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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (July 12, 1917)
- THE OREGON V DAILY JOURNAL, PORTL'AND, . THURSDAY JULY 12, 1917; ; i ; .. t '8 ) if i-r - ill tSDs'pENDKNT (X . JACKSON.... ...PablUhcc Pabllabad eterr day, aftarnooa and Morula 14 . (nctpt Bandar afternoon) at Tbe Journal imildlni, Broadway tad XamhW auraata, :' l'eruand. Or. '2, Kataree at tb poetof flea at Portland, Or., for J traaemlaaioo tarougb tba nails aa second alaae Matter. 4ft, hp. IP i ' ,3,. TXttPHOISHB Main 7178, Horn, A -0081. if,j. All oapaxtmeata reached by tbcaa Bombers. TaU Ua operator wnat dapartment yott waat. rOUiOM ADVEBTISINO BJCP&BSENTATir - Banjamin Kentnor Co., Brunswick bide ''MS riftk ave.. Nw X"ork, 121 feopla'a 7"" Usa bMg.. Cblca. " Mkaartptlea term by mall ar to any addraaa j. , , la tbe Unites Staua or Mexico: -f- DAtLX (MOKNINQ 00. AlTIRMOON) 8 04 year $3.00 I One moctb .60 . . SUNDAY OSe 7 oar $2.60 I On staeta $ .23 VAIUX (MORNING OB ATTKBNOOK) AMD v SUNDAY On rear $7.60 On month. 9 .65 j A 1 . aaa the 1 had fainted unleaa I had t11eTd to tba foodnaaa of the Lord In tba laiM of IItIdi. i'aalm xrrl1:13. DO Up LINO THE POWER s ENATOR POIND EXTER o 1 Washington is endeavoring Itv have provision made in the rivers and harbors bill for a 40 foot channel to Fort Vancouver. Here Id proof of The Journal's long time contention that Portland can help herself by helping Van couver, because Vancouver, with maritime aspirations, would soon bring the support of Washington's congressional delegation to the Co lumbia. By that broad policy, we Would soon have the power of two states, instead of one state, behind r a I Columbia river projects. 1 Hitherto, the Washington dele ft gatlon has been concerned only f with Puget Sound. The dominat- " f ing influence of 60und ports caused f Washington senators and congress- 2 men to lose sight of the Columbia. The Columbia has been looked upon by all Washington as a strict- i ly Oregon river and its improve- , ment strictly an Oregon enterprise. That was all wrong. The whole , of southwestern Washington would " V 4 . . A 1 1 -.1.J 1 - xitj I'cuiBiiuouBijr ucueiiieu uy BUjf improvement and use of the Co lumbia. Nearly all the people of eastern Washington would be equally benefited. But they have not realized it. Their grain and other products in consequence are being hauled over mountains without any thought that the rates are necessarily based on a costly over-mountain haul, and without the realization that several locomotives are required to haul what one locomotive could haul with ease on a valley line. It is. j a tremendous waste of the re- i sources or eastern Washington pro- ducers, and all for the benefit of Puget Sound ports, t The Poindexter endeavor should t bave the earnest support of every a. member of the Oregon delegation except that the depth asked should .be reduced to 30 or 35 feet. The Jlan would benefit Portland. In r .getting federal aid for a deepened "'channel from Fort Vancouver to " the mouth of the river, Senator " Poindexter will also be getting in creaaed depth from Portland to ' the mouth of the river. It will be case of two states doing together 'what one state has been trying to - do alone. Their joint efforts should ,-. in weight be double what the ef , : forts of the one have been. V t The Poindexter effort for the - lower river will presently shape Itself into concern about the upper . Columbia. Washington is really 'more to be benefited by improve- - ment of the upper Columbia than . - uregon. wasmngton has a s far greater mileage of that magni vficent waterway. Nowhere else in the world would so mighty an ;rtery of commerce lie unused. - ' ,The Poindexter interest in the Columbia should be welcomed and applauded in Oregon. It should be aided by Oregon in congress. It should be the signal for an alli : ftnee . of the two states for taking advantage of the marvelous chan nel of commerce which a bountiful ' nature laid at their doors for their -use; their welfare and their a : vancement 3ie Oregon public service om- , mission urges the prompt loading and . unloading of cars and many " other acts for the prompt handling of freight as a means of minimiz Ing an Increasing car shortage to -,b; brought on by the crop move ment, ' rr It is a timely warning. IworthToJ the attention of every " shipper' , , -'fl ;,' ,- EVOLUTION ATURAL selection with the survival of the fit and the elimination of the unfit . seems to be the law of evo lution at camp Presidio; as . it is everywhere else. From the re ports one would surmise that the proportion of the unfit among our prospective army officers is rather large. It is a consolation to reflect that those who survive the" ordeal :'-W K - will ; be neither brutal tyrant nor ; population of jreaklln and mol effeminate fclssies. j ljcoddlca. They aald Buff rase mad Young men liable to conscription squaws out of the men and a ma will not "be displeased to learn sons out of the women." that "driving" methods find little) But when action was required, favor with the regular army in- it is the great, free west that lead structors who preside over the des- the way. It Is New England and the tiniei of the training camp. To Atlantic sUtes, which were so bold the nascent field marshal who m words before the war that are hopes to win fame by bullying his! laggards when the war is here, men it is presently Intimated that Let the warlike east consult the he would shine more luminously i recruiting rolls and revise its views as a section boss on the railroad: than as an officer in Uncle Sam's democratic army. Suavfter in modo, fortiter in re, that is to say, the steel hand in ( the silken glove, seems ! to be da-1 sired fct the Pre3idld. Military com-j manders who have achieved great j things on the field have usually worn the silken glove, at least be tween battles. The witnesses whose testimony would be required in the Pacific Livestock suit for recovery by the state of fraudulently obtained school lands, are dying off or be coming more and more widely scat tered. Every postponement and delay is costly to the state. Why do not the governor and Mr. JCay back the attorney general up in his desire to push the case? THE HOOVER LETTER LMOST every day of war seems to bring to light some abuse to which the American people have been ' subjected. The Hoover letter to Presidenc Wilson affords a sample instance. Mr. Hoovor says: No better proof of tha hardship worked on our people during- the past year needs be adduced than the reel tatlon of th fact that the producer receives an , average of $1.51 per bushel for the 1916 wheat harvest; j yet wheat has been as high as $3.25 j at Chicago and the price of flour has been from time to time based on this speculative price of wheat, o that through on evil cause or another the consumer has suffered i from 60 to loo per cent and the pro- j Here at last, is official Btate- ment of the huge margin between who . . 1 what the producer gets and the consumer pays. The wheat for which the farmer got $1.51 went to consumers in flour on a basis as high as $3.25 per bushel. Some years ago statisticians as serted that the American farmer was getting $6,000,000,000 for products for which consumers were paying $13,000,000,000. That was in time of profound peace. The figures are not far different from the findings of Mr. Hoover and his associates, reported in time of war. B. F. Toakum. nresldent of th 1 1 ah aa Frisco railroad, had a table of sta- out Gf 186 railroads In the United tlstlcs prepared showing how much States lndIcates that the net profits the farmer gets for products- sold j of the road8 toT the year wiU in New York in one year. His in-1 total more than a billion and a vest gatlon showed that the farmer j quarter, and be greater than the receives 44 cents out of eachfdol- hitherto unapproached record for lars worth of his products. .Thi3,;1916. It l3 a ratiroad prosperity too, was in time of peace, and the almost Deyond the dreama 0f avar figures tally olosely with those oflce ana attestg the" sound judg Mr. Hoover I ment of the interstate commerce The IV.6W York Press also made : rommUslnn In rfnlr,- th H nr an investigation. It traced the;rftT,t m,- m rat. tt, viw progress of a head of cabbage from; iuo via.-o wucm 11 was grown on a small Connecticut farm to the ultimate consumer in New York. The farmer got a cent and a half for the cabbage. It first went to the commission merchant who lives ! on Riverside Drive, New York", j pays $2000 a year for his apart-! ment, keeps an automobile and spends $7000 a year. Next the cabbage was-sent to the whole- caler, who lives on West End ave- nue ln an $1800 a year apartment, keeps an automobile and spends $6,000 a year. Then it went to the Jobber who lives ln a $1600 apart ment, keeps an automobile and spends $5000 a year. From him the cabbage traveled to the retailer," who lives ln a!Pass int0 the hands of speculators $700 apartment, has a corner store at V1 lw figure which Is ap for which he pays $250 a month ' proaching. They will hold It for rent, keeps two delivery wagons at a cost of $140 a month and spends $2500 a year on his living. Finally, the cabbage got to the ultimate consumer, who lives in a $40 a month tenament, rides In the trolley car or subway, spends all he can make or a little more, to live, and for that head of cabbage in. that time of profound peace he paid nearly ten times as much as the producer got for It The American commission to Russia, having completed Its work. Is shortly to return to the United States. That its work was well done Is attested in the Russian drive on Lemberg. The commls-'- sion was, of course, not the only influenca In holding Russia stead fast, but. credentialed as it was from the American people, its-part was weighty in this greatest diplo matic drama of all time. ' THE EFFEMINATE WEST E NLISTMENTS for the regular army are still 40.000 .short of requirements. The shortage is In the east ern and gulf states. The first eight states .to meet their quotas wro uregon, aano. : Illinois; Indte ana, Montana, Nevada, Utah and! - The farmer must take what is Wyoming; Qghei, western 'state I offered . by the ; speculative buyers are recruiting rapidly and several. In his-home town- This .price is or them have now . passed their 'fixed 4n . the yblg centers and will allotments.;; , , if all below the hid of th 'bJHm hv Most of .the states that werel first to recruit their quotas were woman nutrrage states. r They, also, according to the .November election returns, were opposed to war. East ern-newspapers, after the election, taunted " tho? west .with having a of the west The corrupt, practices act was grossly violated in the late Port- land election by refusal of many to report their campaign expend! tures. The law Is plain. The of- fleers know what it says. What are they going to do about it? WITH TAX RECEIPTS B Y FIVE to .one, a referendum vote conducted by Equity, a magazine, declared in favor of heavy taxation of incomes war profits la. financing the and war. . An even heavier majority would appear were the voting universal. This nation is not at war for profit but for peace and national safety. The individual's thought should be as the nation's thought. The war should hot be contem plated by him as a means of mak ing a fortune but of making a sacrifice for the universal weal. A wise man would tax the honey