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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (June 23, 1918)
The . Keyriotm of the Century t For Humanity and Democracy f The Slogan of The Neighbor of Woodcraft hi "We Serve!" m X3R n - l ytiighbors of Xoo6craft This mouhmmm wto be pabUahea Um fourth Bandar at nT suata by tb Watgnbon of Woodenft Pubucatlos Otflos, Woodcraft Bid.. Tanth at Tsjlor. Phone M4ln 2256-S67-870-O. A-2867 dread Guardian. . . . Paat Urand Uuardlaa (irand Adviser Urand Clark Urand Banker , brand Magician.-. . . Uraad attendant. . UBAND orriCKHS. TEKlt 1.17-1921 Carrt C. Van Orsdall, Portland, Oregon Kansas Cioodenouso, Den, Colorado , , a , Amanda H. Findling, Dcbtm. Colorado ,." John U. Wright, Portland, Oregon , Bertha Sumner-Laach, Portland, Oregon Kuth Wilson. Taeoraa, Wellington .Mary V. 8tTn, Nes Psrce, Idaho Urand Inner Ileoanal Nettie Kenfro, LeadrtUe. Colorado Grand Uuter Sentinel., Chairman Hoard of Managers . , Urand Manager Urand Manager Urand Manager Urand Manager. . . . , Urand Maoager. . . . t Urand 1'hjrslcian Urand Pbjraiclan .Carrie N. Parker." Gladstone, Oregon j Annie P. Hawkins, Toledo, Oregon . . .Cora O. Wilson, ban Francisco. California Anna 8. Nard&ll. Helena, Montana Mary J. Hunt. Salida, Colorado Minnie inner. Lot Angeles, California .Emma L, McCallnm. Spokane. Washington B. V. Griffith. lieadTille, Colorado William Kuykendall, fcugene. Oregon WHAT THE PUBLIC IS GETTING THE big, unorganized, credulous public has small opportunity to protsct itself against Its exploiters. It takes what It Is riven, with, perhaps, a few futile growls, and lets It go at that. . As a matter of fact. It really seldom knows what It. Is eettin. and cannot take ths trouble to find out. If anyone tries to tell It the truth about what It is getting, all the organised Interests and politicians get busy to silence that rooiisn iooi , ana ma are many ways In which this silence can be brought about. Take the aublect of insurance, for Instance. How many men or women who pay premius really know about the Inwards of the insurance game? Not one In How many of the thousands of Insurance agents, wno are seumg me puduc, really know the Inwards of the Insurance game and the Insurance raXt? Not more than one in ten. They parrot the arguments and the statistics that are passed out to them ; these arguments and statistics are made up in the head of fices by the brightest minds that a 4ot of money can hire, and they are put up in .real artistic shape. ' How many men and women In the state of Oregon, for Instance, realise what the fire insurance laws of Oregon are doing to themT How many have ever taken a square, critical look at the fire rating provision? Not half a dosen in the state of Oreegon know that there la such a provision on our statute books, let alone what It is doing to them. The so-called "non-board" companies have tried to work the public up to the point of letting these "non-board companiese" in. regardless. But these "non board" companies have Just as little interest In the general public's side of the question as have the board companies. The "non-board" companies want to start something which will go Just far enough to benefit them, and no further. Not very long ago I was asked to help fight the insurance code; but. when I told those who Invited me that my enlistment meant a fight for the insuring public's Interests, clear down the line, they backed up and backed out and didn't want my services. I said I would work for a modification of the law to the extent of permitting the free and untrammeled operation of cooperative fire insurance in the state of Oregon and the elimination of the rating bureau ; and that they, the board and the non-board companies, upon an open competition basis, could trfen fight their particular fight out In the purely commercial field. Oreat Scott 1 A free field for cooperative insurance of any kind is somethlrfg which no old-line company, board or non-board, wants. I told .the non-board people that I would do my share of educating the public on the subject of insurance, but they didn't want the public- educated that la, not really educated : because, If the public ever grasps the fundamental, underlying principles , of life, fire and other forms of insurance, there will be a revolution in the Insurance game. , e e e Let me point your attention to the fire rating bureau provision, adopted by the f17 session of the Oreeon legislature ; and let me add that this law is modeled after laws which have been put through in almost all the other states In the Union, under the efficient direction of the Insurance Federation. By Section 22-d of the act of 1917, a rating bureau Is created. This section. divided into