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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 13, 1913)
1 ... t THE OREGON DILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, , SATURDAY EVENING, VCEMBER 13, 1913. mE JOURNAL W-FhKPBVDItNT NEWSPAPER y- ' w-woi i-cn.hc iulilUli2 " ararjr, tv.nlu SuimIio a v. 4 , aaerr Sunday mornlDK t The Journal Hull'l ' tnr. Rmixtwar and Yamhill uta.. I'ortlanrt Or. " 'iuilrrwt at lUa puu.flli at I'urtlaud. Or, fur t . iraiumifiiati'Uiiauiili ma m aa Kt" ' aaaiiari establish or destroy the arbitrary ; ference between the two states Is power of underwriters and the as- that Ohio makes state insurance of eofciated companies to fix rates, it 'workmen compulsory, while in Ore- has a further significance, for If '. gon it is optional. the supreme court holds that Kan ! kl.kfUlth:M . fclul,. 7I7H: lliltUd. A-6'lAl. . Tali tha oparatAr Vhit jWrrfmrtit yiW want. 'OltkitiM AUVKlU'lSlNii ' KUl'HIvM'iN I ATI v a 823 Flfto euae, New. York; $1 I'eople s Uaa Rullrfln-, Clilcnio. ' ; ...J uuacm.l4.a lariur ttf am 1 1 or 10 an uUdivaa Si Uf linttad Sutua or Mexico; i DAILY ' Om raar ;..,..B.OO T Oua month I i Oo nr- ...... f 2.60 I Ona month . r Daily and sunpay Ooa Xr ?7JK) Od month I sas has the power to regulate rates, the decision will be an opening wedge fti establishing the right' of a state to regulate the charges of &HV,.. private business when that! J OREGOX CITY'S ELECTION M EMBERS of the legal profes sion say that, as a general proposition, law is crystallized fommojijBjBpteJudKa Camp- TIIE CUHKENCY IJILL 59 It doesn't matter how many tumbles you have In life so long as you do not get dirty when you tumble. Huxley. u-ii i . . - i" "fit "' -II run -1a nnnstriiPd in h nnMln i ue" Kel1'8 10 nave aaoptea mis aen service. nition in his decision, refusing to aeciare vom uregon uity b election which resulted in making that city "dry." He held that the county ENATOIt HITCHCOCK of Ne- clerk had the right to place the braska offered an amendment local option measure on the ballot. to the currency bill, the votei This ruling is important -In view on which will be a fair indica-;of Judge Galloway' recent finding tlon of the alignment of senators. 1 that Salem's election on the liquor The proposed amendment limits the Question was void for the reason number of regional banks to four, that it was not held at the time of and substitutes public ownership of a general state or city election S CITY EXPENSES COMPARED CIGURES compiled by the census bureau show that the cost of I governing cities is steadily in , , creasing. In 1911- It cost j -1928,211,013 to govern 193 Anierl- can cities with populations of 3 0, 000 or more. In 1912 the cost of t government in these cities Increased ; to 1972,357,661. The increase was ! 4.8 per cent. The gross indebted- - ness of tjjese same municipalities iU 1912 waa 12,829,802,361, an in- crease of 7.4 per cent over 1911. ( There are 38 cities in the United - States with populations of 100,000 to 300,000, and tha census bureau's : - figures on these cities are inter- esting locally because Portland is one of them. In 1S12 the total receipts from revenue were $9,626,973 in Port J land. Only two other cities of the same class had greater revenue re ceipts. Seattle had receipts of ' $11,401,021, and Kansas City's re ! ceipts were . $9,801,069. Only four i other of the 38 cities had receipts in excess of $6,000,000. Portland j was first in this group with re ; ceipts of $4,132,350 from general property taxes. Providence, Ithode j Island, was second, and Denver was ? third. Seattle's general property : tax was $3,925,810, and St. Paul collected $2,868,930. Under the census bureau's class! ijcation of "payments for the cost t of. government" Portland's total of $12,469,020 placed this city sec 1 pad ' only to Seattle, whose total was ?i3,Z34,4Yt. umana ana Kan I sas' City, were third and fourth in V the list', and only five other cities spehtNln excess of $6,000,000. The $ money came frpjj general taxes j earnings of publi utilities, bond i sales, and cash balances carried over from, 1911. Portland's current expenses were the stock and government control of these institutions for bank owner ship and government control pro vided T)y the bill. The Hitchcock amendment fol lows the recent suggestion by Frank A. Vanderlip, president of the Na tional City bank, New York. The The supreme court will decide between the two judges. The Issues were the same in both cases. The ! Salem case was decided by the lower court on the contention that cities whose 'elections occur in December must vote on local option either at. the December election or at a gen- big Wall Street banking houses areeraI 6tte election in November, unalterably opposed to the regional Judge Campbell held that the law reserve idea. They want everything 'does not distinguish between a spe- job, possibly hungry, certainly un happy, is untouched by the Christ mas spirit? Now is the time to -think of the poor, the 111, the unfortunate. Now is the time to relieve distress. Now is the time to come forward as sup porters of the great cause of hap