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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 19, 1913)
8 THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 19, 1913. THE'JOURNAL t. a Jackson . Pvkltabvr Kinyii MDltU I tt). lwriiMF ml Ybmt.. pwtlBd. Or, lcnin t ,k itnfnr t PorrUtd. Or- tor tmwmlMloa thruuub lb mull wcoDd elm att. . . lkl.EMMiilvira u . in T17S: Horn. A 90S I i.ntmUi. n.,hd hr thrn Dumber TU mmMr wkil pprtrt rug wt. Bajts KMUMT Co., Brunss "!""" Z2A riTM, Mm Kw lOTSj SubacrlpUos Turn by mill or to gr 0Oi W IM turn SUtrt or Mexico; tin mm tmin I fin mantfc .M U1)!D1I Una Tmmr tS.ae I On month 28 DAILY. AiI SUXOaT t. p T SO I On month t .13 We whisper, and hint, Bud chuckle, and grin at a brother's shame; However wp brave It out, we men are a little breed. Tennyson. A rOKTLAXU UNE r N PORTLAND today, money is be ing subscribed for the establish ment of a steamship line between ST VI Lliill u aim i'" . The plan proposes the building on the banks of the Willamette river of ffve , steamships of a capacity o( not less than 4000 tons and costing 1200,000 each. All five ships are - to be completed before the expira tion of the year 1915. and construc tion is to begin before April 15. 19J4. ' The vessels must be registered at Portland and shall 0erate betweeu Portland and Atlantic ports. The plan was originated by Cap . tain Chilcott and has the indorse ment of special committees of the ' Chamber of Commerce, Commercial club and other commercial bodies. The subscriptions are for a bonus of $100,000 to be given by Portland to bring outside capital here to build the ships and operate the line. One '"' fifth of the bonus is to be paid on the completion of each vessel. Th Bubscription list is headed by Arthur Devers with a contribu tion of $1000. Other contributors - at thU time are, The Klrst National bank, by A. L. Mills. $1000, and the Eastern & Western Lumber company, by F. H. Ransom, $1000. There could be no better recom mendation of the plan than is im plied in the heavy contributions by Mr. Devers. Mr. Mills and Mr, Ran dom. All are conservative and care ful business men, who have undoubt edly given the Chilcott program thorough investigation. Their con tributions are not only a splendid example of their confidence in the plan, but a noble testimonal to their loyalty to Portland. With complete faith in the good business capacity and judgment of Mr. Devers, Mr. Mills and Mr. Ran som, The Journal hereby pledges $1000 to the bonus, conditioned only on the provision that the en tire $100,000 be raised. Such a steamship line, carrying Portland registry, sailing under the colors of Portland and known to the world as a Portland line, would be of more value to this city than an added transcontinental railroad. of its candidates for municipal, borough and county offices. Up state counties and even Long Island developed a revolt against Tarn many. In three important sections Boss Murphy found his candidates thrown into the political discard. Tammany politicians contend that the primary vote - is unimportant compared with polling at the gen eral electiou, but when Tammany ts defeated in such boss controlled cities as Buffalo and Rochester there cannot be much hope in the general election. While Tammany lost many of Its ural advantages that location gives tout of a moderate priced boiling it. The completed permanent road piece. ' along the river la the keystone in j Butchers say they have difficulty the arch, the basic stone in the In supplying their trade with the PERTINENT COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF more expensive cuts, and almost as great a difficulty in getting rid of the cheaper meats. structure, and the fundamental step to a permanent progress and un'lj al lied prosperity. Transportation is the key to de velopment. The remote community I That father has,, to, get in and! remains primitive until modern hump himself to .keep the house- transportation reaches it. The land hold going is evidenced by the an SMALL CUAKQfl Bigger things to do all the time, of course. may be rich, the products be tne best, but without transportation both lands and products are of little value. The trail was the Indian's kind of jnouncement that 100 society leaders in Chicago require $50,000 a year each for drees, and that the person al adornment of a few Chicago wo men costs $75,000 a year. strongholds in the state, it is not civilization. The wagon road marked safe to assume that the victory is Sulzer's. Sulzer has many sympa thizers in New York, but his stand ing with the people will be deter mined after trial of tho Impeach ment proceedings. The outcome of that trial may restore Sulzer to leadership or it may cast him into the discard, and final judgment will not be based upon the verdict of a Tammany legislature. New York has gained something through the Sulzer-Tammany fight. The voters of that state have been given a taste of the power a real primary law gives them. It is not robable that even Tammany can much longer hold the voters Impotent. the coming of man. The river boat, the steamship, the locomotive and the modern wagon road make pro duction easy, land more serviceable and men