not the bee. He would take of his store of honey rather than cripplo the bee which makes the honey. A wise nation will tax its honey, not its bees. Since its bees do the working and the fighting, the honey should bear most or all of the financial burdens, , Bonds had and have their place because of Immediate needs that cannot be met by taxation. The . , . . ' . . country bought them in a great burst of patriotism and will do it again when there is a similar need. But presently there will be a . i v i. mv ,u the place of the bond. That will be the time for the honey to do its part and leave the bees free to make more honey. The British have given the world the finest known example of un derwriting a war. They sold bonds when they had to. But their method of paying for It will cause i their part in this conflict to go I down in history so far as the Brit ish are concerned as a war of tax ! receipts. The net excess revenues over expenditures of more than $104,- nflft ftrtft ilrrfnff Tn 10,17 -.n 17 8 of thege mlghtT earnings, It is strange that the Oregonian con demns the denial of the increase In rates. THE GAME OF HESITATION T HIS season's wheat crop has already begun to move to ward the markets and prices are falling. Mr. Hoover ex- flaIns in hls letter to the president WQy tn BlumP ln prices will be '01 EO henefit to consumers while 1 11 wU1 greatly harm the growers unless congress takes speedy ac tion. , The slump will not benefit con sumers because it is merely tem porary. The bulk of the crop will famine prices. The consumer must pay the bills. On the other hand the slump is likely to hit the farm erg hard because they have sown an increased acreage, paying war prices for seed and help. If he speculators bear the market, as they are now planning to do, thousands of wheat growers who have risked their all on their faith in the nation's justice will suffer great losses. The speculator's opportunity to monopolize the crop and plunder both grower and consumer is ex ceptionally good this season, as Mr. Hooverpoints out in his letter to the president. Buying for export Is all in the hands of the general agents ap pointed for that purpose by the allies. Neutral buying Will not cut much of a figure In the market because the president has It under Iiis thumb and Is not likely to al low it to become excessive. The allies have resolved to fix an extremely, moderate price upon wheat, everything considered. They offer now in big centers like Chi cagdvll.50 the bushel. This Is fnot" enough to compensate the farmers for seed and labor, but it j ia more than they will get unh3 congress Intervenes. enoneh to make' & heiw mnrsHn for the speculators., The farmer !must sell promptly because he has borrowed money from the local bank i in - order to expand . produc tion Thus our system of piratical marketing wm punish him for re- spending to the call of patriotism. When ' the " speculators have- the wheat In their elevators they will hold for' famine .prices vail above the allied demand, which may run up to 150,000,000 bushels. Without intervention by con gress we shall probably eat 25 cent bread next year, if we can afford it. "The channel is deep; let's use It," Is the appeal of the Oregonian in praising the water route from Portland to the sea and in calling upon Portland to use It. The Jour nal applauds its contemporary in at last supporting the campaign for use of the water route In which this paper has toiled long and al most alone. The newspapers of Portland ca'n well join in this plea for a 'maritime commerce for Port land, for there is no other single Influence from which this city can derife so much in growth and sub stantial prosperity. GALLOIS N DTHINQ In the romance of history equals the flight of Gallols to bombard the Essen munition . plant. To read of anything like It we must turn to the heroic myths of the world's youth. It has been said too often and believed too easily that the day of personal heroism Is over and there Is no place for the beauty of Individual daring in modern warfare. Gallols4- great deed shows how false Is all such talk. He planned his feat with genius and executed It with a resolute courage which excites the admiring envy of all generous souls. Gal lois madb no mean war on women and school children.- His blow was struck at the heart of Ger many's military power. When he wrecked a quarter of the Essen works he Impaired the military strength of the German empire. Letters From the People Commanlcatlona aent to Tba Journal foe publication in this department abould be writ ten on only one aide of the paper. abooM not exceed 800 word In leogtb and must be ac companied by tbe same and addroae of tba sender. If tbe writer .doea not dealre to bate tbe name publlabed ba abould ao etate.J Regression and Expression Portland. July 11. To the Editor of The Journal Repression Is the fault of education. Then the keynote would be expression, a pouring out. Why does education encourage greed? We have been taught .thrift and rep res sion, but It ia expression tnat we need, and Instead of competitive It should be cooperative. Whose fault? For repression, read 'Change, i drama by Francis. M. A. B. Pessimistic About Crops Corvallls, Or., July 10. To the Edi tor of The Journal Oregon's "bump er wheat crop" for 117, owing to the absence of rain and moisture, has been cut by Just one half. Six inches of rain ln the past six weeks would have added $40,000,000 to Oregon's agricultural resources. Everything by this drouth has been hit, and hit hard. There Is not one thing that can be named but has been hit. Even the irrigated regions, owing to loss of 40 days by late spring, will be dimln ished. Gardens are drying up. Cher ries are dropping, to