Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 17, 1913)
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL; V PORTLAND,, SUNDAY;: MORNING. AUGUST 17, 1913, THEJOURNAL AM INbKFENDCNT hkwpapk , It. JACKSON ... .PaMltker President Tuft, and finally Secretary church, should notjmpose upon' any Laile himself. Presumably the West mao.7"i .'';:J..C- i..vJ 'JJ .?: extension is to be the scene of early" The Episcopal church In attempt activity and accelerated completion. ling to provide properly for ltsj Oregon has a hearty welcome for clergy is approaching a true Christ- The United States cen- 'f4r awning ft The Secretary Lane. His visit in search lan Ideal, .... - ' ml- J II .Ml ,... It.......... .11 . .t.ll.ll.. I. I -1. kniered at tn aostof n at ftortlaao. Or, foe linsi. HM-iiorniauon - Jor om- uuicu vuuwii omiiBLica wuicu ciai use at wasmngton is a spien- auuw me salaries para clergymen 01 trsnssnUakw taroufk U malia m Moad slut UCLKHOMICS Mats T1TU Bona, A-SHU. .All &fsmrtmmtm rnckad by tkesa aambara. tbe opwmor want department yne want aOKJkUUN AUVKKTlalAU KKf KKSKivTATlf ftoajamla A KetitxH Co Brunswick Bntldinc. ' W fifth evairac. New Xorkt ISIS fwpla'a aa Bnlldlnn, Chicago. Subacrlpttoa Terma hf mall or w aar aoaMsa to la Uolu4 flutea or Uexlcei DAILY Use year 15.00 Ona saontt .80 ' SOKDAX OM year ...... .13.00 I Oaa (Bouts .......I -3 OAlhX AMD 8UNDAX ; Oaa year ' ......4T.30 I Ona moot S lustrations of systems that kept the poor hungry while feeding charity's middlemen;;-'''; r'-? l;".v;.-;"r;' I'M It is wrong. There Is no reason why people; to satisfy ambition for preventing the land " swindler; : leadershiD or vanity for , oralae. -.f lb fiphla Telegraph. ahM .ten W Jl 1 m W." IW hrk should step between philanthropy and thepeople It seeks. Organised did governmental process. It can- American churches. The figures il- charity ia Justified in reason, but not but result in benefit to the lumlnate the call of conviction thatrj multiplication of organizations en- country, -oeneui, to uregon, ana Den- Keeps lueoiogicai seminaries open w efit to the Wilson administration. CHANGING CREEDS T Do what he will, ho cannot re alize Half ho conceives the glorious . vision flies; Go where ho may, ho cannot hop to find The truth, te beauty pictured In his mind. .. " . . Rogers. SECRETARY LAXE .ORTLAND is host to Secretary Lane. D , The secretary is the third member of the Wilson cabinet to visit Portland within a few weeks. The visits are a process hy . ' which department heads - assemble ' first hand information for a more accurate administration of public -- affairs. , As a former member of the Inter state Commerce Commission, Secre tary Lane is already well Informed as to Oregon. In the several official ' hearings he conducted in Portland, many large facts as to transporta tion, commerce, manufacture and other activities passed In review be fore him. As" a" long-time resident of the HY faith, why false? My faltf-. wny iruei us ail ine worn or mine and thine, the fond and foolish love of self that makes the mine excel the thine." All men are religious. Creeds are but the Pinrpsslnn of their rollclnn "8, The idea of n m vntaninna nnwer nvor all, a first great cause has posses sion of the human mind. In Its search to define this idea human experience has passed from super stition to inspiration. Man's con ception of God has always reflected his own nature. He has given ex pression to his conception in formu lated creed and has sought to Im pose his mold on the thought of an other by force, contending that It was absolute truth. In another age we find him fighting for a creed in different form. supply the world's pulpits, for the clergymen of this country for the greater part are pitifully underpaid. Their life work, their Christianity, makes accumulation of 'iw compe tence an Impossibility. Does the Christian church demand that its servants shall welcome indigence in old age aa Just compensation for a life of unselfish service? tails waste that is sinful. THE CAUSES OF CRIME r THE JVEW STATESMANSHIP Coast, Secretary Lane is an even ; better asset for the West . in the stock of knowledge he carried to Washington on the general subjects with which the interior department is concerned. In his experience ac j quired through,, long contact, he is I - a safer and saner "head for his de- partment than could be any man un ; schooled in the problems and prac ticabilities sf the Western United ! States. The esprite de corps that the secretary drew from the broad ; valleys, the - high mountains, the ' bold outlines and the life on the i broader plans of the West is a final 1 asset to make him of Incomparable ! .value to the Wilson administration so far ma the Transmlsslsslppi region Is concerned. , No state is more concerned with " Secretary. Lane than Is Oregon. Oregon streams are capable of sup plying water to 4,000,000 acres of arid land.. Of the area, .fully 2,000,- 000 "acres can be reclaimed at a f cost of $30 to $60 per acre. ; , Of the 6S6.129 acres under" irrl- gauon in uregon, only 3.2 per cent nas received water through the United ' States reclamation service. It Is 'a rery small percentage, and should challenge the secretary's at tention. Connected with It is the signal fact that -Oregon's contribu tionto the reclamation fund now .approximates $10,000,000. . Oregon has water ' powers that make her of interest to the Interior department. In the streams of (he state, 8,300,000 horsepower is uri- , ised and going to waste. . If de , veloped, these water powers would exert a grealer Influence on state ; advancement than would the pro ductlon of 36,000,000. tons of coal annually. So used, the water power lunning to waste in Oregon streams would be worth in their equivalent : Jn coal $145,000,000 every yar. " Oregon has one fifth the stand ing timber of the country, or 645,- . buv.uuu.ooo