THE: OREGON. DAILY. JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 9, 1915.
THE JOURNAL
. . ! AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER '
C. H. JACKSON..
, .PublUber
Ptitillabed every ermine (except Sunder) nd
eiwry Handiir morning ut The Jonraal Boil,
tnr. Broad war and Yamhill ata., Portland, Or.
bntrrad at the pontofflca at Portland, Or., for
trnainlaIon through tb malls u second
' . claM matter.'' -" -
Ifcl.KPIIONKg Main 7113; Uome a-8061. All
department readied hf thea number. Tell !
ew operator wnat wpanm-ni jkm wmi. i
KOHKIfiN AIVEUT1SINO aEPHESENTATIVBl
Knjnnln Kenttvir Co.. BronswlcB PMf-,
J Klftb ae. New York, 121S Peopled
Hat Bide., i'hlraro. "
, HalMKniptlon term by mall or to any ad
dieaa In the United Mate or Mexico: -
- ' .. . , .! .... - DAILY -
One yeir . ...... $5.00 t One tnonttt I -SO
'. ,j SUNDAY .
Onei year.......2.&o t On month. ..... .1 .23
! DAILY AND MONDAY
; One' year .$7.60 One month I -SB
-8
Don't be mischief maker.
De mos' good you kin do in
&ia, world ain't much, but de
mai', harm you can do is a
heapUncle Eben.
.SALARIES AND 8AIRIES
T
l HERE are salaries and salar
ies. . Senator Farrell's pro
posal for a horizontal, cut of
..l..l. Innl..r. nn -A ,, a
and ttewllderlng responsibility.
iin the list proposed by Senator
Farrell, it can- hardly be estab
lished that tbe salaries are well
balanced. ' A sample appears in a
comparison of certain state and
county offices. It; is proposed to
fit. the sheriff of Multnomah coun
ty' and a Justice of the supreme
coiurt at $8600 a year. The higher
functions performed by a supreme
.Juldge and the'long course of train
ing necessary for a Judge to fit
himself for his work make the
proposal unbalanced.
Another example Is that it is
suggested that the pay of a cir
cuit Judge be made $3200 and the
clerk of his court $3600, or $400
more. ;Nobody will contend for. a
moment that the ,service rendered j
DX the clerk of a court should
command more compensation than
the presiding judge in a court.
Nbr Is it sound doctrine to InsiBt
that a railroad commissioner with
all the training and responsibility
imposed on that office should . re
ceive only $3200 while a sheriff
In Multnomah county is to be paid
aj proposed $36p0.
' ( Senator Farrell's endeavor for
a reform in salaries has merit as
a, whole but there are positions
and positions and there should be
nnhu .rii..tmont. in Mch
it.o .i..Ma. -nrt 0r,rtr,c,tv.Mrti0 !
of the Office should have weight in
determining the amount of compen
sation. Generally speaking, many posi
tions In the public service are
overpaid.; The wild scramble for
w 1
public; Jobs whenever positions are"3 ub- u uears
available is the evidence. Money
is wasted by the bwcketfull In hir
i ing clerks at legSslatlve sessions
at $4 and $5 a day to do little
or nothing, i
Of course there are many -ex-ceptlons,
but it is! almost the rule
that those In public employment
receive more than their services
would command In private em-
ployment. Yet, there is not a rea
son in the world why the public
should pay a higher price for ser
vice than paid by a private em
ntover. If anv difference, it shnnhTKeaged In the battles were first to
be In the nubile service, for nf f i-
-cialdom Invariably has shorter
fhours, more holidays and In gen
eral less exacting! duties and re
quirements than lis the case in
private j employmeffi.
RIGHTS OF NEUTRALS
VENEZUELA has proposed an
" International conference to
discuss the rights of neu-.
trals. The proposal goes
farther i than any of Its predeces
sors and suggests that all countries
now at peace. Instead of the twenty-one
nations of the western hem
r isphere, shall be j Invited to send
delegates.
. It. Is said there! is no intention
of attempting to change the. rules
of International law immediately.
- Thfl nlan la -for tiAnrrnla tn Vmii
their conference in Washington
'and i cnnsidAP all Tirnhloma owitirlns
-out of the war that affect nations
" not involved In the conflict.
' It is urged that! a definite agree
ment as .o what should be done
to clearly define the rights of neu-
. trals on land and- sea- might be
possible. Then, after the crbse of
the nreiiAnt war. thn vnrlr nl tko
delegates would be placed before
another congress ;of nations, and
in this second assembly the agree
ment of present neutrals would be
; suomiiiea to an nations, including
those now belligerent. ' v
" America's protest to Great Brit
. ain concerning the harasring of
American neutral comme ce brings
; to tne iront me necessity pi some
: binding , international agreement
nxing the rights of neutrals
Veneziiftla'R nlan wnnid if .n.cViP08 to accept their arbitrary das-5
promise definite results '
The conference held in London P ' Up by the best authorities.
In 1897? failed of its purpose but' Whetber bis ruling' will please
following this irraf war w t.
reason to believe that ifall neutral
nations, ; ieaded! by the United
States,' should make reasonable de
mands for recognition of ihe rights
of peace as well as the rights of
war .the. demands would be
agreed to. ..