more effective in the af fairs of life. The Columbia highway is a splen did conception and ought to be ag gressively pushed. A professorship of city planning has been established at the Uni versity of Illionis. It come late, but Is a timely change from the old i order, In which, following the lines of least resistance, streets used to be laid out along the cow trails. The president happy vacation. deserves a restful, T UK PORTLAND KXAMPLK Letters From the People rXPAVKJ) BROADWAY I T IS 147 days since the Broadway bridge was opened to traffic. The structure cost $1.586.921.9(L Ten blocks of Broadway street between Union avenue and the east nd of the bridge, are unpaved. The stretch Is macadam, and the ontract for its upkeep has expired. Is it efficiency when the street leading to one of the greatest mu lct pal bridges in the west Is prac tically at par with a country road? What is the public status when it is an unpaved Rtreet that is the ap proach to a bridge for Which the people paid $1,586,921.90, and which which carries a traffic al ready heavy and constantly growing heavier. The stretch of street in question is almost exactly In the geographical center of the city of Portland. It 1b almost in the heart of a great metropolis and, instead of being badly Improved, it ought to be thor- oughly paved with the strongest au l bt&t paving to be had. How improvident to build a great viaduct at enormous cost, and then handicap its efficiency by allowing the street that leads to it to become a muddy road with the advent of winter rains? How absurd to spend $1,586,- 921.90 for a bridge and then, 147 days afterward, behold the spectacle of an unimproved street leading to it! Ever since 1905, the improvement of thiB stretch has been agitated. After eight years, the matter is still pending. It would only require five days for a good strong company to pave the whole stretch. Let our city commission prove tr. us that commission government is efficient. T HERK never was so much inter est as now in a greater Colum bia river. There never was so much in terest as now in a deeper entrance at the mouth of the river. (Commiiiilrtlou lent to Tb Journal for pub lication In thU department uould u written on only one tldu of the paper, ituould not exceed SOU word, lu length end uiunt b iccompnulrd l7 the neme mid nddrea of the lender. If the writer lt.en not desire to nuve the uaaie uut lllhrd, he nbould so atate.) "l)lBculon Is the greatest of all reformera. It rationalize everything It tourrfea. It roba prliir-thlea of all falae aauetlty and throws them liflt'k nn fhptr feu MiitiulilMiiuHH If thv huve mi mere never was SO mucn inter- rcanonabieneM it rutbleaaly rruhea tbom out est as now in the future of Port land ns a seaport. The fact that they are turning water Into the Panama canal and of existence and acts up ltn own conclusion, lu nieir amau. woudrow WlUon. Currency Reform. Portland Or.. Sept. II. To the Editor that ships will soon begin to pass K J'uri ,,-in ,ne wegwiian m- ia0 ij JJjI I II V ZAMACONA'S MISSION' gy ENOR ZAMACONA, Huerta's special representative in the a 1 United States, is learning that neutrality means something more than withholding guns and am munition from the warring Mexican factions. He Is here to borrow money, and has been refused a loan by a prominent New York banking bouse. A member of the firm gives the following reason for declining to make the loan: The United Mates nan Issued an ' edict of absolute neutrality. The send ing of arms and munitions ot war to Mexico Is prohibited. Money Is cer tainly the most valuable of all muni tlons, and In my opinion comes strictly under tljte prohibition. Huerta's uncertain lease of office il reason enough for American bank ers to refuse him money on his promise to pacify Mexico and hold a constitutional election, but the New Yorker's statement Is even a tronger reason. : ' The Mexican insurgents have not been recognized as belligerents. For that reason the New York bank's refusal to loan Huerta money be cause of President Wilson's neutral ity policy makes that bank a sup porter of the Wilson program. There is nothing new in the state ment that money is a munition of war. Treaties sustain that defini tion of money, and it may be seized as contraband of war. The prepon derance of sentiment throughout the United States is that America must keep hands off Mexico, that Mexicans- must settle their own quarrel, neither side receiving assistance from above the Rio Grande. But In settling their quarrel Huerta and the insurgents must bear In mind that American property In Mexico cannot be destroyed without the owners receiving ' compensation. TfEW YORK'S PRIMARY RETURNS from New York's pri mary election last Tuesday show why Tammany and the Republican machine in that atate oppose; a law giving the voters J themaelves a direct ay in the nam i lng ot candidates.. The election was i held under the Blauvelt law, which i caused the open rupture between I Tammany' arid' Governor Sulier and ( was ; enacted . over the governor's veto. r UvUr a poor makeshift of a pri mary law,- and yet under it , Tam t many lost heavily through defeat ') A PUBLIC WASTK F OSTMASTER MYERS urges a change