly make some provision for federal assistance In this work, but it will probably be conditional upon state cooperation. This will, of course. Involve a new system of financing. Under our pres ent 6 per cent limitation there Is only one way, as I view It, that we could undertake this enterprise, and that would be through a rational bonding system which would meet with the ap proval of the electorate of the state. Land for Returned. Soldiers "We have approximately 2,000,000 acres of privately owned logged-off land in Oregon, much, of it being ex cellent agricultural soil. This land should be purchased by the federal government or the state, divided into organized districts. Improved and al lotted in units to prospective settlers. These settlers should be required to make a reasonable initial payment and to meet the unpaid balance on long term installments at a low rate of In terest following the amortization plan. Oregon logged-off land will cost about $100 per acre to be cleared. This would offer a splendid field for co operative work between the federal and state governments. Large num bers of men could be employed to clear the land under modern methods and part of their earnings retained as par tial payment for cleared land. Since the logged-off lands are now owned by private individuals. It might be feasible for the federal govern ment to acquire the stump land by exchanging timber In the forest re serve on an equitable basis to be de termined between the government of ficials and the owners of the logged off lands. The federal-government' has about 14,000,000 acres of timber land in the Oregon forest reserve and much of this timber Is now ready for the market. Irrigation projects should also be districted, the land subdivided Into units and the same system of finan cial aid followed in establishing the farms and herds and erecting the nec essary buildings, including a modern, inexpensive home. A similar plan could be followed in the drainage of swamp lands. Present Commission Honorary Oregon has undertaken the subdivi sion of farms in a voluntary way through the services of the honorary Oregon land settlement commission, which was appointed by me a year ago. I suggest that this commission be made permanent by proper statu tory enactment and furnished funds to work with. The administration of the work in irrigated sections should be left with the desert land board, but the work of subdividing the farms and the set tling of the logged-off lands as well as the drainage districts should, I be lieve, be under the administration of the Oregon land settlement commis sion. The natural aptitude of the prospec tive settler and his experience in farm work must be considered constantly In a study of this question, for, in de veloping any farm unit, much will de pend upon the occupant himself, par ticularly his desire to develop the property and his application to the work. For this reason great care should be exercised in selecting as set tlers only practical farmers or those who show likely promise of develop ing into successful farmers. The legislative committees formu lating land settlement legislation will, no doubt, derive considerable profit from a carefur study of "The Soldier Settlement Act." suggested by Secre tary of the Interior Lane and from conference with members qf the Ore gon land settlement commission, who have given the subject much eonstruc- PLEADS FOR RETURNED SOLDIERS A fit S::: -a t ? - - - vL fz r ' - r 4 - ' -A-5- - - v-1 m'I T ' ' " " - tf xv a I? yK I i -k -''W'V ''- y A " (fit Governor James tlve thought, and who have placed Oregon at the forefront of the na tion In this Important work. Bernralng Soldiers Considered Machinery must be set officially In motion to place available positions at the disposal of returning service men and. In this connection, I commend to your legislative generosity the sug gestion that preferential rights be granted them in contracts of employ ment on public work, such as high way construction. A state executive committee - appointed by me some weeks since to arrange a proper, re ception for returning fighters is pre paring a census of available positions and doubtless a reasonable appro priation will be asked to finance its worthy endeavors. I feel that steps should be taken to ward the compilation of a reliable, per manent history of Oregon's participation in the world war, so that the achieve ments of our boys can be preserved to posterity. The state librarian, having been appointed by the council of defense as state war historian, has undertaken this work on a comprehensive and thor oughly practical plan. I suggest that a suitable appropriation be set aside for this commendable purpose. There will be other ways of honoring and perpet uating the memory and deeds of the Oregon soldiers and sailors and' no doubt this legislature will exercise the pleas ant duty of determining upon an offi cial state memorial. Absentee Toting Plan In my last message, addressed to the 1917 legislative assembly, I urged the adoption of legislation extending the electoral franchise to soldiers who may be absent from the state while engaged In the service of their country. For obvious reasons it may not be possible to amend our primary and election laws so that men serving in a foreign land could cast their ballot under all cir cumstances, but