. England herself has -Insisted
. that a blockade to be binding roust
be effective. But ' Great i Britain
has been unable) ; to maintain an
actual blockade of Germany and
Austria, partly because of the: fact
that neutral powers border the two
empires. , The has,., therefore,
sought, the same result by extend
In g ' the contraband principle, : so
that neutral nations would be re-1
strained from shipping goods that
uuguit una . meir , way imu cuuj
tries at war with England.
What " Venezuela proposes and
what neutrals ' should Insist upon.
Is that no belligerent in the future-should
have a right to rove
the seas,, preying upon neutral
Commerce,'
PORTLAND SCHOOLS.
T IS not probable that there is
a serious - difference between
the school board and Superin
tendent Alderman over the giv
ing of places to teachers.
s Naturally,, the membera of the
board would not go Into a whole
sale business of making selections
for positions. They are busy men.
They have not the time to devote
to' seeing ; applicants and passing
upon recommendations and quali
fications. What la more, In a gen
eral way, they are anxious to avoid
the bother, responsibility and ex
penditure of time ' required by
such a course. " . '
In fact, It is one of the obvious
functions of the superintendent to
investigate qualifications and!
make selections. That Is one of
the details for which a superin
tendent is employed. 1 is because
he Is especially trained and espe
cially competent fo- such work tiat
a district has a superintendent. '-
Indeed, how can the head of
any institution succeed, if not per
mitted to select his tools and
working force? r
The effectiveness of the teacher
very largely determines whether
or not the schools are to be ef
ficient. To avoid random and in
discriminate selections, there should
be a qualified head with practical
knowledge to choose teachers.
That is the plan in vogue in all
modern .ducational institutions
and in all advanced school dis
tricts. It is the plan recommended
in the report of the Portland school
Burvey.
It Is obviously the intelligent
plan by which to promote . the
highest efficiency In the schools,
and it is the highest efficiency that
the public wants and to which it
is entitled.
A GOOD OMEN
A
BERLIN dispatch says the
German army authorities
have issued a general order
prohibiting troops in the
tMA from fraternizing with forces
of the enelny. It is said this fra-
ternizlng occurred in the western
war zone at Christmas to such an
extent that Germans and British
played football and agreed to sus
pend hostilities for two? days more.
Perhaps this dispatch is not to
V . Jt . - X ........ Ta 1- A. : ll t .
the Germans ' and British clayed
football Christmas Cay anywhere
on the long battlellne, the fact is
evidence that this war is not a
conflict between races hating each
other, but is the result . of sys
tems of government in which the
people have little to say.
Undoubtedly! the fighting thus
far has inspired mutual respect by
the soldiers of) all armies. It was
so in our Civil war, and when the
end came men who actually en-
ieclare thu sterling, qualities of
their former adversaries
If a general order to prevent
fraternizing has been necessary,
it is a good omen.
It means, after all, that, man
to man and mind .to mind and
heart to heart, th races are not
held apart in hatreds by the im
aginary frontier lines and differ
ent languages that divide them into
groups called nations. It means
that centuries of civilization have
really done something and Is con
stantly doing more to spread the
gentle doctrine of the universal
brotherhood of man, In spite of
wars and monarchs and scheming
chancellories.
INDIAN NOT MONGOLIAN
G
ATO SELLS, commissioner of
Indian affairs, has decided
that the Indian In tin M.l
, " . . .
gollaru This decision will
not definitely settle the question
over which ethnologists have pon
dered but it seriously affects the
publishers of text . books used in
Indian schools. Commissioner Sells
has ruled that text books which
do not classify the noble red man
as a distinct race and which in
cludes him in the Mongolian fam
ily will he dropped from the au
thorized list of books in the In
dian service.
Certain recent writers in an ef
fort td reduce the number of races
into which men ere divided, have v
shown a disposition to do awav .
with the old classification of the
Indian as a distinct race.
Commissioner Sells doos not pro-
t eifIcatIon and he claims that, he is J
i xne maians -ana the Mon-
BolIans has not been determined,
THE WORK GOES ON
T
HE coming of Bishon Sumne
to take up the work laid
down by the lamented Bishop
Scadding suggests the thou eht
that no man " is Indispensable- in
the scheme of things. When a
leader dies the community : pauses
for- a brief moment to wonder how
It is going ; to get along without
hfm but soon, there comes .another
man out of the ranks ; who takes
up the "burden ? of leadership and
carries it on a little farther.
The work goes on though the
workmen. fall. No man is greater j
than the cause In which he Is eu-
listed. Every great work is built
above a grave, even as men, in j
the words of .; the poet, rise on I
stepping stones or. meir ;. ueau
selves to - higher things." ana many ; a hoy and man goes
. The altar, of peace demands Its Into the flotsam and jetsam, where
blood sacrifice as does that of war. as on a farm they might become
One of -those who thought that
the world could not get along
Z a. t . M, 1 ' A - 0
Egypt, on his tomb, according to
his will, was inscribed: "My name
is Ozymandias, . king- of
Vintra' I
-" I
Look on my works,
ye mighty, I
and despair."