In the plan of the new postoffice. Instead of a two story building he would raise it to a six or eight story and have it provide accommodations for all the government activities In this city . Even if there Is room for debate on the height of the building, tbere Is no room for controversy on the point of putting an end to the pay ment of high rentals by the United States in Portland or any other city in which there are federal buildings. The government is now paying rentals of about $100 per day In Portland. The while, the govern ment owns the present very valuable postoffice building and site. Re cently, it paid $340,000 for the site for the new postoffice and has ap propriated $1,000,000 to be spent in the construction of a new post office building. With the government carrying such investments in Portland, no body can defend the continuation ldeflnltely of the payment of rent als to the amout of $100 a day or any other rentals, it is a palpable waBte for which there is no excuse. It is inefficiency, and the Wilson ad ministration can bring credit to itself by putting an end to it. Public waste ultimately falls upon the workers. It has to be paid for by rent payers, small home owners and all others in the humbler walks. The highbrows and the higher-ups ruffer little or none from public waste. Their wealth makes them powerful and they recoup their loss es from tno less lortunate. through has created here a rsalir.a tion of what the Columbia inn be made to mean to a vast expans? of territory and a big and growing population. There Is going to be a 10 foot depth on Columbia bar. There is going to be a channel of almost 35 feet depth to Portland. But more than this is required. That port that places dockage and other port charges at the minimum and affords greatest facility in lead ing and unloading cargo, other things being equal, will have the greatest success In securing business. This i8 a truth that should be acted upon by every city along the great river. The water front everywhere should be publicly owned and the dock facilities publicly managed. Any other course is condemned 1 all experience, denounced by all ex perts, and controverted by all his tory. Portland is a notorious and mel ancholy example. Her waterfront, which ought to be publicly owned and controlled, has passed almost entirely Into private monopoly. Those who have monopolized it, the railroads largely, have by the fact of that monopolization prevented other property in the city from at taining its highest value. The bet ter city conditions and city possi bilities that would prevail if tho public, still held its waterfront would give to other private prop erty a far higher valuation than is: After describing a circle of confused though), ex-Governor Geer concludes we have arrived at an Impasse; that, though wanting a more expansive circu lating medium, the fate have allotted It otherwise, and a stern necessity, a kind of predestlnary hobgoblin, has us down, and is going to keep us there. He seems to forget that our constitu tion declares that congress "shall have power to colu (emit) money and regu late tho value, thereof." Under this warrant It proceeded to finance our Civil war. Its method of Issuance soon fell into tho hands of harpies, which greatly Impaired Its usefulness; but a part of the first of that money, not adulterated and hampered by adverse Influences, to the extent of some $341, 000,000, yet survives as an object lesson to those who eeem to flounder now in financial gloom. While the legal tender Issuance of money by the government was purely a flat money, having nothing but the credit and standing of the country be hind it, It is not now proposed to rest Sulaer ia out, according to one Judge. But there are higher judges. Old man walker Weston has bought a farm In Minnesota. He would bettajr nave wanted nn to comrortaoie urego.n. rioroe verdicts In personal Injury cases Indicate that there are yet men. some of whom become Jurymen, who like to "cinch" the corporations. The state supreme court, though with two new, good, Industrious judges, can't catch up, is farther behind than ever. explanation is, too many appeals. "Tim" Sullivan was big In body. In badness and In goodness. Contrary to Shakespca- e s statement, the good that ha did will be long remembered, the bad soon forgotten. a Another man lost his Individuality, bad no recollection of who he waa, for several months. This undoubtedly hup pens occasionally, but in some rases U may be only a riianufacturetl excuse. mm , A French scientist predicts that after a while Hviators can fly around the err th In 66 minutes, and, with a little "If" or two, to the moon In 49 hours. In hl dream he must have been "going some." a a Until the , the Republican party will never be itself again. Ore gonlan. But is It aiming to be Itself again?" Thought it was going to be reformed, transformed, regenerated, born again, mude entirely different. Within four months several preachers have resigned in one Illinois town bo cause they eould not live on their sal aries. This will cause many to gay that It Is a shame that preachers are not better paid. Others will think thut preachers, like other men, are