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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (July 14, 1915)
.TIID OHEGOIX DAILY, "JOUHNAL, PORTLAND, VnDNEaDAY, JULY 11, 1015. -pi I C IDM Al I I I L U V- J i l NL- ivTgpK5DKNT ngwypApgy, . Jackson... v. potmraer wb.o are -nui willing' to build up 'VXa tt Sound ports at the expense , rf. Vrnaijwnf w4 Vmhll) ., Port-faA. Of. Of their home Cjty i.nt4 at tti portfnc t Portima. or, toj. .;' There 'is. no j-easott . for .v.Puget , trnfcmuM.imi tbroo u tnus ass-cood pound's 'foreign' commerce to grow department reached br tftae onnbm. Tl BflOPe Vessels COBl9.tO bring - Car- : th. t.pr.t. wm yo w.Bt. Krt and.to carry away a cargo. Port- miuuon- AovEHTWiNO KEPBCsENTATiTg ;-.afta with seven times the ulnter- '"Xtrt TrioZ?nyZt?'l , land to .apply, and seven times the : km, cbtfto. -. --'hinrariaiirt tar. draw products., from sabecrtprtun 3? oat . 1r a tb Unireti State or UetcJ i lUlIX. , . - - . j One ye.....,. $3.00 ( 0m MM1.,mI 'M -! SC5DAT - ' -Oie twir. 12. SO Owe- stoats...... 2S f , - DULY AHO SUNDAY On rr. ......$7.50 t On mootb. ''There la notbingr to 1 mjr -r nteemd than a manly rirm ng and decttlmi of character.' I like a person who knows his 'own mind and etickii to f It; ; rio i em at me what, - la ' given ;ircumtancB, is to b done, and does Haalitt. . . il EDISON TO LEAD F iROM the bow and arrow to i&mM.. ine a-cenunieier gun is iuui- . . - JA if L . 1 It cation of the change in imple ments of warfare. ; What we 'use today Is obsolete tomorrow. It is a realm of Inexorable change. ; i This has been powerfully- shown in the world war. Liege could . hold ; against flesh and blood : but not -' against the monster German shells. ' The British ' navy cleared . the seas of . German - shipping, but cannot.-control the German sub : "marine. The highly developed weaponry has Changed 'the :Wh6l process of warfare and made the methods of yesterday obsolete to-day. - ' , -t " That is to say, inventive skill is Ito be a dominant ; force ' in all -future conflicts.:. The highest de velopment in .appliances and. en-t 'ginery of destruction is 'to 'be a .controlling factor in battle. 1 With this in mind from study of the present conflict, Secretary Dan iels proposes, a bureau of inven tion and development In the navy department , in which will be as sembled the best Inventive genius from civilian and naval life as a - measure for keeping the appliances in the American navy to the hight, est ' possible point of perfection Thomas A. Edison, 1 the inventive wlzard of -the world, has consented to become the head of this bureau, and he Is ; to ' act with "Secretary Panlels In selecting other men ln various -fields of inventive- en ; ideavor? to become associates in the ' work. ; - ". . : Nothing more sane or intelligent has been proposed in recent years for the American naval establish ment. It is in harmony with that unassailable maxrnr- that; whatever navy we are to have, let It be, "so 'Jar as' it goes, the 'most-elf ectlve "and the best in , the world. ' " A CITY -VACANCY IT1 i HE duty of " naming as new. civil service commissioner de volves on Mayor Albee. .1 There is no doubt of the 'mayor's desire to select, a com missioner who will be 'as big as - jthe office. It Is a position call ing for a man of high standing1, calibre and poise. He should . be a man whose reputation would add to the confidence of the. public and those -in civil service in - the tommisslon. A sreat many onslauarhts are ! 4nade on civil service. There are - lhose who would - break ; it down it they could. . There have even beeninstances In which the service lias been disregarded as far as pos sible s by men high in city govern ment. ' y : unese are reasons ion matting the commission so eminent and so trong in . personnel that it will t-ommand general respect and Its urders - be authoritative. . It will , lae ot value if the mayor keeps the body non-partisan and"" calls jeommlssi oners from more than one walk of life. , WHY THE DECLINE? r rN 1890, the merchandise' passing both ways through Puget Sound ports totaled $3,500,000 and through the Port of Portland, $4,500,000. t In 1900, tbe customs! district of Portland collected $1.50every time Puget Sound collected $1. - i For the '.fiscal year recently ended, the total value of" products passing through Puget Sound was $110,500,000 and of Portland $17, B00.000. For the year, Portland's customs receipts were'.'' $200,000 less than the year preceding. These facts were set forth in an inter view with . Collector of Customs Burke n yesterday's Journal. The situation ; is respectfully called to the attention of the Portland Chamber of Commerce. t The Port land back country has an area of . SOO.OOO square miles. It is seven times the area of Puget Sound's back" country. which is 40,000 square miles. . In spite of this ad vantage, t Puget Sound - is swiftly absorbing -the foreign' -business; of Portland. ' Consideration "of this 'problem' Is one ' of the most Important 1 activi ties to which the Portland cham ber can'' uddres - Itself,"- It' -la charged that the railroads are part ly responsible, and it is within the ; province ,ot the -chamber to sscertain.if that: statement is true. It is known that Portland Import ers clear, shipments destined to l'ortland at Seattle, and it, is with- ii the power of the chamber to do i3uch to correet that abuse, U e practice is not discontinued, the attention of the public should be - ' called to Portland basinet men should have larger cargoes, in and out, fdr 'ships than Paget gound has.;,: : . ' " Bat Portland hasn't, and as Col- Jector Burke pointedly; asks, what is going ; to be , done about' It? -; ' FIU)H COIXEGE TO PRISON . i COLLEGE : graduate has just A ; recelred a sentence of one to r ten years in the Oregon pen ltentiary. t In college, he" was prominent and popular.