In a sonnet on the ruins of the
great . Egyptian's memorial Shelley
mintoa this Inscrintinn an it Artrfst
m
the f OllOWin g Comment ' Of ' rebuke :
,r.i,i . . rj
AOtblngr beside remains. Round the
decay
Of
that colossal" wreck.
boundless I
V and bare,
The lone and level sands . stretch far
away, '.-y:
YESTERDAY AND TOMORROW
S
YSTEMS change. Processes
of yesterday are in the dis
card today. Nothing endures. J
War was once a matter of I
men. .In the European trenches
today it is more, an issue Of
machines. . " . j page of The Journal to prove the truth;
a, ,ik. t iAotm7 assertions, and so I will merely;
J w.c l"y I
Of how things are - passing. Sev- j
eral hundred farmers of all ages
ar attending r-nUotra fharo Tt
is the Farmers' Short Course, and
it presents the busy scene -of prac
tical farmers back to school, study
ing the methods and 'preparing to
" -vv"-"
science Das .mrown aDOUt me DUo.-1
ness of farm production.
rrv,t . ,i , t,
This sort of thing has been go-
ing on for years. With increasing
interest and larger attendance, the
producers of the state are annually
cuMn,y v,t ,
J A. - t, VUlv AXA UUUi3 VI UIUIC iUlCl
Ilgently directing their endeavors.
Nobody knows the limits to
which this process of increasing
production in Oregon has gone.
The operations on the farm are j
being subjected to the inexorable
rule of change. Agriculture has
become a highly developed science.
The farmers themselves are swiftly
learning the requirements which
accelerate -production and increase
yield of crops.
It is one Of the biggest agencies
tnr oHiny n. ivn nrA'a'it I
" mv. T.r .I. r
Biaio. xiie buii is lue siorenouse
from which nearly everything j
comes. The mines and the forests I
and other great resources becorie
exhausted, but the land goes on
yielding forever.
The presence of so many prac
tical . farmers at the place of in-
Struction at Corvallis and their
enthusiasm in their investigations
is abundant proof of what the pro-
cess means. It is evidence of . a
transition movement in which I
there is a spreading knowledge of
hOW tO 'get the UtmOSt OUt Of the
, , ,.., . . . . " .
land, Of TlOW to do the most to
make the agricultural population I
prosper, of how to add the most
t tv, ,,, o-
to the annual farm production of
the commonwealth.
There is no bigger influence for
converting our fields, ..nd orchard.!,
ana pastures ana meaaowg into a 1
greater and more splendid Oregon.
GOVERXMEKT SHIPS
A
MERICA'S need for ships to!
carry American products is
t I
Opposition to the bill for
government owned ships is ex-
Dlained larsrelv bv the rennrt of
piainea largely Dy tne report .Of
cabinet officers on rate advances
since the European war began.
They said:
Rates on cotton from New York to
Liverpool jumped from 20 cents a j
hundred pounds in July to 40 cents!
in September and 75 cents in Decern-fHottin
went from 20 cents a
hundred in
Grain rates
July to $3 , in December.
rose from 4 and 6 cents a bushel to
16 and 17 cents; on provisions to Eu
ropean ports the ' increases were from
$4.87 to $7.30 a ton; .flour from 12
and 13 cents a hundred to 26 and 25
cents; cottonseed oil from 97 cent's
to $1.95 a barrel, and on other com.
modules correspondingly..
Opponents of the pending meas-
" J "'"
Tiro BflV trio Ama-t1fan nCAnl. I
not do taxea 10 maintain govern-
mnt nwnoH moM ,to 1
vu. . "
wuviuuoij, mey upyose govern-
ment ships because they want to
tax American commerce and in-
dustry to death with their extor
tionate ocean freight rates.
gument in favor, of the bill. '
FARMS FOR CITY BOYS
F
ROFESSOR GAULT of North
western University has ad
vised Chicago's , crime com
mission that farm colonies at
least sixty miles from the cltv
should be Drovided for iuvenile d-1
linquents. He recommends that
city and state cooperate In buying
and operating the farms.
These farms, says Professor
Ganlt, should" provide ?; opportuni-
ties for agricultural pursuits and
shop work, in addition . to formal
eaucauon, ana snouia oe as far as
possible conducted by the boys
Hospital treatment shoulC be pro-
'a : "
Wluwi wrf
otnerwise Bnouia re aemea on cer -
tificate of the medical Staff that
a boy for whom parole is asked
. '
is in such condition that he would
be a menace to others.
There La much to recommend
these modern .views.- Many juven
ile offenders are at outs with so-
clety principally because of their
environment. Farm lifa ' wnnM
1. v . .
mem iruui aswuauuua icujpi-
ing to - crime. It would put " the
boy face ' to face with nature, ' in
an atmosphere conducive to health.
It would place opportunities 7 be
fore him that the city does not
afford.
H The way to reform a boy Is to
inspire him with an - ambition to
make something of himself. But
TOmyeuiiuu in me, taiy : is - aeen
useful - citizens.
Lettere From the People
i-mmanicauoM sent to Tbe Journal lor
pntiucallun
in Lhia Aeuartment ahoulri h writ
ten on only one aide of tbe taper, ebduld no
ow wwua tn wugui uia must oe ic
corona nied by the name and addresa of the
Ker,'h. kT,'1 t.0?, rt?
-
""CUM. lno l reiormera.
iic raiwuauzes ererytuing it toucbes. it roba
j principle ot all t ale sanctity and throw them
I 'aec"s on their reasonableness. If they hare
1 reaaonaWenese. it ruthk-aalT trashei them
oat of existence and seta un Ita own conclusion
m meir aieao." wooarow wuaon.
The Races In Britain.