In fairness to the men, consideration should at least be given to the possibility of inaugurating a system of direct mall voting that would not interfere with military efficiency. Surely these men, though temporarily absent from home, are as much citizens as' ever, and the very reason for their ab sence makes our obligation toward them the stronger. Soldiers on active duty are also entitled to their other civil rights and to protection In the form of mora torium for a reasonable time afCer their return. It Is not generally understood by the people of this state that there is now no penalty in Oregon for treason. Be fore the abolition of capital punishment conviction of this crime brought the death penalty, but today there would be no way to enforce that sentence and the law on the subject has never been amended. To be sure, offenses of this kind come more properly within federal Jurisdiction, but the atmosphere of Ore gon is too purely American to tolerate such an omission, and I feel that this legislature would be justified in taking up this and kindred subjects of legisla tion.. Circumstances might arise where the federal law could not reach the' traitor YOU MEN WHO PAY THE FAMILY SHOE BILLS Tramping 18 miles a day, Mr. H- M. Foreman, a mail carrier of Allen town. Pa., found that shoes with ordinary soles last about one month. But he says a pair ot Neolin-soled shoes gave him more than nine months of service, in which time he walked over 4,000 miles. His experience shows how you may save shoe money by providing your family with Neolin-soled shoes, which give extra wear where other shoes wear out quickest. You can get Neolin-soled shoes in any type of shoe you want. Prices are about the same as for shoes that give only ordinary wear, sometimes they are even less. If your dealer hasn't the style you want, he can get it for you quickly. Remember, Neelin Soles are created by science to be what soles should be. They are available everywhere for re-soling as well as on new shoes. They are made by The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. Akron, Ohio, who also make Wingfoot Heels guaranteed to outwear any other heels. M essag Wilhycombe or the defamer and It would be unfor tunate to allow failure of justice because the state itself had been remiss. Now, while the poisonous influences of sedi tion and sabotage are fresh In our minds, it might be well to set down In the statutes Oregon's appraisal of I. W. W. lsm and other forms of disloyalty, so that there may never be any misunder standing as to the degree of punishment Oregon courts and Oregon juries would meie out to cnsioyai persons. Trade Derelopment Important Now that the war will soon be history, our minds naturally turn again toward a study of possibilities of trade devel opment. We must look squarely toward the horlson with a large vision for the development of Oregon. Our constant aim and Ideal should be to determine how the tremendous natural resources of Oregon can most effectively be placed to the uses of the hand of man. This state has been extravagantly, en dowed by nature with an abundance of natural wealth awaiting development. The latent potential wealth of Oregon defies calculation, but we do know that there are at least 420,000,000,000 board feet of timber and at least 3,500,000 hydro-electric horsepower undeveloped, enough energy to operate the industrial plants of all New England. There are also approximately 2,000,000 acres of arid land that should be reclaimed. v The whole Pacific Northwest territory Is tributary to Oregon, representing 250, 000 square miles of the finest timber, agricultural and mineral lands of the world, and not only is this vast .domain tributary to the ports of Oregon, but It literally gravitates toward these ports. This situation, in its true essence, de mands a strong merchant marine man- a era A Vv Orin men nrui ntfinrtAd hv Oregon ians. If we are to harvest Ore- CTtn's full rrnn to-a must lnnk toward a Bv. w - - - - - - development of commercial as well as Industrial and agricultural resources. Our great problem today Is to create stable markets for the products of Ore tmn fAntatii Rnd minAn and of Oreeon farms, gardens and orchards. We must A nr K A a hnw row m Q tT"l I 1 a f Vl A TTtOSt advantageously assemoiea, manuaciurea and shipped in the form or nnisneo nnutnrt to th mn.rke.tn of the world. Only by proper expenditure or tnougnt and effort can we hope to retain and nrniwriir nrnmntn nil of our oresent in dustries and bring new Industries that will furnish wholesome ana proiitaDie employment for a greater population of busy ana convmea peopie. Merchant Marine Urged After nnlnstaklne consideration of the ontirA nrnMsm nf rievelonment. I have come to the conclusion that the prime factor is shipping, carriers Dem vir tually the only important traae essen tial with which Oregon is not already endowed. Therefore I earnestly recommend that this legislature dispatch a joint memorial to the congress of. the United States strongly urging upon the federal govern ment the advisability of building a large nf nhins that could be chartered readily to the business men in coast states on terms that wouia enaoie mem to compete successfully with any ship pers In the world. I am satisfied that such a plan would be the means of es tablishing a magnificent national