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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (April 4, 1916)
TWf J 'THE JOURNAL !' AN' INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER. JACKSON . ... ..........Publish Published every : day, afternoon and morning r, (except Snndar afternoon-), at The Journal : liulldlnjr. Broadway and XamblU sts.. Port. I, y , i 4 Metered at til peetotflee at Portland. Or., tor trusinlmtoe through the malle as eeood XELKPHONBsMsin 7173; Home, A -6061. All departments reached hj these numbers. Tell th operator what department yoo want. rORKISH AUVEKTlHlNa EEPRESENTATI VE Benjamin A Keatnor Co., Brunswick Bids., . 22R Fifth. At.. New lork; 12 iS People' se Bldg., Chicago. Subscription terms by mail or to any ad dress fa Che Doited States or Mexico: :HAUX, (UbSMNO OR AFTERNOON) Oo-tyear... $6.00 On month $ .60 . PUN DAT. One year....... .$2-50 One month $ .25 BAIL (MOKNlNO OR AFTERNOON) AND ' MONDAY One year. ....... $7 .SO One month. .... .63 $ America ask nothing for herself but what 2 -be baa a right to ask for humanity Itself. ' . WOODROW WILSON. 6 'fcfffllon for defense, hut not a cent for ! tribute CHAHLK3 C. PINCKNET. I hop peace will come and come to tay; and so come a to be worth the - .keeping . la all future time. Ahrabam v Lincoln. NOMINATE ROOSEVELT I HE supreme desire of the nation now Is an administration muui will uphold American rights in - whprp forca alone has teen, proved capable of maintaln- ina them an aarainisidui.u "Will organize all the forces of the nation for their maintenan.-e. yve nau such an administration when Colnei Roosevelt was president and Mr. Root -was secretary ot state. Oregon ian. ? .- Then why not make Mr. Roose velt the Republican Btandax4 ' bearer? He is the originator of the propaganda for use of "force" in our foreign policy. It was he vho first declared for "deeds," not H "words" In dealing with Germany. 'Jt is in imitation of his outbursts ' that Root and Penrose and Lodge are calling upon the Republican leaders to make their party a party of "force." .The nomination of Mr. Roosevelt "would give the country a clear cut issue. There are many reasons why he should be the candidate. i He wants war with Mexico and fwlth Germany as the most direct inethod of settling all differences fvith those countries. He wants to out the United States on a mil itaristic basis as to the army and lavy with a Caesar or an elected talser at Its head. tt'lt:may be that the people of the Tnited States want a Caesar In the' -presidency, to conduct Ameri- ;an affairs as the kaiser has con tacted .German affairs. - It may be that they want to be axed sufficiently to keep the coun ty; on a war footing with all the ther institutions subordinated to .he militaristic institution. -It is possible, as the New York World says, that the Amercan pep sle are tired of their old free 1 iwinglng gait and long for the goose step, the recruiting office ;. and the drill sergeant. It is possible that they want to substitute the peace and prosperity f this country for a calamitous conflict like that in which Europe is bleeding to death. It is possible that they want to (exchange the serenity and content ; ment of America for the trenches fend groans and agony of Europe. A way to decisively determine ivhether. or not they want these . fshanges is to submit them to a . Referendum of the nation by the nomination of Mr. Roosevelt on ". frtA nna ctria OTl1 trtA nnminotinn Of Mr. Wilson on the other. By - Ihose- nominations the issues would bo so clearly drawn that they could not-be obscured. " The two men represent two schools , of foreign policy and two widely t different principles of gov ernment: One is the living em bodlment of the doctrine of force and war, and the other a most con spicuous exponent of self restraint, honor, -prosperity, peace and good 'will - among the nations. , f-If-iMr.' Wilson is wrong in his ' 8ta.tesmansb.Ip and as impotent in hla course in the presidency as the -XlootsrgPearoses and Roosevelts ' sayJie fa; it Is their duty ,td nomi nate Mr. Roosevelt and present the ; clear-cut issue to the people. '.' Brute force never settled any ' thin gf -permanently. There are y irrllghtler weapons than those fash ioned, from lead and steel.' Thera is anobler" ideal than the agony of - bleeding Europe. Yet a group of uf -; political ' brigadiers snarl and . growl because President Wilson , has not resorted to "force" in deal ing ..with Europe. LEARNING .THE GAME QMETIMES when .reading the literary outpourings of the Ud-yed 'militarists a person ' Involuntarily asks himself whether" they ere ,as erazy as they seem or.it they are- only "'making believe. - One of them,' disporting himself fin the April Century, has this '.to 'say '.among a number of edifyinsr things;-' "We know that within three - weeks of obtaining - command of .the sea .England. Germany.