-; After, graduation, he went Into a bank as a cleric There he - raised tha ffflrnrea ia checks until discovery 3 and iunlsbment came. ' . When Al Jennings, reformed Oklahoma train "rohber, threw up his. hands as bandits robbed pas- sengers on a California train Sun-j a t 4 .it.f;A dayr- he felt the thrill - he so often gave others ln his career as a bandit. Ife talked later about the bandits who robbed him and . the jns ot cimea When woman, was other passengers: ' He said: ; ; ;Httle more than a .slave, and Jt X am really sorry for- the men. I does not even provide a name for ant 'awfully glad -they were cool. the helpless babe. : I enough in thelf operations not , to , ln p ranCe - child boY-n in v wed km anyboay. I ; would like for them', 1D- if ranee a cmiaoorn in wea to come ' to one i of my . meetings, of . lock, belongs to and is.. under con course, unknown .to.; me.- I. believe :trol of. the father. A" child .born I could convince them of the . error. out or wedlock is fatherless' " It or meir ways, irvr eyeniuuiy. vnejr 'will be -"eatia-ht: 1 tiiMriMd -tmi lshed. And thy will . then reailta as I have that" it ' Is far: better to live within the law. ; A noted criminal lawyer in Hoi- land once said: "If the thieves conl4. only know how poorly their calling pays, they would all, for selfish reasons, turn ; to honest me. . j - . - xne college graduate knows it now. " AJ Jennings- kndws it. The Inmates - of the penitentiaries all . know it. - Almost .every ; man ever hune. stood on the scaffold and wamv .mm- v vu4t4iu n a4 UAAifj 41VUA the threshold of eternity, saying It doesn't pay, : - . i .' As Al Jennings says, they -are always certain -to b caught,, dls- graced and punished." -What a boon it would have been to the col lege graduate if he had heard and heeded At Jennings' words before he, raised the. first bank check! To how much better an account he would have turned hisreollege edu cation, and what a lot of agonizing tears he . would have saved mem bers of his family! ' ' V INDIVIDUAL , 11YJGIE2VE.. - ,.r jmmmmmmmmmmmLj&&4j,:-j-yifc-atf OH . give, the jengine . in your motor car periodical" Inspec tions. Give the - engine . in your body the same r treat ment. '- -. f - - ' , While .occupying a house you keep it clean and sanitary. While occupying your body ' keep it the same way..-, - . These are some - of . the recom mendations v made : by - Professor Irving Fisher of Yale university, an authority on hygiene, in dis cussing the manner In , which" human life can be extended fifteen years. ' . 4 t -According - to- Professor Fisher personal hygiene will have to be emphasized more -' than sanitation lia tne near future. In his opinion the machine made of Iron add steel - is . treated 1 better than the hunian .L machine This is ; fed ' too mdeh or too little . fuel. Valves," tubes . and other parts are over strained by making . them carry, a heavier load than was intended and but little, attention is given to the . elimination of .waste and poisons. . . ' - . -- , Authorities- on the " subject " of life extension ( estimate " that- the practice of . Ignoring the possibil ity of sickness until stricken with it -Is costing the American nation about 900.1)00 - premature deaths every jrear. ; A recent medical examination of .2000 employes of commercial houses, and shanks, in New York city,t mostly young men with an average age of 30, showed ' that only a little over three per cent were found to be . perfectly sound and of habits pleading to 1 sound ness. . , . Over half , were found in need of medical attention, although they were totally : unawareof it. Nearly 40 per cent were on the road- to Impairment because of the use of too much alcohol, or tobacco,- ye strain, overweight, diseased mouths, errors of diet and so forth. . - While there Is a reduction ' of acute or infectious diseases ' such as typhoid, there Is an increase , in the -chronic or degenerative dis eases such as arterio sclerosis and Blight's disease. ; " .. t ; , : Statistics show that in England degenerative' diseases are remain ing. sUtionary, but in the United States they are .increasing rapidly. The number of people .dying from diseases' of the blood - vessels is nearly four times as great as" ten years ago. - ... It is especially - significant f that In England the interest in Individ ual .hygiene ia .the greatest In the world. There public health in cludes private habits and touches the life of the people through the public schools.' .? The broad fact seems to. be that while, we are freer of germs" than our - ancestors, our vital organs wear out "sooner through neglect of Individual hygiene, partly from Y ignorance, partly irom mauler- ence ana partly irom. neipiessness under modern Industrial conditions. i ' j STOXEAGE LAW - WITH thft mother of 10 child- Andvher ?a"shfer der the ban of the law 'infanticide, where is. the father of the unwelcome babe? s.s r What Is ' the character of our civilization when we condemn the mother' and daughter and provide no punishment for the manTIn passing. on the case, Judge .Gatenshy fires last year was 16 lives 'The earn: .. . ; ; - v ' t. "VThy mak an example . of , these two? r-Whw ft tin father of this' dead - baby? Whe eugaeeted the uso of camphor to this young . g-iri? : is the .betrayer - of- this girl of such minor importance "that w' have for gotten him entirely? Most this girl and he entire -family ' be . sentenced to everlasting -"condemnation: and. thl boy be allowed to go absolutely free? As for -Harriet Fowle, I will con tinue her case- for . sentence nutll h time a the father of her dead id shall be brought to the bar of mac child shall be brought justice and be made to' pay; for the part he played in ' this affair.