mer chant marine system. In support of this memorial every .oyal Oregon citizen should direct his best effort toward the accomplishment of the desired end which all of us have in mind. If it is impossible to gain the proper cooperation with the federal governments no time should be lost in devising such other ways and means as may prove to be the quickest and the surest to bring maximum results. Tax Limitation Wrong rue entirely to the exigencies of an unforseen war and the accompaniment of unprecedented high prices the cos of maintenance of state institution has been greatly increased, thus demand ing expenditures - much larger than would have been' required under normal conditions. In this connectio01 frankly reiterate my conscientous conviction that the 6 per cent limitation is wrong In principle, as It restrict legitimate state activities In periods of unusual emergencies. On the other hand It-is really not economical as It will inevit ably result in a higher general level of taxation than is frequently necessary, due to the arbitrary practice of adding the S per cent regardless of merit. Tax ation should be flexible, capable of rea sonable expansion to meet ' unusual emergencies and of severe restriction when an Increased fund is not needed. A capitalization of assets Is not waste fulness; It Is good business. If we are to mine the rich ore of undeveloped re sources we must spend at least enough to put the shafts of production Into op eration. The financial . situation In Oregon la e to he uncertain but It is by no means hope less and I have fatth In the ability of this legislature to solve the problem. We have just passed through a period marked by a severe drain on the treas ury but Cs have learned, as never be fore, how to save and conserve and do without. Perhaps this idea of conserva tion which has been stretched almost to the point of uniqueness has become somewhat of a habit. If so its whole some benefits will continue, forming what might be called a blessing in dla gulse. In any event, let us be business like and as equitable as possible in our financing. ' As a matter of "business expediency, permit me to tnvite attention toward the advisability of establishing the end of the fiscal year at July 1 rather than JanuaryCl. thus running the state ledger concurrently with the books of the fed eral government. Inasmuch; as the working out of highway arrangement between the state and national govern ments involves the element of financial cooperation, the possible advantages of the suggested amendment are manifest. Industrial Accident . Commission In passing from the subject of finance to a cursory purview of the departments of state coming Indirectly within the jurisdiction of the executive department a ray of bright sunshine confronts us as we touch .upon the largest ,and most Important department, the industrial ac cident , commission, which has grown amazingly since its establishment five years ago. -5 Under the law at present the state is required to contribute one seventh of the funds received by the commission from employers and employes and, to suit this provision, an estimatedcontri bution of $680,000 has been fixed In the 1919-1920 state budget. It has been sug gested and will be recommended offi cially by the commission, I believe, that the law be changed so that the state be required Jto contribute only enough to defray the expenses ofpperatlng the commission, which areVeBtilsmed at S300.000. It occurs to me that the finan cial affairs of the commission are now in such flourishing condition tnat it would be advisable, as well as altogether proper, to suspend state aid to the In dustrial accident fund entirely for the coming blennlum and to authorize the commission to meet the administrative expenses during that period from the large unexpended surplus now lying In the fund. Great Saving Possible Soch a step would not only reduce the budget 1680,000 by a single legislative stroke but would result in additional economy of approximately $30,000 a month for every month prior to July 1, 1919. that such an amendment to the law became effective. In other words, if me legislature passes the law wnicn i moai earnestly recommend and fortifies It with the emergency clause, making 'it operative as early as February 1. 1919. a Ravine to the state of about $830,000 would result without curtailing In any wav th effectiveness of the commission. The suggested appropriation of $680,000 would be spent commencing July 1, 1919. Prior to that time state ald would prob ably average $30,000 monthly over the five months' period between February 1 and July 1. Hence there would be an additional saving of about $150,000, pro viding an emergency is. declared in passing the amendment now. The industrial accident fund on Te cember 31, 1918, the date of the last financial statement, showed a balance of $1,326,374.19. There was also due the fund, as of that date, the one seventh state aid accruing since. July 1. $168, 491.45. making a total Of $1,494,872.64 available In the general accident fund as of that date. Condition of Fund ! The estimated undetermined liability m December 31 was $467,879. The 30 per cent additional, as provided by sec-- tlon 19 Of tne compensation law, a $140 363.70, a total liability against the Industrial accident fund of $608,242.70. The condition of