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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 9, 1914)
MAP OF ; ...... . . . ctg , I t crft : rs&$r. Petersburg Q - PARIS cV?bu)o 7 fAfcye " V V. - . fls 1 C..1-AN0 . ( X V This map shovs the boundaries POSTMASTER GENERAL GIVES THE POIR TO LIMIT MONEY ORDERS General Order Issued to All Postmasters to Safeguard Finances of United" States, Washington, Aug. 8. Postmaster General Burleson has Issued an order , Instructing postmasters that it Is not necessary for them to accept large foreign money orders. The rate on exchange has become so high In the last few days that many firms and Individuals doing foreign business turned to the postal service to transmit their money. The .post master general said In regard to this: "The treaties concluded by ' the United States with foreign countries give each posta administration power to suspend, temporarily, the exchange of money orders 'in case the course of exchange or any other circumstance jihould give rise to abuses, . or cause detriment to the postal revenue. VThe sudden and extraordinary ad vance In bankers' exchange due to the publlo apprehension of a general Euro FALL SUITS t- ; ' 1 - OUT PBZCa MAX MICHEL ''-' tTPSTAXBS ." V 4TB fc W ASS. EUROPE of the European countries and the pean war may lead to 'abuses' of the money order system, because of the much lower rates of conversion ob tainable at postoffices. Bar Against Speculation. "In these unusual circumstances, and until the return of normal condi tions, postmasters may decline to ac cept applications for International money orders when made for unusually large sums, and when there is reason to believe the orders are wanted for speculative purposes. In every case, however, Immediate report of the facta should be made to the office of the third assistant postmaster general, di vision of money orders." The high rate of foreign exchange and the closing of the New York stock exchange bears on the International money order business of the postoffice department to some extent. But the sale of International money orders for purposes not speculative Is being con tinued and American money orders in the average volume of $500,000 a day are being redeemed abroad. Balance Against America. American money orders payable In Europe exceed European orders pay able In the United States to the extent of about $300,000 a day. Under normal conditions the postoffice department purchases foreign exchange weekly to cover the balance against the United States. These purchases will not be made for the present. The accounts with - the European countries having money order conven tions with the United States and which are Involved in the present unsettled situation will be kept open until for eign exchange may be obtained at a reasonable rate. it. is .expected that the international money order service will be continued as usual notwith standing the abnormal conditions. QUEEN HELENA RETURNS (Br the International Kewa Service,) Rome, Aug. 8. Queen Helena, who returned with her children to the Qulrinal today, in order to be near' the king during the present situation. aid: "My place In case of danger is beside my husband." Accompanying the queen and her three children was her sister-in-law. Princess Natalie, of Montenegro. Nearly SO per cent of the alcohol made In Germany comes from potatoes. THE ! OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAU PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, AUGUST 9. 1914. SHOWING PLACES principal cities In each country. In out and OF TRIPLE ALLIANCE ARE OUTCLASSED BY FOES With Great Britain in War, Naval Strength Is With the Triple Entente. London, Aug. 8. Great Britain's declaration of war against Germany has decided the question of naval su premacy. when it was a question be tween the Triple Alliance and France and Russia there was no great dis erenancy between the strength of navies. The difference was small enough to leave the question of sea supremacy in doubt, but .wnn ureat Britain in the general conflict the Triple Alliance's navy is completely overawed. The 1914 edition of the Naval An nuaL edited by Viscount Hythe, has just been published. By effective fighting ships, tne Annual aeiines those which are classed under the head of battleships and cruisers. In the first group are placed modern battleships, battle cruisers, and older battleships; the second group contains first class and light cruisers. Another category, one 1n which the navies of Rtissia and France more than hold their own against the com bined navies of the Triple Alliance, according .to tha Annual, Is torpedo flotillas. Hera the Franco-Russian alliance actually outnumbers Germany, Anstria-Hungary and Italy. If the enormous flotilla of Great Britain be added in, the Triple Alliance la hope lessly outclassed. t Battleship and Cruisers. Viscount Hythe gives 76 battleships to the Triple Alliance, Including those beinr built, contributed as follows Germany 48, Austria-Hungary 13, and Italy 15. Against them Russia has 19 battleships and France 31, a -total of 60. including those under construc tion. In the same class Great Britain COMBINED NAVES addition, the several places where military operations thus far have occurred are designated. This map use it for reference when subsequent news of later campaigns is published. Is credited with 82. In the cruiser! claSs, built and building, the Triple Alliance's combined strength is 84 ves sels, more than half the number being German, and the combined strength In these vessels of France and Russia Is 62. Great Britain's strength In cruisers Is 127. When the comparison comes to tor pedo destroyers, torpedo boats, and submarines, France's activity in this style of construction gives the Franco Russian alliance a great advantage. In destroyers, Germany. Austria-Hungary and Italy combined could mus ter but 217 vessels against 228 com manded by their opponents when all the vessels laid down by both parties shall have been completed. And of submarines the Triple Alliance could collect but 73, whereas France alone has a larger number, 93, and with Russia s equipment the total is brought up to 136 underwater craft.. Austrian Torpedo Boats. In torpedo boats the advantage Is slightly the other way. Austria Is particularly strong In these craft, pos- sessing 85, or more