- ; , " ' There , should ; be ;h& double i standard of .morals. When .the betrayed girl begged her, betrayer Uo marry her. he laughed in her face contemptuously, -Tbe law with s oia nanaed-down idea of the superiority of the man, has made 'no nrntiKinn fnrtha nrntatinn; nf , . no provision for the protection : of lne woman - in such cases. . it:- is law still, dominated by the no- . . may sue its mother for. maint ance, but must not seek its father ; because of the scandal that would be provoked We have progressed but little beyond the French idea, it is time in Oregon to have the same kind, of law for the man that there y is for the woman, i When there- is the same punishment for 'the betrayer t.at there is for his TicUm, there .will be fewer infanti cides. - - , ' . - . ! - ' ' . ' " . ' THE OLD BELL RINGER A S is the case with all precious heirlooms, . many interesUng ; stories, some lot them" un doubtedly mythical, , have grown around the Lfberty Bell. v One of : the most- fascinating ot these is that of the. old man , who rang the bell when it first pealed forth .in celebration of the , Decla ration of Independence. - ' . r - It is conceded that the vstory of the boy dashing into the .street on Ju,ly 4, 1776, .calling to the old caretaker : in -the belfry,. -Jtrng, ring! They've ; signed it! " is fic tion. - Wilfred JTordan, custodian of the "museum in.- Independence Hall and an authority on the history of the bell.declares' there Is iidrrecord of such , an. evenV --The first au thenticated ringing after the sign- ing of the Declaration of Inde-1 pendence was on 'July 1 8, when It called the citizens of Philadelphia together "to hear the"' document read. It is possible, according to Custodian Jordan, that the ringer of the bell may have been Andrew McNair. doorkeeper at' that time. i but this has not been definitely established. 4 ! ' Another , story for which history will hot Vouch is that when the news -,of the surrender of Corn wallls reached . Philadelphia, .the old bell ringer ; died of joy. The history of the Philadelphia Pine Street church' contains the name of "William Hurry, bellman of the old statehouse." And on the ancient - stone ln the graveyard where. Hurry lies buried are the words,-; "who departed this life October 22,. 1781." It was on that day that Philadelphia .learned that Cornwallia had given up his sword. The unanswered, question Is, was William Hurry really the old bell ringer who rang in; the "Declaration of American Independence and did he really - die ot Joy five . years later when, he heard that the long war with iEngland was over at last? 5 - : - LOST LIVES I N the first ten ; daysv of" July there were; 13 fire alarms in Portland against 60 in the same period a year ago. It -is some evidence of the progress made by the Portland fire department ; in its -campaign for fire prevention." i Many people are cooperating in the campaign. Not all are. A citizen called - up Fire Marshal Stevens a few . days : ago and read him the riot act.r - "One .ofyour henchmen lias been inspectin g my house," he said, ."and , I ' warn you that there will be an' election be fore long and yon will. not get my support, , -s ' ".Happily, the fire marshal is in civil service.; ; His "henchman so called, had. notified the citizen that the, moss on the roof of his home increases the danger , xt fire. .;. .-In their flre-preventlon cam paign.' the firemen have visited all the houses they . were permitted to, enter on 3000 city blocks. It.was a work ' of great labor, : but It was performed by; the-- firemen without complaint arid for the welfare of the . city. ' On their visits, they look over the ' premises and, from their experience ... as experts are able, to point out those j things by which- fire hazard is increased.' At most homes they are welcomed, but ln some they are"; refused entrance! . Nearly $2,000,000 ' worth of property was burned up in Port land last year. It was a loss of $1.67 per capita.'or $3.33 for every family of five, and, directly or indirectly, every family had to pay its r portion. The Insurance corn- ? panies do not restore the burned weth. annihilated by fire They merely collect from policy holders proflt, and expensM added and pay sometimes part and sometimes the fo-jamouBt of Wa poijcy to the owner who: has had a Xfre loss. By the process, the community has the amount of i the loss to pay, which means . that property . destroyed in every fire Is wealth wholly lost-v Hut the ! great loss in Portlana (Insurance comnanles -cannot restore MiTe-. F1r nr.vinllnn ran do much i 'i.i-t ; ? ! f uvea m wui 4 J f iced. . Is. it not worth while? , - A peculiar .outgrowth of . the" war Is, be . plan ' of Secretary Daniels of the navy department, to en courage American Inventive genius If-the bureau of invention and de- jvelopment f. had been" : established iloufi: since 'many of ' our-."irreat in- long since 'many of ' our-."great in ventions' for- naval defense .would riot have been carried - to Europe for appreciation.' t would be well If.; all . other ; departments of ' gov ernment " should decide to ; encour age the American inventor instead of, discouraging . him.? AUon1glt vu ' According to All entet Flint, one of .Thaw's delusions . is that he can hypnotize persons iJulooking stead ily jat them. Ifthat is a test of paranoia . there Is a ; lot 'of . para noiacs in the world. , - Germany Jisgplng to levy a spe cial tax on profits made out of contracts foivar supplies. This is one way to get a share of the unearned increment. v : " Mi .... m Senator Perkins says he is proud to be one of those who voted for thai "midnight resolution.", , What a peculiar world- it ; would' be if all thought