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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 6, 1918)
THE OREGON' DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, 'TUESDAY, AUGUST 6. 1918. o AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER . O. 8. JACKSON . , . . i Pnbltahet Published afar? day, afternoon and morning lex eept Sunday alternoon) at Tbe Journal BWld inc, Broadway and Yamhill streets. Portland, Oregon. Entered at Uia paetoffkw at Portland. Oregon, (or transmission through tha mails at second elaas ' matur. TELEPHONES Main 71T8; Horn A-O051. i All -departments reached bj tbnm a am bars. TU the operator what department ou want rOREION ADVEBTISING REPRESENTATIVE Benjamin Kentnor Co.. Brunswick Building, 225 fifth arenue. New York. V00 Italian building-. Cblcago., ubecriptlon terms by mall, or to any addraai in the United Htatee or Mexico: DAILY (MORNING OB AFTEBWOON) 'Oae 7r..... . .85.00 I Ona month. 9 .80 SUNDAY On yaar.. , , . . .12.50 (Ona month ..... t .25 DAILY (MOBNIKO OB AFTERNOON) A.ND SUNDAY Ona year. 17.80 Ona month 8 .85 Peace la liberty In tranquillity. Cicero. MAX IIOL'SER Ijm HERE have been many indications I that Max Houser has the home I town spirit. There are many who look with satisfaction upon his purchase of the large milling properties In the Wilcox estate. They believe that with Mr. Houser at the head of these great in teresUthere will be a new factor in the development of the commerce of PortlandNand to Columbia river. The failure of the Columbia river district to go forward has not been the fault of the port. There is a 40 foot channel at the mouth of the riv er. There is an open gateway through the Cascade mountains, the only gate way with a water level haul by which to reach tidewater on the Pacific The natural tendency of ocean commerce, shown by history and experience, is to go as far inland as possible. For proof, look at the great ports of Eu rope, nearly all of them far Inland, most of them on streams far less ac cessible from the sea originally than are the ports of Portland and Vancou ver. In location Portland has a magnifi cent advantage. Whatever it lacks in nearness to the seaxls supplied by the, port of Astoria. But these advantages are not re flected in the port statistics. The business is done at rival ports. In ocean . commerce, Portland is almost the olty that was. So is the whole Columbia river district. If we have all these manifest advantages, and we have, what then must lack of development be chargeable to, except to men? Mr. Houser rises to the headship of a great Portland industry at an oppor tune moment. Our foreign commerce .has never been at a lower ebb. Mr. Houser's business Is largely with dis tant markets. He will hot have the ? railroads to battle with in bringing ships to the Columbia river as was formerly the case under private con trol of rail lines. The government is building a great I merchant marine. Presently it will I want to charter its ships to live Amer- lean companies who will have the brains and the desire to use these J ships in building up American foreign j trade. With hie great milling industry Mr. Houser can become a mighty fac ( tor in organizing and mobilizing the Columbia river for a grand drive on ocean commerce and on distant mar- kets for purchase and use of Amerl f can products. J Genius sees farther and more widely 5 than its own immediate affairs. The J real business man of affairs knows " that development of his home city means strengthened and enlarged busi ness for himself. That kind of man knows that when he puts 6hips to sailing in and out of Portland lie Is preparing' the way for. Industrial .payrolls and that industrial payrolls- enlarge the city and make more busi ness for his own industry. Mr. Houser is a genius. Else Sow could he, within a few years, have prisen from a country wheat buyer to the headship of the great industry which he has Just taken over? , The confidence that there Is and will be In him. the power as a captain of Industry that he will have, the. intelli gence and vision that have served him so well will, if many are not mistaken, prove to be a new and powerful as set In the commercial expansion of " the Northwest and in the greater use ' 'of the Columbia gateway through the Cascades. They say now that Iowa beat Ore gon to the top in the third Liberty loan. The spirit In Oregon now should ;tc that Iowa can't do it In the fourth loan. OPEN THE DOORS w rlTH 10,000 Grand Army guests ex pected In Portland this month the . ente'rta'nment committee warns us that the hotels, can Accommodate only one in ten of em. The rest must find quarters in private 'dwellings lor else camp in the streets. 1 The number of rooms thus far of .fered for the use of the veterans is not as large as might be wished. No doubt vigorous advertising would yield aplenty more. It Is astonishing how many 'ntelllgent people can remain un aware of a call to publio duty until It Is shouted In their ear's" with the as surance that it means them and no body else. v Death and the moral law and incon venient sacrifices for the public aro all very well for the next door neigh bor, but naturally one's own family Is exempt. Portland, while the Grand Army is here, should turn every house Into a home for them. If they enjoy themselves here" they will speak well of the city. If they do not enjoy themselves they may think it is because we are not so hos pitable as we should be. But without any regard to our own interest we should do our best to honor and en tertain the veterans. They have earned the best we can give by services which the country never can forget. The reality of the war comes poig nantly home to us as the list of the fallen grows longer. Some 12,000 Americans have already "given their lives for the great cause we have made our own. Every step forward for democracy is a recognition of their devotion and a