Portland, Jan. 1. To the Editor ot
The Journal Will you allow me toj
answer as briefly as possible the criti-
cism by a correspondent in your issua
of January 4, of my letter regarding:
the race of the British people? I ami
not at all surprised at the indignant
Protest which my letter brought forthj
fojL no one, wh, is, unversed l in
ments wouId naturaUy seem somewhat
radical. It would Tequixe at least a
ret forth or the benefit of my critic
the underlyinff facts upon which I
j based my letter, and conclude with a
Mt of authoritative books which will
substantiate my thesis.
At the time .of the Roman occupa
tion of Britain the vast majority of
the Inhabitants of the Island were of
the old neolithic Stock; that Is, they
cephalic stock common to southern
Europe and northern Africa, The
Romans, being substantially of the
same stock, left no trace. If there is
a rm at nl1 ,r ,a ut,Mr
with th5 brachycephalic race of cen-i
tral Europe,- and my assertion that
ther was scarcely a trace: of that
breed in Britain when the Romans lef
Is true, notwithstanding the denial of
my critic. ,
The subsequent invasions of Britain
by the Teutons did, it is true, intro
duce into the island large numbers of
the tall, blonde, dolichocephalic stock
of northern Europe, but not enough to
form a majority of the population.
We cannot blame the lady for what
she has gleaned from Green and what
she learned in her school histories.
Gre'en and the other older historians
fell Into the pit which Max Mueller
digged for himself by confusing philo
logical with ethmological affinities,
and the school text books are notor
iously ignorant of the meaning of the
word "race.". I
If my critic is sUll in doubt as to
my sanity I would refer her to the
following standard works on the sub-
Ject: Ripley's "Races of Europe
Keane's "Races of Man; ,Marett'a
"Anthropology;" Munro's "Story of th
British Race." HERBERT B. AUGUR
Farmers' Fire Insurance.
Sublimity, Or., Jan. 6. To the Edi-
commodate those of our members who
could not be present and are readers
of your valuable paper, I hereby sub-
A vL a 2 tW vr rnr' pm r-
Hef aHHor.ia.tinn of Sublimity. Or., held
its nineteenth annual meeting at this
Pce., ne meeting was wen uenueu
and all of its members took an active
int-rest in it nroceedlnes. I
The secretary-treasurer's report
showed that there were more policies
for insurance issued during the last
year than in any year previous. There
were 63 nolicies issued, insuring 92
11.dei?5aD,V1Ltf 7 Vo".
wero 434 policies , in force insuring
702 buildings and contents Tor 303,
714. The treasurer's report ' showed
that January 1 1914, there was in the
treasury 173.57; received during the
year (92.40; fire loss during the year
onlv J 3.50: total salary and Incidental
expenses $210.26; leaving- $355.72 cash
on nana. .'',- '
During the last 19 years the average
led to only $1.60 per $1000 pertVear.
This low cost 13 principally attributed
to our havin our own directors as so-
UcltorSi thereby preventing hazardous
and over insurance risks. " j
There were provisions Triad e to have
ample reserve funds In the future so
as to be able to pay all claims phompt-
ly on demand. The following officers
were elected for the ensuing year: F.
A. Bell, president. Sublimity; Charles
r secretary-treasurer', Sublim-
lty; directors, w. 1. uowning, Shaw;
B. Minten, Scio; P. C- Freres, Klumb;
Henry Steinkamp, .Aumsville; John
Bender, Jordan.
CHAS. HOTTINGER.
Alaska Railroad.
Portland, Or., Jan.. 6. To the Editor
of The Journal I would appreciate it
if you in your - paper would answer
these questions; Can you ' tell me
definitely when the Alaskan Railroad
11. . . 1 x . . 1 . . j.
wm covere
witn snow ai present.'
GEORGE, "MARTIN.
The date at which operaflons will
begin has not been announced. Of
course, preliminsry operations in the
wy of investigations for. the purpose
of obtaining data are already in prog
ress.. Shasta's summit is always snow
covered, and at this season practically
the entire mountain must be snow
clad. ' .: . j'
The Case of Jesse Wing. j
Portland, Or., Jan. 7. I would ask
what penalty can be meted out to this
terrible creature, Jessie Wing? I am
told all the law can give him is a short
sentence in the .penitentiary, but his
chances of a parole are good. What
protection have out children against
iw ..rni titrM? ,tm hov-h eon.
f esaion is verified by his victims, that
he criminally assaulted two - innocent
girls, using a pistol to intimidatf them.
There is too much -sentimentlm han
dling this class. .READER.
The Victoria Cross.
: From the Indianapolis News.
Among British soldiers, to win the
Victoria Cross is to achieve a distinc
tion compared to which membership
in the house' of commons is fensignlf I-
cant. No question of rank or length
lof service is involved in its award.
Whoever wins it receives from $60 to
1 $250 annually for the rest of his Ufa,
The medal itself is a simple little
MaUcse cross m, fL, Drol en
I rmm parnirm rantum1 from th. Tina.
sians in the Crimea, .and it bears two
words "For Valor., A young mate
named Lucas is said to have won It
first by seizing 4 a. sputtering bomb
and throwing it overboard. s That was
in 1854, .but the cross was not 'pre-
I sented till two years later.. Since then
it has been won by hundreds of sol
Idiers and sailors, and, though the
1 nun who instituted it is lane air,..
j dead., and , can no longer . bestow the
1 crosses m person, -as was e once her
custom, the "V. XX," h.n it is popularly
Known, us more mgmy coveted 'than
i ever.