the industrial accident fund as of -December 31, therefore, was as follows. Balance in fund '1,?Sf-?2M Due from state - 168.498.45 $1,494,872.64 Less liability and 30 per cent 608,242.70 srr,l,, ...X$ 886.629 94 t tate has naid into the industrial irfnt fund since' the compensation i. hMnme effective a total of $606,- 867.76 as its one seventh. The amount paid by the -.state during the calendar year 1918 exceeded $320,000. The esti mated contributions to the fund during he next blennlum by employer and em ploye will amonut to $4,800,000; and the state s contriouuon oi vim wmui would amount to $680,000. Administra tive expense alone would amount to ap proximately $300,000 for the two years. , The heavy unexpended surplus in the fund has resulted from tne abnormal industrial conditions during the past two vears. The amount of money pajd into the industrial accident fund by the state, being established bystatute at a sum equal to one seventn or tne amount paid into the fund by employer, and e'm- ploye, has been aisproporuonave ana ex cesslve. Compulsory Compensation Advised It would perhaps be unwise to ellmi nate the state aid feature o, the law permanently. For one thing a return to normal conditions might create a new situation. Then again there is strong likelihood that" the. workmen's compen sation law will be made compulsory for all classes of employment rather than elective for a limited class of employ ments, as at present, and I am frank to say that I earnestly favor an exten sion of the law. Such a measure would have to be submitted by your legislature or through the initiative to the people and It would therefore require prObably two years time to make the innovation effective. Other Important matters suggest themselves in connection with the in dustrial accident commission. The de partment, employing as it does some 91 persons, is badly in need of larger quarters than are available In the Capi tol Building. . Industrial Hospital Favored 1 To my mind it would be well for the legislature to consider very seriously the advisability of erecting under' the supervision of vthe commission -a hos pital for industrial cripples. At present large sums are expended by the com mission for hospital care and this at tention could, without doubt, be given more economically and more -efficiently through a special building adapted par ticularly for handling accident cases. Portland being the industrial center.. Where, a large proportion of : the acci dents occur, I believe the proposed hos pital should be located:- there, in con Junction with the buildings of the "Uni versity of Oregon medical school ; also I strongly urge that a branch of the ac cident commission hospital should be devoted to the care of indigent and crippled children, as well as other un fortunates meriting etate assistance. The Increase . in the number of acci dents sustained in industrial Establish ments Is little short of alarmlne. It Is not enough for us tday that compen sation is maae xor ' me toss ox lire and limb.: Our workmen must be accorded very protection and comfort possible. In the last four years there have been 8,894 accidents In Oregon, 69 per cent gisldture STATE'S DUTY TO SERVICE MEN IS Opening of Land to Returned Soldiers Is Suggested as a ' Patriotic Move at This Time. of these occurring during the past year. Often as many as 100 accidents are re ported a day, the logging camps and shipbuilding establishments being the most prolific accident producers. I am glad to be able to say that the elimination of state aid from the indus trial accident fund for the two-year period would still leave an adequate amount to finance the construction of a magnificent hospital building. Military Given Praise Oregon's proud war record is trace able in part to the constant alertness and-efficiency of the state military-establishment. For the speed and accu racy .'ith which the draft law was ad ministered hi this state the selective service department of the state adju tant general's office deserves special praise, as do all the loyal-hearted Ore gonlans who worked hard and Ions as sisting In the registration, classification and mobilization of the men of draft age. I feel that "the official thanks of the state are also due the thousands of men, women and children, of every rank and station in life, who gave will Ingly and generously of their time and effort in contributing to the success of the countless war drives, rallies, recep tions, farewells and similar war activl ties. But for this unanimity of patri otic spirit Oregon could not have main tained her place at the: forefront of the nation. Nor can too much praise be accorded the members of the state guard com panies and the home guard units, the latter being composed for the most part of business men who rendered valiant emergency service under the supervision of the respective county sheriffs, rational Guard Backed Because both the state military code" and the national defense act forbid the existence in peace times of military or ganizations wmch do not come within the Jurisdiction of the war department, I deem it advisable to proceed with the organization of the Oregon National iiuara so that this establishment mat. be perfected by the time the prospective treaty or peace is signed. There are many arguments in support of coopera lion Wlin me