- France,' Austria or Japan can land from two hundred "thou sand' to - four hundred thousand , men -'upon the seaboard of -the 5 United States' and follow tip that achievement with others equally wonderful. - This is exquisite fooling. Eng land has command of the sea- and has had it for many years, but we still wait In awed expectation to see her fleet sailing hither with two hundred thousand men.) Why must our jingoes taiK nice laiotsi Why can they not pay some little attention to reason and facts? The same writer "says that "England is paying: f 2 4,000,000 a day and hundreds of thousands of "lives" because she failed years ago to de mand universal military- service of her citizens. He ! overlooks the somewhat weighty consideration that Ger many has had universal military training for the last fifty years but she is spending about as much money daily as England and proba bly losing more lives. The nations that have universal militarism are in the same boat with those that have it not. The men who have been disciplined for fighting all their lives fight just about as well as those who have been disciplined only a few months, but apparently they do not fight any better. War seems to be a game very readily learned and the new players, aj far as one can see, play quite as well as the old hardened gamblers. It has been estimated that no less than 100,000 little Polish boys and girls and babies have perished along the swaying battle fronts of the present war. Miss Alma Tade ma says, "they have died upon the road homeless; you could find your way from Warsaw to Moscow by the crosses on their graves." And still the Colonels, the Roots and the Penroses clamor for use of "force" by the United States. THAT STRAW VOTE REALLY, these straw votes do give one painful surprises. And then they are so vulgar. The revelations of the vote itself are woeful enough in all con science, but the task of explaining is so much worse. Why under the shining sun were there so many more votes for Wilson than for either the Colonel or the haloed Hughes? The Oregonian says It must have been those silly women. It was the "feminine vote" that piled up so hugely for Wilson. No man, with the divine sapience of his sex, would ever have done anything so monstrous. And why did the women do it, poor things? Well, for one thing, because Wilson "has kept America out; of war," opines the Oregonian. A peculiarly "feminine" reason this to account for an uncannily "femi nine vote." Can you imagine a real, red-blooded man voting for Wilsons because he has kept us Out of .war? All true men are aching to plunge into war. But the women, the mollycoddles, it is just like them to stand by the president for this crazy reason. The Oregonian finds another rea son for Wilson's heavy "feminine vote." It is still more convincing than the other. The women pre fer Wilson because he is the only candidate they ever heard of. The only one, says the" Oregonian, "with whose name they are familiar. ' Absorbed in the spring fashions, tho dear, delightful creatures haye not heard a word -about the Colo nel. Nor about Hughes with all his sanctity. Good land, good land, what a pity it is that women have any votes, seeing that the "femi nine vote" Is cast so wrong headedly. If Attorney General Brown had signed the brief he was asked to sign in the Utah case, he would j have asserted a legal principle ex actly apposite to that which he re lies on for success in the Hyde Benson land fraud cases. In his refusal to sign, he chose to stand for the interests of the people of Oregon rather than for the power barons of Utah. THE STRAW VOTE FROM the agility and persist ency of its explanations, it is evident that the Oregonian cot something that it did not expect in the straw vote It so well press agented in advance. It concludes: 1 That it was women Repub licans who voted so multitudin ously for President Wilson; 2 That the women did not really quite understand what they were doing; and 3 That Mr. Hughes is the lead ing candidate among Republican voters., Butl indeed, are the women go really unintelligent in favoring Wilson? With Root. Roosevelt, Lodge;- Butler and nearly all the big leaders repudiating Lincoln's Mexican policy and demanding that the Republican party be a party of force and a party of war, It will b9 found that, like the women, a great multitude of Republican men are for Wilson and peace. 5 As for Mr. Hughes loading in tho straw vote, did he? How about Wilson? The Oregonian says that of those who registered during the three days, about one-half voted. On that basis,, j 320 Democrats voted for Wilson, which means that of Re publican votes, he received 493 against 468 for Hughes. 329 for Roosevelt and 67 scattering. Thei fact that Wilson received more votes than Hughes and Roose velt combined and nearly 200 more votes than ' there were Democrats in the three days' registration shows a widespread approval of tho pres- Ident and his' policies, ' regardless of party. . V Incidentally, Wilson, in 1912, re ceived only about 34 per cent of the total vote in Multnomah coun ty and in the state. I In the Ore gonian' straw vote in Multnomah county, he received 48 per cent. It now leaks out that one main source of opposition to Brandeis is the . water power grabbers. The Beaver River Power company of UtaE doesn't want him on the bench to pass on its case of grab bing water power sites from the United States government. The power combine is going to limitless lengths in an effort to govern the United States. WHISPERING TO THE COURT THE brief Governor Withycombe wanted . Attorney General Brown to file in the Utah case was not to be Attorney General Brown's brief, but a brief prepared by the lawyers of the Beaver River Power company, a Utah corporation which has grabbed and la trying to hold gov ernment land in .Utah. It would have been an amazing situation If Attorney General Brown, had consented. It would have been bad enough for corporation law yers of the Beaver River Power company in Utah to have thus fixed the policy of the state administra tion and the attorney general's of fice in Oregon. But that is not tho worst. At torney General Brown has now seven cases in the United States supreme court for the recovery of public lands in Oregon which are alleged tq have been fraudulently obtained. Among these are the fa mous Hyde-Benson lands, to which