paid all that people, their employers or patron, consider them worth. Is society de fault? Has the demand for them decreased? OREGON SIDELIGHTS Pendleton'a total school enrollment on opening day waa 916.' with 170 In the high school. Nearly $20,000 in hard surfacing haa been done at Cottage Grove this year, at a cost ox less tnan i a vara. t: Albany's dog ordinance haa been made still more stringent by an amendment that puta the penalty upon owners who ran to reairain. rormeny iiaDiiuy waa Incurred only If tho owner should Knowingly permit. Pastor 'Marshall of the Firat Baotlst church, at Salem, la arranging for a service at which the Cherrianw will be guests. His toplo will be. "When Cher rlea Are KiDe. There will be Cher rlan ushers, and a Cherrlan auartet will aing. Qranta Pass Courier: Portland haa her Rosarlana. Salem her Cherrians. F.u- Een her Radiators and. Grants Pass has am "Dnnil.a " t2rw..... n1 what the Rosarlans have dona for Portland. tha Cherrians for Salem and the Radi ators for Eugene, tha Rogues will do for mm metropolis or tno ttogue. The Gazette Times comments feel ingly upon the hospitality with which tho people of Corvallis receive the'new- comer, and relates Instances lu which people of meane have added themselves to the community, won by sheer charm of the disinterested welcome that marks the spirit of the townspeople In gen eral, t Internecine strife over paving, at Springfield, which was supposed to nave been adjusted by the amendment of or dinances a oouple of weeks ago, hau again broken out, and, according to the Sprlngflel'd correspondent ot the Eugene Guard, "the passage way Into the tem ple of the double-faced war god Janus la again wide open," Hunting aiory In Eugene Guard: . A Springfield man wrote to the county clerk today to send him three deer tags, "one for an eight-point buck, one for a fiveuotnter and the other for a spotted fawn." The tags .were duly forwarded with the wishes of the, clerk a force that he may be able to kill the firat two, but advised htm to look out for the game warden if he killed the other one. IN EARLIER DAYS i liy Fred Xockley. INCOME TAXATION IN HISTORY From the Boston Globe. Snow will be flying In a few months and with it will come a new form of taxation. This will be the federal In come tax, which Is now In the hands of the senate. This tax Is bundled up In the same package with the new tariff law. The purpose of the tax Is nut to add to the revenue of the government, but to. re place revenue which will be lost. The new tariff, having lower customs sched ules, will bring in less money. Hence the income tax. Many persons of conservative mind see in the taxation of incomes a plan a circulatory medium commensurate to rob the rich and even to place a dam with the wants of the country on that I per on hope, ambition and progress. The basis alone, but also on that of inde- Idea, however, did not come from a structible security at a percentage of popular cry for the spoliation of the actual value, which gives It double rich. It was started In England In 17J8. merit. It will be better than the Aid- when the aristocracy ruled partrament, rich plai which in strange defiance I being first Imposed by William Pitt to and hurt r f the creed of the gold wor- meet the expenses of the war with shiners, proposed to Issue It against France. At the peace of Amiens It was "commodities" (garden sass) on the I abolished, only to be taken up again In "way to market." different form in 1803 and to continue A country with $150,000,000,000 of lor 13 years. wealth Is not to be strangulated and When England decided on a free-trade put out of business because of the scarcity of one metal, which, since the time of conic shells and beads for a base of wealth, has laterally taken Its place. To lifpiidiite the bank deposit account piled up In this country today, there Is not enough of the sacred metal to pay 7 per cent of it, to say nothing of t'ie hundreds of demands for It in other possible with the levee in the hands avenues of business relationship. We of railroads and private individuals. The private owners have gained perhaps $60,000,000 worth of prop erty, but they have crushed many times that amount oat of other Port land property by the fact of their monopolization. They have vastly ! other. Later, the embracing round In mnlHrillpd thn rllf f iriiltles nf mult in I the Aldrlch plan, which the Owen-Glass the Portland waterfront the eco are movlns away from the divinity of this bOKie. The bankers have helped us to discredit It by using substitutes, which 2u years ago would prove a cliarge of Mgh treason. The rlearlng house certificate has ambled Into the limelight as one happy resolvent, and holiday sanctltudea an- nomical, convenient and effective port that It must bo made io bring Portland into the fullness of its power and prestige as a maritime entrepot. t TH K COST OF LIVING T II K cost of living in fortv American cities. Including Port land, was approximately 0 , . . .