recompense for their loss. But a backward step means that to that extent they have died in vain. For the sake of our glorious dead let us take no steps backward. THK CASUALTY LISTS T UK CASUALTY lists of the Ger mans in the fighting which be gan July 15 on the Marne are es-. Umated at 200,000 to 300,000. We shall never know the true fig ures. They- are undoubtedly heavy. The disadvantage at which the Ger mans labored, exposed often to at tack from three sides and harassed constantly by- artillery and airplane fire, would naturally pile up mount ing casualties. Nor Is it the Germans' alone that have suffered. War cannot be con ducted with the casualties all on one side. We must with fortitude be pro pared for announcement of large American casualties. In former operations Americans have been in very small force compared to the number that have been fighting continuously ' for the past 22 days. The Marne battle was a major opera tion. The Americans, though fewer in numbers, have been in the thick of the fighting. There can be no result like the beating Just administered a German army of several hundred thousand without its toll of losses to the vic tors. The gallant boys from the free West have made history. They have made the Prussian throne tremble. They have struck a mighty blow for mankind. They have helped wrest the Initiative from a foe that had the allies trembling with anxiety. They have helped start the hosts of democracy on the march toward the Rhine. But they have paid the price. War is inexorable. It col lects its tribute. The noble dead who have perished In the forward sweep of our armies are the nation's dead. For them, and for their bereaved, let the nation dedi cate itself anew to its great task in order that . the ' fallen shall not have died in vain. If the reader will glance at the war map In Monday's Journal he will see what a parlous predicament the Ger mans have been trapped Into by the allied advance from Montdidier to the southeast. Their line comes to a sharp angle at Montdidier and If the good luck of our armies continues the angle will be squeezed tight and broken off. It may be broken sharply from Arras down to Solssons. Nothing could be more delightful than the prospect. SPITE U NP LEAS ANT stories come from various cities that officials of the Western Union Telegraph com pany used the last flicker of their expiring authority to discharge union employes. It seems as if they were determined to fight collective bargain ing if they died for It. Behind the discharge of union men at the twelfth hour by officials whose grip on power was soon to be lost, there could be no gwod motive. It looks like sheer malice. No doubt one ,pT the first things the postoffice de partment does In its management of the wires will be to Inquire into these exhibitions and correct; the injustice they have wrought. The telegraph company's pigheaded opposition to collective ; bargaining is a survival from our period of indus trial savagery. It is neither modern nor democratic. The up to date em ployer of labor concedes to his men the right to organize for their com mon advantage. He unites with other capitalists in great combinations. It Is inhuman to deny the same privilege to workmen. He Is a Welsh chauffeur. He came to Portland five years ago. Three of his relatives work in Welsh coal mines.. Their pay Is 23 to $40 a week and their working day eight hours. The war has greatly changed the wage and working! system over there. Belief there isj that wages will never go back to tbjair old levels. All over the earth lVfe will be a mighty change as a racujt of this war. DIVORCES. F OR THE. last five months Mult nomah county has- indulged in somewhat less thin three di vorce suits dally. The total num ber, according to an estimate in the Sunday Journal, is 415, This is . rather appalling. Discussing the reason why so many of our marriages end In the court room, Judge Tucker, says that "the cause lies at the heart of our social structure." He intimates that if so ciety frowned upon divorce as it did in the good old times there would be fewer. Perhaps. And yet society's frowns did not keep the number from grow ing to Its present disconcerting size. If those frowns could not keep the divorce evil from growing when it was small we fear they cannot do much tcucheck it now that it has be come a giant. We must look for some oUier remedy. Some say that the flood of divorces indicates a profound change In the common view of marriage. As long as marriage was a sacrament the church people held it to be indis soluble. But now that it is, In the eye of the law, nothing more than a civil contract, it can be dissolved as easily as a five cent fare clause in a street railway charter. In a time when all contracts seem pretty fragile we can hardly expect marr'age to be a permaneat excep tion. If convenience and not duty is to be our guide why hot get a divorce? The same laxity that breaks a contract with a public utility com pany for its convenience, will sever marriage vows and for a similar rea son. The increasing use of oxen In the East carries some observers back tJ the good old piohcer days when horses were rare and farmers depend ed almost entirely on a "yoke of cat tle" for their heavy work. The Spring field Republican notices the importa tion of "40 steers" from Kansas into Massachusetts and says that "one farmer has bought 40 of their calves to be grown Into oxen." We see no reason why the calves of Kansas steers should not also be reared to make milch cows. I.N THE COUNTRY 0 UT there where the robin carols from the treetop, where the winding 6tream laughs its way to the sea; out where the clang of the trundling street cars doesn't reach you, or the strident whistles never shriek, or the riveting hammer never strikes or the ear-tormenting racket and noise and roar of the city never thunders there is where life is. The country boy goes to