piness. It is so easy to make others j glad. There are many charitable j QrgAnUatlQDB .AnPoriland any pt PERTINENT COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF . SMALL) CHANQIS . Tho world la ever fuller of wonder The bargains are all , right if one nap me price 10 spare, . a Mrs. Fankhurat and her coterie of militants aeem to De playing; out. I a which will willingly act as your l ' agent. They stand ready to receive - n.ew pictures or mm ar peing pup . j 1 1. .! ....v juur uuuuiuuuuu luu umca it. wucio a a tns need is greatest. But the method of giving is not so important as the fact of giving. It is Immaterial whether Christmas gifts pass through an organization, but it is material that they be given. With Christmas less than two weeks away, remember this: Port land is no, longer a village. There is distress in the city of which the average person has no knowledge. The Journal speaks for all Portland n urging that Christmas cheer be carried into every Portland home. It is because the charitable organ izations know of the cheerless homes that these organizations should be provided with an emer gency fund at this time. The right sort of person can da well anywhere, but nowhere on earth better thun in uregon. Most men elected to office do better, after all, than those who were beaten would nave done. a a Of the 1793 kinds of advice that are of no use, that to Christmas buyers is piouaoiy most useless. a a Farmer got 126.85 for a veal, but after buying- a little dressed he says mm wuun i nail enougn. a a "OreKon is one of the loveliest places on earth," declares a noted author, go sii y almost all perceptive people, a a It seems that members of theWon Klein family were unusually smart, yet couldn't take care of themselves, a a The beauty and utility of the fine livestock and poultry shows are that tens of thousands of people can do like wise. to center in New York, as in the past, and if their central bank pro gram, embodied in the Aldrich plan, is not possible, the Wall Street bankers wish the number of re gional reserve banks to be kept as small as possible. The other feature of the Hitch cock amendment, public ownership and government control of the re gional banks, is apparently a sub cial and a general election so far as the question at issue is con cerned. This difference of opinion is a question for lawyers and Judges to decide, but there is a larger propo sition in Judge Campbell's ruling which appeals to the ordinary Indi vidual. He held that the liquor in terests' demand for an order setting iside the county court's declaration Dr. Anna Howard Shaw says Sawdust can "be made into sugar, says r. , j ' . T,rii . i . I a British scientist. Perhaps that will President Wilson lost a great op- i muke u fine health sweetening for saw- nortunitv hv not recommendlne wo- u cerem hiuii. terfuge. Mr. Vanderlip proposed of the election's result came too this when he realized that the cur rency bill would pass congress. He late. He said the brewers and sa loonkeepers might have had a stand- 'r t $3,410,355, compared with Seattle's ' $5",4T?,2.96; Kansas City's $1,767, ' 752, "Denver's $4,694,341, and Louis- ville's $3,512,010. Twelve of the : 38 cities spent in excess of $3,000,- : s 000 on current expenses. I Portland was second in this group Of cities as to money expended on . ; permanent improvements. This city's total; was $7,763,395, compared f With $7,79.0,050 spent by Omaha, : $5,958,937 spent by Seattle, $5, : 198,077 Bpent by Kansas City, and $4,211,604 spent by Denver. Eight I of the 38 cities each made cxpehdl tures in excess of $3,000,000 on j permanent improvements. This city was third in the list r as to bonded indebtedness, Seattle t being" first and Jersey City second. , However, this comparison is some i what misleading as to the entire list of 38 cities. Portland's im : provement bonds are classed as a 4 general indebtedness, when both '.principal and interest are payable by property owners whose property has been bonded. For this reason, i Portland's interest Item was $1, ' 295,270, an amount exceeded only ; by Seattle and Jersey City. The per capita receipts from reve i nue were $41.50 in Portland, the per capita expenditures were $53.16, :. and the per capita net indebtedness j Of the city was 448.GS. Portland spent more per inhabitant than any f other city in its class. Seattle was ., second with per capita expenditures 5 of $47.71. The average for 193 cities with populations of 30,000 or v more was $33.22. Portland's per capita net indebt edness of $48, 6S is compared with Seattle's $78.15, Omaha's $109.23, Los Angeles' $101.26, and an aver age of $68.75 for the 193 cities. objected to the banks being re- lnS J co nal they asked, before quired to subscribe for stock in the;the election, for a restraining order roTinnsl hanks nnd nttomntpd to i i prevent iue county cierK irom , v , . y ..... . A- - shift the financial burden to the general public, the banks taking such stock as might not be ab sorbed by the people. There is little probability that the Hitchcock amendment will appeal to a majority of the senators. The Chicago