-. Ul.kn. f - . t- iji-i et ui, mailer im June l i than the average tost between 1890 and 1900. It was more than three per cent higher than a year ago, andilh,reof nearly 15 per cent higher than two years ago. Investigations of retail prices con ducted by experts of the bureau of labor show average prires practically at the same level as last November, when the high record of tho last quarter of a century was reached. Fifteen articles of food were Inves tigated. Every one of them except sugar showed a marked advance, ba con leading with an increased cost of 1 2 8 per cent as compared w ith the average price for the decade ending with 1900. Other articles Bhowing remarkable advances are: Pork chops, 111 per cent; round steak, 102; smoked ham, fowl, 76; sirloin steak, 75 bill has too much patterned after, pro vided many ways of evading the clutch of the gold incubus, so far as the creditor is concerned, hut yet leaving the debtor In its remorseless clutches. I refer to the fact that no receipt for deposits engages the recipient to repay in Kold, while the debtor to a banking institution must do so. Iliii'pilv, we are emerging from intol erable conditions and entering the first stages of an evolution, whe.ehy anyone anywlere and at any time and for as lonij time us wanted, having good se curity therefor, may be rnabled, to pro cure a needed accommodation, and at an interest rate contemplated In tha word:? id the constitution whereby con gress Is required to "regulate the value policy in 1812 and some revenue-producing legislation had to be enacJed to take the place of the abolished tariff, h'lr Robert l'eel retmposed the lacome tax. It has been collected ever since. The British income tax not only is graded, but also differentiates between forms of Income, and even the rates vary from year to year. In England the. government estimates how much money will be needed for each fiscal year. This estimate Is called tha budget. Then the chancellor of the exchequer (our secretary of the treas ury) figures out what the rate of taxa tion shall be to meet that estimate, if less money than the year before Is need ed the rate on Incomes ts lowered. This Is an advantage of tho Income tax. It can be controlled. It works somewhat like the fixing of the tax rate In a Massachusetts town. In England the rate varies from 8 to'3Vi per cent. All Incomes below $800 are exempt. In 1864 Italy Introduced an Income tax. Germany adopted one In 1891. Holland passed a tax cn the Incomes of corporations and associations and on citizens In 1893. The Dutch law does not tax the holders of securities of i corporations, the income of which haa already been taxed. New Zealand copied the Dutch law almost as It was passed. Switzerland, Denmark, Aus tralia and Austria also levy Income taxes. France, In order to meet the great expenses of her present military ex pansion, Is now considering an Income The ni'Tlitmare of redundancy evoked by Governor Geer will cure itself through the operation of the interest exaction. A nan would be preternat urilly foolish to retain money In his possession lie has no need of, and will proceed to have It cancelled. Some people's Idea of redundancy, however, is thivt volume of money more thsn enables them to work a cinch on the borrower. The governor, however, If he is a borrower, cannot he of that list. CHARLES P. CHURCH. tax which rangea from 1 per cent on In comes between f96&.19 and $1930 to 7 per cent on Incomes exceeding $96,500. Persons In Fyance having $5000 Income will be taxed 5 per cent, according to the proposed law, which is now In the hands of the budget committee of the chamber of deputies. As we will not charge more than 1 per cent on incomes of that size, this example shows how much more drastic the French law pro- Jioses to be. State Income taxes date back to colonial times and Massachusetts was the pioneer long ago by imposing a tax on an incomes anove 2U00. I'ennsyl vania. Louisiana, Virginia and both the Carolinas also have income taxes. The Idea is not new In congress. Alex ander J. Dallas, secretary of the treas ury under Madison, tried to have such a tax enacted in 1814, but failed. Din ing the Civil war all Incomes under $5000 were taxed 5 per cent. There were certain exemptions. All incomes over $6000 were taxed 10 per cent with no exemptions. In spite of protests this law remained on tho books until 1S72. During the second Cleveland admin istration an Income tax was enacted, taxing all Incomes over $4000 at the rate of 2 per cent. By a close vote in the supreme court It was declgled un constitutional. Since then we have passed an amendment to the constitu tion and soon we will have a law. What has been the experience of those who have tried the income tax? Thev have found that if It could be enforced it was a auccess. England enforces It by taxing Incomes at their source. The states have failed because their acts do not provide for the proper machinery to enforce the law and therefore It puts a premium on dishonesty. The federal government failed during the Civil war because It could not enforce the law. The country was steadily growing rich er, but the revenue from the tax grew smaller and smaller. It really became a joke. Economists say that In theory the In come tax, more nearly than any other system, meets the requirements laid down by the most recent canons of tax ation. A man should be taxed accord