the town, for what? The rural community gives its girls by multitudes to the city, for what? Economists are appalled by the drift of rural population cityward. About half the people of America are urban dwellers. Down Into the crowded streets, down to life with elbows in the ribs of the next door neighbor, down In the clamor and the rattle and the thunders of the city, down where there isn't air enough for a good breath or space enough6 for a good big thought, down to be a servant or clerk, or some other kind of hireling with scarcely pay enough to keep body and soul together, down to the congested, Jostling, hurrying, ear-splitting, nerve- racking city they troop from the sweet quiet, the shady lanes, the nestling homes, the green fringed roads and the ash and maple and dogwood and hazel by the winding streams of the great outdoors, the silent, serene solacing outdoors of .the country. Among the stupidities of the race is its craving for excitement, for thu nerve splitting excitement that short ens life and makes old age a tragedy It is one of the influences that rob the country of its youth and rob youth of its graces and its real Joy. Then there was the fact that farm ing was amateurish instead of scien tific, that the cards have long been strongly stacked against the farmer through his failure to stand more for himself and his family 'and his business and less for the politi cians, through which multitudes of farmers become tenants, working landlords' land on a beggar's share. This great quiet country with its glorious atmosphere, its silence broken only by the gentle sounds of nature the tinkling bell, the meadow lark's note, the waterfall in the near by stream and all the swee diapason of nature it was all made for people and more people to live in and rest in and find enjoyment In. We have learned that the farmer fed us In the war. Perhaps we will contrive after the war to do more to make changes out there that will give the farmer a chance and teach people that existence out there is not a blank, but life In a paradise. Denver papers report with rejoicing that in spite of the war the prosperity of their city proceeds unabated. Den ver depends much on tourists in ordi nary times. This resource has fallen off somewhat but there is an influx of permanent residents who are attract ed, it is said, by Denver's excellent public sohools. There is a lesson in this for cities which allow small politics to play fast and loose with their schools. ORDER ON THE RAILS G OVERNMENT cdntrol of the rail roads is bringing order out of chaos more speedily than could have been expected. Trains are moving on time. Freight has ceased to pile up at distribution centers. The vast transfer of troops proceeds like clockwork. The railroad situation was truly discouraging wh-en Mr. McAdoo took hold of it. From every quarter there were reports of a car scarcity, while at the same time long strings of load ed cars stood in the yards serving privileged persons as cheap ware houses. Each city had from two ta a half dozen useless stations. Train service was wastefully ' duplicated. Scores of officials, lawyers, depend ents, drew salaries without render ing much useful service. The rolling stock was out of repair". The roads themselves were falling into wreck. The companies had been man aged so thriftlessly that their credit was impaired. The outlook was black indeed. Now, after a few months of sensible management by the government, there is a complete change for the better. Best of all, the country sees the rail roads conducted as a national system in coordination with the water routes. to the advantage of both. The bad old policy of destroying water communi cation has been corrected. Until the war ends, at any rate, we shall see the national highways managed for the nation's welfare. OUTVALUES GOLD SIX TIMES OVER Colombia Has World Supply Win-the-War Metal. of From tha Philadelphia Ledger The fact that platinum, lust now worth about six times as much aa gold. was first discovered in South America in a section of what is now the republic of Colombia, Is not exactly a matter of common knowledge. Furthermore, it may not be generally known that the world must now depend for its supply of the precious "white gold" practically entirely upon the Colombian mines, for the Russian sources of supply are for the time being, "out of the game." Still, there is no immediate danger of Colombia's resources in platinum being exhausted. They have been mining it down there for 160 years, but the out put seems to be constantly increasing. According to the current number of the bulletin of the Pan-American union, Washington, D. C, the exports of the metal during the last three years were valued as follows: In 1915 at $607, 600, 1916 at $1,850,000, and for the year 1917 at $2,160,100. Incidentally, It Is interesting to note that at one time, and that not so vary long ago, the crude platinum grains that were mixed In with the ore of certain gold mines in Colombia were regarded as a waste product, and thrown away. Dr. George F. Kunz, Tiffany's great ex pert on precious stones and metals, in an article recently contributed to the Bulletin, tells of It as follows : "The rejection of platinum as a waste product in the operation of refining gold led to some strange happenings in Colombia. The platinum separated from the gold by the dry, or "blowing," sys tem was either cast Into the street or thrown through cracks In the building where the work was done. Later, when platinum became valuable, a consider able quantity of the metal was thus discovered In Quido, capital of the Choco district, where "much gold refin ing was done. As a result the entire town of some 1500 Inhabitants was turned into a mine and the natives were employed In working the streets for the government, while many property owners mined under their houses. In one case a man went so far as to tear down his