Tribune has taken a poll of the senators on this proposition. This poll shows 47 Democratic sen ators avowedly against the aniend- placing the local option measure on the ballot. There were no charges of fraud In the election, and Judgo Camp bell refused to review the action of the county clerk or of the county court, holding that In the absence of (fraud allftEratlons tha nresinnntion Is that tho law was observed. This view of the situation fol lows the dictates of common sense. It is an established principle of law man suffrage in his message. Well, the suffrage question is taking care of itself, and our present president has not acquired the habit of Jump ing onto the band wagon with the sole purpose of heading the procession. A "Back-to-the-Chlld" movement is announced. Mightn't a Back-to-the-Urandparents' movement be more in order? a a Even the circus proprietor and their intelligent animals have come to con sider Portland as altogether an ideal wintering place. OREGON SIDELIGHTS Percy Brown, Silverton booster, quot ed in the Salem Statesman, saya his town has spent 1260,000 on public im provements In th past three years. Sumpter American: Not a alot ma chine running in the town and aaloona all closed Sundays is a good indica tion guvp.Bter.Jll fowpini. with tbj ., Brownsville's Commercial club has CO recruits as the result of a membership IN EARLIER DAYS ' By Fred Lock ley. During the past 20 years I havs taiira to scores of forty-rilnera. I have met tliera In abandoned and long- forgotten mining campe in Idaho and Montana, on the park benches of San Diego or Aiigeies, at jacKsonviiie, at gump ter, on the beach at Nome. Alaska . Anyji. ..Greek, ,Td..in. hpime9teAaeXs'iCajalM i cjnuie districts. . Hecently I spent an afternoon with Cv contest Just closed. .A banquet will beIMUIky at the Soldiers' hom. at Bose- neid xuesaay nignt to ceieDrate. mo ourgr. cy la a forty-niner. He la mnr a nn-man t,i t Irwri v. . . . . . augmentation. In this time of Christmas giving; the Eugene Register asks: "Might not a few landlords do their part by slipping a receipt for a months rent into the stocking of some needy one?" , - 1 This shows how good a booster the Milton Eagle can be: "This valley can boast of thriving eucalyptus trees, per simmons, almonds and raspberries tho latter part of November. The Walla Walla valley for climate and also the products." a a Crop note b or wood burn than a forty-niner, he la a fortviht.,. for he visited Captain Sutter at his fort where the city of Sacramento now stands in July. 1848. - As a kaleidoscope Is made from do- ens oi ous or many colored glass which together form a harmonious whole so from the fragments of many a tale told m8 by the forty-niners I am going to try to present a picture of the days of old, the days of gold, the days of '49. iaie in JNOvember, 1846, a party of emigrants consisting of 14 famiiif fm y Hubbard . correspondent I Missouri arrived at Sutter's; fort. One IndeDendent: "December 'of tha man n, i j, , Senator Root of New York was awarded the Nobel peace prize for 1912 because of his method of handling American-Japanese dis putes. It is lucky for Root that he got the prize before his more re cent efforts to pacify Republicans and Progressives were undertaken. handled Just the same as those dug li: Kerjtember or October. While we in Oregon are digging potatoes, our friend in the enst are digging ana plowing snow and ice. December 11, farmers can be in the fields plowing and seed ing. How many states east cun glvo a report like that?" a m . Ill, Jini.JUII.I ,VLl III V. . HtMV-t .'tn . - avnnsary to be established at Ashland lor Homeless men, says: "i ne rear room has been fitted up with a stove ana will be made tolerably comfortable. Thfl boes' will be expected and compelled to cut their own woou. iMone will be allowed to remain over' one night, then they will be compelled to move on. Mr. porter aoes not lmena 10 inane me quar ters sufficiently attractive to draw transients to Ashland, but simply to prevent actual suffering." THE NEW DOCTRINE OF RECOGNITION m rvn f aoalnot At TJ nnii ltllrniia O ' . , e . . I that people must ask its protection Progressives, and Senator Hitch-: . r p T, , . , cock, a Democrat, 44 In all, In favor of public ownership. Senator La Follette's position could not bo learned, and three senators, two Democrats and one Republican, were absent from Washington. i at the proper time. If they do not, then law can give them no protec tion. In the Oregon City case the liquor interests made their first I fight at the election, and they lost, Then they appealed to the courts in tho hnnp thnt Rtrirt. construction of T I . 1 . J . I I. 1 L I ' ine oniy prupusuiou on wincu,,. flw wmi(1 avfl .. f..om there may be a split in tne Demo- ithe onug of defeat crauc ramts is umi guaranteeing Whothpr nr not .Tnrtw f!amnh11 has stated the law, the fact is clear that a majority of the people of Oregon City voted for the town to From the Detroit News. The pronouncements of a president are not infallible. He does not speak ex cathedra. His decisions are reversi ble by his successors or by the peoplo. No unimpeachable and infallible inspira tion hedges his words as though he were the chosen Vehicle by which the President Wilson's embargo on governmental wisdom is given his coun- assistance to Huerta should include j. ort his age. " what he enunciates , . . ,. 