alike: - - . General ,'G.orgas, , of v Panama ca nal fame, says that if paid- better wages men V will live longer. . He might have, added t that thejf will live! higher also,. , . Nobody seems o know whether iine ibuitan pr Turkey is dead or not uu uooouy seems, to care very much. LABOR'S SHARE AMD pAPITftL'S COMPARED l . . Proa the literary Digest.. INSTEAD ! of f opr-flf thg of the profits of Industry going into' the coriers of the - capitalist, as the vice: president of the . .United States recently- affirmed, t only one-third reaches that destination, " trie remain ing twd-thtrds finding their, way into the pocket -of h laborer. - Thiilat least, ,4s , thj conclusion reached by J a cotnxnlttee of the National Civic Fed eration, after examining and analys ing statistics covering the labors of r.!"0"' 'jf. more than 25 per cent of the gainfully employed in. this country. For. 15 years, ac cording to the New York World, the' Socialists have contended that ' less than one-firth of the i product of labor wa returned In- - wages. The census V ther -said.: showed a, gross product of 2420 per Worker in manti factures, and as the .average wage per fworker was $47,-l it followed tnat labdrs share in -the product was only 18 per cent, as against 'SI per . cent for j capital. This "popular untruth,1 i says ; the - World, has at last been overtaken. - ;Tbe ' committee credited with hia achievement consists of W. J. r iope, . of Waterbury, Conn.; Prof, John B. Clark," of Coltjmbia university. and the Kev.. John A. Ryan,- of -St f1'' Seminary. St." Paul. Minn. This conclusions on the census figures for manufacturing, mines: and quarries, j the" - Interstate commerce commission's figures for steam, railroads - and express - -com panies, and jthe financial statement of the American Telephone & 'Telegraph company. . Tba "investigation does not cover the case of farmers and farm laborers. i From the committee's preliminary report, as 4 condense4 by the New York Sun, .we quote as follows: i"Ia general, after, miscellaneous ex penses . and J the cost Jof materials or supplies are 'dedueted," two-thirds" of the inef earnings go ;to wage earners and j One-third goes to capital. . Out of this third the capitalist 'must pro Vide' - for depreciation. ; - ; ; "The committee takes the stand that the . value' of; eacji worker is the difference between the: gross value of ais product and the cost of ' ma terials, not the gross value i alone. Thus it says'- the ' worker's value in 1899 was f 1035. . the J difference be tween the gross Value! of his product. 12420, and $1395. the cost, riot J2420. This difference the report calls added value,'' or the amount j of new wealth produced per wage earner. - , . ; "From this , added value, it con tinues, r the manufacturer- must - pay taxes, advertising, . rents, royalties, insurance, traveling agents, ;etc, and his ipayrolUf before hef can figure on his share. Deducting such expenses, there was in 1899 a; - fund of J889 per femployerto 'be divided. Of this, S5d. or 66.4 per centj went to labor, and 1 $299, or 33. S per bent.' tio capital. p, - ' '-'k 1 . . Even - more important, - remarks the World," is the committee's discovery that labor's proportion ' of vthe 'pro duct'. Is s increasing.- :. To quote --.again from: the- Sun's columns: ' v r -"The report finds, that the census returns of 1899 and "1S04 shew not only that wages are ; increasing, but that' they are- larger in proportion to ; the total to be- divided between capital and "labor. Hence the figures supplied - by the census - show -that capital's - profits 'are decreasing, both in the aggregate ajd ..." allowing for depreciation. - 1 : Comparing the" census reports for the last years and: allowing, for changes in methods of taking it, the committee concludes that the - aver age T annual "wage in manufacturing Industries has - Increased - from S247 to S51S in 60 Jyear. and the normal rate of s interest ;: has ; decreased one fourth.-. The wage increase, they find, was especially large from .1899 to 19,09, and-still continues." . . . "In conclusion, the report says that if in the future an increased output per worker should result from better ments -- In . the application of capital or labor, or both to Industry, ""experi ence seems to show "that the worker would securThe major part of - such increase. . " , r ' , , r ' -'-But ; according v to the New - York Call, . Socialist dally. 1 these Tigures do not tell : the whole story. - i Indeed, we are assured, they .are distinctly misleading, because" : they are based on the assumption that but one capl- lansi. exploits . a ' certain amount , ux labor,.' 'Says .the Call "Take ; the- two - Items of ''rents' and 'royalties. for example. - It is assumed that all capitalists pay both, but the - truth ' is some do and ' some do-not. But both items represent sur plus' value extracted from labor- and handed over to some other capitalist or capitalists, by the original ex ploiter" "himself, i - But the fraud lies in representing the share . this Indus trial exploi ter gets as --: - the entire 'share'- pf 'capital alone. The . rent and ' royalty collectors V are not 'capi talists.' "TVbat they get; is not' part of . the 'share of capital. - and is not reckoned as such. . -- "But nothing is mpre certain than that the capitalist who has to. pay no rent, because he owns the ; ground and the plant' and buildings, or no royalties, splits very differently .witk Brother ; Labor. Most . likely - in such case be gets the 88.4 per cent while labor 'takes the- 33.S. - And where the capitalist has " borrowed . no - money and pays no " Interest thereon, : bis 'share' la so much the larger still. -- "But any other capitalists who get anything In the way ; of rent, interest, or i royalties from the original ex ploiting ' capitalist are not considered as xigunng - in tne , -jjvio eaeraiion calculation, and - what ; they .get; is not in any way the 'share' 'of 'capi tal. - ...; - -' " 1 - "As.