thirteen paragraphs. Is something worthy of the most careful con alteration of every merchant or farmer or home owner In the state. Complete power has been handed over to the Joint stock fire insurance companies to arbi trarily fix the rate on every fire risk In the state. Not by direct enactment, but by the cooperation of licensed fire insurance companies. piisnand other provisions of the. Insurance code, the commercial fire insur ance companies hve been vested with power, not only to destroy opposition within the state and enforce the mandate of 'their rating bureau. buV If the "system to permitted to go on without question. It will be Impossible for any insurance com pany or association, either domestic or foreign, to write fire Insurance In the state, except upon the rates and on the terms prescribed by the rating bureau. The section referred to not only provides for the creation of a rating bureau, but declares that when a rating bureau Is, organised, it is "public service In char acter and shall be conducted without profit to any party." It is possible that this "without profit to any party" looked good to the mem' hers of the legislature, but Its result is to practically destroy any independent rating business, because the rating bureau, being compelled to operate without profit, will only be operated by the companies who derive the profits from their business. And this provision gives those companies an opportunity, without let or hindrance, to fix rates that will make their profits whatever they choose to exact. .The legislature. In that section creating- a rating bureau, created a something ridiculous as it is dangerous, in what Is supposed to be a democratic state govern ment. The fire companies have been handed a power to create, at will, a "public service corporation," and that corporation, when created, is clothed with an auto cratio power over the pocketbook of every citlsen of the state. The citizens whose business necessities compel them to buy fire Insurance can have no voice nor control In the creation of that bureau. In the face of this law they are helpless. The bureau, beyond control. Judicial or otherwise, is responsible only to the fire Insurance companies, who give It being. It has no cause to consider the rights or interests of any but its creators and masters. The Insurance commissioner is graciously permitted to watch it work and observe all that It does, but he Is given no power to even review, much less change. Its work or determination. In fact, he Is compelled to carry its mandates as to rates into effect, whatever they are. It is a complete law and power unto Itself. It is that unique thing : A bureau, having autocratic power over the pockets of every insurer, responsible to no one, and whose existence depends alone upon the greed of foreign fire insurance companies, licensed to do business In Oregon. If you have never read Section 22-d, it will pay you to get a copy of it and read It. Note: As I pass this article to the printer, my attention is called to the announcement of Insurance Commissioner Wells that he has. Induced the fire rating board to reduce the rates upon what are called "commercial" risks ; that Is, business property; that this reduction will run from May 1, and effect a saving of f 100.000 per year to owners of the class of property rerated. Oregon Is to be congratulated upon having a " persuasive Insurance commis sioner, and a man willing to use that power of persuasion with the rating board, to secure thereby even so small a reduction for so restricted a class of property. Every little bit helps. But the fact remains that the insurance commissioner of Oregon should have some real power over the rating board in the matter of rates. If Mr. Wells had power under the statute to demand a voice in the rate fixing, the whole state. Instead of Portland, and all classes of risks instead of a limited class, would be promptly benefited by the lessening of fire hazard, under the efficiency of the fire marshal's office. Truly, the fire rating bureau provision of the Oregon statute needs fixing. The poor fire insurance companies last year, according to an expert authority, Arthur Richmond Marsh, gave the public "all the fire coverage It required," and "were rewarded with a scant S per cent on all the capital they had invested in the service." In the Economlo World of March 23, 1918, Mr Marsh gives the figures for 1917 , to prove the "generally unsatisfactory outcome of fire underwriting" that year, from the companies' standpoint, and- to show that "these figures, of themselves, afford ample Justification for the Increase in fire Insurance premium rates that has recently been effected by the companies." Here are some of the figures for 187 companies reporting to the New York department as gathered by Mr. Marsh and presented by him : Total net premiums collected for 117, $506,li4.518 ; total income collected for 1917, 1539,656,950 : pay ments of fire losses In 1917, $239,249,330; total expenditures of all kinds by the companies, lncludlrfe payments of fire losses, $430,701,028. Now. If my mathematics Is not all awry. If you deduct from the total net premiums collected $506,114,518 the total expenditures for all purposes $430.