1 Is Just, and practicable, and serviceable. naru nquur. di6ci men man u stands. If time tests it unfavorably Mexican dictator have drunk them- it falls. The Monroe doctrine is not a selves to destruction. I doctrine because a president enunciated I it, but because it contains enough of " ,1... alntI,nnlo P ,...,,, , L-AAn It nil.... It is reported that Mr. Carnegie j and to makc ,t compu,sory on the" gooJ has given away all of his fortune , sense of the nation. "To the victor be- except $25,000,000. How fortunate , longs the spoils" was a political doc- ii uie oi equally mgii ueiiitiHe wiui many others, but it has been discarded at loast in theory because it is es sentially immoral. "A public office Is Seriously, now. why not ret that 1 a public trust" is another presidential Christmas shopping off your mind? doctrine which will stand, not because " 11 a president enunciated it, but because That was the doctrine of recognition as followed by this country. It continued to be tho "established policy" until now. But there arose another president who did not agree with this easy-going method of extending the right hand of fellowship to every buccaneer and as- flnsln whn fmicht t 'i . n V tnfn nnWAr and authority. In the year 1913 we seedu11 yellow flakes. He picked up sev eral Fremont and was sent to finnta. Clara for the winter. Mrs. Wetmer with her sven children remained all winter at Sutter's fort. "Early in the spring Weimer was sent with three others to get the effects of the cannabalistlc Donner party and in June his term of service with Fremont having expired he secured work with Captain Sutter and J-W. Marshall, who were building a sawmill at Coloma. Mr. Weimer was to oversee the work of the Indian laborers while Mrs. Weimer was to do the cooking. Among the Ameri cans who were working on the mill were J. W. Marshall, who was In charge of the work, Henry W. Blgler, a Mor mon, Aiariah Smith, Behnet and Scott, who were skilled carpenter, Stephens and Barger and Johnson and Brown, who did the rougher work such as fell ing the trees and whipsawing the lumber and Weimer with his crew of In dians. The Indians were at work digging a mill race. Each' night Marshall turned the water In to Tielp carry away the dirt and to enlarge the raoe. On the morning of January 24, 1848, after turn ing the water off so the men could re sume their work on the race, Marshall noticed on the bed rock across which the water was still trickling, some it 13 that once a year we think of God's patient poor. bank deposits. It is said a number of conservative Democrats will vote against this provision, but the pre diction is made that their votes will be offset by those of progres sive Republicans. It is now apparent that a Demo cratic caucus was necessary to se cure currency reform. The Demo crats have the power and the re sponsibility. They should not shirk the latter by refusing to use the former. 0 OHIO'S COMPENSATION ACT be dry, and that by the only known test It should remain dry until there is another vote. SMUGGLING BY AEROPLANES s IIIO has what experts pro nounce the most advanced workmen's compensation act in the United States. The law goes into effect January 1, after , places and when the aviator lands which it will become mandatory I .., , hia -.inA fails upon every employer of five or more fn(.rimlnatin evidence. persons to protect his workers with , In the meantime confederates pick MUGGLINO by aeroplane Is giv- ing much concern to the reve nue authorities of France and Germany. It is said that the transportation of goods across the border is a simple matter for the flying tax evader. After entering a country by the air route, the smuggled articles, en closed in protected packages, are dropped to the ground at appointed state insurance. The Buckeye state has entered the liability insurance field on a large scale. It is estimated that more than 20,000 employers, whose up the smuggled articles and evade detection. The Paris newspapers predict a considerable reduction in customs mvnnufl for the ensuing year. They employes aggregate moio man i,- Bnv .,, Fpfin(.h e0vernment has al Letters From the People it is true. (Comitiuulcatlon ent to Tha Journal for pub. lleutloQ lu IUU department should be written ca only one flila of tut paper, sliould not exceed Buo word lu length and must be accompauied by the name and addles of the lender. 