A FEW SMILES
An old Scotch woman was famous for I
speaking kindly. No sheep . was so J
dark' but she could discover some
white spot to point
out -to those who
could see only
blackness. One day
a gossiping neighbor
lost, patience with
her. and said an
grily: "W u m m a n. ye'H
hae a gude word to say for tbe deevil
himself!" ; .
WeeL fee's' . terra industreeous
bodyr ... ... ,t -
There could be no dispute in the
matter. The Jockey was Just ovee
weight only the -merest' fraction, but
enough to disqualify
him. ;
The' disappointed
owner glanced from
the little rider, to the
scales, then, to the
rider again.
"William. he said.
"can't you do some
thing to lighten yourself a. Jbit?'
"o, sir; ain't 'ad a bit t any sort
these two days.iL
"Hum! Shaved?? -
"Yes, sir; five minutes ago.,
"linger nails?
The jockey held out his hands. The
nails were clipped almost to the
quick. .
For a moment the owner was silent.
Then a bright idea occurred to him.
Run away and have your tonsils
cut," he shouted. "Hurry, lad,
hurry!"
The Ragtime Muse
. Here's Another Fallacy.
I love a maid with glorious hair.
A maid with wondrous eyes;
I marvel at the beauty rare
That in each dimple lies.
There never was a smile so bright
As on her perfect face:
I view with infinite delight
My loved one's matchless grace.
That love is blind the wise men say
With many words or, few;
My love who walks in beauty's way.
Her smile, her dimples, -too.
Her face as perfect as a star.
Her grace, her hair's bright low.
To me seem lovelier than they are
Because I love her so.
Thus do the wise men prose and prate!
But who would heed them long?
Hi pause, despite my blissful state.
To prove that they are wrong.
That they've no wisdom they can spare
I sternly Judge by this:
They call love blind and yet declare
It sees what others miss'
The Year Gone: The Year Come.
From the Chicago Herald.
The year 1914 has been a year to
which few civilized men will look back
with the wish that it could return. It
has been a year of enormous calamity
ror the human race as a whole. In
that calamity the American people
have also suffered, despite the bless
ings of profound peace, and abundant
harvests here at home.
It was the year in which the impos
sible happened. At least both the
pacifists and the advocates of pre
paredness told us it was impossible.
We were assured that preparedness as
sured peace. It didn't, Ws were told
no future war could bq long. We hear
the combatants on both sides .speak of
nothing but fighting to exhaustion.
We have learned that neither paper
agreements nor the most solemn na
tional pledges prevent war. We have
seen them curtly dismissed as "only
words. as "just scraps of paper." We
have learned that neither-extreme pre
paredness, as in the case of Germany,
nor unpreparedness that is ludicrous
in the military expert's eyes, as in the
case of England, averts war.
Through much blaming of the arro
gance of rulers and the sins of states
men some of us have learned, we be
lieve, that the trouble lies deeper, and
that before peace on earth can be as -
sured, even between nations deemed'
eiviuzea, me peoples or. inese nations
must get a new mind about war.
They must learn to regard war col
lectively aa most of them Individually
regard the use of ' deadly weapons.
They must learn to regard war as
never justified save In actual self de
fense against attack not merely sus
pected or feared, but actual and tangi
ble. They must learn that nations may
iiiri fiB-tit oniv am mar. fio-iita
against a murderer visibly seeking his
life.
If these lessons shall be truly learned
hnmand
yet look back upon 1914 as a year that
was memorable for something more
than its sorrows and sacrifices, for its
cruelties and its calamities. We may,
look back upon it as the year in which
w,jsan re?'r 1 Iff r?H Un,ter th!
providence of God and the sharpest
discipline, the abiding truth of our in -
terdependence and the invincible neces -
sity of proving by our works our faith
in the brotherhood of man
In bidding farewell to the year that
is gone the American people may con-
8
is come as one that, will be better fort"11" -"- vl wmjf, ic o. ""' i.taijr ui y uttu
them and can be no worse for the war- 'signed. A craft which can slip through tbe air with the speed of an express
ring nations abroad. The year that is train and cruise about for 36 hours; which is fitted with searchlights for
gone opened - with peace, between all nocturnal prowling; which carries machine guns to repel aggressive aero
nations. It closes with 10 nations en-'30 js obviously a piece of mechanism that has its uses. But what are
gaged in the most enormous -war that they? To send up a eppeiin jn oraer to watch the effect of artillery fire
andray neeyear that as come : would be reckless under ordinary circumstances, fCaptive ballootis, aero
will . close with all nations again at planes and small dirigibles perform that task satisfactorily without endan-
1 t M a. a. ri ! t r ' - 1 .T 1 .
peace, and a peace that will perma
nently endure.
France and Belgium.
From the Atlanta Constitution. .
An interesting report that 'has come
from the scene of the conflict in Eu
rope is to the effect that tribulation
has shaken the proverbial French skep
ticism, substituting for it a sentiment
of religion. 7
If that development shall prove to be
accurately reported, and not merely
ephemeral, the holocaust will not have
been without us compensations to
France. Already there have been other
compensations, in the suppression of
the liquor traffic in Russia anJ France
and its lessening in England. Now, if '
religion shall spread in France as a re-
buh v& uio wtti, ui tuBwiuui nui lu&ifl
something to mark up to the credit of
the militarists.