title wa3 secured by notorious frauds. The brief prepared by the lawyers of the Utah corporation pleads a le1 gal principle exactly opposite to that on which Attorney General Brown relies for winning the Hyde-Benson cases. Had he signed the Utah brief, he would therein have taken a position exactly opposite to that which he has taken in his fight to recover the Hyde-Benson lands for Oregon. Had he surrendered to the Utah power barons as Governor Withy combe did and as the Oregonian assailed him for not doing, Attor ney General Brown would have ap peared before the federal supreme court advocating one thing in tho Utah case and the exactly opposite thing in the Hyde-Benson land fraud cases. That is to say, if he had done as he was asked to do, he would have put the Beaver River Power company of Utah be fore the Interests of the people of Oregon in the Hyde-Benson cases. To the courage, intelligence and fidelity of their attorney, general, the people of Oregon are indebted for the fact that their interests have not been sacrificed In the valuable swamp lands in litigation in Harney county and the Hyde Benson suits for the recovery of school lands to which title was fraudulently secured.. The lawyers who prepared the brief that Attorney General Brown was asked to sign are Frank H. Short, of Fresno, attorney for the San Joaquin Light & Power com pany, one of the big power in terests of California; Clyde C. Dawson, attorney for power In interests in Denver, Colorado, and S. A. Bailey, attorney for the Beaver River Power company of Salt Lake City. Lawyer Dawson made tho keynote speech in the notorious water power "confer ence" held in Portland last Sei) tember. It was desired that Attorney General Brown sign' the corpora tion brief so that it would appear to the federal upreme court that the state and people of Oregon want the tribunal to decide the Utah case against the United States government and In favor of the Beaver River Power company. The real brief in the case was presented by the Beaver River corporation direct. It expressed the corpora tion's view of the law In the case. The brief which Mr. Brown was asked to sign offered no new issues of law. It was intended to be a side brief, an outside Influence. It was to be the state of Oregon whispering Into the ear of the court, and whispering in behalf of the power barons. It is explained to us that the straw vote went wrong because the women voters had never heard of any other candidate but Wilson. The poor unsophisticated dears! ONE THING THOU LACKEST THERE are two kinds of ac tivity for which educatiou mu3t provide in the Unitel States. One is "business." the other is citizenship. The chair man of the steel trust, writing in The Independent on the subject of education, tninks of nothing but business. He gives his Readers to understand that If a young American gets in school and col lege "a highly specialized knowl edge which Is immediately salable," his education has been all it should be. 1 . A walking vat of "highly special ized knowledge" may be . a good citizen or he may- not. If he has obtained from his schooling- some capacity to think on : clvicv ques tions he : may be .able to. vole In telligently,, to reason : soundly and criticize public men fairly. If he has obtained nothing t bnt his specialty not a great"deal is lo be hoped from him as a helper in our social difficulties. The point is that every American citizen should get in his " school years not- only the "highly spe cialized knowledge" which looks so precious to the steel trust chair man, but with it a good deal of generalized intelligence that will fit him to play his part in the great democratip drama of Ameri can life. Admiral Dewey says the Ameri can navy is more efficient than ever before, and the American peo ple have a lot of confidence in what Dewey says about the navy. MAKING THE PEOPLE PAY DOES congress realize that the war tax which it places on telegraph, telephone and ex press companies is being passed by those corporations on to the people? Can that body not find a way to compel the companies to bear their just share of the war tax the same as other folks have to do? The sender is forced to pay for the war stamp on every package that he sends by express. He is forced to pay for the war stamp on every wire sent by telegraph. That is not what congress In tended should be done. That body must have had in mind that rich corporations like the telegraph and express companies should contrib ute their share toward the treas ury deficit caused by the war. There is not a reason in the world why the sender of an express pack age, whether he be poor or rich, should pay for the required stamp and the corporation itself pay nothing. It is often charged that great corporations have privileges under the law that plain folks do not have, and that the corporations ex ercise powers in the scheme of things which make them overlords in the body politic. Regardless of whether or not the charge be true the privileges that the companies are enjoying in passing the war "tax on to the people contribute enor mously to ' this widespread con viction. Congress ought to take an in ventory of Jhis phase of the war tax and apply a remedy. NOTHING THE MATTER WITH PORTLAND Of interest to all la anything affecting the egg supply and its conyeyance to the consumer. Perfection In egg: carriers has been Insistently demanded, especially since the parcel post has been established. In No. 0T of the "Nothing the Matter With Port lrnd" series there is glren the answer of a Portland Inrentor who belierea ha has de rived the . ideal carrier. CT. EAID, of C. T. Eaid & Co., 129 East Water 6treet, calls his Invention "The Crown Egg Car rier," and does not. hesitate to claim it "the best thing yet devised for the safe carriage of eggs by either par cel post, express, freight or any ether conveyance." And when be tossed one of his packages containing half a dozen eggs so high that It fell at least 30 feet away on the hard floor of the Christian & King Iron Works, next door to his own shop, he pretty nearly demonstrated the fact that his is an egg preserver, all right, and especially In places where they would be subject to callous treatment. Not an egg was lnjuredj though the pack age was thrown back to him as care lessly as if It contained china, nest eggs. EXPECTS IT TO MAKE HIM RICH. Mr. Eaid has great faith in his de vice. He believes It will make him rich, and so it may. The carriers are made of "any old thing" in the paper line. With the ink . boiled out, old " newspapers may be ground into pulp, pressed Into shape and dried into Crown egg car riers. Old wrapping paper . will do. Once h gets his factory running full blast we can sell him our castaway paper grocery sacks to be converted into a useful article of merchandise. The mold in which these egg cases are made is something like those used for baking gems for breakfast. Eggs take the place of the gems, with a second inverted mold turned over them to protect them from coming in contact with a substance dangerous to their safety. They are made n sizes from six eggs to one dozen, and are sold for so little that ' onj might imagine they will come into general use by all persons having oc casion to ship "hen fruit' anywhere within two or three hundred miles or around the world, lf need be. PRICES AND WEIGHTS. The prices at which the cases are sold are: A one dozen case, 3 cents; 2 dozen, 4 cents; 4 dozen, 6 cents; 8 dozen, 10 cents; 12 dozen, 14 cents; 24 dozen, 16 cents, and 30 iMozen, IS centst Empty they will weigh: 1 dozen, 12 ounces; 2 dozen, 1 pound; 4 dozen, 1&4 pounds; 8 dozen, 2 pounds; 12 dozen. 4 pounds; 24 dozen, 44 pounds, and 30 dozen, , 7 pounds. The average weight of eggs is a pound and a half a dozen, therefore the cost of shipping eggs by parcel post packed in these packages, as far distant, for example, as miles, would be: One dozen, 7 cents; 2 doz en. 8 cents; 4 dozen, 12 cents; 8 dozen, 19 cents; 12 dozen, 26 cents 2 4 dozen, 45 cents, and 28 dozen (weight limit), 5 cents. A low local rate Is provided . In the parcel post regulations on parcels mailed on any rural. route to be de livered by the postoffice at the term inus of such route,, or mailed at a postoffice to be delivered by a rural route carrier. These rates would make egg' shipments in Crown Egg Cases cost: 1 One dozen, cents; 2 dozen, 7 cents; 4 dozen, 9 cents; 8 dozen, 1'2 cents; 12 dozen," IS cents;. 2 1 dozen, 25 cents; 28 dozen, 29 cents. .: ... Shipped "by express 150 miles,: any number of cased . eggs tUp. to four dozen would cost SI cents; S dozen, 42 cents; 12 dozen, 60 cents, and 24 to 28 dozen, 82 cent. .., These last figures show that cost of transportation by express would be considerably more than by parcel post. Express companies, for-example, on a shipment of 150 miles make no charge less than 31 cents on five pounds, 36 cents on 10 pounds, 42 cents oa 16 pounds, 48 cents on 20 t-pounds and 82 cents on 50 pounds. Parcel post rate on five pounds 150 miles Is 9 cents, 10 pounds 14 cents, 15 pounds 19 cents, 20 pounds 24 cents, and 50 pounds 54 cents. , SAFETY IN SHIPMENTS. Mr. Eaid can stand on one of his packages when filled with eggs and not damage them. They can be tossed around like footballs with perfect safe ty. And the empty package can be re turned to the shipper. If desired, sub jected to sanitary treatment and used over and over as often as desired. Postal officials are satisfied it will meet every requirement, and with a new press the Christian & King; Iron Works offers to build for the inven tor, the cases can be turned out as fast as those paper pie plates and at prices greatly reduced from those named herein. It also will then be possible to make the cases of lig-hter paper, thus effecting- an Important saving In postal charges. They may be shipped by freight, also, if desired, as the containers wi!l be perfect protection against rough usage. SATS HE'LL EAT HAT. "It was my brother-in-law who put the idea of this invention into my head," Mr. Eaid says. "His name is H. E. "Wills, and he was with Swift & Co., Chicago, for six years, with Pearson-Page company, Portland, a couple of years, and is now with a big butter and egg house in Seattle. He never came across what he deemed the perfect egg case, and said the fact tormented him greatly. He ad vised me to 'get my wits -working and invent something in this line which would be an egg protector that actually would protect. This was my third effort, and, believe me, I am satisfied I have the right thing. I have the 'inventor's disease,' how ever, which, as you know, is lack of the necessary capital to properly fi nance my invention. The man who invented paper plates is rich from his profits. The man who invented the linotype for printing offices died crazy. If I can Just sail between these two I will be contented. But I'll never sell 51 per cent of this proposition. I'll eat hay first!" Letters From the People Commanlcattona sent to The Journal for publication In this department should be writ ten on only one side of tbe paper, should not exceed 300 words In length and must be ac companied by the name and address of the sender. If tbe writer does not desire to hare the name published, he should so