than are found in the navies of either Great Britain or Germany. Germany and Italy bring the total up to 207, while the Franco Russian combination total only 178, even with ; France's strong: equipment of 153 torpedo boats. In the matter of torpedo flotilla strength. Great Britain has contributed 238 destroyers, 70 torpedo boats and 96 submarines. Looking to the future, the Naval Annual says: "At the end of 1916. we (Great Britain) shall have 41 modern battle ships, as compared with 23 for1 Ger many and 33 for the Triple Alliance. At the end of 1916 we sttould have 46 shins completed, Germany 26, and the Triple Alliance 36, though it is possible that Austrian ships laid down this year may be completed in 1916. At thai miiI of both vears it should be noted that the strength of he Franco Russian alliance in this class of ship will nearly equal that or Germany." KING ALBERT IS HEROIC Brussels, Aug. 8. King Albert, be fore his departure to the front to lead the Belgian forces, in addressing; the people, said: "Before the . Germans can. annihilate our army they will have to pass over my noay. ' INVOLVED IN WAR DURING WEEK TINY LUXEMBURG HAS FIGURED AS POIR OF NATIONS SINCE 1308 German Invasion of Inde pendent Duchy a Violation of Treaty of 1867. London, Aug. 8. Tiny Luxemburg, which was Invaded by the German army, has figured In more political transactions than any piece of land of equal slxe anywhere, and has often been the key of the Deaca of nations. At various times It has belonred to Belgium and to Holland. Germany has been its sovereign and several times the concerted nations hav de- ciareu it neutral, it Is neutral terri tory now, according to the terras of th London International treaty of 1867, and the German Invasion violates the terms of the treaty to which both Germany and England subscribed. On a war may you will find Luxem burg at the point where Germany. France and; Belgium touch. It lies south and west of the Prussian Rhine province, north of France and east of Belgium. German Lorraine also touches it on the south. Politically it Is a grand duchy and has an army of 850 soldiers. Its 236,000 people are mostly of German origin, speak a corruption of both German and French and are Catholics. Grand Duchess is 29 Team Old, Luxemberg lies on a slant, its east ern and southern portions being on the plateau of Lorraine and the west ern and northern portions high up In the Ardennes. In the lower portions the land is remarkably fertile. Its area Is 998 square miles. Commercially Luxemburg is of con siderable importance. Its crops are cereals, grapes and frnlts, and stock raisins; .Is an Important Industry. The great product Is iron ore. in 1&91 there were 75 iron mines in operation. employing 4700 persons and producing 4,600,000 tons of ore. Copper, anti mony and lead are found and there Is a large output of building stone. There are 290 mlies of railways In the grand duchy, lis steel mills em ploy 6000 persons and its manufac tured products foot up about $19,000, 000 a year. For commercial purposes It has formed a part of the German zollvereln for . many years. The ruler of Luxemburg is a here ditary monarch, and the country is a constitutional monarcny. The original constitution was promulgated in 1848, and revised twice since then. The executive power is vested in a min ister of state, and there is an elected council of state. Its present ruler is Grand Duchess Marie, who is 20 years old. She became the head of the grand duchy two years ao,. and Is the youngest of Europe's sovereigns. What Is now Luxemburg came into political prominence in 1308, when it was a part of the Holy Roman Em pire. When Count Henry was elected to fill the imperial throne- in that year, John, the Blind, his son, became king of Bohemia, to which the ter ritory then belonged. Wenceslas be came ruler of the little province In 1363, and It was raised to the rank of a duchy. Luxemburg was pos sessed by Burgundy in 1442 and then fell Into the hands of Spain through one of the many intrigues that dis torted European politics for several centuries. Baeame Independent la 1867. Austria got it In 1713, and nearly century later It was transferred to Franc as a portion ef a war Indem nity. It was first made a grand duchy In 1816 by the congress of Vienna, and entered the personal sovereignty of the king of. the Neth erlands as Indemnity for the loss of Nassau. The little duchy had to play shuttle cock again in 1831, when It was cut in half and divided between Belgium and Holland, the latter retaining little more than the capital city, from whloh the duchy was named, until 1839, when a treaty of the powers at London formed what is new Luxem burg. It passed back to the king of Hol land at the dissolution of the German confederation in 1866. and Holland tried to sell 'it, but Bismarck pre vented It. Then came , the treaty of 1867, and It became a neutral state. is offered Journal readers with Three times since then conferences of the nations have perpetuated Luxem burg as a neutral state, and It was Germany that first violated the agree ment. It was upon tne accession of Adolphus, duke of Nassau, to the throne In 1890 that Luxemburg passed from the personal union with the Netherlands and assumed its place among the Independent monarchies of central Europe. The armies of King William of Prussia marched through Luxemburg The Hotel A city home for citizen or traveler, located in the very hert of Portland. Cheerful, luxurious guest rooms ; an open court, with vine-clad verandas and sun parlors ; a dining room and grill famed around the world for their excellence. , BREAKFAST 6:30 TO 12 WEEKDAY LUNCHEON 21 130 TO 2 AFTERNOON TEA 3:30 TO 6 TABLE D'HOTE DINNER 5:30 TO 6 SERVICE IN THE GRILL .TO 1 A. M. Delightful Orchestral Music Throughout pinner Hours and Evening Tke Portland Hotel . C. J. KAUFMANN, Manager ra.rm.ira.B-a r kt Ls.n-i r,-t rn, rr:, r,-a t,- the suggetion that they eat it 44 year ag-o at th outset ef the Franco-German war. . - Mllltaata Declare Trace. : London, Aug, 8. A spark of bright ness in the prevailing gloom was the issuance of a manifesto by the mill' tant suffragette organisation, the W. 8. P. V.. announcing that no asts ot militancy would occur until the crisis has passed. Scarcely a newspaper gave space to the announcement. : ff fr .UMsb. of Portland r.- r.-a rr- c-a r,-.. j