- a.: matter . of . fact, there are exploiting capitalists who do not get S per cent personal exploitation from their laborers. Other capitalists . take it from them, and some capitalists go bankrupt; " merely - because - other capitalists .swallow them up. - "And some split, 60, 70 and SO per cent with Brother Labor and- leave him 40. SO or 20 per - cent as " bis share. . - "Henry. Ford - doubled bis - workers' Wages and - still bad . a : profit of - 0 per cenj. left Ke'nvust bave vbeen exv ploitlng them at a far greater, rate than two-thlrda to capital .and. ene third to labor, or he 'could not pos sibly .have done mo. . - And Standard OU dividends .are - always between -45 and 69 per cent for -the same reason. TonceOvGr THE other day when the esteemed 1 City editor thinking I pined tor useful labor sent me up to the city hall I . renewed my. acquaintance with ' the cinnamon bears and the cross-eyed wildcatand a lot of old friends ln -the -museum. , .y, - v and with some others who ate on the payroll. ..--,. - -1 ff And I .cruised , around before the council met at ten in the -council chamber wbere '. spectators in ' the gallery if they want to see or hear anything1 have to sit- in ' the front row and hang their, chins over the railing. . .... - . . and I went unstairs to cm James McCool who . does all - the iTumuItying for Commissioner Daly, v v nd he was asleep his bonny bead restipg -on the mahogany desk,, and I said "Hello.- Jimmie" and he said "Ryan J'll just raise you" and smiled. ', ' i and he looked ; 'so dear I. just couldn't: bear to wake him, - H And I . went In to see Will War ren Mayor Albee' s strong right arm - but he was out in. a city auto inves tigating something. - - . s and I came out and ln the hall- was a big bronze clock and it said five after ten, . " and I set my watch. and went down-' to the council meeting -which had just -started. -, IT And a lot of people were stand ing around looking at the council as If they wanted something. w : - and the council chatted with each other and their guests most amiably. r That ia all except Commissioner Baker rand Commissioner Dieck who acted - as though they didn't respect each other's neutsality. - ' and -I got V the Mdear somehow-. that .if there should be- a peace treaty between Commissioner i Baker and Commissioner deck it would - be a mere- scrap of paper. 1--". - ' - , IT And afterwards I 'want upstairs to see Jimmie. .- . r . f and 1 he was lying--on bis other ear. ... - t . , ITAnd I went but in the ball and looked at the clock and it said five after ten. - , ' " "," v " - and I thought-Tt's early ye't and l looked at my watch and it said ten after twelve. j ' ' and a card ' said the, clock was bought, in Paris A, D..1S72 and brought to. Charleston. S. C in 1807 and is lent to the. city by George S. Edmonston and t - LISTEN Hal White told me the clock stopped the morn trig Fort Sum ter was fired- on at five after ten. Letters From the People , lr The. . Case of Russell Chamberlain. Portland. July 13, To the ' Editor of The - Journal--It is now obvious that Commissioner Baker is the same old George. , Just nots . the grand stand play he made at his first meet ing of the city commission. He moved that, the city withdraw-Us suit PERTINENT COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF ; SMALL CHANGE Seattle" Times: American steel mills sre running 24 hours a day but not fast enough to keep up with the pro cession. - j,. -l ' - ' ' V Kansas City - Times: . The prison authorities are willing, i the - convicts are 'eager and beaven: knows, the roads are ready. Baltimore Star: - The "Thaw case is getting so mixed up that we wouldn't if s or prised to see the state compelled to prove - that- . Thaw . ra.llv kil 1H rove tnat . te. - TV IlKb Los Angeles Times: The identity of the youngest soldLer in the Kuropean armies ought to be settled right now. as we shall all be quarreling about it 6t years hence, -i -v. -.----.,- , j e - . -,' Pittsburg Chronicle Telegraph; The fold brick is passe. Chicago eonfl ence men now are selling trolley ears at $3 earn, or for 13.60 with the use of the tracks. r. . ' -- - , '-;r-" .f V::Li (&-: Pittsburg Pressd : Some people Still seem to be in the dark as to Harry Thaw's sanity but! there no longer re mains " any. chance to doubt the dis honesty of New Vork lawyers, - Philadelphia North American: The New York police at last have found a way to decrease the number of un solved murders in the metropolis. They Just list them as ! 'suicides." .. ':."v Philadelphia Ledger: Certain young persons appear-to be possessed of an intention to complicate the-present slmt pie spelling of "Naval Academy." They would Jbave tt "knave! aoademyJ! - - V.;..- -!"" . v ' ... - --.j. . ? Tacoma Tribune: 'Small boys whose homes., haxre woodsheds attached.- will look askance at the suggestion that Americans begin to grow willows to meet the deficiency caused by the war. It's a good wind that blows nobody ill, Chicago Herald: Aa Aurora hospital is using musio in connection with sur gical operations. Which suggests that ft might not be a bad idea to use ether in connection with certain musical operations. . THE FARMER AND THE BANKER - From - the Chicago Post. The day Is not so long since when the farmer - looked - upon the banker with distrust. That day is gone. The miracle of the lion and -the lamb who lay down together is repeated in ""the annual conferences of the bankers and farmers, of which the " one now in session Is but the fourth. It would be difficult ' today to . say which - is lion and which is lamb. - The recognition of mutual interest has come ln recent years. : It , began about the time that boys corn clubs were being organised 1 and business men became interested in what , this new movement meant .for the bet tering of agricultural conditions and the bringing of the' farm . Into line with , modern methods of efficiency. It has been aided ' by other agencies, and the growth : of cooperation be tween town and 'field is making for the progress and prosperity of both. -- ;. ...