ing to his ability to pay and his income Is the best test of his ability. The theory of indirect taxation, such as extracting revenue by means of a tariff, is to raise money in such a Way that those who pay It doTtot realize It. Nearly every purchase h person makes Is part payment of such a tax. If the same person were forced to pay directly io i"e government lie would take much more interest In Its lavish expenditures. This Is a benefit of the Income tax. Commission State Government. Hood River, Or., Sept. 17, 1913. To the Editor of The Journal I wish to reply to D. C. Lewis of St. Johns, rela tive to a commission form of govern ment for the state. I was at the legis lature last winter, and If there ever wus S4;ia place, where genuine horseplay was rii, ! enacted, that was tne piace, ana wnat Till: COLUMBIA HIGHWAY I T IS as important to have wagon road as a railroad or waterway. The shipment almost universally originates along the wagon road. fhe movement for a wagon road down the Columbia Is a part of the natural development that cannot be perfected until such a road la built. It Is the means by which the coun ties along the river can be settled and expanded. It is the method by which logged off lands can be brought under cultivation and be made to pay taxes and help support government. The permanent road along the river with lines radiating to every point Into the interior via the short est route is the perfected system for" bringing each point and community Into the full enjoyment of the nat-, roasts, 75; lard. 66 Vi; corn mtal, 57'4 ; potatoes. 44 M-; butter, 41'; eggs, 40; milk, 38 V4; flour, 28. During -the same period sugar showed a decline of eight per cent. In a year's time tho prices of eleven articles went up as follows: Bacon. 16 per cent; smoked ham, 14; pork chops, 1 3 V4 ; fowls, ll?i; eggs. 11; round steak, 10; sirloin steak, 9; lard, 1; rib roasts, 6 ; butter, 5 ; milk. 4. Prices of four articles declined In a-fa year as follows: Potatoes, 40 per cent; sugar, 15; w;heat flour, 7'; corn meal, i.- The experts suggest no remedy for high prices, but their figures are reassuring to the extent that they indicate the possibility of top prices having been reached. The house wife should study them with an Idea of avoiding articles which com mand exorbitant prices. By way of illustration, the meat trust should not be given an excuse for shoving up the price ot steak be cause people refuse to eat anything but steaks. If steak eaters would change; to soup bones, the price of sirloin 'would fall. Rib roasts would not be so high If Americans once cultivated the German housewlfe!s thrift in making- an appetizing dish was true or Gregon s legislature 1 trus of all similar bodies. The folly of assembling a body of men of all occupations and professions to enact laws In a fewf days smacks of a primitive form of civilization. How many merchants or farmers would find their business prosperous If they gave so little practical attention to it? 1 be lieve the people are entitled to have a few competent persons In charge of their business 366 days In the. year and eight hours a day, and to be able at all times to place responsibility upon a few persons. Also, tho recall should be in full force. Put the full responsibility upon the people to attend to their part by plac ing the five departments under as many Individuals. The people will see that we have tho best officers at the head of the business of the state, and will be glad to pay the price of competent service, minus graft, which under the present rul consumes more than 42 per cent of all public moneys. By all means let us have a commis sion government for the state, and eventually abolish the United States senate, and establish a government of nations, each state ihaving two ap pointees as members of that tnterna ional parliament, thus taking away the cause of party strife within the nation and placing definite bureaus of inter national trade in th hands of the ip. ternattonal parliament, with our house of representatives acting in the Inter est of domestic affairs. Let all inter national trade come as a requisition from the consuming nation to the In. ternatlonal government, which shall ad vertise the bid and attend to tha needs of -this bureau of International trado, with It representative international finance system based upon representa tive values of trade of each nation. Do away with the tariff twins entirely. We must get down to practical means of carrying on the business of our gov ernment, an.l the ages behind Us have no precedent for us to follow. As for religions and customs, both have stood in the way of practical pro gress. Let the churches look forward, guided by the plain words of our great leader and by all men whose lives have been given unselfishly for tho advance and preservation of the race and civil ization. We have too much civilization which Is simply refined barbarism; some is barbarism, in Its most atrocious barb. LAREINE CARLEV. Mrs. Watson Reiterates. Portland, Sept. 18. To the Editor of The Journal I do not expect W. E. Thornton to do any thing but boost western Canada. That is his business. Also, his brother holds a similar po sition here in Portland a good Job, no doubt. Every statement I made Is true. Oats sold for 25c a bushel, barley 13c this spring. The hall and wind and droughts are awful. There is no error about the price of coal $30 to $60 per ton, and the cold Is fearful. I did not sea any cattle grazing. I gained enough Information to know what I am writing about, . as I was up there and know. MRS. J. B. "WATSON. YOUR MONEY By John M. Oskison. 