- 701,028 you get $75,413,490, net surplus from the net premiums alone. But if you take their total income, which Is legitimate $539,556,950 and from It deduct the total of all expenditures $430,701,028 you have $108,855,922 velvet for these 187 companies. According to Mr. Marsh's statement, the total capital stock of these 187 fire insurance companies during 1917 was $119,638,990. With a total net Income above losses and all expense of $108,855,922 in one year, the company collected within less than $11.0yr000 of their total capital stock on one year's business. Yet. Mr. Marsh says these poor companies secured a scant per eeat on their capital stock. AJB FIGURES WOJT LIE! In addition to collecting a net profit in one year equal almost to their total capital stock, these poor companies, according to Mr. Marsh, Increased their assets curing ism, jaY.38i.zio; ana at the end or 1917 their total assets on hand amounted to i8Z6.Z75.667 ; Jutt a ait sky of oae billion actual aggets on hand! Bat they raised their rates! They needed more money! Let us get down to the Oregon statistics, as compiled by the insurance deoart ment of Oregon, for 1915 which is the latest out, or at least that I have been able to secure. The fir Insurance companies in Oregon collected from the Oresron Dublin in premiums. In 1916, $4,021,886.87. They paid losses In Oregon for-the same period amounting to $1,292,7033, leaving a surplus of $2,729,182.94, collected from the people of Oregon over the losses they paid back to the people of Oregon. According to the Insurance commissioner's report, the losses paid in 1916 by en lire insurance companies represented a little over 82 per cent of the net pre- miuiDi collected ; to be exact. 82.1 per cnt. . Don't overlook the fact that the per cent of Uuses paid to collections received from the residents of Oregon Is bated spoa the net premising collected. ' Supposing that the local agents la the state could absorb $729,000 of the net premiums paid by the Oregon people in .1916, w then have over two million dollars paid in. by the Oregon people to the fire insurance companies, to be taken out of the state, and sever again to come back to the state In any manner or form, because the annual collections, or the premiums tor each year, are more than the losses occurlng in each year, and are. therefore, taken care of by the premiums tor eacn year. Therefore, the two million exeess above all expense which went out of Oregon for the 1916 baslnegg wilt never come back. ' For the same time we find the report of the mutual fixe companies of Oregon, on -page 29 of the commissioner's report. The total Income of the domestic mutual fire insurance companies for premiums and other Items of collections was $227, 666.16, and they expended during the year, for all purposes, $215,915.97, leav ing them a surplus on the year's total collections of $11,750.19. Their total expenditures for 1916 for fire claims amounted to $142,410.68, or they paid out in fire losses an amount equal to 62.5 per cent of their total in come. Compare this with the ratio shown by the old-line companies for profit 62.5 per cent of collections by the mutual or cooperative fire Insurance companies, paid back to the citizens of Oregon, as compared to 32.1 per cent of the total collections from the citizens of Oregon paid back to these citizens in fire losses by the commercial companies. No wonder that the Insurance code Is so 'framed, under the direction of the In Burance Federation of Oregon, that no new mutual or cooperative companies can be organized in the state ; that the two or three mutual cooperative com panies already doing business are per mitted to continue under hampering re strictions ; but never again can a mutual cooperative fire Insurance company be organized in our state 1 In this connection, let me point out that the insurance legislation in every state in the united States, under the direction and instigation of the insur ance federation. Is so framed that it sves an absolute monopoly to the coan panies already In existence. Next to the so-called "Industrial" (life) business, the fire insurance business is the most profitable in the Insurance world. In proof, taking a few of the com panies reported doing business In Ore gon, in 1916, here are some "dividend statistics, which are worthy of consid eration : Etna of Hartford : Annual dividend for 1916, 20 per cent; dividend In 1892, 18 per cent, and the annual dividends from that date never dropped below 16.7 per cent until 1916, when Its dividend was again 20 per cent. The Boston of Boston : Dividend in 1906, 24 per cent ; paid annually for 1909, 1910 and 1911 a dividend of 30 per cent. Continental Insurance Company of New York: Annual dividend, 1906, 1907 and 1908, 45 per cent ; annual dividend, 1909, 55 per cent: annual dividend. 