some extent. Currants and strawberries, raspber ries and all small fruits are cut nearly half. Crops In some localities are near failures. Renters will be hit good and hard. Even with the lata) spring, fall grain, owing to dry ground. Is ripening up with small heads, with ln most cases only two grains ln the mesh, against last year's three and four grains. The ground is so hot that, with light soled shoes, it will soon burn your feet; What have we done? Is the good Lord with the kaiser? Grass Is drying up except ln shady places. That means poor cattle this fall. Hay in western Oregon Is not half a crop. Cheat hay ln most places Is eight and 10 inches high There was only two fifths as much planted to vetch as usual. A great many farmers will have to buy hay, Farmers tnat have some luiy are sit ting tight. They all remember the long winter lust past, with as high as 150 per ton offered In Central Ore gon for hay to keep some stock from dying. No longer can you keep a beer steer until no is 5 years old. without feeding him hay for 13 months of the time. The day of the cowboy is past. Only at some coun tryi. round-up will you see him Hundreds of milk cows ln this state are going to the butcher. Scarcity of feed is doing this for the dairy man. He remembers paying as high as $30 per ton ln Western Oregon to finish his milk year. Hay will be higher ln the next 12 months thaw it was ln the past year. And yet people write about a bump er crop, it compares witn last year as the quart measure with the bushel All kinds of food will be higher the coming year, I personally know of one butcher with two shops who drove his auto 100 miles and did not find one beef for sale that was fit to kill. Go to the Portland stock yards and take Just one look at that California stuff and be convinced. For once this dry spell is all over the world, with few exceptions. I am interested ln farms and land in four counties ln Oregon and know what I am talking about. It is a matter of Weather and conditions, over which we have no control. rW. H. MILLHOLLEN. This extremely pessimistic iudg ment of the crop situation is ln great part contravened by the reports o Hyman H. Cohen of The Journal, who is now on his annual tour of the Eastern Oregon wheat belt. While he admits prospects might be consider ably better, there is abundant optl ml em in ms views. Query Concerning the Red Cross Stauffer, Or- July 10. To the Ed. itor of The Journal If the Bed Cross is such aa important port of the arm v. why is It not financed by the govern ment t A. M. B. This question was most fully an swered during . the recent Red Cross campaign for funds. All newspapers and all speakers were at great pains to make the matter quite clear. Briefly, how ever, the answer Is:, In the first place. the Red Cross Is not "an Important part of the army," nor i ny part of it. Its workers are not under enlistment. and army officers do not command it. nor drect its activities, aithoucdi. of course, they . cooperate to moke its work effective. Were the Red Cross funds supplied by the government, they would inevitably be expended by government officials, with all she rel tap and delay' that characterise the expenatlure of bay ether government funds, while the same delay would at tend all the actual exertions of the workers themselves. The Red Cross must, and does, spend money quickly, and work quickly. Also, the Red Cross Is International, not knowing foe from friend;, ln fact, these words are forgot ten, and it is only known tLat here is human being in need of succor. TCere the Red Cross American here, British there, German a little fartber on and Turkish over yonder, the : cx tlonals of any given power would, to mention only one limitation, be tempt ed to give their fclloty nationals the best of it; and this would go ery far toward killing the very spirit ln which the socioty was founded. The 45 Efficiency Club Portland, July 11. To the Editor of The Journal A few years ago a move ment was siariea among certain rail way lines, to weed out all paid help that had passed the age of 45 years. The process of weeding was not rapid at first, but like a slow, deep moving body of water the quantity, when cal culated at the year's end, was aston ishing ami the result anything but encouraging to the worker approach ing uie 46 period ln life. The "Forty-five Efficiency club" Is an organization or movement for the crystallization of public sentiment that efficiency and not age must be the criterion, and that no person who is aoie, capable and willing to per form, should be disturbed or removed from his Job or refused a Job simply due to age. There was never a time ln the his tory of Portland when a movement of tne kind this organization standa for deserves more encouragement. The great European war is rapidly chang ing conditions in the United States. Young men are being enrolled and en listed for service at the front, makina- vacant many positions. The work in this country must go on. There must be no halt. We need protection against enemies from within as well as from witnout, and to aid in these mattera the "Forty-five Efficiency" members are ready. W. P. LaRoche. cltv attomav m address the organization this coming muay evening at a public meeting at the Central library, at 8 p. m., to which mo pudiio are invited. D. C. LEWIS, President. Mor Oatmeal rrom tha CtoTaland Leader Last year the wheat ly a failure in the spring wheat states and the total yield for the United biates and Canada was small. But the crop of oats was very good, run ning well over the usual figures. Now it Is probable that the yield of wheat win Da a little larger than the crop of 1918, but It will still fall far h.ln the average of recent