1( tha writer do not desire to hare tha naiaa pub lished, be ibuuld no itute.) "PlJcusslon Is the greatest ? N reformers. It rationalizes everything it touches. It roba principles of all false sanctity and throws them back on their reaaouubleuess. If they hra go reasonableness. It rutMeisly crusbea them out of exlstenca and sets up tta own conclusion la their stead. " Woodrow Wilson. Safe Railroad Crossings. Portland, Doc. 12. To the Editor of The JournalAnother life was-needlessly added last Tuesday to the already gruesome number of fatalities that have occurred at the railroad crossing on Ta coma aenue, at Willsburg. A north bound Shasta Limited ran down a de livery man employed by the Boyd Tea company. The man was instantly killed, while the horse was carried a block beyond, literally mashed to pieces. Two wheels and a pile of splinters aro all that is left of the wagon. At this crossing only those going In to Sellwood can see the approach of trains, and in one direction only, that being those southbound. There Is an old electric bell, but it has certainly seen better days, as It is out of order two-thirds of the time. It has been the custom of the writer and several others to report this bell, but it should In the message of President Wilson we find him squarely repudiating a doctrine of President Franklin Pierce. It is a doctrine of the recognition of other governments. In 1858 President Pierce said. "It i's the established policy of the United States to recognize governments without question of their source of or ganization or of the means by which the governing persons attain their power, provided t.iere be a government de facto accepted by the people of the country. . . . It Is the more im peratively necessary to apply this rule to the Spanish-American peoples In consideration of the frequent and not seldom anomalous changes of organi zation or administration which they undergo and the revolutionary character of most of the changes." a new doctrine taking the place of that of the year 1866. Laying down this choc trine. President Wilson says: "There can be no certain prospect of peace In America. . . . until It is understood on all hands that such pre tended governments willjiot be coun tenanced or dealt with by the govern ment of the United States. We are friends of constitutional government !n America; we are more than its friends, eral of the larger pieces). Marshall did not know what they were but thought they might be copper or gold. lie handed one of the larger pieces to Mrs. Weimer, who said, 'I'll put It In my lyo kettle and If It is gold It won't dis color.' She made soap that day and in the bottom of the soap kettle she found the bit of yellow metal as bright as ever. "Marshall gathered an ounce or more we ae its champions. . . . Even If 0f tne 8Ubstance ranging In size from ine usurper naa suceaeaea in nis pur-j . Djnh(,ad to a kernel of corn and took poses, in despite of the constitution!,, ln . Suttr' fort to s if It could of the republic and the rights of its people, he would have set up nothing but a hateful and precarious power. be gold. Captain Sutter tried it with some nitric acid procured from the gun smith. It was not affected. He then which could hae lasted but a little " whiio ann hTA v,,tr.,i nf,ii I weighed out enough on a scale to bal while, and whose eventful downfall would have left the country ln a more deplorable condition than ever." That is the new doctrine. President Pierce's doctrine was woven of indiffer ence to the liberties of the people of Spanish-America. Woodrow Wilson's doctrine Is woven of concern for their aiice three Mexican dollars and ih- merged the scale pans in a bowl of .wa ter. The scale pan with the yellow metal proved heavier. Finally Captain Sutter said 'It wis gold all right' Mar shall started at once for the mill In Bpite of the heavy rainstorm. Next day liberties. Which is the more ethical, Captain Sutter started for the mill. The the more humane, the more American, will not be a hard matter for any cltl zen to judgs. This is only another Illustration of how the proprieties of one generation become the proprieties of the next. Our widoWed and deepened and sharp ened moral sensibilities will not permit us to acquiesce in actions and attitudes that did not strike our fathers as im moral at all. conditions are discarded, and even the possessors of great wealth would not ask to continue their graft when they knew they could not bequeath it by in heritance and must leave it to the gov ernment after they have done with It. Justice may better be delayed than a radical revolution of destruction of life and property ensue. Sabotage, war and the like cannot take the place of peace ful negotiations, among evoluted human beings. C. W. BAUZEB. FIRE INSURANCE RATES If ANSAS has a law regulating fire insurance rates, and the act's constitutionality is being tested in the ruit'd states $upreme court. Kentucky has a similar law, and its validity will also be tested. Other stales have attempted to regulate the ' -uiness ef fire insurance, ami a decision in the Kansas case will duermlne whether state regulation of rates 1b possible. ' The Insurance companies contend j that a state has no power to rogu- late rates charged by a private I business concern. It Is asserted that if a state, can fix fire insur f ance rates it can regulate charges J for any professional service or for J any "commodity. It is denied that .' auch, regulation is. in any sense an essential or proper exercise of the I state's power to protect public or V Individual Interests. Kansas claims that firo insur- ance is a practical