state. "Discussion la the greatest of all reformers. It rationalizes erery thing It touches, it robs principles of aU false sanctity and throws them back on their reasonableness. If they ha-re no reasonableness, it ruthlessly crashes them ont ot existence and sets up Its own conclusions in their stead." Woodrow Wilson. An Ex-President Defended. Downey, Idaho, March 26. To the Editor of The Journal Surely, serv ing a republic is a thankless task In the main. If the late letters In The Journal are representative. It would be well if these gentlemen would re call some of the virtues of our ex president. Who was the officer of our army in Cuba that protested against the rot ten meat the packing barons were sell ing to the United States army .under the supervision of Alger, the Ballinger of the McKinley administration? Who made the Swifts, the Armours and their ilk clean .up the filthy stock yards of Chicago? Who made our pure food and drug laws something besides statutes on our law books? Who first gave any consideration to the conservation of forests and water sites of the west? Who stood up and fought a congress so corrupt that even the apathetic American voters rose up and sent many of them to their political graves? Who is the only president that has ever understood and given practical assistance to the irrigation interests of this section. A group of politicians favoring state control of water, etc., pronounced Roosevelt a "Nero." One of those men was trying to hold a water right and force an exorbitant price from home steaders who were dependent upon it for irrigation. Another put in a res? ervoir and sold water rights at 3125 per acre from which sufficient water was never delivered. A third was convicted of fraudulent dealing by the local court, which decision was re versed by a higher Oregon court. It would be well for our citizens to learn the private history and ambi tions of some of the Colonel's active opponents. A JOURNAL READER. The Homesteader's Hardships. Grandview, Or., April 1. To the Ed itor of The Journal I note in your paper & letter from a homesteader here in central Oregon. His hardships and forecasted failure are every day oc currences among the homesteaders of our great state. The homesteaders in this locality had to cross two rivers on suspended footbridges and pack their provisions 12 miles on their backs and scale tbe sides of two deep canyons, and now that we have deeds to our land we find that' we can't sell It for anything and can't even mortgage it for enough to leave the country on; and we can't live here longer, for ths reason that our money is all gone. And we don't care to live here longer if we could, as we have to haul water from three to 15 miles and in the fall it Is hard to find any to haul. Also, we have had two almost complete crop failures owing to the drouth. We hove an excellent water supply for our country and" the people here have put up their last dollar in making surveys and -in forming an irrigation district in their attempt to secure this water, which is estimated at a very reasonable cost per acre. We have never received one dollar of aid from either the government or our state haven't so much as received their en couragement. We could have got our project built for the bonds which have been, voted, but would have realized only 80 cents on the dollar, but could still have built the project 10 per cent under the estimate. But are we to throw away one dollar out of every five of the people's money Just ; be cause some 10 cent politicians think the1 guarantee of irrigation., district bonds by the state is unnecessary and uncalled for,: and because the ; United States government Is too busy en na tional defense to have' time to look after some of her starving population?; PERTINENT COMMENT BMAIili CHANGE Wonder ' whether the bankers, also, would like to be Burbankers? Old Sol is setting'a fairly good ex ample of a man sticking to his Job. The voter is punished not for but by his sins. That is why he should be careful about candidates, . , The straw vote taken at the regis tration office showed that most women want Wilson in the White House. General Pershing has ordered a ton of tobacco. Rest assured. Villa will be smoked out, even If it takes two tons. Have Portland golfers enough imag ination to compete with the Tacoma story of a man who drove a two-pound IoiacK oass instead or his nail from a water hazard? President Wilson Is reminded that all the falsehood factories are not lo 1 cated along the Mexican border. West ern taoeis are Deing put on a lot of eastern manufactures. Congressman McArthur denounces withdrawal from the Philippines as shameful." When the Honorable Pat gets ashamed of anything,, shouldn't the matter be Inquired into? Forty members of Princeton's senior class who insist that kissing a pretty girl is morally wrong must despair of the average man remaining strictly moral when opportunity beckons. That' Chicago society woman who Intends to prove by two weeks' experi ence that a working girl can get three square meals a day for 83 cents will have the rest of the summer for re cuperation, while the working irl won't. MEXICO'S AREAS From a Bulletin of the National Geographic Society. Before Texas became a part of the United States and the Mexican war added nearly 1,000,000 square miles to our territory, Mexico, then a Spanish colony, and the United States covered approximately equal areas of North America, Now the extent of Mexico i is less than one-fourth of that of con tinental United States. Mexico, however, still has territorial expanse nearly equal to the aggregate of France, Great Britain and