years. On the other hand, there is a fair chance that ine crop or oats will not only exceed last year's good harvest by stbout 130,000.000 bushels but will alas. ki. all records for the United States inese conditions point to more than the usual adoption of Scotch diet. It looks very much like the most general eating of oatmeal and oaten cakes that the country has ever known. Prices wiu guide consumption in that direc tion. Economy will s.rmi th. ot eating more of th grain on which the Scotch have built up their re markable vigor of body and mind. Anai wouia be no loss to the eountrv or any real hardship. There are many T,mjm ui uawig- oats ior numan food. It is not necessary to eat mush or por ridge ln order to give that grain a place among the food staples of an American household. And there la no reason why more satin of sm. not coincide with Improvement in the uca.nu ana pnysicai condition of thou sands of families. The Richest Time Prom tbe atcblaon Globe, Speaking about earthly things, you are richer when you are bora than wnen you ale, because when you are born you have prospects. When vou die you can't take a blame thing with you, regaraiess of the degree of suc cess you attained on earth. PERSONAL MENTION Chicago Publisher Here Arthur Bollln Johnson, publisher of-J the Lumberman, of Chicago, is at the Portland. Governor Idster in Town .Governor Lister of Washington is a guest at the Portland from Olympia. Senate Member Visits Senator F. G. Barnes of Silver Lake, Wash., is at tho Imperial. Will Cruise Bull Run Timber X. P. Gardner, timber cruising ex pert of Riddle. Or., is a guest at the Imperial. Ho Is hers to undertake the cruising work of the Bull Run reserve timber for the government. F. T, Small, cannery man of Tilla mook, is at tbe Imperial. Mrs. Jack Browne, well known ln Portland, has returned from a week end trip to Tacoma, and Is at the Multnomah, where she is a permanent guest. T. W. Robinson, tlmberman of Ol ney. Or., is at the Perkins. C. K. Armstrong of Wenateheo, Wash., is at the Washington. . J. W. Slemans of .Klamath Falls is at the Imperial. Blanche Skinner of Willow Creek, Mont., -is at the Portland. Fred W. Durbin of Salem. Or., is at the Washington. Walter C. Mlnnlck and party, tour ing from Walla Walla, are at the Multnomah. H. T. Danforth ot Los Angeles Is at tbe Oregon. C E. Sweeney and Phil Callaway of Pueblo, Colo., are in the city. H. G. Phillips of Corvallls is at the Perkins. P. N. Carlton, prominent shipbuilder. having interests in Portland, Aberdeen. Seattle and Vancouver, B. C, is at the Aluitnoman. S. G. Thompson, real estate man of Halscy, Or., Jr. a guest at the Perkins. Mr. and Mrs. H. W. White Jr. of Jackson, Tenn.. are visitors ln the city. J. O. Sutton of Astoria Is at the Washington. C. II. Roztrs of Spokane is at the Multnomah. R. U, Moore of McMinnvllle, p. Jor dan or xne uajies and Ralph Elder of Mitchell, Oregon men well known ln their communities, are registered at the Perkins. F. F. , Peck of Oakland. CaL, is a guest at tne wasmngton. Jos. E. Culver of Los Angeles Is in the city. J. A. Belmont of Seattle is registered at tne Oregon. M. Briggs and party, tourlnar from San Francisco to Seattle, are, guests at the iluitnoman. H. B. Potter of. Denver Is at the Portland. Mr." and Mrs. Welch of Sherwood are at tne Karaoinin, v H. W. Jones and. wife of WaUe, Walla are at tne uregon. . - ::: --yr -:, PERTINENT COMMENT But Lemberg is bouad to be Lemon berg for somebody, no matter wast happens, "Americans are in France for show purposes.' sneers Berlin. Led by a man wn hails trvrn tne Hhow ms state. Were Berlin's 'real sentiments ex pressed they would undoubtedly be found to be that the Russian offensive is ln mighty bad taste. Prodigal housekeepers are probably saying, "Weil! It that Mr. Hoover is as stingy at home as he is away from home, 1 pity his poor wife." The president of Brazil is to visit America. Last time the chief execu tive of Brazil came to see us he was styled emperor. The world do move. si Governor Whitman, in convening the New York legislature to enact foou legislation, possibly thought the legis lature would make congress ashasned ot it. "Get your hoe, Constantino, and help the Romanoffs cultivate their pota toes," urges the Detroit News, evi dently with the idea of putting, the "tan" on ConstanUne. After all his wining and dining ard feting and stuffing, it must seem gt'od to General Pershing to be back wHh the army once more and have some good old hardtack and beans and coffee. If the eases were reversed and the Germans had nothing but U-boats to shoot at they would le demanding that we paint targets on their sides and bring them to the surface when in action. SMALL NATIONALITIES rrom tha Public Everyone who has lived ln Kurope for any prolonged period must be en deavoring to visualise the application of the principle that people e ary where shall choose their way of lift tvnd their way of obedience. The problem of the small European nationalities is at its best knotty and at its worst a night mare. Every case presents a multi tude of special and peculiarly elusive factors. ' It is far from a general decla ration of Intention to making that inten tion effective in practice. It means, let us suppose, that in so far as our vote and Influence count, we shall use them to secure for small nationalities a larger measure of freedom. The situ ation is one that depends upon evolu tion and not upon legislation or treaty arrangement. The issue of small nationalities is being carried to an extreme both by the allies and their German opponents. There is nothing equivocal ln German policy. Teutonic domination of for eigners,' expansion through force of tbe German state, are