1910, 75 per cent; in addition (1910), dlstribu tlon of stock dividends, 100 per cent ; total dividends. 175 per cent. The 100 per cent stock dividend eased off the div idends of the Continental Insurance com pany and they paid only 50 per cent an nually until 1916 when the capital was increased from $2,000,000 to $10,000,000. Seven million dollars of this $8,000. 000 increase in capital stock was paid for out of the accumulated profits, after the company had paid the annual divi dend of 50 per cent. Didn't cost the stockholders a cent. The German-American : Annual divi dend, 1891 to 1896, Inclusive, 20 per cent ; annual dividend, 1897, 25 per cent ; an nual dividend, 1898 to 1902, inclusive, 30 per cent ; regular dividend, 1903, 30 per cent; special dividend, 1903, 20 per cent; regular annual dividends since 1903 to 1916, inclusive, 30 per cent. Gerard Fire and Marine of Philadel phia : Annual dividend. 1891, 24 per cerit ; annual dividend until 1905, 20 per cent and 25 per cent; since then a regular dividend of 20 per cent These examples are not extreme. They are average. Let us get away from the sordid average and select a really profit able Are insurance company. Take, for instance, the Glen Falls company of New York: 1891. 1892 and 1893, .10 per cent ; for the next succeeding five years, 20 per cent ; then for three years annual dividend of 30 per cent ; dividend in 1901. 60 per cent ; dividend in 1902, 30 per cent ; dividend In 1903 and 1904, 60 per cent ; dividend In 1905, 35 per cent ; dividend in 1906, 90 per cent; dividend in 1907 and 1908, 30 per cent; regular dividend In 1909, 30 per cent; extra dividend In 1909. 85 per cent ; total dividends in 1909, 115 per cent r in 1910, 120 per cent; in 1911, 220 per cent ; in 1913, regular dividend, 105 per cent, and in addition, In 1913, s stock dividend of 160 per cent; total, 1913, 255 per cent. That eased things off during each of the two years following when they paid a dividend of 37 per cent If the Insurance federation does not get me "interned," I want to give you, soon) the testimony of ex-Insurance Commissioner Potts of Illinois, submitted as a minority report oh the "actuarial bureau" of the national board of fire un derwriters, to the insurance commis sioners' convention In -1915. It Is In teresting, and authoritative, and it helps to understand the fire rating bureau laws. THRIFT STAMP SALES PROMOTED E STATES BY NEIGHBORS Strong Emphasis Is Placed Upon Ultimate Purpose Behind the War Savings Campaign. The following Is a recapitulation by states of. the stock of Thrift Stamps consigned to the circles of the Neighbors of Woodcraft and the amount of Stamps sold from January 15 to May 31, 1918. State Colorado . . . California . Oregon Washington Montana . . Idaho Utah Wyoming . . Nevada Totals Stamps Consigned Sold ..$ 19,401 $ 8.239.95 36,440 ZZ.3Z3 21,340 6.707 12,705 8,505' 2,645 3,690 6.000.06 4.437.30 3.283.00 1.076.50 2,050.00 649.00 430.60 -$35.00 ..$127,766 $21,603.31 The following are miscellaneous stamp consignments and sales : Local Stamps Headquarters Consigned Sold Spokane $100 $ 25.00 Denver 1Q Ix8 Angeles 100 Salt Lake City 100 San Francisco 100 Spokane 200 Golden Gate Circle War S, S. Society 200 Individual Sales For Oregon 2260 Bertha Leach W. 8. 8.. 8 Circle No. 806, Ely, Nevada. W. S. S 20 25.00 25.00 25.25 25.00 557.42 33.20 83.00 $798.87 FRATERNITY EXECUTIVE B! -. :. v.v.y.v : . - - - t- i Juvenile Members to Have Picnic July 6 Juvenile Circle No. 2. Neighbors of Woodcraft held Its regular meeting Sat urday afternoon, June 15. There was a splendid attendance of enthusiastic young folk present who performed the ritualistic ceremonies with dignity and grace. Some of our adult officers might well emulate these splendid juvenile of ficers in letter perfect memorized lec tures, poise, interest and enthusiasm. Committees were appointed and plans perfected for a picnic to be held at Berk ely station, Saturday, July 6. Juveniles to meet at Second and Alder at 10 :30, tak ing along Hoover lunch, and circle to furnish ice cream. Juveniles George Weber, Alice Smith and Geary Sundeleaf will furnish the amusements, and