It is doubtful tf France, as a nation,
ever-has been as agnostic "or .atheistic
as we have been led to believe. It is
true that the "intellectual" of France,,
the aristocracy and the leaders of lit-'
erary circles have manifested little in
terest in organized religion. But
among the great masses of the people
which, after all. make the France as it
will go down in history, It is likely
tbe typical popular adherence to re
ligion exists. ' V
' However, no nation can hava a sur
feit of religion, provided it does not
rise In hypocrisy or opportunism or ex
pediency. If it is not with Francs a.
case of "the devil was sick, and the.
devil a monk would be," humanity is to
be congratulated. - ' T
One Way 'Out. .-.
- j! From Judge. . ' '
I wish I knew how to get rid of
trouble," -,-. - 1 -
"I'll help you out. I know a fellow
who's looking for itt"
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL CHANGS
Satan never offers to go into part
cership with a busy man. '
Men love women less than they love
to have , women love them.
, ,. .: . '
Laxy people usually work -overtime
when It comes to giving advice.
But th income of every married
man is already taxed to the limit. '
... . ; .. , . j
Let us try to do riirht at all t!m
We'll not succeed enough to hurt any
thing. , .
The more polite two women are when
they meet the more they hate each
other.
If some men had never been ' born,
some others might have to work for a
living.
When a man says he is blase It
means that his disrestive annaratus
; isn't working as it should.
What surprises a irtrl most when a
young man kisses her unexpectedly is
why he did not attempt it before.
.
The man who thinks a good deal of
his wife should not attempt to conceal
his thoughts when they are alone.
In this world there are some men
so mean that they really believe that
they are honest when all their debts
have-been outlawed.
It Is true that a dollar does not go
as far now as -it did in. the day of our
grandfathers, but its speed is much
greater.
To our mind the chanmion hi eh
powered liar is the man who first
started the story that two people can
live as cneapiy as one. .
THE-DREADFUL ZEPPELIN
FALLS-SHORT OF EXPECTATION -
Written for
By WALDEMAR
Managing Editor of
T7OR years we
1
possibilities,
oertnany s
Mm on
ants killed, the
were directed
expected more
but with the magnificent destructivenesS of the machines that glide
through the atmosphere of a story
Military officers, least of all those at the head of the German afrny,
were not disappointed. They knew that the Zeppelins could be scout
cruisers only and not real battleships,' and they said so unhesitatingly in
their technical military journals. During the siege of Port Arthur, more
than 10 years ago, the Japanese mortars dropped 500-pound shells on the
protective decks of Russian warships. The Russians never blinked, and
the warships remained afloat, not even disabled. Many facts of the same
kind had long ago convinced military
pected of bomb-dropping.
There was one supreme moment when bombs might have been
dropped with awful effect on massed troops, and that came when Sir
John French's forces crossed from England to the continent. Nearly a
hundred thousand men were transported in ordinary ships, the thin
decks of which could easily have been pierced by a bomb of proper de
sign! Yet, we have heard of no attack upon the steamers that conveyed
the British troops to France and Belgium, nor upon the regiments them
selves as they landed and marched in close formation to the nearest rail
way station. Even if we assume that these troops were transported and
landed at night, as many of them undoubtedly were, a bomb-dropping
airship equipped with searchlights might have ventured upon an attack.
If more evidence is required of the utter futility of dropping bombs
from dirigible airships, it will be found in the capture of Liege, Namur
and Maubeuge. 1 Where were the Zeppelins when these strongholds were
taken? We heard of great guns, but
mere existence i of that wonderful
Iduced fort after fort in Belzium. shows how little the Germans relied on
j the offensive power of their. Zeppelins. Why construct such oOnderous.
,Ynpn si v arrtllcrv if a Zenrwlin ran
, 1 c;t. .
sive from a height of a male? Why
to Maubeuge, drag it for days over
crete, so that a 1700-pound shell or
crack open a refractory cupola like
Wilder than all the bomb-dropping fables are the tales which credit
Germany with the intention of invading England with a fleet of Zeppelins
1 be general staii or tne berman armv
know that huge sheds must be built
a Zeooelin s base is not the headauarters of an armv. but a harbor some-
' nrhr in fj-rmanv a a ml tn whi
thu3 im?
navc Den .DU"' al Drus"ls HU luur
nearer tne seat 01 war, ooin on iana ana sea. wuni von z-cppcnn nas
spent years in trying to devise a way of fettering his unruly giants in a
gale near the ground, and to his lack of success are to be attributed some
Qf the catastrophes in which his ships have been destroyed. A hundred
new Zeppelins require a hundreds sheds.; and Germany has not half that
"-fc . ,.,n.r kJU f- , ;,c;. 1 .
j"1"" - '"
j carry more than a few regiments,
Itively to their size.
How useful Germany's 14 Zeppelins have been, or for that matter the
airships of France,, the only other
gering many lives and without entailing a heavy financial risk. -To. employ
the Zeppelins for daylight reconnoitenng is possible, but also hazardous.
An aeroplane is so much smaller as a target; so much swifter as a vehicle,
so much cheaper as an investment, that it would naturally be selected for
ordinary scouting. No wonder that official dispatches tell us much of the
aeroplane and the exploits of its pilot, but very little of the dirigible.