necessity, that It Is a public service as much as f that' of ; a common carrier, and therefore subject to public cegula ,r tlon. v' ' ') .y- Tha case Is of Importance In Its '.wlaUoa to tire Insurance.. It will 000,000, will be affected by the new law. The state 'will collect be tween 13,000,000 and $5,000,000 annually to build up a fund from which compensation will be paid to Injured workmen or to dependents of persons killed in the pursuit of their employment. The law includes ln Its list of Lbeneficiaries public employes not officials or tne state, counties, cities, townships, villages and school districts. Under Ohio's old law compensa tion was paid for only about 20 per cent of the injuries and deaths. Un der tho new act every injured em ploye will receive medical attention and compensation for the time lost after the first week of the disability, fljnd in tho event of death his de pendents will be cared for. A feature of the Ohio plan is a provision in the law which reduces the rate of insurance of an em ployer in the degree that he pre vents accidents, instead of compell ing all employers of a given class to pay the same rate. Ohio em ployers will have a strong incentive to provide safe places of employ ment, for the accident experience will be a factor In rate making. The new law clothes the indus trial commission with broad powers in the matter of regulating the hours of labor and of requiring safety appliances. These powers In clude the right to say how long women and children shall work, and also the right to gather data upon a minimum wage for female workers. The commission's powers embrace nearly everything connected with the protection of the life, health, safety and welfare of employes, ex cept those engaged in domestic ser vice or ln agricultural , pursuits which do hot Involve the use, of mechanical power.: i, Ohio will attempt to do wjth one law what Oregon Is attempting with t,wo enactment. The principal dif- ready lost large sums of money be cause of .the aeroplane smugglers. Two remedies are suggested sim plification of the tariff schedules, or the use of aeroplanes by revenue officials in chasing the smugglers and patrolling the air near national boundaries. It was inevitable that the flying machine should be used for 'evil as well as good purposes. Few inven tions by man have not had the same experience. However, the remark able thing about the aeroplane is the apparent fact that it is being put into practical use' by lawbreak ers before it has developed an es tablished economic value ln law abiding pursuits. THE EMPIT STOCKINGS HALL there be empty stockings in Portland Christmas morn ing? The Journal thinks there should not be; It Is convinced there will not be if Portland people realize what an empty stocking means. Various Individuals are busy pre paring more cheer for those who are already cheerful.. Various or ganizations are busy ln an effort to carry the Christmas spirit into homes where it may, not go unas sisted. The Journal stands ready to assist such worthy enterprises. This paper urges all people who have, to think of the others who have not. There will be a big Christmas tree in the down town district. But it must not be the whole thing, nor one twentieth of the whole thing, that Portland people will do to make Christmas a joyous festivity. The empty stockings must be filled; there must be no bitter disappoint ments Christmas morning in Port land. ' Is Portland going to celebrate the, joyous holiday ln the good old wayTj Can a single" Portland pei son be, really happy on that day If another person, perhaps without a R. A. Booth's Candidacy. Portland, Dec. 11. To the Editor of The Journal I note that Mr. Magladry to n..natinv tha rflTlllldilV - Of R. A. hardly seem necessary to keep telling a i Bootn of Eugene for the United States company like the Southern Pacific to I ..... nnri -.. ReernH to be a local af- keep its property in order. Once when falr wjthout the unanimous support the bell was reported the writer wasjof t'ne Deopie 0r the press ln general. I impudently told, "We will repair theidon.t dOUbt the straightforwardness of bell when we get around to It." Pos- j jir. Booth, and I do not Intend to make elbly it takes an accident or two to wake some corporations up. All the accidents so far have been from northbound trains, that in speed have Casey Jones' record beaten a mile. Such' speed as that at which these trains travel should not be allowed ln the city limits. There Is a surprising amount of travel over this crossing, and the lives of school children, pedestrians, delivery men and stock are constantly in dan ger. Automatic rjars sucn as are usea any statement misrepresenting him or Mr. Magladry, but th thing looks sus picious, considering tne source irora wiiich this enthusiasm comes. Mr. Mag mdrv has been a friend of Mr. Booth for 25 years, since a time when he was at the lever and Magiaary at. ine uess, nH hnth in the employ of the Kelly Lumbering company, later known as the Booth-Kelly Lumber company, locaiea in Lane county. Nobody objects to Mr. Magladry's acting as spokesman for up right men, or big