Juveniles Josephine Leach, Bertha Lauth and Dorallis All phlne will have charge of the lunch. An exhibition drill team is being or ganUed. This organisation is particularly for tunate In having many fine musicians. and & committee consisting of Juveniles Viola Slavens, Mary Kelreher. Josephine Leach and Alica Smith were appointed to' promote the musical interests. The circle is eagerly looking forward to some rare treats from this committee. JuveajJ.es Viola 81aven9, Alice Smith and Josephine Leach were the recipients of congratulations from all present, hav ing the day before been graduated from the grammar school. . Totals $3,188 Why Thrift Stamps The Neighbors of Woodcraft in plan ning its assistance in promoting the campaign of the national war savings committee, confined Its activity to Thrift Stamps for two reasons: First: The Thrift Stamps, being not the ultimate investment the handling of the sale of these would not in any way Interfere with the credit on the pro rata sales of the War Savings Certifi cates required of each community. The War Savings Certificate is the ultimate Investment and upon it is based the credit to the community and the Individual in going "over the top4' Therefore, the Grand Circle of the Neighbors of Woodcraft financed each circle with a stock of United States Thrift Stamps and Instructed that when any purchaser had filled a Thrift card that this card, together with the cash difference, be exchanged through the postofflce or local banks In the local community for a War Savings Cert in tate Stamp which is the ultimate in vestment and the basis of the com munity credit Second : The Neighbors of Woodcrafl confine its activities to the United States Thrift Stamps, because through these Stamps could be conducted. In an efficient manner, an' educational pro gram to inculcate the habit of thrift something which the American people need very much to cultivate, With these Thrift Stamps costing 25 cents, our campaign was to induce the member to save five cents, and five cents and five cents, until she had five five-cent pieces saved and then put the amount definitely aside In a Thrift Stamp. J The educational program of the Neighbors of Woodcraft was Intended to be broad enough to reach over, not only the War Savings campaign for, 1918, but for 1919 and 1920, and each year of the war. Further, It was meant to have a basis broad enough to reach over Into the reconstruction period and promote the habit of persistent and sys tematic thrift by theC wage earner. Objection Sot Sustained In some local communities and by some state directors, there has' been ob jection to the Neighbors of Woodcraft making consignment of Thrift Stamps for sale through the local clerks. The objection was that it interfered with the proper credit to the local community and the state, which is a mistake. The grand guardian has been re quested to change her plan of distribu tion, but she has replied that under our system of business we can only handle this matter and render this service in the way that we are rendering it; that the Neighbors of Woodcraft stand ready to meet all reasonable wishes of the state directors, even to the point of withdrawing from the service, and leav ing the state directors free to do this financing and furnishing our local clerks a stock of Thrift Stamps for sale. The position of Mrs. Van Orsdall is that while every local community 6hould necessarily have a trerhendous pride in doing better than taking up the quota assigned by the national com mittee, yet the great ultimata goal is that the War Savings campaign of 1918 shall put more than $2,000,000,000 lnro the United States treasury, as a loan. not from a few thousand people, but from at least 40,000.000 people. Tha big thing is the ultimata suc cess of the loan and the education of the great mass- of the common people of the United States to the patriotic service of loaning their pennies to the government With this big. ultimate goal in sight the Neighbors of Woodcraft stand weady to do everything that is possible in any local community, and to meet all the rea sonable requirements of the state dl rectors. Unless the different state directors are insistent and thus force the Neighbors V Wodcraft out of the campaign, we hope to have to our credit before De cember 31 the disposal or at least 250, 000 Thrift Stamps In the nine Pacific states. '''-; PV f - v v. , - v f :'- : '?XrX&S:J iSftfi X0-'"'; 'X f v V V2V & i " K Wtr -v- i' v-i - :v3c r w : . v ' w 5 'a i ' ' ' x - ' 1 . I - - C Carrie Van Orsdall, grand guardian Neighbors of Woodcraft THRIFT IS NOT MERELY SAVING PENNIES, IT IS PERMANENT ADDITION TO RESOURCES Thrift does not mean merely saving' pennies. Saving does not merely mean denying