Copyright. 1915. by the Philadelphia Public Ledger.
WELL-TRODDEN
By John M. Oskison.
I acknowledge my indebtedness i to
the thrift; booster or tne .American
. . . i,4r. r. rhi." Jtn-
Hll.hitt nf
7rfc., ru-v vtm -jd to
. t """ditor one. day:
'You have a young man named
Cunningham . in your division, haven't
your
" 'Yes, sir.' "
" "Well, keep your eye on him." .
'"Why? He's one of my best men.
Tie ought to be; I saw him depos
iting money in a savings bank the
day before Christmas'."
Of course the statistics show that
more money is taken out of ths sav
ings bank the day before Christmas
than is put in, ana tne yonng xeiiow
who can make a deposit on that day
la certainly well started on the thrift
road. But I don't tbinK i te sus
picious of the young fellow who drew
out some of ills deposits at Christmas
time. '
If you have the opportunity read the
figures -showing increases in deposits
in the savings banks after January 1.
1916. I venture to. say that for every
dollar. -withdrawn at Christmas time
two dollars will go in about January L
We already have a tremendous popu
lation' of savers. In all sorts of banks
throughout the country they have de
posited some seven - billions almost
enough to pay for all ths crop pro
duced in too United States in 114.
In all sorts of building and loan and
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
The school census of The Dalles
shows an increase of 112 in the num
ber of pupils compared with, that of
a ye,ar ago. .
.That Linn- county is not only en
tirely out of debt, but in addition has
$20.2.98 .on the ' credit side of the
ledger, is the statement made by Treas
urer W. W. Francis, who has just fin
ished balancing his books. : .
The only troubU with Marshfield's
bie new auto fire, trunk: U that It
speeds so fast to a. fire that there Is
noming aoing ror some moments, until
the firemen can assmhi. sn it ma.i
toe found necessary to put on more
wuo. men. woo wm be always on the
Job.
-
Medford Sun: The striking feature
of the report of Secretary Streets of
the Commercial club at the annual
meeting of the organization was the
financial statement, which, showed a
balance of $144.56 in the bank and no
bills outstanding the best showing
for several years.
.
The ladies who are maimdnr the
Coffee club at Pendleton are selling!
books of 6-cent tickets that are re
deemable only at tbe club. Charitable
citizens who purchase these books are
thus enabled to relieve the needy with
assurance that they are helping them
to bread and not to booze.
Ia Grande Observer: Union county
is one of ten in Oregon employing a
farm expert and Mr. Cat has proven
himself of so much practical benefit
to the farmers and orchardists of this
county that the county commissioners
in their budget provided for a contin
uation of the work for the next year,
and the sentiment of the taxpayers
from all parts of the county . stands
behind this action.
The Journal
KAEMPFFERT
Scientific American
have heard of the dreadful military
the enormous size, the speed of
aerial dreadnoughts, developed to
their present perfection only after so many catastro
phes that Emperor William II publicly declared that
persistent old Count von Zeppelin, their creator, was
the greatest German of our time. But when the test
of war came, what a popular disappointment! A few
bombs dropped on Antwerp and Ostend, a square
or two 01 houses demolished, a dozen non-combat
wireless station at which the missiles
missed by a wide margin the world
of these leviathans than this, some
thing comparable not with a Black Hand outrage,
by rl. G. Wells.
experts that not much is to be ex
little of great airships. In truth, the
.4: - centimeter mortar, which has re
destrov a sree-l-rnrreri'H fnrtifirarinn
- f.. UArA; t t,;K
transport the piece by rail from Essen
hills, foot by foot, and bury it in con
two, hurled from its short bore, may
a nut?
is not comoosed ot imbeciles, lnev
to house a fleet of great dirigibles; for
- ri harhnr it must rr-rire from tirni tn
that three Zeppelin, sheds
al "iwcrp 10 unug me airsuipa
---.
so small is their lifting capacity rela-
nation which has a fleet comparable
ROADS TO THRIFT
savings and loan - associations Ameri
cans have invested savings amounting
to nearly three -billions, and in insur
ance policies that will produce in the
future money for persons named as
beneficiaries Americans own savings
of some twenty billions. " :
Many millions of us know the' saving
road. - We are worth keeping an eye
on, according to Mr. Hughitt's theory.
And from this time forward w shall
have more and more company as we
travel the thrift road.
Cavalry's Modern Uses. ' .
. From the '. Buffalo Express.
A speech by . Emperor William,
cabled from Berlin, tells of his regret
at having" to use cavalrymen in this
war as- infantry to man ditches. Cor
respondence from the other side tells
cf -British and French cavalrymen be
ing similarly employed. The horses
are left four or five miles in the rear
and the 'men fight from the cover of
ditches the same as foot soldiers.
Both sides are learning the lesson of
ths . Boer war, s that horses cannot
profitably be ridden into; the; fire, of
modern long range guns, but are of
great use in transporting men rapidly
from point to point and for-scouting
and , covering purposes on marches.
The Russians alone are using their
cavalry successfully tn raiding around
the flanks on the communication lines
of their enemy.j r
- TJ XABX.Y SATS" - ...
By 1Y-4 JUoUay, Special Btaff Writer ef
'". . The Joaraal. .