men, or advo6atlng that they should represent the people YOUR MONEY Vj John M. Osklson. It may take a few more lives to prove it, but certainly the bell would be far more useful tuken down, as people de pend on it, and forfeit their lives In re turn. A. J. D. on Hawthorne avenue are needed here, j wat tney -J t mot toL-A a taw m nro von in nrrtva - - - . .. , . providing he has tne interest oi iyt public at heart, tsui u peuyiu u uu Ject to placing in a legislative body the big man who holds stock in th6 privilege-seeking industries. As Mr. Booth has been closely allied with big inter ests, namely, two banks and two lum bering companies in soumern ui""' ta still holding Btock in the Booth- Kelly Lumber company, this is enough to make the voters of Oregon suspicious as to whose Interests he would seek to serve. The voters oi uregon buouiu ask themselves on which side Mr. Booth, as a big business man, would stand ha in the United States senate. I would like to ask Mr. Magladry if his choice for United states senator is the same Mr. Booth who was Implicated in a government land deal of a question able nature, while he was ln the em ploy of the Booth-Kelly Lumber com pany" AISO, uia no litis uiutuai the land office at KoseDurgT CHARLES D'HEIRRT. State Socialism. Portland, Dec. 12. To the Kditor of The Journal And now we are to have government ownership (state socialism) of the railway mall cars, telephones, tel egraph, express (through parcel post), Alaskan coal mines, timber and yater powers (in forest reserves), and even Alaskan railways. This, after 20 years of agitation, education and exhortation of the masses by the socialists, has Just crawled through the pates of our wise congressmen and is belnsr dragged out of its hole, where capitalist politi cians have kept It concealed from their view. State socialism is coming in these United States, not for the sake of the people, as Socialists would have real socialism, but as a makeshift to save the profit-mongers part of the loot they have extracted from the public and the hides of the working class through their ownership of the legislatures and courts of the land. It does not fulfill the demand made by Socialists, and it will not -for one mofhent stop their agitation for a co operative commonwealth where profit taking will be transformed into profit sharing: "The practical Socialist sees very much Rained even in this step toward the ending of the profit system. It will be much easier to make the people see and understand they are being; robbed, when the government owns and op erates all the industries and the leeches of society take their blood directly by I a bonded indebtedness. Laws can be ! enacted by legislators captured by So cialists, and non-lnheritanca laws can be made to dispossess those who have, through a false system, robbed the peo ple. - ,. Society' may even, with common con sent, .demand ' that- Interest on bonds cease and some sort of pensioning be made to take (Is place. The abnormal ity of man will yield when abnormaj. Taxation in Clackamas County. Clackamas, Or., Dec. 12. To the Ed itor of The Journal I have read ln The Journal an article on iax assessments in Oregon, at an average of 66 per cent. That may be true about the rest of Oregon, but Clackamas county Is dif ferent aitogexner. ouw ii h .massed 65 per cent, but the farmers in the northern part of the county aro assessed from 200 to 250 per cent cash value' Some of the farms don't bring enough rent to pay taxes and no amer ence Is made lh rocks or hill land. 'It ia nil assessed the same. That la the reason that Clackamas county is on th Btandstill. No eastern farmer of any business ability will Invest under such conditions. There Is property here that has been raised ln taxable value 600 per cent ln 19 years, not because the land la worth more, but some fool im proved it and must pay a fine for the rest of hla-life, and' after ihe la dead someone else will be skinned, and If he la unable to pay that fine, the county oourt Will sell tha land to aoma other victim, , , OESHARDUS, I saw somewhere the other day a crisp, true saylsg: "Any one who spends less than he eajyjs, saves the difference, and who Pays as he goes is on the plain road to independence." When I read that saying I thought of my friend Smith, who had'told me the day before that he was moving from the shop he then occupied (a two-room shop on the fifth floor of a rather dingy building) to one in which he would have twice the room, located In a modern manufacturing building. Smith is an expert worker in stained and leaded glass. About nine years ago ne arrived ln New York and went to work for one of the well known firms which supply this sort of glass. About five years ago Smith quit his Job, threw, ln with another worker in the same line, and the two set up u tiny shop of their own. Smfth had saved more, money than the other fellow. Three years ago Smith's partner wanted to get married. It was a dull time in the stained and leaded glass business, and the partner had a chance to go back to work for the company which had formerly employed him. He sold out to Smith (who had