every little luxury or comfort the heart craves. True thrift is such a reserve of expenditures as will add something new to our available re sources, and that will create a surplus that can be given or loaned to the gov ernment for its use in the war. and for which we can take a government Thrift War Savings Certificate or Liberty bond, without being compelled to ask the gov ernment to repay principal or Interest tomorrow, or repay anything at all, for that matter, until the war demands are over. Thrift Is that which adds some thing permanently to our resources, and that we can loan to the government for war purposes. True thrift means getting that surplus In such a way or from such a source that when once we get it Into a War Savings Certificate or Liberty bond we can hold the certificate or bond as a patriotic creditor of the government until the war is over. Our patriotism Is scant unless we buy to hold until the war Is over. Our pa triotism Is scant If we merely buy under pressure, or merely to make an empty show of patriotism, but with Intent to sell as quickly as possible and so "get from under. That Is what we do when we buy with out creating a surplus from which we can buy and hold. When we buy with out intent to hold we are consciously, or unconsciously playing Into the hands of unpatriotic speculators, who reeerve their money at the time of the original sales from the government withhold it from the government while they cover their own slacking by yelling themselves black in the face at the farmers and toil ers and other producers, whose patriot Ism is proclaimed In their dallv live but who are without present cash and who hesitate to buy when they know that In order to do so they are compelled to borrow at tha excessive interest rates fixed by these same money slackers, and nsic to- tnem tne rarms and other pron erty mortgaged, and which must be held for productive purposes to feed or supply me xignung iorces. Old line life Insurance companies are collecting two or three times what is a fair charge for the Insurance they have for sale. The fire Insurance companies do even worse. If we can actually save one nair or two tmras ot what they de mand by the expenditure of a little morn In cooperative effort and still have as much insurance, and insurance too that Is In every way safer and better. It amounts to a net saving, that means true innri, ana what we so save we can loan to the government and still have all mat we naa in peace times. We have saved something that becomes a perme- nent resource aaaea to our present ac cumulations, can give it to the govern incni ip use, ana nave it a certain resource ;or -ju- own use in the future. Chips and Splinters Mrs. Kittle Beam, a member of Daphne Circle. No. 2. has accepted a po sition on the grand guardian's organisa tion staff and her field will be Eastern Oregon. Captain of Guards Swan son of Acorn Circle No. 54, Ashland, won tha prlae for securing the largest number of aoDli cants In a recent membership campaign. Spokane Circle No. 746, has 38 stars i its service flag; and seven more to be placed taereon. t a Whatcom Circle, No. 188. Belllngham. JUVENILE DEPARTMENT IS NEW DEPARTURE Ii THAT ADMITS OF WIDER SERVICE BY ORDER' Since ihe Protection of thj Home Is Cardinal Principle of the1 Neighbors of Woodcraft, Admission of Children to the XX. Benefits Is Logical Step. , ' Suffer little children to come unto Me j and forbid them not" The Neighbors of Woodcraft was built primarily for the protection of the home and -home ties. For more than 20 years it has gone steadily forward keeping always that end clearly In view. It has held fast to the basic principle of fraternity, a fra ternity broad and comprehensive. Through the development of the spirit of fraternity, the protection of each home is made of importance to the collective whole. In the work of the Neighbors of Woodcraft the principal of the home is extended to the whole membership. The whole membership stands to pro tect with ita united strength, each in dividual home of the Neighbors. By far the most Important purpose or the home is for the protection, nurture and training of the children. By far the larirMt part of what the Neighbors ot Woodcraft has done has been done di rectly or indirectly tor me Denem oi the children of members. Some of those children have been aaaea directly as beneficiaries named in the certificates of parents wno nave aieo. Hundreds of others have been aided indi rectly by the payment of benefits, or death claims to a surviving parent Hun dreds of others have been aided through the relief fund expenditures, and thou sands of others through the kindly ad ministrations of the circles and Individ ual members. Here is illustrated an other of the great purposes served by the lodgts. Chrtdrea sow cugieie tv... vihhnr of Woodcraft have don all these things for their children through all these years. But there is always more and more wnicn may c done. At the meeting of the grand circle last September the order went further, and perfected plans for the organisation of Juvenile circles and the admission of the children of memoers to mrci v -'- ipation In the afiairs or. mai aepri.