Ireland, Germany and Austria-Hungary, but its total area (767,000 square miles) is less than that of our five largest states Texas, California, Montana, New Mex ico and Arizona combined, all of these except Montana having been a part of New Spain 75 years ago. None of the 31 political subdivisions of-Mexlco are as large as any one of the five states named, but four Mexican states con tiguous to the United States aggregate an 'extent greater than that of Texas. Chihuahua, the largest Mexican state, approximates in area (87,000 square miles) that of Utah, Sonora (77,000 square miles) of Nebraska, Coahuila (63,000 square miles) of Georgia, and Durango (40,000 sauare miles) of Ken tucky. Nine subdivisions of the Unit ed States (including Alaska) are larg er than Chihuahua, 15 of greater mag nitude than Sonora and 32 larger than Durango. The rugged and desert char acter of the Mexican border states; sup ports sparse populations, except where I mining exploitations and cities result l ing therefrom have concentrated set tlement. The mountainous ridge with limited littorals, which as a narrow peninsula extends southward about 750 miles from the United States boundary and separates the Gulf of California from the Pacific ocean, is not a state, "but is recognized as tbe territory of Baja, California, which in area (58,000 square miles) closely approximates that of Florida. The Gulf of Califor nia and the shifting Colorado river practically isolate Baja, California, from the balance of the republic and prevent overland communication with it. Tepic, on tbe Pacific coast (11,000 square miles), smaller than Maryland, and Quintana Roo, adjoining Tucatan, are other territories. The United States is adjacent to Mexico for 1800 miles and for a dis tance equal to that of St. Louis from New Tork, the Rio Grande river forms the boundary. Except when in flood this river is apparently an unimportant stream and readily crossed, for the normal flow is well utilised for "Irri gation in both countries; but it has carved in a part of its course canyons difficult of exploration. Tbe changes wrought by freshets which shift tbe channel have demanded the attention of an international commission whose function was to adjust a boundary There are several hundred of us here in the same condition in this irriga tion district and this is only one of the many Irrigation districts in central and eastern Oregon. Are we to be allowed to come here and spend from three to five years of our lives in trying to make homes on the lands we thought Uncle Sam was "giving us" but havs cost us from $1000 to 13000 a quarter, or all we possessed, and then have to give up at last because the state and government think that help for irrigation districts is not needed and is uncalled for? We came here, or the most of us did, and settled on this land because there was a good water sup ply for it which was easily to be got, and we have lived here the last five years and put forth every effort that we possibly could to secure this water, have endured all kinds of privations, have seen our children go ragged and barefoot and almost hungry, have hauled water 16 miles- when it was 20 below zero and the rope froze fast to our fingers when we were drawing It. Is it to be supposed that -we will en dure this forever, or will we go to a more congenial country where the gov ernment believes that it is necessary to help the settlers? I want to say that we have the very best of soil and that it can be cleared for about one-tenth of tbe amount that it will cost to clear the average stump land of the coast and valley. As I -have cleared both, I am' in position to know, and when cleared this soil under irrigation will raise at least double the amount the average stump land will. A CENTRAL OREGON REPUBLICAN. The Widow's Dower. Portland, April 1. To the Editor of The Journal What right has a wife to land in Oregon that a man has traded for, when part of the property he traded for it belonged to the wife? The present property is all in one body, under three deeds, and all In his j name only. There being no children can ne sen or mortgage it -wunuui ner signature? Can he will it to someone else and leave her. only a part or noth ing? W. R. The wife has a dower right in aU real estate which her husbands owns during his lifetime. This right. is the right to the use of one-half of the property during her lifetime If she survives the husband. "This right cannot be willed or mortgaged away. The Plumber Defended. Portland, March 31. To the Edi tor of The Journal I would like to ask Fred Stadter, - municipal . prose cuting attorney, what, right he has to - ,-"bring - in - personal :;. grievances against a certain plumber in the mu nicipal "court, in a case of speeding? Hasn't a man a right to be a plumber, or ha the plunrj business become r - t -, AND NEWS IN BRIEF OREGON SIDELIGHTS "A boat and a barge nd a river to run them on What more could a sea port want?" asks the As tor lan. The Canyon City Eagle avers that the limit has been removed from pros perity in Grant county and the best and biggest year In its history Is now at the threshold. - A city beautiful contest is on at Klamath Falls, with residence prem ises in competition. Prizes will be awarded and pictures of the winning yards, "before and after." will be masle into stereopticon slides, and shown at the local movies. 