-" yA;Vc'"'r';'''-'V!; .' 'Farming is becoming a profession," said -one of the speakers jresterday, whereby he meant 'that it was adopt ing and adapting to its . own uses all the : marvels of modern invention - and scientific discovery and abandoning the haphasard, folklore, watchlng-the-raoon methods that once character ised agriculture as a, superstition rather than ' a . profession. . . - ' f ; -The. firsts great revolutionary:, agent in agriculture was the. power machine, Its- work of .. transformation " proceeds! In lis earlier development it .was too expensive for the average farmer, and the advantages - it offered those ". able to afford It induced the men of smal ler capital to cooperate In - purchase and use. This itself was service. Any thing that tended, to, promote co operation In a field Where individual ism had ruled was of Important value. Today the power machine and the tractor engine, ' the automobile, :, the telephone, electric .light, concrete and which has been pending in the su preme court to decide whether a city executive had. the power to dismiss a civil service employe for inefficien cy. All similar cases will ultimately have to ' go through, the courts, as such ' a decision will eventually have to be made . Otherwise, no city em ploye 'Can be discharged for any rea son, except, with the consent of the civil ? service '-commission. XX is. absurd to suppose that a man T5 Vears old. as is Russell Cham berlain, can do a full -day's work as a Janitor. If the days worK of such an aged man : is taken as a standard of efficiency. . it is no wonder that the taxpayers are groaning under such enormous taxes. The fact; that Mr, Chamberlain has held his position for 15 j years anr at the same time has been drawing aS federal pension Of SgO a month, .-does not Justify George Baker - ln .. preventing tne . supreme court from deciding whether - a city executive can . set up a fair standard of efficiency in his department Al though , Mr. Chamberlain has had .his Job for 15 years at a fair salary and has been drawing, a federal pension of 130 a month and bis eon has all along been given employment in the water department, it -would still be better jt make a donation - of, : say. Sio.ooo to the enamberiain family than to "have sueh an Important prln ciple set aside by George Baker and the: oier commissioners. - .':--. -: U. VV. JVSStXS. Italy's Langnage.v - " Portland, July 13 To the Editor of The Journal In regard to an ar ticle from the ' Pall Mall Gazette ap pearing in The Journal of Monday; July 12." stating that the Italian army was a body that spoke many ..lan guages, tbe undersigned .will say that the Italian people, from the , Alps to Sicily, ..speak - one tongue only, and that ts - the 'Italaln language.- The army -speaks v only-' Italian. While there ere Italians who speak different tongues, learned abroad - or. in the high schools and colleges there is no language taught by, , the . public government schools but' - the pure Italian -language. - - - The Pall. Mai" Gazette must " have been misinformed , by some of its correspondents when It says .that 12, 000 people ln Piedmont and Venice speak German.- I . am from ; the city of Turin, in - Piedmont, . and aside from ' people who have learned - Ger man in college or abroad there Is no language spoken ' but Italian: T ... While there are a great many people in va rious ' towns in Piedmont - who . speak French," the dialect being closer to French than Italian, still the schools are pure Italian schools. Albanian and ; Greek are not spoken anywhere In Italy. - JOHN FALLETTL i -. :.-' m i' in .-. - " ,t f . '.-.;i Pretty Schoolma'ams. . -Portland. July 13. To the. Editor of Tbe Journal Dr." Curtis, of Hays ville. Kan., writes to a 1 Kansas City paper that pretty ' schoolma'ams "are worth' 315 more - a. month to school districts - than . plaln ones", He also advocates that those skilled in base ball , and basketball should get the preference, , If this superintendent's views were OHEGO.V SIDELIGHTS "Not a -bad old bell in physical ap pearance, to say nothing of Us his torical decorations," Is the La Grande Observer's comment on the cherished By way ot proclaiming the fineness of the water, the Penaleton Jiast Ore gon lan says: "Now that the swimming pool is fully ready for use it won't be necessary for the boys to make use of the mud holes any longer. . Have a real swim-in the clean water of the natatorium. Eugene Guard: If the committee In charge , of the ceremonies at the reception of the Liberty Bell, Thurs day, next, will distribute the anthem "America' to the people assembled on that occasion and see that: the band plays it and -that the people sing it, the Guard will be very glad to supply the printed copies. -- . V Mod ford Sun: " It will be consider able of a Jolt to -a number of autoists who imagine they are vest pocket edi tions of Barney Oldfteld, every time they see the Pacific highway to learn that the United States supreme court once beld that a citizen afoot has the right of way over all "vehicles, how ever propelled." . i The Fossil "Journal's Fourth of July Ok . iS I. S'V vv miV , . sage: "One could not help "noting, willy some degree of sadness, the passing ot tne norse. in tne grounas we oouni