federal e-overnment In military matters and the element of financial assistance Is by no -means the least ox tnese considerations. State Constabulary On the advice and specific recommen dation of the state council of defense the Oregon military police force of ap proximately 200 experienced men was organized on the unanimous authority ui omie emergency board in March, .LHsspue tne vicious r-riti?.im leveled against this organization by the la,i.ln..n 1 L ... Yemeni, wnose nabits were rather rudely interrupted by the activi ties of the state police, and by many well-meaning citizens who were not in formed truthfully, the Oregon military police performed an excellent service wnicn. iuuy justified the appeal of the state council of defense Initiating the urgajuzauon. I recommend the establishment of a state constabulary of 10 or 15 men as a email moDne force for state police duty. Such an organization could renrfe void able service in the enforcement of the pronioiuon and game laws, and mnlri materially aid in preventing forest fires. Connell of Defense Thanked The thanks of the entire common wealth are due the state council of de fense ior its patriotic leadership in pub licity work during the recent emergency. The meetings arranged through this or ganization encouraged the people of this state to do their full share in the pro gram of war activities and served to In vigorate their patriotism with Increasing ..caiuiiuuiwa. .oecause or tne distress ing status of state finances the" execu tive, oiticiais or tne state council Het-i-. mined upon their own initiative some -'"" ago tnat tne council should cease to function on an active, paid basis after January l, but I feel that Mia nr. sonnel of the state and county organiza nons snouia no Kept intact and the ac tivities continued on a voluntary basis, at least until after conditions have re sumed toeir normal state. The University of Oregon and Oregon Agricultural college have earned warm praise for the splendid work of their military aepartments in fitUnsr the. vnnth of the state for honorable and efficient participation In the war and for similar worK reiatea to tne war program. The uregon Normal school at Monmouth has done good; work in preparing teachers and Is entitled to continued support. Education is the foundation of our citi zenship, therefore appropriation to sun port these most worthy institutions is money wen invested. Toeatlonal Training Considered In company with all other states, Ore gon is invited to cooperate with the fed eral government In what I consider a most worthy- plan for the teaching of vocational training in the Oregon schools. The government offers to ap propriate $40,813.18 for this purpose dur ing tne next two years if Oregon will ex pend a like amount. This plan Is being administered under what Is known as the Smith-Hughes act through the fed eral board for vocational education. The board appointed by me to represent Ore gon 'In consideration of this, subject will make its report to your body. I also recommend that this legislature study .the provisions of an educational bill now pending in congress, known as Senate Bill 4987. This measure con templates state cooperation in banishing illiteracy ana in spreading the benefits of Americanization among foreign bora. The administration of the selective service law revealed a distressingly large number of Illiterates In the United States. Under the 1917 draft alone 700, 000 men registered by marking X's for their names. It is a pleasure for me to remark that a. recent federal report an nounced Oregon s ranK among the 48 states' as third In the scale of literacy, only two states, Iowa and Nebraska. ranking above her. Nevertheless, the last federal census discredited Oregon with 10.504 Illiterates and the fact that a new official Yanking will be determined tn the 1920 census, which wilUremain fixed for a full decade, suggests the Import ance of the subject. Problem Is. TW fie sit Because most Illiterates are beyond the school age the problem is admittedly difficult. A number of Oregon judges now require, that men appearing before them for examination looking . toward citizenship submit their wivefalao for EMPHASIZED educational test and this custom will no doubt lead to beneficial results in reach ing those adults Inclined to illiteracy. At the Inspiration of the state department of education the teachers of the state are being encouraged to aid all residents who seek assistance In special subjects of education. Their generosity in this di rection should be recognized. - : Simply because our thoughts of late year have been concerned more or less exclusively with wartime and worldwide considerations we should not abate lour efforts toward desired educational ends and should not lose eight of the fact that our schools constitute the best recruiting ground for patriotism as well as cltisen ship, and that they have a direct.! al most , decisive bearing on the future destiny of our state. - j . Two years ago I recommended thej es tablishment of facilities for military training In the high schools, and Inter mediate events tend to strengthen the arguments In favor of this innovation. : Child Weifate Commended t feel that commendation is due child welfare commission, which the has been performing excellent work, in con' junction with the extension