- ment of the order. The members' children may now have their own little lodges, organised within the established circle, in wnicn. wan ritualistic ceremonies and orderly pro cedure, they will transact uw.r - business, and commence their prepared- j ness campaign for democracy eminent and cooperative management. They commence their training in these important features In the affairs and re lationships of life. , As the circles may r imenoa w high schools of democracy, so the Juve nile circles may om um - mary schools of cooperative manage ment . . Although not the first order to create a Juvenile department It was character istic of the Neighbors of Woodcraft to take up the construction of the depart ment from a new angle. The new angle was to develop benefits for the child and to the child's advantage rather than to give exclusive attention to the payment of benefits on the death of the child. In the Neighbors of Woodcraft Juve nile department all excess collections, and all interest accumulations thereon are carefully preserved and Moanto for and paid direct to the Juveniles. It Is Something; to which th luvanll ra al! ' ways look forward. ' 4' : The Juvenile department is maintained ' by a regular contribution of 20 cents each month on behalf of each Juvenile.' . That covers the entire cost From lt.5 but not to exceed 35 per cent of it. allV the expenses of the Juvenile lodges and tha anttre cost of the department ara? met How Feed la Admlslsterea . j Sixty-five per cent of each monthly colV lection in the Juvenile fund Is set aside. , In the benefit fund of that department' All matured claims are paid from that fund. At the end of each year an amount equal to 20 per cent of the amount of tha , claims paid during that year Is set aside' to accumulate as an emergency surplus,'! and the remainder la truiifumiA ill? rectly to the credit of the Juveniles and;: . to be paid, with all accretions, on their ; sixteenth birthday, to those whose mern bership continues until that time. J inai is a direct money benefit to -each child that is Important and verjr substantial. it represents the exoeMi collections and net profits of commercial I . each Juvenile will vary of course, and ' depend upon the number of years then Juvenile maintains membership, the num! ber of deaths, the lapses and tha rateT of Interest obtainable. it 3 Some Idea of what it may amount to? ' may be obtained by a simple calcula-' uon. r or an example let us use the" life tables for the white races of both". " sexes In the United States, covering tb. entire population, and prepared by tha United Rtatea cnvurnmanl WHar tha -. death rate in that table contains a frao- tlon let us use the next higher complete, number. That will Increase our as sumed burden. That table covers the.' entire nonulation. htrh of rnnnii shows a higher death rate than will oc-R cur In a selected class, that meets high, physical and environment requirements.. That la another little extra burden that we will assume. Assuming; then a twice loaded death rate, and no lapaea, for 100C Juveniles entering between the ages of. 2 and 3 In one year, with Interest at S" per cent the accumulation to be paid to -them on their sixteenth birthday wllH- amount to 120.733.18. In the meantime" their beneficiaries have been paid I5b7R : and reserve accumulated In the Juvenile- . ....v.. . w.. "lU.l.l.ln IV, & WW. . w. . this illustration, taking 1000 mambers entering at the are of two years the ex . cess collected, over benefits paid and re serve accumulated, would amount tOk . t 5n 17 ii i - i. . - i . to the children. ft The benefits paid In the Juvenile ds-j paruneni vary according to age at entry and length of membership, according t, a fixed table and run from a minimum. . - . " . ...a a . Mil. v, . UU7, ' . - 7 When the Juvenile reaches the age oft 1 years. It Is eligible for adult members ship and. its Juvenile membership auto-' matlcally terminates. If the child' chooses to continue in the Neighbors of TT ' - A St. . . uvul i i m u suuii mrnre?r Is or tains the same interest In the Juvenile department of the order enjoyed by every other adult member and may be- . come a Juvenile's beneficiary. -: Wash., was the first fraternal order to take up the sale of Thrift Stamps, At a recent meeting a pie auction was h ew the successful bidder in each Instance re ceiving the amount he X Thrift Stamps. The auction netted a sale of 290 of Uncle Sam's baby bonds. The Woodmen of the World and the Neighbors of Woodcraft of CreswelL Or., totny o-wn the hall in which the camp and circle meet The lower floor of the building has been donated, rent free, to the Bw Scouts and the Honor Guard to .nri hold their meetings. Marion Circle. 