an unquestioned part of its imperialistic program. There is ln addition a well defined German attitude toward the small state. For them It can only exist tem porarily, pending absorption by the great powers. The wishes of the in habitants are negligible; indeed, termi nation of a smeii state regime is for their own good as it ends the pettiness necessarily consequent upon their lim itations, and opens them to the great heroic emotions of citizenship in a world power. This attitude Is easily explicable by the fact that Oerman history for a century has been a strug gle toward unity and the suberumptlon of little local allegiances under a great national purpose. It Is commonplace to say that what Prussia has done to the states of Germany, she believes herself capable of doing to the rest of the world. a Against this assertion of brutal power and disregard of all rights that are not capable of maintaining them selves by force, the allies have taken a stand at the contrary extreme. Respect for small states is carried so far that, if a favorable military decision could be reached, there would be universal dismemberment along the lines of na tionality. The New Europe, obsessed by this principle, has discovered through one of its recent writers a whole nest of submerged nationalities ln Northern Prussia. If the political map were recast, Germany would lose all of her Baltic seaboard. The New Europe is careful to disclaim any in tention of suggesting this, but it is not dirricuit to discern its arm or thought. Clearly there can be no universal rule. The Scandinavian etates, the Netherlands and Switzerland stand in a group by themselves, as entitled of ancient and distinguished history, and obviously as important contributors to civilisation as their larger neighbor In so far as guaranties relieve them of the problem of defense, their re leased energy and resources have been devoted to more nobly patriotlo pur poses. a But the question is entirely differ ent in the Balkans. There nationality has meant smouldering revolt under Turkish rule, checked but maintained by the balance of the European great powers. Freed from the Turk by mo mentary unity, they set to work to cut each other's throats, to which task they were inclined alike by their own dls position, and the machinations of the great powers. Europe has known for decades that these hard little lumps of nationality, thrown suddenly into the scale, would upset the balance of power and precipitate a conflagration. In so far as the Balkan state is inde pendent. It is an Imitation of one of the great powers with a little autoc racy or oligarchy, armed to the teeth and clamoring for its rights to be re spected, with a background of valor ous blood letting and a future domi nated by calculated rivalry. Because its assertlveness was limited to the amount of force it could exert, it na turally fell within the influence of one HOW TO BE CALORIES AND SALARIES. Sometimes the men who get lthe smallest salaries require the most calories (food units). A hardworking laborer at $2 a day requires twice as many as the bookkeeper, of equal age and stature, earning three times as much. Since foods vary ln the nnmber of units of nourishment they contain and a .man can get more or less ot these units, or calories, for his money, according to what foods he selects, it becomes necessary for him to ac quire a working knowledge of food values ln order to get the requisite number of calories for tbe money available. Without this knowledge there is danger of seriously impairing the health by denying the body some of the essentials to its welfare. Instead of buying foods according to their value in calories, we are ac customed to buying by pounds and quarts. These measurements were invented before - the discovery of the calorie and It is difficult for the let ter to- oust them from their strong bold. The pound and! the quart are no more measurements of food values than they are of money. If you west Into a grocery store and offered toe clerk a pound. of money for a bag of flour he would not risk the sale, be cause sit would make a - greaj differ ence to him what kind of -money you Included In your pound. He would AND NEWS JN BRIEF, "Business as usual" is especially noted ln Baker, the Democrat says, ln all hnes Uvere is activity and nothing to cause any apprehension. Although the swimming season In the Columbia river has not yet of ficially opened, many persons, it is reported, are taking advantage of the "swimming holes" near Tiie Dalles, a Fred Crump of Harney county, who is about to enlift for service against the kaiser, is leaving a good sized busi ness to do It. The liurns Tribune says that since April he has shipped $lu, 000 worth of hides and furs out of southern Harney. That black walnut trees can be successfully grown in the Harney val ley has been demonstrated by John B. Dougherty, seven miles northwest of Crane, the American says. From wal nut seeds he now has a number of thrifty saplings with every prospect of growing to maturity. Even Sumpter, handicapped by ele vation as It is. Is doing its bit in the garden. The American says: "A walk about the town shows tiumpter gar dens are beginning to look like the real thing, potatoes can oe seen growing all about the town, and with anything like a fair crop it is safe to say bump ter's spud problem has been solved." A pool of 650 mole pelts was sold by County Agriculturist Shrock ot Yamhill county recently. The catch was made by 63 people, all but five or six being boys and girls who learned how to trap the mols and prepare the hides during the demonstrations held last February. A total of $103.30 was i distributed among the boys and girls. or the other of the