1 Praise Journal Special. Hlllsboro, Or., Sept. 15. To the Edi tor of The Journal. I take great pleas ure In penning my appreciation of our treatment on the Yellow Special to Fendleton. One heard nothing but the very kindest remarks and praises for the management and the attention given the passengers by the attendants. The aervlce was first class In every respect. I am a booster for the "Jour. nal Special." WILLIAM CONSTANTINE. Devonshire Cream. Wauna, Ora.. Sept. 16, 1913. To th! Editor of The Journal. In answer to an Inquiry by A. V, Garnet of Astoria, appearing recently In your "Letter from the People," I send recipe for Dev. onshtra cream: Bet milk for 24 hours in pans 4 or S Inches deep, to ralaa cream. Then place In larger pan of hot water on stove till wrinkled well on top. Do not boil. Handle carefully, ao as not to dlstu.-b cream. Let stand 12 hours or mors bu fore skimming. MRS. IS. F, WADEI, By John M. Oskison. This story of Connie Sullivan I got from a little pumphlet which a Mem phis bank uses to attract savings ac counts. While Connie was still In the public school, his father died, and the boy had to stop school and go to work to help support his mother and a younger brother. All sorts of Jobs Connie held, and when he reached the age of 24 he went to work on tho railroad as a freight brakeman. Before he was 2a Connie met with his accident a freight train backed Into him unexpectedly, and when he leTt the hospital his right arm ended at the elbow. He was no longer any good as a brakeman. When Connie first began to earn wages, his mother had urged him to save something out of every pay en velope she "showed htm how she her self managed to save from her small earnings. And when he came, home with his stump of an arm. Connie found that he had $126 in the savings bank. Instead of seeking sympathy for his misfortune or selling a home made rhyme about the sad case of the gallant brakeman as a substitute for begging, Connie looked around for work a ono armed man could do. Ho found a fruit and newsstand which he bought f6r $126, exact amount of his savings, and he sat. to work to make tho stand pay. Connie is 30 years old now, the stand has grown into a small store, with cigar and candy counters and a aodi water fountain. His earnings are three times as much As he gJt as a brakeman, his younger brother Is In high school, his mother Is living comfortably, and Connie himself Is married. You don't have to argue with Connie Sullivan that it ts a good thing to save a part of your earnings he knows! Pointed Paragraphs t t-reaatory weaitn sounds goffiV If it belongs to us. '.',17-- - Politeness opens many doora, but they ar usually self-closing. j Before man-lag a young man lmag Ines two can live as cheaply as one; after marriage he ties a tin can to his imagination, ... . The nMl .mnlni. In .Al.t r , . v.-..w v, ... v.Mt v ,C1 V - ice, of the Southern Faoifio company lives at Turner. Or., being tha station agent there. His name la R. O. Thomas.' A few evenings ago Mr. Thomas and I sat under his grapo arbor. "X planted this grape vine 89 years ' ago," said Mr. Thomas. "It is 40 inches In circumference, bo you see it haa: grown one inch for every year and ona over for good meaaure. It has grown over this whple arbor and bears heavily. "I came to Turner 40 years ago. My house wus the second residence built hero. K. R. Eubanks of Stayton put up a building for a saloon. That was "thu firat building in Turner. He went homo to Stayton for a short while before open ing the saloon, and while boarding there with a Baptist family he became con verted. He came back to Turner, con verted his saloon buJldina- Into a resi dence, and built the BaDtisr church which was the first church to be erected in Tumor. He built the first hotel in Turner and lived here for many years. ' "Before coming to Turner I ran thu night construction train out of Port land, when Holladay was racing with the west side road to get the first 20 miles of railroad Jald so that he could got the land grant. O. H. Kimball ran on the day construction train and I had the night run. We had to have the 20 miles of track laid by December 31. or we would lose the land grant through the Wlllametto valley. It was a close scratch, for we were still laying rails on the very last day, but by working big crews and working day and night, we won out. The road ran from Port land to Parrott Creek, near where New Era is now located. John F. Kidder was the superintendent of construction and Ben Holladay was the president of the company. 