department of the University of Oregon. I spectfully suggest that a small appro priation be set aside to take care of the expenses of this welfare work, jfou have before you a very able and ex haustive report upon this subject, pre pared by a representative of the Russell-Sage Foundation, for which I the state is deeply grateful. Experimental VTork Since agriculture Is our basic wealth and experimental data form the founda tion of sound farm practices It Is vjery Important that we support as liberally as possible the experlmenetal stations and . extension department of our agri cultural college, which are doing niost excellent work. These activities are supported largely by the federal govern ment and the state should cooperate generously in cultivating -this great field of agricultural activity. The .prestige of Oregon as the most Immaculate state of the nation in Ire spect to the physical cleanliness of its selective service men speaks well for the efficiency of the state board of health and more particularly for the Oregon Social Hygiene society, which seven years ago commenced to. pioneer in its persistent fight against the venereal disease menace. This enviable showing not only proves the effectiveness I of wholesome, dignified education on health subjects, but suggests Increased bene fits which may be expected from, contin ued effort, it rests with us whether or not Oregon will continue to lead the na-, tlon, . . , Penitentiary Inspection Asked I am hopeful that fair-minded com mlttees of this legislature will make a careful examination of the state peni tentiary and learn the real truth about a situation which has been made the football for politics, spiteful vengeance and deceiving manipulations. .Although the physical status of the penitentiary property leaves much to be desired, I am well pleased with the administra tion of the institution under the first management . of my own individual choosing. In a month the new warden has been amazingly effective tn his work and I am confident that any one conversant with the actual conditions will concede readily that this penal In stitution is now being administered on a most satisfactory basis. Considering the responsible and exacting nature of his work, I feel that the warden la under paid as an official. Above everything else the penitentiary needs a new cell house to correct de plorable sanitary conditions, to prevent possible disaster through fire and to permit a segregation of the Inmates on a practical basis. If funds were avail able the construction of ' such ' a cell house would be a splendid investment. but because of the present disheartening status of state finances It may be nec essary to defer for another two years this almost Imperative Improvement. Due largely to the cleansing Influence of prohibition the population of the penitentiary Is now considerably lower than It has been for many years, but we must not lose sight of the fact that " the abnormal Industrial conditions resulting- from the war have also been instrumental In reducing crime, unless wages remain high and . employment plentiful we may expect an Increase rather than a further decrease In penl- tentlarry population. ? Flax Indsstry Eneoaraging The past two seasons have been the most unfavorable, clmatlcfflly, of the last 40 years for the growing of flax, and for that reason the showing made by the state flax Industry, operated In conjunction with the penitentiary, has not been as favorable as might have been expected under average conditions. Nevertheless the outlook Is yet en couraging and the demonstration h been sufflcent to satisfy those familiar with the industry that flax can be made a nrof itable crop Despite the unfavorable cllmatlo con ditions, the flax Industry is now in gooa. healthy shape, as evidenced by its as sets at the time of the bennjei report, Kent ember . SO. 1918. as follows : Cash on hand $17,168.66 Invested In flax machinery, etc 14,858.66 Truck and auto . 3000.00 Estimated value of materials on hand. including seed, fiber and tow. 27.920.00 It is to be remembered tnai over 810.000 of the original appropriation was expended on the state rock crushing plant, through wnicn a large amount oi road building was done, for the several state institutions. From the time the flax industry came under state encouragement following the act passed by the 1915 legislature. up to September 30, 1918. farmers grow ing flax were paid $13,230.98 from the flax fund, and the prisoners working in the flax were paid $17,451.65 under the plan devised for providing employment nriin,ri Innirfe tha nenitentlarv. During the month before my Inaugura tion four years ago there were iu men In the penitentiary without occupation. Tt has been my aim to keep the men regularly at work following those tasks for which they are best equipped. J,n Upsets Stomach Take Bi-nesia Instant Relief or Money Back If you are afraid to eat an old-fash- fnnad. hie-, heartv dinner because of the fullness, discomfort or distress that fol lows, get a package or si-imw laoiets from th Owl Drue Co. or any other good druggist and take two or three right alter eating, iouii oe amasea at the' results. . Even chronic dyspeptics who suffer keenest agony from the plainest foods can eat almost anything witnout me-Sligniesx pain ii mry lau Bl-nesla. the wonderful food correcting