store, and was rewarded by recovering enough platinum to rebuild on a larger scale and clear $4000 in American gold besides.' Dr. Kunz's article Is replete -with in teresting information about platinum, and, among other things, he tells how the world first learned of the existence of such a remarkable metal. In view of the many uses to which platinum can now be put and of Its- In creasing value it seems strange that European knowledge of its existence is dated no farther back than 1735, when the South American deposits, now within the limits of the republic of Colombia, were visited by the Spanish traveler, Don Antonio de Ulloa (1716-1795), who had been appointed with Don Jorge Juan to accompany a French scientific expe dition sent out by the government to execute the measurement of an arc of the meridian on the plain of Quito. "Although the first publication of Ulloa's observations was made in his "Replacion historica dpi vlaje a la America meridional." issued In two folio volumes at Madrid in 1748, specimens of the new metallic ore had already been brought to England from Jamaica as early as 1741 by Charles Wood, an Eng lish metallurgist, tho material having reached him by way of Cartagena in the then New Granada, later a part of Colombia. "Of the appearance and qualities of the new metal Mr. Wood stated that the 'Platlna de Pinto,' otherwise called 'Juan Blanco,' was smooth and bril liant, of uniform structure and not liable to rust or tarnish on exposure to the air. He adds that the Spaniards did not take It from veins as ore or as me tallic masses, but in powder or small grains. "He believed that it was rarely se cured pure, since In all examples he had seen he always observed an admix ture of black and shining grains, sim ilar to those found on the coasts of Virginia and Jamaica, this being a rich vein ore, attracted by the magnet ; there were also generally certain par ticles of a yellowish hue which seemed to be of a different nature. . "He asserted that the Spaniards had learned the Becret of melting It. and since they made many sword guRrds, buckles, snuff boxes, etc.. of it. he con cluded that It must be quite abundant. The designation "Flatina de Pinto' had been given it because the specimens in question came from the River Pinto. The name 'platlna Itself was equivalent to 'little silver,' from its resemblance to the latter metal. The first veritable platinum Ingot was made by a French chemist, Chabaneau. in 1783. Charles III of Spain had called him to Madrid and created a special chair of mineralogy, physics and chem istry for him. In his laboratory he found the secret of rendering .the new metal malleable, and this is the way he revealed the fact to one of his patrons : "Three months later, at the home of the Count of Aranda. there appeared upon a table an Ingot some 10 centi meters cube (about four Inches), with a beautiful metallic luster; it was mal leable platinum. The enthusiastic count started to pick It uf. but failed to move it. Tou are Joking?.' said he to Chaba neau. 'You have fastened it down." " 'No. indeed,' said the professor, and he raised the little ingot easily though it weighed some 23 kilograms (about 50 pounds). The count had not thought that the light platinum sponge would thus, appear as the heaviest of all then known metals." ( 1 Rumors About Camp Lewis Are Merely German Lies From the Committee on Public Information A story is circulating in Los Angeles, Cal., to the effect that "Camp Lewis Is to be discontinued because it Is un healthy," and that "soldiers there ! who have no families or close friends and who do not -want to take out Insurance are practically forced to do so by their officers." As : this is a typical pro-German slander, the committee on public infor mation has taken the trouble to have It officially reported upon by . the com manding general at Camp Lewis. He replies : "The two statements are equal ly Incorrect. Health reports of Camp Lewis, as well as census bureau records covering this region, show that it is one of the healthiest localities in the United States. The surroundings and climatic conditions at the camp are ex ceptionally favorable, and the water supply, sewerage system, and general sanitary conditions are excellent. Far from being discontinued. Camp Lewis is at present being enlarged in order to accommodate more troops. "Notwithstanding these exceptionally favorable health conditions, all men have been earnestly advised to take out gov ernment war-risk insurance, but care has been exercised to inform them that such insurance is a privilege only, and that they are not compelled to apply for it. Practically all Insurance applica tions at this camp are taken at the mustering office by enlisted men who are not in command of the soldiers whom they interview, and who are therefore not in a position to exercise even the slightest coercion. "The desirability of government war risk Insurance as a protection against total disability and future non-insurability for soldiers having at present no immediate relatives is, of course, too plain to require comment." In other words, part of this story is a deliberate lie and part of It Is an obvious misrepresentation. All such stories of ill health in the camps are disproved in the mass by the weekly re ports of the surgeon general's office. These reports show that the annual death rate from all causes among our soldiers In this country is 4.87 per thou sand, while the annual death rate among men of military age In civil life is 6 78 per thousand. The annual death rate from disease among our troops lrf camps here during the first three weeks of June was about three per thousand. Contrast this with a death rate from disease during the Spanish-American war of nearly 26 per thousand per an num. T Communication! sent to Tha Journal for pub lication In this department should be written on only one aide of tbe paper, should