great powers and thus became a pawn in European poli tics. The right of people to choose their own allegiance might easily cre ate ln the Balkans something compar able to a bag full of cats. If the al ternative La an empire like Austria Hungary, the case Is just as bad. The small nationalities may be kept from each other's threats, but suffer from submergence, discrimination and ex ploitation. The result Is that national hatreds are intensified and a powder magazine perpetuated ln the heart of Europe. a e Is it impossible to find a third al ternative? Has America no contribu tion to make to the problem beyond pious adherence to the sentiment of liberty? The trouble is that we think of tbe little nationalities of Europe as suffering from wanton persecution without searching very far for rea sons. We are inclined to assume that the situation Is very much as It i in the United States. But this naive a sumption may contain the key to the problem. After all. no power, past or existing, has bad so extensive an ex perience with nationalities as this country. This experience might be formulated as a principle of political actlcs and urged to the extent of our influence ln European affairs. In the first place, we should be aghast if any one should suggest that because Scan dlanavlans predominate in any one of our middle western states, that state should be given Independence; or be cause a group of towns in New Jersey are numerically superior ln Italians, that Italy would have any right to re gard that section as an "Irredenta." The American principle is not the con centration but the dissolution of the lumps of nationality that have come over from Europe. We are perfectly aware that group lines are maintained in proportion to discrimination. The principle breaks down at the negro or Japanese racial obstacle, but we know that the white groups cannot maintain isolation for many generations in the melting pot. a a The pre-eminent need of Europe is a Balkan melting pot. An admixture of liberalism would solve the whole problem. After all, nationality is an exceedingly fluid and relative affair. Florentines and Pledmontese became Italians; Swiss unity Is unaffected by racial, linguistic and religious differ ences. Roumanians are Latans beraune they choose to he; If the ethnographer were given the task of constructing the map of Europe, it would be mot tled beyond ail recognition. If we ln America believe ln the power of the meltln pot to merge national affin ities into a larger allegiance, we must believe that the same principle would be efficacious ln Europe. But the task is not simple. Irish nationalism is not kept alive by Sinn Feiners half so much as by absentee English landlords. It is difficult for the persecuted Poles to have their grievances redressed so long as the Polish landlords of Uk ranla are the most oppressive in ex istence. The nationalities of Austria Hungary are for the most part peas ant natlonaltieev kept unified "and con centrated by a common opposition to their German and Magyar landlords. Oppression is a land problem soluble by a sufficient dee-ee of local auton omy to break the tryanny of the feudal estates. If political Independence merely means an exchange of landlords, no good is accomplished. A Balkan eco nomic federalism La a possibility, if the agrarian evolution Just described should be brought about. Otherwise, no matter how many small states are brought into existence, they will come under the inevitable domination of either Austria or Bulgaria. Americans naturally have little con ern with the Balkan problem, but it is well for us to understand that our mode of dealing with nationalities is not that of Europe. We believe, not In concentration and segregation, but an the efficacy of the liberal melting pot. We believe, not so much in the liber ation of groups as ln the liberation of individuals. HEALTHY Copyright. 117. ay i. Km;. be cheated if you made up the weight with pennies and much overpaid if you made it up with dollar bills. Suppose, on the other hand, you of fered the groceryman a stated suns, say II cents, and asked him to give you a pound of food, without desig nating how many calories you ex pected to get for your money (calo ries measure food values Just as pen nies measure money values). If he gave you canned string beans, you would get 90 calories for your IS cents. If he gave you canned kidney beans, however, you would get 640 calories. If he gave you canned peas, you would get 250 calories; ' if he gave you farina, you would get 1C40 calories; if beef heart. . over 100a calories; beef shank, lean, less than 600 calories. In a pound of tomatoes, costing (in May) JO cents, you would get only 100 calories. In a' quart of milk, costing 10 cents, you would get over COO calories. a a When there is only a small amount of money available for the day's ra tion. It is necessary for the spender to have a knowledge of tbe body needs la food values and the amounts Which the different pounds and quarts contain. It has bees demonstrated that ' s person an live hygienleally, even at present high prices, on. as small aa amount as 21 cents a day If only he snows vuai xooas to , select. Tomorrow! Package cereal Rarf Tag and Bobtail Stories From Ererywher. ' (Te this eolnmn all readers at The Jaoraai are invitad ta cwatnbaie original matter ia ' atory. ia veraa er la philosophical obaerraUoa- ur atrlkta qaoLaUvaa from aay aoeree. Cos trlbatlutw ot eavrntUMial merit wUl be paid ' V at tfce trUilur a appraisal. 1 , v : Busied by the Title "Doctor ' "IT DOESN'T do for the best known '. A people to think that everyone knows them.