ed 63 autos and one buggy. Twenty five years ago they all came on horse hnrir . Tin to lo vears aco thev came in hacks and buggies. Now ; tbey i alt come In cars, and a rew snort years hence they'll fly ia." . " . , - The Beach Comber, published "weekly by J.' S. - Wellington, has made 'lis ppearaqce at Bockaway. This ts from the salutatory:- "With this issue the. Garibaldi Beach Comber comes into being, and from this day. forth, as long as its life continues, its sole purpose will be for the betterment of the sum mer beach - resorts whose . name' it bears." Its columns show it has been combings the beaches to some, purpose. a dosen, other modern Inventions are within reach of practically all. ; . State and federal agricultural 1 de partments have -v' contributed . enor mously to more Intelligent and more profitable farming. - They ihave aided in fighting the farmers' natural foes and In teaching him -how soils may be. conserved by crop rotation and fer tilisation. Tbey have multiplied, pro ductivity, enhancing the -value of an acre beyond the dreams of the-- pio neers. . v - 1 "i And, it is thus, as farming has be come more and more an exact science, a profession of precision, systema tizing not merely its actual, work of tillage and harvesting, but applying methods of - business efficiency, of cost calculation and wise marketing, that . it has . won the -attention of the business, man and the banker as an ally - to : be encouraged. ' ' The city . man who reads of the conference- In progress at the Hotel La Salle 'may dismiss it with the thought that it concerns him little But there is where he makes his mis take. It concerns him much. Upon his solution of the problems that af fect the farmer and the' banker de pends In no small measure the hap piness, of all of us. With a steadily increasing urban population, we grow increasingly dependent upon those who abide by . the soil," " The question of - food - supply - and food r rices a' basic question always--rests ln great degree -with -'the farmer, and the farmer must have the confidence and cooperation of the banker if he is to meet - not merely his difficulties: but his opportunities and make the best of- them. : Whatever tends to make the farmer's lot easier and the farm er's1 life more attractive tends to in sure our abundance for the ' future. And so we say- to you, Mr. Citizen, that the conference at the La Salle ts a happy augury for you and every body. , , r officially .. adopted ' we could never supply our sohool districts with com petent teachers. " From a pedagogical standpoint.- university athletics and rowing are a hindrance to our -students'- educational progresslvenesa .The Mothers' Magaslne claims that "ten per cent of Wellesley'g senior class were engaged to be married before leaving college, c This demon strates to Dr. CurUs that your high toned teachers merely become . school teachers as matrimonial agency6 aiae line. wnereas crippled teachers adopt pedagogy as 'a profession,! not as - a side line : or pastime. 4 Most 1 of ; your so-called superior class of teachers are gadders to socials and barn dances, ' returning at late? nocturnal hours,' and are. to tally unnt next day rot the- strenu ous brain work .that pedagogy de mands. : A: pedagogue's expertness ia baseball or basketball does hot i ini tiate our youngsters into . the formu la of ' how "to find ' th e product of certain numbers and ; state result as a vulgar "and decimal fraction. If rr. Curtis Is honestly interested in scholastic affairs be should -advocate the adoption ln America of the Irish system - of national education, which grants teachers capitation fees, and awards - exhibitions and prizes to succesful -students. r , . OBSERVER. The Test, " 1 ' By Harriet M. Talmadge .' When you - com to a turn in life's winding road, ' Where the shadows lie thickly across, - And the sob of the breeze - - ln the murmuring trees - " Tells of sorrow, defeat and loss Where the templed idols the years have - wrought .: "-. . . v Lie broken, dismantled and bare, .- Ana. ue - puinacie clear Hope pictured so near r Is lost in a haie ot despair t - ' When the agonised heart cries out to return, . ,. - , . Love, youth and ambition renew, -And the echoes repeat: - Tls too late to retreat," ' : And you. tremble then what do V. Jou dot Can you gather the fragments, ' and .- build again ! ' From the lessons the years have taught, "- With a laugh at the ghosts t i Of innumerable hosts ! 'Who have yielded the battle ' half fought? . - ... Pr wlll you, like they, go down to the - plane ' - - ": Where the.jnlTlions grovel and crawl. Wailing: "What use to climb . " -Toward tbe heights sublime1 .When Fate - has decreed we should fall?" There's no road runs straight, nor no - - pain teaas ciear. To the garden of dreams-come-true. less you.nse rrom your pue Of burnt-egor-aad smile, : Face the turn and pass idauntlessly f Hhrough. . , Salem, Or., July -10- Small j Town Defined. , l. s : From the Topeka Capital. : "r A small town is one in which those who have evening clothes refer to them as "dress suits." -lit SAiVX OAXM' T St Tr4 tookJ.r. Special Stff Writw ' . . T , tovnai. ' , - i r If you have lived In Oregon for t past decade and have not met T T Geer. then you must have taken to'tha ta 1 timber - when he J was in your neighborhood, for he has vluitt-d every county In the state, and most of thm frequently. He J. a pioneer and th? son of pioneers. Succeeding- genera . --2T rrS have fol'wed the frou il , .m .?onnetlcut to the country east of the Alleghenles and ion to Ohio., to Illinois across the Missouri and on to the last frontier by the hor of the raoiflc. I met ex-GovVr-nor Goer for the first time 27 years ago. I wa riding a lln fck , b",",kln pony, and stopped to