" A good many years ago X purchased
from one of our local bookstores a dic
tionary of the Chinook language and
brushed up my jargon. ; In the old
days the pioneers needed no dictionary
to brush up their jargon. The language
was in constant use and the traveler
who had no knowledge of jargon was
looked upon as very much of a tender-foot-
' ,.;
But Jargon, like the buckskin clad
trappers and scouts used . In s th
Cfcrly days, has served its purpose and
its chief interest today is to the his
torian. The language started in the
old days when Fort George, , by the
mouth of the Columbia, was the main
trading camp, in the northwest. The
jargon language was an attempt of the
traders to find a language which could
be used In trading with all of the tribes
in the -northwest Astor's men, th
managers of the Northwest Fur corn
pany, and the factors of the Hudson's
Bay company all helped to build the,!
language. Many of the words are cor
ruptions of French or English words
mads by the Indians in trying to pro
nounce the word and adopted by the
white traders. . -
The origin of such jargon words as
bloom for broom, pus-pus for cat, tenas
lope ror little rope or cord, are easily
traced. Other corruptions of English
words are glease for fat, kal-a-hwah-
tie for calico or petticoat, and also ths
words for salt, smoke, sick, wind and
shoes. In discussing the formation of
rthe Chinook language an authority on
tne subject says:
For nearly a century the Chinook
jargon has served to foster trade, pro
mote peac and open the way to civili
zation. Out of the confusion of In
dian languages and dialects of . the
broad northwest t brought Intelligence
and more friendly tribal relations. The
immigration of the '40s found it ready
formed and a universal medium of
communication. A quick mind, 'in an
hour, could make progress in it. and
it could be mastered in a few weeks.
Even today you have only to say "Kla
howya" to a strange Indian on a city
street or out on the reservation to
win a smile of appreciation. It has
been made to voice the Lord's prayer
and the Christian benediction. Hymns
are sung m it and blessings spoken
at table. And with all its petlteness
as a language yet it is broadly Inter
national and Intertribal. -
"Certain of its words are onomato-
poetie coined in imitation t some as
sociated sound as tee-hee, for laugh
ter; turn-turn, heart; cbuk-cnuk, cart;
tin-tin, bell; kah-uah, crow; moos-moos.
cattle.
'Other words that enter into very
general use -are:
Nl-ka Me or mine
Cultus Worthless
Kum-tuks To know or under
stand ' 1 '
Waks
Halo
Ikt
Tum-tum
Till-l-cum
Skookum
T-na3
Hy-ak
Wau-wau
No j ;
None
One
Opinion
People, relatives
friends.
Big or strong
Little or young
Quick, hurry
Talk
"A few simple sentences will illus"
trate the phrasing of this remarkable
language that has been evolved out of
the contact of savagery and civiliza
tion:
Kla-how-ya six.
Mi-ka sick?
Kali t ah mika
Good morning or
evening
Are you sick?
What ails you?' a
Make A fire. "
Ma-mook pl-ah
Ik-ta mi-kah tl-ka? What do you want?
."The following jargon words, with
their English equivalents, are clearly
of French derivation:
Lapome Apple
Lahash . Ate or hatchet
Ma-sah-chie Bad or wicked .
Le-bal Ball
Le-bis-kwee Biscuit or cracker
La-san-jel Belt
La-plash , Board ..- ' - ...
La-boo-tes Bottle
La-bleed Bridle
La-shah-del Candle
Se-ah-po Cap or hat
La-chase .' Chair . -
La-pool Chicken or grouse
Le-cock . Male bird -
Oe-aub Devil
La-pote Door
Le-doo Fingers
Le-pee Foot
La-poo-ah et Fork
La-po-el Frying-pan
La-mah Hand ,
L-mah-to Hammer -
La-tet Head
Co-sho Hog -":
Moo-la Mill
La-monte Mountain
La-boos Mouth
La-peep Pipe r
La-gome Pitch
Le-see-zo Scissors
Le-moo-to Sheep
Tenas bal Shot
Shan-tee Sing
La-tab Table
"The following words corns from the
Indian tongue:
Wake sl-ah ' Not far
Klootch-man Woman
Al-kt, By and by - - -
Chick-a-mln Money
Fotlateh A gift, to give
Kla-ta-wa Go
KIa-hbw-7a GoAd-bye, a general
salutation ..
Ik-tas Goods , and valu
ables
Suk-wa-lol Gun , -
Tai-a-pus Coyote
Mem-a-loose Dead .
Mow-itsh Deer
Lo-lo - Carry , .
Kaw-ook . Dog
Il-la-hee - Home- or country,
" : the earth
Mucks-muck Eat, food
Hi-ah ' Far off
Wh'H To fall, whim-stick,
a fallen tree '
I .-tan 7 Horse
O-io Hungry . :
"Though jargon has served Its place
and has been relegated to the back-.
ground, ft will' never become obsolete
nor suffered to meet oblivion as Jong
as there is a pioneer left who remem
bers the old days, the days of his own
and Oregon's youth."
Exceptions.
"J From the St. Louis Times.
The T il silent in golf, my dear."
Not the way that angry Englishman
is playing it with bis H's." "
The Sunday Journal
The Great Home Newspaper,
'consists of
Five news sections replete with
illustrated features '
Illustrated magazine of quality.
Woman's pages of - rare- merit
Pictorial . news supplement'-'
Superb comic section.
5 Cents the Copy