'No U oSilverton. Or., assisted by the Wrxd men Camp, re cently gave a ball and raised $0 for the Nellie D. McFadden. clerk of Circle HOLDERS OF JUVENILE CERTIFICATES Here and There Silver Bell Circle. No, 43, of Salem. Or.. has organised a Woodcraft War Savings society, which meets twice a month after adjournment of the regular circle meet ing. A thrift play has been planned ror June' 21 to stimulate the Interest of the society. Melissa Snider, clerk of Circle No. 154, Welser, has sold $41 s worth of Thrift Stamps, and Annie Triplow. Guardian Neighbor, $122. "We are going to aver age better than one War Savings Stamp for each member by December 31," de-, dares Neighbor Snider. Grand Manager Annie P. Hawkina, representing the Neighbors of Wood craft on the State Council for National Defense, attended a recent meeting of the council in Portland. Glenn E. P. Grler, banker of the circle at Ely, Nev., assisted by Neighbor Arn old, sold $.000, of the third Liberty loan bonds, $1400 of which was purchased by neighbors of the order. . iff':?' " ' ! v -tt S ""Xv-fx" xhM f X' k s 'rX vrV ' Vol thxX'X ' XS' X'XX ' A ut ' rv Jl, xx 'T' l! Left to right Carol Cecilia Bemmelgarn. granddaughter of Grand Guardian' Van Orsdall, who holds Juvenile eertificate No.' 2. (Boshnell photo.) i)orman Sumner, nephew ' or Grand Banker Leaeh, and bolder of JuvenUo eertificate .No. 3..(Davies phetoj . " M , No. 350, Junction City, reports: "Just line to say we are still doing our MC At our last meeting In April, Laurel Home Circle, No. 350, voted to purchase another Liberty bond. This Is the sec ond $50 bond we have bought We have sold $U.75 worth of Thrift Stamps., Neighbor Alberta 8. McMurnher of Eugene was honored with the -office of assistant grand matron for Oregon, by the recent session of the Eastern Star. Neighbor Mary Johnson of Pendleton was reelected treasurer. Death entered the family circle of Grand Guardian Van Orsdall and called -her, brother. Sam A. Crowner, on May 20. The mother, Mrs. M. J. Crowner, and the widow, Mrs. Myrtle. Crowner. are neighbors of Circle No. 627 of Pendleton, Attention Called To Technicality When the grsnd clerk sent In his re ports for 1917 to the Insurance depart-1 merits, he. inadvertently, sent In the us ual answers to questions Noe. 19 and 29 of the blanks. When Mr. Landls sent back his val uation, he called attention to the fact that these answers were not In aeeord- ance with our new provisions and our new plan of operation, and suggested that a supplemental report be filed an swering these questions in accordance with our new plan. Mr. Landls was asked to draft these as rt erwaseg rw at a a a.w.u. ., aaiiaiT-vi a; vi ases. au B nt. tiiniii LM:ilIllt:SLl I V . correct, and submitted the following.' wnicn nas been rued : . - Answer No. 19. No. - Answer No. 20. Assessment rates are graded to entry ages on an arbitrary scneouie lor age-groups beginning at fcO cents per mopth per $1000 of protection for the first age-group, l-20, and in creasing 10, cents per month per $100 for each successive group of ages to age 4 and then 10 cents for each age to and Including age SO. Rates are made for ages 11-65 on $100. $200 and $500 eer tificate amounts. The rates are based on neither the "level premium nor step rate" plan as generally understood. There are regular monthly assessments at specified rates according to ages at entry and certificate amounts, but the number of assessments Is not uniform. since it varies with the necessity for "Special Benefit" assessments when current benefit fund Income, plus inter est falls below 130 per cent of the amount of current claims -current claims with $0 per cent added. The pro vision to maintain benefit fund income 30 per cent in excess of benefit fund dis bursement by the levy of special benefit fund assessments. In addition to the reg ular monthly benefit fund assessments, distinguishes ths plan of the Neighbors of Woodcraft from the ordinary "Level premium plan, and renders "Prospeo tive" valuation unnecessary. We desire to call attention to ths wide difference in the ratio of solvency shown under our new plan, and the old plan, upon the same statistics: The old plan, with our new ratej, makes our ratio 45 per cent . T; .flu fiMr nlAJf. arlth. Anr.iuv makes our ratio 130 per cent - -Some difference t (raid XXI