ask directions Of a tall, slender, very erect farmer ln faded blue over ails and a checked gingham shirt, who as flowing by the side of a rail fence along the roadside not far from Macleay in the Waldo hills. He told me his name was T. T.' Geer, Thw next time I met him was at the state bouse whll he was governor. A few days ago I met ex-Governor Ger on the street, and asked him how his garden was coming on. He said, come out and see for yourself, and I will pay you a dollar for every w4 you find in my garden." It was a safe offer, for he Is up at daylight ?vfrVnornln,r to tha nr mat have come up over night are re moved. "When are you going to tell m about your boyhood days?" I asked. ow, he answered. "Come up ti my office and I. will answer any ques. tions you as, unless you get too per- -sonal." . When we were seated in his1 office. I said ."I only want to ask you one question, 'Who were your people, where did they come from, when did they come to Oregon.where and when were you born and what have you done in the last 0 or more years? " . "Wsll, if that is one question, I am ' glad you didn't ask me several," re plied Governor Oeer. . "My father, Herman J. Oeer. was born in Madison county, Ohio, on Sep tember 23. 1828. Ills father, Joseph Carey Geer, was born in Connecticut, on February 6. 1795. My grandfather, -Joseph Carey Geer, enlisted at the age of 18,. in the volunteer troops that were engaged in the War of 1812, and shortly after the close of the war. when he was 20 years old. he married : Mary Johnson. In 1818 h crossed i tne Alleghenles with all his worldly possessions ln a light wagon, and went ' to the Northwest territory, as Ohio was then termed. His worldly pos sessions at that time consisted of one wife; three children, two horses, a wagon, a small sum of money and a bolt of cloth. Don't overlook that bolt of cloth woven on a handloom by his wife, for they lived on It for up wards of a year. Whenever they had to have a, little money they cut and sold a few yards from, this bolt of cloth. t "My mother's' name was Cynthia Ann Eoff, and her father, John Leon ard Eoffj was born on July a, 1812, ln Pulaski county, Kentucky. lie was raised where wants were few and simple enough corn for hoe cake or corn dodgers, a Kentucky rifle to keep one supplied with deer and bear meat.- a little 'moonshine' to wet their Whistles and whet their appetites, enough homespun to supply a home made suit each, year, and that was about the extent of 1U They didn't need book education to draw a bead on a 'deer or to split rails so in common with the rest Of the mountaineers my grandfather went . without 'book lam in" When, he was 20 he fall in lova with Mary Ann Itouten, the daughter of a near neighbor. Her parents ob jected to the match, so the -young folks waited for a dark night and rod a away for Indiana, 150 miles to the northward. They were married there, and lived ln Indiana for two years. "In 1835 they went to Illinois, and in the spring of 1841 they went to Burlington, Iowa, Two years later they moved to tbe Fox River country, Dear the Missouri line, and In 1847 they hooked up their oxen and went to Independence, M9 where they join 1 an emigrant train for Oregon. My Grandfather Eoff settled in the Waldo Hills. The first day he started plow lng he hit a hidden rock and Jerked the beam out of his plow. He un hooked his oxen, and, going to the bouse, be said to his wife, 'Polly, I am riot going to stay in these rocky hills; I am going down on the prairie.' lie bought out a squatter who had settled at the south end of Howell prairie, paying him a yoke of oxen for his Improvements,--: "My father was 19 years old when he came to Oregon, ln 1847. lie set tied near Butteville." His uncle, Italpn Geer, went up into the Waldo Hills, taking his claim in the winter of . '4 7. Ralph Geer at once started ln the nursery business, and was the flmt nurseryman in that neighborhood. He brought his apple and pear seeds and roots with him, and in the early fifties he made big money, not only from the sale of his nursery stock, r but also from the sale of his apple to the miners in southern Oregon. , "Father spent the winter of 184? ratting logs down the Wlllaaiette to th mill at Oregon City. While visit lng his Uncle Ralph he met Cynthia Eoff, who was 14 years old. Tbey had e come across the plains in the same party, so naturally they had lots to talk about. Ha made frequent visits to his Uncle Ralph, Ills uncle bad not realised before - bow much my. father thought of bim. .The reason for his visits was made evident when on Oc tober 14, 1848, my father and Cynthia Ann Eoff were married. They wre married sat'' Grandfather. Eoff's home, by ODaniel Trullinger, my present wife's grandfather.' My wife's father. John C. Trulllnger, then a young man, was the only guest present outwide ct the family. Daniel Trulllnger was a Christian minister, and .had lived on the next farm to Mr.' Eoff. lie had Intended coming to Oregon in 47, but had been unable to get away; so he came Justin tlm to marry my parent in the fall of 1848. INDEX OF ADVANCING TIDE OF PROSPERITY t : Chicago The railroads thro'u gh- J out the west and southwest lat .week showed an almost uniform increase In earnings over the pre- ceding week, a reflection, say of- 7 I ficlals, of the generally Improved J i conditions in tne east, wmcn nas given rise to a stimulus country- wide , in scope and subntantial enough to carry the road over until the fall, when prospectlv heavy - movements of grain are f counted upon to swell receipts to a "figure equal to, if not above, those of laft year., ' ' Thrt Burlington made the bet showing of any of the wi"te . roads during the., month of Jv It - increased its car itiovm 8700 cars to a tots'i cf i: cars moved. ..