not exceed 300 words in length and must be signed by the writer, whose mail address In full snust accompany the contribution. An Appeal for Berries- :sortn Bend, Or., July 30. To the editor of The Journal Please publish It in The Journal that we people of North Bend and Marshfield would like to get some nice berries of all . kinds to can, as you know that everything Is very high in price and the farmer has got them, and why can't we get them? Shipbuilders and mill workers are en titled to some consideration. I hope this may Dnng about some relief. DAVE JEFFRIES, 2273 Monroe street. Bend, Or. j Tho Promise ami the Dollar Portland, Aug. 5. To the Editor of The Journal Take a government dollar note, and you will see: "United States will pay to bearer one dollar." So it is evident that, whatever the government may mean by "one dollar," the note in your hand can lay no claim to being that same. Turn the note down upon its face, and on the back you will find that In famous exception clause, forced upon it by financial highbinders In the darkest days of the Union, In the 60's. It would take more than human wisdom to divine the processes of reasoning followed by the governing powers, to assume that we can get along better ..by paying our debts over several times In Interest, than we could JF'we were permitted to use the re ceipt for service rendered, which would be tha Teal thing and not a substitute which Is all the promise to pay is, ac cording to Its own testimony. There is no reason but Shylock's logic, why these notes should be turned out of doors at the custom house and locked out of the United States treasury when without the exception clause they were heartily welcomed in both. The greatest the most vital of all ' publio utilities. Is money. Despite the gallant fight of Andrew Jackson ; over mastering the government In the Civil war ; booted and spurred. In the saddle In this great world war : despite the hon esty and devotion to democracy of our povcrnment private corporations still own and manipulate for thoir own profit this first and most important of public utilities, as that huge middleman, the war finance corporation, standing be tween the people and their government bears witness. But "a thousand years" is a long time. The people will own and control money for the benefit of all, in a much shorter times than that, or I'm no prophet. E. F. BALDWIN. Denounces Profiteering Astoria, Or., Aug. 2. To the Editor of The Journal Concerning room rentals, about which J. J. Jordan of Raymond. Wash., writes in today's Journal, I will state that I am a ship worker in the Mc Eachem yards of this city and am pay ing $3.50 per week for one room about 12x16, partially furnished for light house keeping (emphasis on "light") and find by inquiry among others that I am not, relatively speaking, overcharged. My room and food will cost me from $40 to $45 per month, and for very plain food. Now If that Is not profiteering I will own up to being a very poor judge. We live In a community that produces an abundance and is favored with the best of transportation, with fisheries at our door and canneries that are throwing fish away (see Journal of August 2, page 9. column 4). for which I would suggest a heavy fine. Yet, in this city, a fish order in a restaurant will cost 40 cents. They probably need the money. I think real patriotism will not admit of profi teering and the sooner that class gets wise the better, as there will be a very rude awakening for them. SHIP WORKER. PERSONAL MENTION Mr. end Mrs. J. B. Mervln" of Omaha, Neb., are at the Carlton Mr. and Mrs. Stroud of Albany are at the Carlton. Mrs. L. B. Storm of Milton. Or., is at the Washington. Mrs. W. E. Morris of MUton to at the Washington. Mr. and Mrs. T. L. White of Seattle are at the Carlton. Mrs. O. Newqulst of Missoula, Mont., is at the Washington. Stanley Dollaw. the well-known steam ship owner, and wife, of San Francisco, are at the Benson. H. L. Gallagher of the Shell Oil com pany, and wife, of San Francisco., are at the Benson. Paul Ryan -of Camp Lewis is at the Multnomah. Hope Newbray of Belllngham is at the Multnomah. T. D. Dungant and wife of Kelso, Wash., are at the Oregon. Orlie Hinsley of Ontario, Or., is at the imperial. J. M. Smith of Tillamook Is at the Imperial. He is here to employ berry picker 8. A. B. Gilbert and wife of Tacoma are at the Oregon. W. T. Hardesty and wife of Seaside, Or., are at the Multnomah. H. J. McKeowa of Marshfield, who has Letters From the People j COMMENT AND SMALL CHANGE Lots of pep. The "devil dogs" hang on like bull dogs. m You won't be foolish If you put In your winter's fueL a Undoubtedly a big holiday in Berlin today. The Huns sunk another hospital ship. In the East the sufferers probably would be willing to add "heat" to their "less" days, too. Rather than seeking a place In the sun these days, most of us are happy enough to find a nice little spot In the shade. a "We should worry about the sugar shortage, so long as the kissing Is good. Just to show the new soldiers that we have a thought for them, let us remark. Remember when the kaiser said America must be punished"? Probably that's why the Huns have been trying to run the Yankees breathless on the west ern front. JOURNAL MAN ABROAD By Fred the latter, and then, from noting the practical characteristics of array uniforms, cum to tha discuasion of soma of tha unaccountable archa isms in naval atUre. Somewhere In France If ever there was pomp and panoply In war It has long since departed. Today you will see the French soldier in a uniform of Invisible blue, the Italian soldier in a uniform of gray-green, the Tommies in khaki, the Yanks in olive drab and the Germans in a bluish gray. The whole matter of uniform is a most Interesting one. In Paris, at Marseilles, at Brest and at Bordeaux one can see in an eve ning's stroll the uniforms of many na tions and of scores of