'With the Estacada schools attract ing state wide attention, owing to their up-to-dateness and the high school ranking as one of the best in the state," queries the News, "is it not time for the formation of a union high school is Estacada?" The Amity Standard celebrated last Friday Its seventh anniversary. Edi tor Le Masters, in his comment on the occasion observes: "For many years newspapers came and went in Amity, and the Standard is older than any other one paper ever got to be. Not since its establishment has the Stand ard been so well supported as at the present time.',' Coquille valley farmers are taking kindly to scientific corn growing. The Coquille Sentinel says: "J. L. Smith says that more than 4000 pounds of seed corn have already bean sold to the ranchers in this valley for planting this spring. This will mean a big in crease In the acreage of this crop, and promises well for the success of our corn show next fall." Seed Is obtained from the Oregon Agricultural college. AND CONTRASTS along the Rio Grande to meet the vary ing conditions. The uncertainty of this is illustrated by a claim once under investigation that & portion pf the im portant city of El Paso, Texas, was Mexican soil. The remaining 700 miles of the international boundary to the west separating our neighbor republic from New Mexico, Arizona and Califor nia is through an arid desert section, much of which is mountainous. This is not a direct line, but has five changes in alignment, which have been accur ately surveyed and established by 258 permanent monuments easily distin guishable. Allowmg for impassable canyons, mountain barriers, etc.. probably 1400 miles of boundary must be under sur veillance to prevent smuggling or the passage of contraband articles. Rail ways in Texas, New Mexico and Ari zona are close to the border, and these transportation avenues unite the two nations at seven points. Mexico is a land of contrasts, of great riches and extreme poverty, a few of its people amassing millions, while myriads are starving, a place where the most modern machinery may be found in operation at the very side of the most primitive method of ac complishing the same end, where beau tiful architecture is in contrast with adobe huts and where shining automo biles of the latest design whirl past sleepy ox teams hauling carts with solid wooden disks for wheels, identical with the design which was used at the time of the Spanish conquest. "One-story and possibly single-room adobe houses plastered in colors ad Join large structures of elaborate archl tecture and the poor peon passing along to his humble abode may . catch a. glimpse through a spacious doorway of a beautiful patio adorned with flow ers and fountains. Later when he sits down to his tortillas and frijoles, his next door neighbor is probably being served with the richest viands and the rarest wines. Back in the country districts the whirr of a sewing machine may be heard coming from a cane or a mud hut while the head of the house may be seen scratching tbe ground with crude plow of essentially the same de sign as those used in Mesopotamia in the time of Nebuchadnezzar, or thresh ing 'his grain by driving . animals over -it.- h ah The climate too has its extremes, and in the highlands the nights are cold while the sunny side of the street at noon is too warm for comfort. The lowlands have days of intense torrid heat, preceding others when a strong "norther" chills to the bone. Months of drought, during which little If any rain falls, are succeeded by intervals when rain may be expected fgr a part of every day. Of such contrasts Is Mexico, once called th- treasure house of the world. so debased as to deserve a slam every and any time and place a lawyer gets tne cnanceT it seems that one Mr. Eckhart was fined for being plumb er as much as for speeding. And U is an established fact that a. defend ant in the municipal court has very little to say when Fred Stadter is around. ' In regard to the plumber's charges I don't think they could beat a law yer's charges much. The plumber's charges, like a lawyer's, undoubtedly were not so much for the time lie worked, but for knowing how, F. VAN HOOMISSEN. Hyphenated Newspapers. Portland, March 31. To the Editor of The Journal Colonel- Theodore Roosevelt recently coined a new phrase, namely, "the hyphenated Amer ican." With a view of assailing the independent voters of Oregon, one of our local newspapers has essayed to make a fine point of the colonel's adaptation by referring to the Inde pendent as a political hyphenate. Since the phrase is catchy, perhaps, a Closer analysis will, etymologlcally speaking, set. the situation aright. In the beginning the phrase was aimed at the citizens who thought and acted in a manner not in keeping with true Americanism; it sought to designate a type that placed other things before its own -.country and assumed an un neutral position in the war. If it is true that we have hyphenated politics, doubtless we also have hyphenated newspapers and hyphe nated Republicans, r A newspaper that lines up with the . water power inter ests and with the chief - executive of the state in not protesting against the plan to steal Oregon's constitutional rights in her lands, is , thoroughly hyphenated inasmuch as it has taken a stand against American Ideals of Justice toward all. A perusal of the editorial pages of Portland's daily papers will show which stands for the common people and in which editor's breast hope springs- eternal for the betterment of the man that labors' with his hands. True Americanism will not rebuke an independent voter; because the trne American is broad in his viewpoint and has a kindly consideration for po litical differences that may arise in a community. One does not need a searchlight to point out the hyphe nated newspapers of Portland. CHARLES O. WILLIS. , Reasonable' Query. :: Front