and -acid destroying-tablet that is mak-ina- dvBoentlca the world over foraet they ever had a stomach. In fact, it's so really- good that every Package eon tains a aruarantee contract of "Satis faction or, Money Back" ; so it costs nothing If you aren't delighted. uet a pacaage toaay ana enjoy . an ntd-faahlonAd meal '.of rood thlnaa 'lu. night, without .fear of pain or discom fort to, folio w Adv. - , IfHearty Eating the past four years' virtually all prison ers physically able to work have been regularly employed. Prison Labor sricaiied Jn connection with thla problem of keeping all prisoners employed regular ly X am frank to express my roubt as to the wisdom of the laws which pre vent the sale of prison-made articles In competition with those manufactured by free labor. The population of the Ore gon prison is so small that the effect of removing this ceetrictlon would at most have but a negligible influence on the labor market. When we consider that the taxpayers of Oregon are paying for the sustenance of the penitentiary In mates it seems shortsightedness to erect legal obstructions which serve to pre vent them from earning their own way as nearly as possible during Incarcera tion. A law granting the prison authori ties a free hand to dispose of any com modities that may be produced advan tageously by the prisoners would un doubtedly tend toward economy and low er upkeep, as well as toward a better morale among the men. The present highway code is giving ad mirable results under the direction of a nonsalaried commission composed of three men characterizing the highest type of citizenship and business ability, Oregon Is at last following a defi-'tely established and sane highway program whloh should, be accorded a full trial without damaging Interference. ' With the federal, state and county funds available for expenditure on road work In this state, it Is estimated that employment will be furnished for ap proximately 8800 men during the coming season, a factor which will weigh heav ily in counterbalancing the prospect of unemployment resulting from after-the-war conditions. - Specifically, I favor the enactment of a law authorizing the highway commis-. slon to supervise the construction of a uniform system of road signs along, all main highways of the state, the expense of the work to be paid from the auto mobile registration fees. o many se rious accidents have occurred on grade crossings that I feel it might also be well for the members of this legislature to consider the feasibility of passing a law requiring the drivers of both pas- (Concluded on Pan Twelra. Column Oca) THIN PEOPLE SH0ULDTAKE PHOSPHATE nothing Uk Plain BttroPlioaphate to Pnt en Firm, Healthy Flth and to Increase Strength, Vigor and Kerre Fores. Judging from the countless prepara- tlnn. anH tr.at m ant, ulill, awih ually being advertised for the purpose of making thin people fleshy, develop ing arms, neck and bust, and replacing ugly: hollows and angles by the soft, curved lines of health and beauty, there are evidently thousands of men and women who keenly feel their excessive thinness. Thinness and weakness are usually due to starved nerves. Our bodies heed more phosphate than is contained In modern foods. Physicians claim there Is nothing that will supply this deficiency so well as tne organic phos phate known among druggists as bltro phosphate, which Is Inexpensive and is sold by most all druggists under a guarantee of satisfaction or money back. By feeding the nerves directly and by supplying the body cells with the necessary phospnorio food ' ele ments, bltro-phosphate quickly pro duces a welcome transformation In the appearance : the increase In weight fre quently Deinx aaigniming. - This Increase In weight also carries with It a general improvement In the health. Nervousness, sleeplessness and lack of energy, which nearly always accompany excessive thinness, soon disappear, dull eyes become bright, and pale cheeks glow with the. bloom of perfect health. CAUTION: Although bltro-phosphate is unsurpassed for relieving weakness, it should not, owing to its remarkable flesh-growing properties, be used by anyone who does not desire to put on fleshy (Adv.) ' CONSTIPATION Is- beet treated by a vegetable remedy that gently drives out the poisonous waste that lodges Id the lower bewel. Is sure and acts without discomfort. Use 1 t for sick headache, colds and feverish condition. Same oil remedy In the ssme old box. Adv. Everyone Likes This Cold Cure "Pape's Cold Compound" a cold or grippe ends in a few hours. Tour cold will break and all grippe misery end after taking a - dose of Pape's Cold Compound" every two hours until three doses are taken. It promptly opens clogged-up. nostrils and air passages In the head, stops nasty discharge or nose running, relieves sick headache, dullness, feverlshness, 'sore throat, sneezing, soreness and stiffness. Don't stay stuff ed-up I Quit blowing and snuffling 1 ISase your throbbfng head nothing else In the world gives such prompt relief as "Pape's Cold Com pound," which' costs only a few cents at any drug store. It acts without assist ance, tastes nice, and causes no Incon venience. . Accept no substitute. (Adv.) To erocxa a etejs&i liver, to rcllavo a Stressed stomach, to fcrtify yczr- : Sal ml Aa If aiTVf. f .1. 1 j Me everywhere, to fceaea, 1 Gelery la