regiments. One of the oldest uniforms Is that of the British Royal Horse Guards, originally known as the Blues, to distinguish them from the "Redcoats," as the British sol diers were frequently termed. Another regiment with a picturesque history is the King's Royal Rifles, originally known as the Royal American regiment. That was when America was a colony of Great Britain and the Royal American regiment was fighting the French from the "upper country," now Canada. The Royal Highlanders were originally the old "Forty-second Foot." About 1839 the famous Black Watch was formed into various Highland regiments. I have often sat down with English lads and had them explain their regi mental badges to me. I know most of them now. When you see a sphinx you will know the regiment to which that lad belongs has seen service In Egypt, Just as you may know that if he ""Is wearing a badge on which there is an elephant or a tiger Ills regiment has seen service in India. If the red-cheeked soldier boy is wearing the dfagon badge, or a daffodil, or a leek, he belongs to a Welsh regiment. If so, you are apt to see a motto reading, "Cymru am Byth." meaning "Wales forever," or well Angan na Chywllydd," meaning "Death Rather Than Dishonor." The lads from Norfolk wear a badge showing Britannia within a wreath. A deer head and ant lers Is the insignia of the Seaforth High landers. The cross and thistle Indicate that the wearer belongs to the Scots Gufds. The South Wales Borderers Myear a wreathed sphinx. The lads of uie vv est tuaing regiment can be distin- gulshed by the badge showing a lion holding a British flag while standing on a crown. The West Surrev badire Is a standing lamb, with halo, holding a flag, while beneath the lamb Is the In scription. "The. Queen's." The King's Own, of Liverpool, have for their em blem a rearing horse, the British Rough Riders a golden spur, the Cheshires an arorn, the Bluffs of East Kent a dragon, the Grenadier Guards a flaming bomb, the Royal Innlskillln Fusiliers a castle and flag, the Royal Irish Rifles a harp and crown, the Leieestershires a Bengal tiger, the lads of Essex a sphinx sitting on a castle within a laurel wreath, the East Lancashires a crowned sphinx within a wreath of laurel, the Royal Dublin Fusiliers a flaming globe on which are an elephant and a tiger, the Coldstream Guards a circle with rays. Our own naval uniform Is but little different from that worn by the blue- jackets of a century ago. Captain W. H. Hardy of Portland, who pulled the bow oar on Commodore Perry's- barge when our fleet visited Japan In the 50s, wore almost identically the sama uniform that our boys wear today. Very few of our Bailor lads know that our HOW TO BE HEALTHY By Dr. Woods Hutchinson, Former Portland Thysictaa THE CHILDREN'S YEAR (No. 2) As a result of unceasing care and at tention, combined with sleepless war against contagious diseases and for clean milk, pure food and improved housing and living conditions, the mor tality rate among children up to 15 years has been cut down In the most gratifying way, averaging a reduction about one-third or more in the past Bix or seven years in many of our American cities. In New York City, for Instance, the infant death rate during the first year has been brought town from 125 per 1000 in 1910 to 88 per 1000 In 1917. These figures mean' a saving of nearly. 5000 little lives a year in New York City alone. The saving made during the later periods of child life, in the seven years that is, for children under 5 years from 47 per 1000 to 30, and for those under 15 years frorr? 19 per 1000 to 12 were proportionately even larger, though not so Impressive in actual numbers ; for the death rate goes down with a Bud den drop after the first year, and keeps on going down steadily thereafter for a good many years. Indeed, by a curious paradox, the death rate does not again rise to Its infantile level until nearly three score years and ten. Over 40 per cent of tha total infant Just received a commission in the army, is at the Multnomah. " He is en route to Camp Lewis. A. W. Carlton, a lumberman of Ho quiam. Wash., Is at the Benson. Mrs. J. B. Durham and daughters of Salt Lake are at the Benson. Mr. and Mrs. Ford Hendricks of Fos sil, Or., are at the Portland. Mrs. M. Nolan of Astoria Is at the Washington. Mr. and Mrs. O. W. Roberts of Salem are at the Washington. Mr. and Mrs. A. Williams of Rose burg are at the Washington. R. 3. Cardlner of Walla Walla is at the Portland. Herbert Cuthbert. secretary of the Northwest Tourfct association, Is at the Imperial. E. A. Anderson, a business man of Marshfield, Is at the Imperial. W. B. Fogarty and C. R. Barr of tha United States navy are at the Benson. Mr. an Mrs. B. F. Twombly of Pen dleton are at the Multnomah. , Mr. and Mrs. D. T. Waterhouse of As toria are at the Washington. Miss E. Buckingham of Kelso, Wash., is at the Washington. Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Brown of La Cen ter, Wash., are at the Washington. NEWS IN BRIEF " OREGON SIDELIGHTS "Old Umatilla county la going over the top with its wheat crop," affirms the East Oregonian', "despite all ad verse weather conditions In the spring. Stanfleld's 35 home guards are drilling Monday and Friday evenings, and with the guards at Echo on Sunday after noons. They will have full equipment soon. Motorcycle Speed Cop McDonald of Medford has. a long list of violators of the vehicle laws. Most numeroil among the offenders are those who do not turn on the red light. Tourist travel note in Vale Enter prise : ' "Nearly every evening this week from two to five carloads of people have occupied the free camp grounds. License numbers read from the far east to California's southernmost cities." Addressing outside sportsmen, the Gold Beach Reporter advises them that they "should know that this Is a banner year so far as deer are concerned. Re ports from every part of the county Bay that