8. Q. Elliott was the chief engineer. "The force was laid off as soon as the 20 'miles was completed and next spring when work was resumed Hans ThTelson was made chief engineer. His son, H. B. Thielson of Salem, with his family, took dinner with me day before yesterday. When the road waa built Sandy Barclay of Oregon City waa made station agent here at Turner. E. E. McKinney succeeded him, but only stayed for a few months when I waa ap pointed. I have been agent here at Turner continuously for over 40 years. I am not only the oldest station agent on the Southern l'aciflo. but I am the oldest employe on the road. W. J. Sally or "Bill" Hally, as all his friends call him, an engineer on the west side branch, has been In service almost as long as 1 have." A little later as we sat under the oak trees, Mr. Thomas said: "That old gentleman going along tho path there is W. M. Steel. He wan one of the first men to settle in Turner. He ran a liv ery stable here in the early days. Mrs. C. A. Duvls, a daughter of 11. L. Turner, also lives here with her brother, L. 1 1. Turner. This place was named after their father. 1 have served as post master at Turner for 24 years. 'Very few people know that Turner had the first rural free delivery In lha state of Oregon. Rural free delivery at that time was an experiment, and Tur ner was selected as one of the points where tho experiment should be trtcil out. The service whs inaugurated wltn three carriers Phil Plerson, now at Bandon; Ueorgo F. Judd. now a mer chant at Astoria, and Fred ..'. Gunning, who is still In the service. "Ed McKinney, W. H. 11. Darby ami H. W. Smith, who is now postmastei, ran the first store here. It was started in 1873. The llrst grnin warehouse, was put up by Darby and MeKlnney. and tho next one by the Turner grange. Shortly after that M. B. Cockerllne built a flour mill' here. Turner's first post master was the old gentleman that Just passed us, W. M. Steel, lie was ap pointed postmaster but I acted as his deputy, and shortly afterward received the appointment as postmaster. When I first became station agent a ticket from Turner to Salem was 60 cents, and the fare to Portland was $3.60. Now the fare to Salefn is 25 cents and to Portland $1.80. Freight rates also are about half what they used to be. In those days the only poetoffices In the county east of Turner were Sublimity and Aumsville. The mail waa carried on horseback to these offices. The post master at Sublimity in those days was Philemon Morris, a Mexican war vet eran. In adldtlon to Aumsville and Sublimity, wo now have Stayton, Me hatr.n, Lycns, Mill City, Gates and Detroit. "Come on up to the house. I want you to meet my wife," said Mr. Thomas. "I am sc.iiethlng or a pioneer myaeu. said Mrs. Thomas. "My maiden name was Mary A. Conser. I am the daughter of J.-.cob and Nancy Conser. My father came hem in 1847. George Conser, who lived .for years at He.ppner. is my brother, and 'Shan' Conser, one. or tne oldest conductors in the service of the Southern Pacific road, is also my orotn er. Shan started as a brakeman in 1S73. He soon became a conductor, and for 35 years he ran from Portland to Hoseburg. Shan retired a few years ago. and Is now bailiff in Judge den ton's court. My son is chief clerk for F 1. Fuller, vice president of the Port land Railway, Light & Power Co. One of my daughters is a nurse at the Good Samaritan hospital, and another has been a teacher In the Portland schools for the past eight or nine years. You can get a good deal of interesting in formation from Mrs: C A. Davis, the daughter of the original owner of Tur ner." I hunted up Mrs. Davis, and she told me something of tho early days of Turner. "My father. U. L. Turner, owned this place." said Mrs. Davis. He named th.s place Marion, but as he gave 60 acres to the railroad company una 10 acres to them for the depot. Ike Moores, who was one of the directors of the -oud, Insisted that tills place be called Turner, after my father- They built a station a few miles south of here which they named Marlon. My brother has recently given an option to the Irrigated Land company for 1700 acres of our land at $100 an acre. "In the early days my father and William McKinney built a flour mill where Sclo now Is, and laid out the town of Sclo. My father named Scio after his home town in Ohio. A little later he built a mill at Aumsville. Ho nnmed Aumsville after his son-in-law. The McKinney flour mill at Marion was, unsuccessful, as they were unable to clean tho wheat from the smut. My father Invented a smutter which pol ished the wheat, broke the smut balls and blew the smut away. Jacob Conser, who had a flour mill at Jefferson, had my father do the mlllwrighting for hinj4 and In return he did the frame work for my father's mill at Aumaville. "I have seen wonderful changes In the past 60 years, and I sometimes won der what the Willamette valley will bo like In the coming 50 years." One Source of Germany's Wealth. From the. Christian Herald. Throughout Europe the forests have been cared for with the greatest atten tlon for centuries until today they con stitute an immense aource of th na tional wealth of many countries. The best developed forests in the world are those of Germany. The public and pri vate foreate of Germany are at pres ent valued at $4,600,000,000. In Austria thj state forests, comprise a.OOO.OOt acres. 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