insisted upon saving something out of every profit they had made) for enough to pay his wedding and setting-up house keeping expenses. Then Smith assumed the whole responsibility of running- the little business. Smith's first move was to take even smaller quarters and reduce the work ing force from three to two men, for ne aian i mean to let expenses run ahead of income even for a moment. For two years Smith had hard sled ding; he was business getter, shop su perintendent, and designer, and on cer tain Jobs he did a large share of the shop work. But his work was good and his prices were fair. The volume of his business increased steadily, and during the last year he has been seek ing just ine rigni location zor bis en larged shop. Smith never allowed a debt to hang over him; he saw to it that he spent less than he took in; he believed ln himself and he has gone a lona: way aiong ine piaii) roaa to independence. Pointed Paragraphs Salf-love l not only blind, but It's in curable. a a No woman ever looked at matrimony from a man's point of view. Most of us spend more time than money for good and sufficient reasons. a a Many a olerk falls to see an oppor tunity because he keeps his eyes on the clock. a It takes an experienced traveler to tell about tho things he saw that he didn't,.,:-',. . A conceited mantis never ao happy as when he is given an. opportunity to plan, hla conceit on exhibition, , ; water was shut off and It was found that there was considerable coarse gold on the rocky bottom of the mill race. Captain Sutter told the men that it was gold bull urged them not to mention the fact till the mill was completed. The workmen put in all their spate time picking up the nug&ets and coarser gold dust. A teamster secured a spoon ful and tying it In a rag went to the fort for supplies. Captain Sutter was very strict about allowing his men and particularly the Indians to have liquor. Two Mormons, named Sam Brennan and George Smith, had a little store called the 'Shirt-tall store. They traded liquor, tobacco and trade goods for hliles and tallow. The teamster from the mill went to their store, calfed for a bottle of brandy, and threw down his rag ln which was the gold dust, ln payment. A dispute arose as the teamster con tinued to assert that it was gold. Fin ally he said: "If you think I am a liar take it to Captain Sutter and see what he says." Smith did so and came back and accepted it ln payment for the bottle of brandy. The news was out. Henry Blgler at the mill put ln all his Sundays picking up nuggets and found that he could find them almost anywhore along the river. He wrote to . ... .. 1 1 . I. . VTs.t-.Mn,. some ot tne otner uuy m mo brigade, among them Martin, Green and Evens. They told Hudson, Willis and Fiefield, who came at once to where Blgler was at work. On March 11, the sawmill started running. A party of Mormons, con sisting of Jesse B. Martin. Ephriam Green Israel Evans, Wllford Hudson, Sidney Willis and Ira Willis, started prospecting and discovered what was later called Mormon Island. ln one day they picked out of the cracks in the bed rock where the water had washed the gravel away over 250. One ot the party found that by putting the gravel in an Indian basket made of grass roots and shaking it ln the water the gravel and dirt would wash away and the gold remain. The others secured Indian baskets while those who couldn't get Indian baskets used wooden chop ping bowls or secured tin milk pans and tn discovery of the miner's gold pan like the discovery of gold Itself, was an accident. T.at in the fall of 1848, on the Knapp . ranch in Tuolumne county, a nugget was found weighing 396 ounces, worth over $8500. In 1849, on Sullvan s creeit, a miner unearthed a nugget weighing 408 ounces. Big nuggets were reported from many sections. A nugget worth more than a thousand dollars was found near Georgetown in Illinois gulch in El Dorado county, and shortly there after a still" larger one ln Georgia slide in Hudson's gulch. W. L. Wode, of Salem, Or., picked up a nuggei on ouoii. bar worth over $3000. A boulder of gold quartz was picked up on Pilot hill that brought over $8000. At Carson hilt near Angel's camp, in Calaveras county, a nugget weighing 2340 ounces was found. The lucky miner' who stumbled on it sold It for $43,634. W. A. Far-, rlsh found a nugget at Sierra Buttes which weighed 1596 ounces and for which he received $17,655 and so from Hangtown and Feather river, from Scott's bar and French ravine and from dozens of other localities came the word of rich diggings and each new discovery k ortii,.ri to the fame of the gold fields and' brought thousands of eager gold seekers from the 'our corners of the earth." Soon 92 per cent of California's and they were all young men. There were no gray haired forty-niners in those days. Butter was ruined financially. His posesslons wera . . .n,nu xi m li v ai nn a small Den- sion ln Pennsylvania and died in 1880 in Washington, D. C. J. W. Marshall died In poverty, an unhappy Tecluaa Bennett lies burled at Salem, Or. None of those who discovered the goldaaped-; the benefit of their discovery. :. - i