deer are more plentiful this year than in many seasons past." Lockley -J uiw.a ucinci i:iuei uui sawur lads wear is worn as a badge of mourn- lng for the death of Ebrd Nelson. The three stripes on the American sailor's broad collar are there to commemorate three famous victories of Great Britain's fleet. A bluejacket, who has seen-long serv ice In the navy, in discussing the need of a more practical uniform for the boys of our fleet, recently said : "The navy has advanced with the times until It is now considered, man for man. gun for gun and ship for -ship, the most efficient navy p the- world. But It still retains practically the same uniform worn in 1812. Why the V necked sailor blouse? Is there any prac tical reason why a sailor must wear this decollette effect with his under wear showing? If a buttoned-up coat front Is needed for the army and every walk of civil life, why Is It not practical for the sallorman? How about that upper left pocket in the blouse? It will barely accommodate a good sized hand kerchief. It is the third moat- imprac tical pocket in the world the two more impractical ones are In the sailor's trousers ! The short pea coat was orig inally a short coat in order to allow the seafarer to move his h-s freely In the old sailing days, when climbing the ratlines was an essential part of the man-of-warsman's routine. The sailing days have long ago walked the plank the bluejacket no longer Bcampers aloft but the pea jacket is still with us. The modern man-of-warsman Is supposed to get cold only from the hips up ! Why does a bluejacket need "13 buttons on his trousers? We could easily afford Hooverizing on the buttons, rather than on the pants pockets, for many a sailor man has cussed those pockets. With a pack of brown papers In one trouser pocket and a stick of gum in the other, your sailor pockets are In very heavy marching order. Why the bell bottoms on the trousers? As we understand it, the bell bottoms are relics of days gone by when a sailorman was required to do ome tall wading, both on going ashore and on shipboard. The wading days are over, but the Paul Jones pants are still among us. "White uniforms! All white uniforms offlrprt rYiitt nftv rtfrrr hlnp1:iiL. j ets. What a Joke are white uniforms from a practical standpoint ! They look pretty for five minutes after they have ion me launary ana tnat is tne nest that can be said for them. Are they prac tical for landing parties? The question was answered at Vera Crus, when sailor men dyed their white uniforms in Iron rust and coffee In order to be less pro ficient In the role of targets for Mexican snipers. That question Is also answered In every Central American landing force, when officers and chief petty officers who enjoy the privilege and funds re quired shift into khaki clothing pur chased for the occasion or borrowed from the marines." One thing is certain there never was a navy more efficient than we have to day. I have met thousands of men of the navy, both officers and bluejackets. as well as marines, and they are a pnlen- I did lot of men. Sometimes when we talk ' about No Man's Land and our soldier ' boys going over the top, v.e forget that : our boys wouldn't be here to go over the top without the work of our navy, and- also that our sailor lads are constantly risking their lives-from what is "under the top" the cowardly submarine. deaths for the first year occur In the first moath of life, most of them clearly due to prenatal causes, or conditions and influences existing before birth. Hence special stress is now being laid by thoughtful experts upon the prenatal stage and its protection and care. It is ! urged that pregnancy be made a re- portable condition, and that sympa thetic and tactful nurses or other women visitors call upon the expectant mother and advise her how to protect her health and that, of the coming life, to avoid overwork, and yet get plenty of fresh Rtr and exercise, to banish her baseless dread of birthmarks due to "maternal Impressions," to select and get In touch with her doctor and nurse so as to de tect and prevent any diseases threaten- ir,g a successful confinement at tht i earliest symptom of trouble, and to In- struct her as to what diet to adopt snd now io prepare in every way for the health and safety of the coming life. The Massachusetts state department of health, for instance, has In addition prepared a series of letters covering these subjects, one for each successive month, which will be sent on request to any physician or any patient whose address he may send. Tomorrow The Children's Yesr (No. ). W. T. Curtis of Hlllsboro Is registered at the Washington. A. B. Newton of Philomath is stopping at the Washington. Coal and the Consumer From tha Philadelphia ledger The federal fuel administration has twisted a rope for coal profiteers whi-h ought to prove mighty effective. Notice has been served upon all dealers that they will not be permitted to add the new railroad freight rate on coal to the prices of the coal stocks they now have on hand, nor upon any coal for the trans portation of which the increased rate has not been paid. If this rope could only be stretched a bit, the purchasing publio would be saved many millions of dollars. For one of the most common methods of the profiteer is to take ad vantage of conditions which may affect the cost of his commodities at some time in the future, but which have not the most remote condition with the cost of his present stock. It is a sort of gam bling In futures, with the cards Invar iably stacked against the retail buyer. If there could be some way In which prices were kept in some fair relation to the j actual, not the speculative cost, the peo ple wouia De proieiei against a rorm of extortion that is almost universal. Rata and Bobtail Stories From Everywhere The Vicarious Anathematizer " JOHN." said the clergyman to hi new man, "do you er ever em ploy