the Toledo Blade. Another time when conscience both ers a man Is when he sits In a street car, while a woman dangle t f rora a strap in front of them, "Why didn't he wait for the next car? TKPnce Ger F COURSE -it may sound like a mere subterfuge I know but I've got a perfectly good alibi fr not being at the Vista House benefit dance at Cotillion hall last night. at And the reason that 1 wasn't there is that I couldn't find the but tonsfor my white vest. c If And I didn't feel that I could wear it and feel dressed up with out the buttons. which you ' see were' detachable that the vest could be laundered. aj And I didn't think that I coul 1 dance without it. i because 1 always ore Jt when I was learning to dance. . and if I tried to dance without it I'd get my feet all tangled up and maybe sprain my ankle. JThla idea I know is rather tem peramental or psychologic or some- thing. JRut I'm kind of like Percy Camp bell the band leader. and I'm quite sure Percy couldn't do a thing -at leading a band with out his uniform. any more than Dean Collins could write a poem without smoking an Owl. Temperament is temperament. -T But I started an inquiry out aC Oak Grove as to what had became of those buttons. . J And Buddy said that Jean hadi them. last. IT And Jean said she jist made m necklace for her dolly. and Jlst laid the dolly down mlnnit. and Pup grabbed the necklace. and runned- with it. and she guessed he swallowed it JAnd that ended the inquiry. J But besides the things that young dogs will steal at home and run away with and steal other places and drag; home - ' there are a number of other signs of spring that are worth men tioning. . . ' J For instance S. Norton Bobo late of Stanfleld of which Jim Kyle is the celebrated boy mayor has the wanderlust.; F J He wants to get out and see. the world. That is ;Norton does. ?Jlm Kyle wants to be elected to Ice. .' . - . JAnd Jim Reeves ".tells Norton to take. a run put to Oregon City. or. down to St. Helens. r because all there is to see in the world that really matters is other people. and they're pretty much the same wherever you find them. and If you stay In Oregon you won't need an Interpreter. because the Harvard accent isn't very, prevalent in our fair state. like it is in Seattle. JAnd Jim suggests if Norton really wants to cure himself of his desire to roam that he walk to the places mentioned and back. JBut the gentle springtime with her diamond and sapphire days like today affects different people in different ways. .- J For instance there's William MacSwain who deputies for United States Marshal' Montag. , "J William Is gloomy, and : yesterday he wrote a poem. expressing his sorrow. IT And I don't know as I ought to print it but J LISTEN William I'll print only one stanza and suppress the rest if you'll promise to cheer up: I love the blossoms of the spring; 'ffia not my way to whine, But oh! I'd love like everything To lamp a bock beer sign! "rRJEPAREIXES8." (A Tal of the Ticker.) A fort la taken, the papers say, . 1 Five thousand dead In the marderotu deal. A victory f No, Just another grim dar. Bat .... no to five hundred a-oea RethU. beta Steal. A whisper, a rumor, one knows not where . . a hru, m i'raer i rum a torn nrsrt rent , , A murmur of Peace on the death-laden air . . . But . . . . Bethlehem Steel drops thirty per cant.- r We'll fight to the death!" th diplomats err. "We'U fight to the death ! sigh tba weary A tha battle rears to tbe absddeting sky . . . And . ... Bathlehem Steel has a rise of tea. i What matter the loss of a tntllton men? What matters the waste of blossoming lands The ehlldrens' cry, or tha women's pain? If Batblehem's gteel at six hundred atandsl And so WD most Join In tha slanrhter-miU. WTC moat arm ourselvea for a senseless hste, WI must waste our youths la the marder drlU .... That Betblehers- Steel may bold Ua state.' Grace Isabel Oolbroa. TKZ SOUS OIOWV irrSE. Why Be Bad I When yon are sad, I scarce can see : A charm In tha graea tracery Ot the Tinea that clamber o'er ; My arbor door. Tbe marry birds that perch and alng . Upoa yon topmost branches fling Their melody in greater "measure At your pleasure. . Bren tha crystal brook- that flows ' A down the verdant valleya knows When yoo ara glad, and goes Its way -'?-Murmnrlng happily. : When yt are glad tha flower that bloots In wealth of color and perfume Within my gardes seera to ahow A warmer glow. Thm eloads that aometlmes darken o'er Tha mid-day akiea swift riea before, Your ami Is, as shades take flight At morning' light, ' to, if the smiling Is yonr eyea Can chase tba shadow from tba skies, And make all nature seem so e-lad. Then why he sad? Ben W MuUcey. - Done Proves. Strong Magnet. NECESSITT la the mother of in vention. Jt is an old wheeze but it is probable that Lawrence Kaiser, the young son of L. ft. Kaiser, superin tendent of Portland's water bureau never heard it. It was necessity, how ever, which caused him to execute a plan of having a dog pull him around on skates. ' . The grade on the, streets near bis home is quite heavy. Skating up-hill is some work and young Kaiser did not relish it. Neighbors own a big Aire dale dog and he Is qui to friendly, with the boy. Yesterday the boy saw the dog and then be went for a bene. A rope wss tied to the dog's collar. The bone would be thrown up the hill 50 feet or more and the dog would take after the bone. Young Kaiser had hold of the rope tied to the dog and where the dog went, the rope went and so did the boy; VWhen the dog got the bone, younjr Kaiser would take it from him and throw it 50 farther and was thus aU ' to get up the grades without mc effort. t'