-, remarked J. B. ' Kerr, J who presided at the dinner given in ' honor of KUa Flagg Young last Satur- -'. day evening. "I learned that my friend. Dr. ' Charles R. Van Hise, president of the University of Wisconsin,- was in town Kerr. "So I called up the hotel where ha WBm Rtnnnlnir anri viw ilt.tl.Ail. 9 r r - - . k... w.., I . . . . - ma ipiM 10 ur. i-naries xv. Van Hise, please.' " " Is he a guest at this hotel? tbe' girl asked doubtfully. 1 assured her that he was. Presently her voice came over the wire, 'I am paging him.' Anotner long wait, and then: " 'Is Dr. Van Hise a chiropractor ?" A German Soldier's Beet Bet There was a striking instance of do mesticating war prisoners during the revolution, says "Glrard'' ln the Phila delphia Ledger. After Burgoyne sur rendered his army at Saratoga .many hundreds of his Hessians were ' lana, rney enjoyed almost as muck freedom as anybody, worked on farms, married and settled down to become American citizens. I know an officer ' ln the Pennsylvania National Guard who is a direct descendane of one of these Hessian soldiers and he will soon be la France fighting against bis kins men. Not mora than on out at ivarv four Hessians who came to America ever went back home. The greatest good fortune that can now befall a soldier of the kaiser is to become our prisoner of war and be brought to the united tttates, where be may exchange military servitude for the fullest dem ocratic freedom. Oarsel's as Itherg See Us The Pendleton reserves Invaded Mil ton on Strawberry day. They captured it and evacuated it without fa single one of their number being shot or half shot. In their natty khaki, says the Pendleton East Oregonlan's Weaklv Bulldogger, they paraded themselves before the festal r.oDUlace and exalted all degrees and shades oT emotion from worstuprui admiration to mild derision. Some there were who thought they were regulars and when the third na tive had respectfully bowed to Captain Drake and Inquired what post they came from, the chests of some of the home guard privates began to swell perceptibly. Harry Leedy who, though drllUng in the ranks, admits that tempera mentally, he is fit for a general's Job, was one who felt vary proud after several such mistakes were made. About noon he plumed his feathers and went out for a strut where lady eyes were thickest. His bosom was arched like a pouter pigeon's, his shoulders were squared and his arms hung in the attitudo of an English butler at attention, while his feet al most spurned the errth so buoyant was his step. Just as he was pass ing a group of Milton's fairest belles and was feeling particularly con scious of his military figure, a gurg ling voice, attuned to rapture. ex- claimed. "Oh. look, glr-r-rls, AIN'T it cute.'- Verily, verily, pride goeth be- rore a rau. o small did Private Leedy feel for the rest of the day that his uniform sagged loosely on his humby body. - Yet a greater indignity did rrivatw Spence Bentley suffer. S pence, you know. Is nearlng the zenith of his life, to which fact his bald dome gives eloquent testimony. Nathlesa, he looked very neat ln his uniform and stepped along right Jauntily. As he passed two small boys, this is the dia logue that smote upon his ear: "Looky, looky," said one urchin. "Pipe the guy in unKorrn. Wonder if he's a regular?'' "Naw," said the other, "he's Jess a Boy Scout.'- Whereupon Private Spence swore softly. These were not the only incidents that marked the invasion of Milton by the Pendleton reserves. We might' tell of the awful catastorphe that be fel Bugler Bob Fletcher. We might, we say, but we're not going to for Bob's desk is only IS feet from 'ours and he has a deadly aim. The Perfection of Techniqae Gertrude, aged 3, sat in her high chair at the dinner table, says the Pathfinder, turning about ln hef fin gers a small ear of corn from which she had been nibbling, a row at time. Suddenly she burst into team. "What is the matter, dear?" asked her mother. "I've lost ray place,' sobbed the little Watch ITermlston Grow Fat 8am Oldaker as a funny atory teller can't be beat, although there are sev oral hereabouts, says the Hermiston Herald, that run him a close second. Jn expounding the foibles of a clrcds clown or expressing other witticisms Mr. Oldaker has a drollness of speech which is conducive to create laughter. Even the face of the most staid list ener broadens into a smile whenever Sam begins a narrative. ; Give Us Men - Give us Men! i Men from every rank. I Fresh and free and frank; i Men of thought and reading, j Men of Hfrht and leading, ! Meh of loyal breeding. The nation's welfare speeding:! OiVe us Men! I say again. Give us Men! ! Give us Men! Men whom highest hope inspires. Men whom purest honor fires Men who trample Self beneath them. Men who make their country wreath them. Men who never shame their mothers. Men who never fail their brothers. True, however false ere others: Give us Men! I say a tain. ; Give us Men! Give us Men! , Men who. when the tempesi gathers. Grasp the standard of their ethers . In the thickest fight; Men Who Strik for hnmi anA 1a . f(t the crowd eringe and falter). True as truth, though lorn and lonely. Tender, as the brave are only; I '' Men who tread where saints have trod. Men for Country, Home and God; Glva us Men! I nay again-Keint Give us sueh Men! The Bishop of Exeter. . Uncle Jeff Snow ' Bars The school marms at Portland In eon ventlon assembled has a whole lot to say about sarin' food, but X don't hear tell of 'em passln' any resolutions agin the feller that holds big tracts ot land, eut of use. Ever since X was kn high to a lame duck I knowed that ell kinds of food growed on land. i 'Pears to me these educated chootmarras oughter know that the holdin' of Und Lot J tb holdin 22 ?f Ji"" Tb? .,ood -Wculator !?J speculator Js closter-n