strong language?" The new man, the Pittsburg ehronlcle-Telegraph says, blushed self-consciously. "Well, sir," he. faltered, "Ii may be a little careless like In my speech at times." "Ah," murmured the clergyman; "I'm aorry. John i-m sorry 1 But we will converse on that at some more fitting time. Just now I ant you to go to Jenklnson M Llenkinson and settle thU bill for re pairing my. summer house. And you might talk to them, John, as If It wera your own bill, in a careless-like aort of way. Will you, johji?" The "o Trespass- Sign Willis Koehler. son of Henry Koehler. Democratic candidate for sheriff of Clackamas county, who lives at Oswego, is custodian of his father's houaes. On some of the nroiiertv on whih h. . . situated there Is considerable fruit and berries, and when the houses are va cant, tender-hearted people, who hat to see fruit go to waste, feel free to help themselves, for fear It might rot on th trees. Willis tried "No trespass" slms. and he declares they are no good. "Only one time we ever had one work. At our house up on the hill I put a sign that said 'Keep out' pPopi. cam. In, Just the same, and stole all the black berries and busted In the top of the cess pool. Then I moved the sIrti and put 1 tVTt tn CW,spI- TnPy P"14 attentiork Laughter At a political meeting, says Kvery-. body's, the speaker made a Jest, and finding that his audience had missed the point, he said playfully: "I had hoped that you would iaughi at that-" Then from a remote corner of tha hall, a plaintive voice broke the silencer "I laughed. Mister." Then everybody did. The Fl it pi ape Still itanis the firrrlece In the An old time frimd t.i me. Wall I remember In tha fail How good it was to aea. There aat tha faml'.r circle. "There on the old hearthstone. Which is aa much endeared to ma Aa to a kina- his throne. There sprint tha leapt- flamea Of rad and orance hue Whtle In the aoot-Mlrd chimney Went up tha smoke of blue. Beamed from tha mantel deep and wide The old clock's honat f.,.-- While down below on either side -Me piled tha wood in place. Th roaatlnt applaa irmttered, Tha mealr popcorn popped An2Uo 'rom lta prickly shell The bi brown cheetnut dropped. Oh. happy waa I then. There on tha old hearthetoM ; And harpy hare I bean, but not As in a day that'a a: one. Led gpecoa (are It), Brownsboro, Or. Cot Them Coming and Goinff An Indianapolis business man of ma ture years received a letter from his secretary, says the News, and after trying In vain to read the written worda told the secretary to send it to Fort Wayne, whence It came, .and to Inform the sender he had better learn to write "But. sir, this Is a letter you wrote and sent to Fort Wayne." the secretary replied. "They sent It back, saying they could not ma-ke it out." li'-u ..... nena it tack and tell them ta learn to read." thundered the boss " Sense of Humor "So you think women have a sens of humor." "Decidedly," rejoined Miss Cayenne, Some of them would never marry the men they do if they didn't appreciate Jokes." Such, as Has Uren Said, Is Life Bare tha Thotifhtleaa Iollara. Ad. Hilly little dollars. Careless, fooluh dollars (And nut so little, these dare. Either). You didn't use any srev You knew I needed new sboea. And my anit needed preasiAf. - ' And. oh. my colly! Wasn't that a bum-looktn hat I waa weartnal around T But what did you dof Ihd you gue a dure? I-rid you, like men. lok me in the eye and say, "Now. lookahere. youl You so spend us For what yo'i nee4 Jror new shoi and a hatj. For a well ncared su'L ",'n t ,,J( " run away And set mixed np with a lot of allly lea) eraaias HUH And TauriTifle ahnwa And tnnia tournaments. Rpend us oa aomethlna sansfblek For we are eaxelaae and Bead a raidlasT Taaad. Ihd you! Doggone ym. douare. bow did yoaf Well, yea: you did. But. bams aa how yra had to aw sneers aa I listed. Where did yon get offf I only know That I am full of frneterl aaraapardlM And audille rhyme. And grxKlnesa knows whether ITS get throng ia tbe first round of the rhemue. i And you you are spent. i Well. doJlare. Whaddye gonna make out of Hf There are more of ymi Where you came from. Ch trago Pott. 1,'nrle Jeff Snow Says: Met Sohlagmeler apologises fer not havin1 $000 In Liberty bonds by sarin' h alius did find It so much easier tr tsk" money outer a bank than to push money acroet to the gentleman behind the bars in a bank, that he couldn't buy but one little $50 bond, and had t i 1ult uyln gasoline an' go afoot fer j a montn to rto that. Olden Oregon Interesting Staflstlcs From the First Almanac. Published In 1S48. From an almanac printed lu 1848. tha first on the Pacific coast. It Is learned that there were eight counties at that time composing Oregon Territory. Thejr were : Clackamas. Champoeg. Tualatin. amhill. Polk, Clatsop, Vancouver and Lewis. Their area Included all of tha territory now included In Oregon. Wash ington, Idaho and those parts of Mon tana and Wyoming west -of the Rocky mountains. The public debt of tha ter ritory on October 1. 1847,' was $2243.81; population about 6000. The vote for governor on tha first Monday In June. ;847, waa 1074. The estimated value of Imports and exports was about $110,000. The estimated amount of wheat raised In the territory for the two years last pre ceding was about 160,000 bushels a year. Journal Travel Bureau Notes Removing Error oug Impression Con cerning a Traveler's Right. - Many people are uner tha Impression that they are not allowed to check bsg gage ,on railroad tickets tinder govern ment control. This Impression is errone ous. AH tickets carry the privilege of checking ISO pounds of personal bag r.age free. Just the sama as heretofore. Baggage can be checked still from your home or hotel to destination. For Information regarding rates, toutes, time schedules, "reservations and other - details of a Journey call on or address "Journal .Travel Information Bureau." Is for mat ion1 free. i - i j - I