board feet worth on tne stump $680,000,000. and sold as lumber $6,822,500,000, or more than the entire national wealth of Spain. Oregon ia fourth In the list ; -of lumber producing states. .. Her umoered area is 25,000,000 acres. The revenue derived from timber ia Oregon exceeds that from wheat, lrult, vegetables and fish combined. viueBe ana many otner Interests re immeaiaieiy touched by the ad ministration of the interior depart ment. The great resources here enumerated, address themselves to the secretary as evidence of the luero is jo ao in eonservlng'and developing these as . sets as far as possible through a - wise and Just administration at Washington. .Oregon has gone a long way in i helping .herself. She lias een a foremost, state in conserving her re . sources.. She has a water code of wise provisions. She has con . trlbuted $10,000,000 of her own money In supplementing the general government, in development of her harbors and rivers, She has appro priated $400,000 for Joint develop- ment with the federal government , of a reclamation project. She ha's j. set aside a large sum for survey of 7 water powers and reclamation pos- slbilltiea. She is spending .large ' ums for the protection of her for-' esta. She is setting an example la self help that should be an appeal 1 to those . chosen to administer in, I ' terlor and other affairs for the ad vancement Of national welfare ;. Secretary Lane's investigation in ' a a.l . a . u M . "V , vn-Kun wm mciuae a visit to the West ettenslon of the Umatilla re- . elamatlon , project No . project in the world is better located for-becoming an object lesson . in con structive Irrigation. - Oregon looks upon it not as A local project, but almost as a national project. It has had the approval of many engineers, many officials Including In itself religion 1b a permanent feeling but its expression Is transi tory. As man advances In his up ward climb towards the infinite his creed changes in like proportion. Primitive man formed "his concep tion of deity from the manifesta tions of nature in her varying moods. From many gods he passed to tone All Powerful who was a personal and a jealous God. A reverent study of Christianity dis closes that it had its beginning In the centuries that had gone before. From the religious creeds of the past it absorbed that which fitted the conceptions of its time. Spring ing out of Judaism it was shaped In large degree by the influence of Greek philosophy. In Its evolution it is still clothing itself in new gar ments, who can define its future form? A survey of the world's creeds shows a basic unity, elements of truth which shines with many col ored lights. No two men see it in the same light. No one man can grasp the conception of another. No man can give form to his own con ception. Religious expression which is a part- of the Infinite can not be expressed in finite formula. No one has the right to impose his faith on another. Gradually the right of every man to give expression to bis be lief has grown. Heresy is no longer burned. at the stake. The privilege of every man to cast his God In his own image is accorded to a growing degree, yet we have not reached a point of perfect toleration. We still accuse a Socrates who does not pay due respect to our gods. We still say to Pilate "we have a law and by that law he ought to die because he has declared himself the Son of God." Religion Is not dying among men as' some would have us believe, but men are growing more religious every day, entering into fuller real ization of their relations to God and fellow man. Only creeds are dying, passing through the chrysalis to emerge in winged form. In view of this fleeting form of creed why should man geek to force his formula on another. Creeds change. "Faith, . hope and charity abideth, these three, but the great est of these is charity." Not charity in the narrow sense of material giv ing but charity in the broad mean ing -of toleration and respect for the opinion of others; "charity that beareth all things, believeth all things, endureth all things." B OTH before and after his In auguration President Wilson made It clear that he intended to have a real and direct con nection with legislation. He did not attempt to Justify his pro gram; he accepted the constitution at its face value where it says the president may "recommend" to con gress "such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient." This power the president took for granted, but the point of real im portance is that he never veiled his purpose to have an active part In lawmaking. That is one evidence of the new statesmanship now directing na tional affairs. Important results have already been accomplished and greater results are certain. " If nothing more should be accom plished during the special session of congress than enactment of tariff and currency laws, the Wilson ad ministration will measure ,large. The Democratic party was pledged to tariff reform, but it was the pres ident's dynamic force that put the pledge into concrete form. Presi dent Wilson Is. holding his party to gether successfully, and he is get ting results without going into the streets, and calling people liars. But the great wonder is that the new statesmanship, along with the tariff bill, in itself enough to tax HE old theory that criminals are born, not made, has been exploded. 1, Dr. Goring, for years medical officer ' Of large British prison, on the strength of measurements of thousands of prisoners, says there is no definite criminal type, that crime does not reveal Itself in a man's outward ap pearance. ' The measurements taken by Dr. Goring show the general character istics of the English convict to be those, of a defective. He says the men now serving terms In prison have not chosen a career of crime, butjhat they were forced Into It. They are weak "and undersized. handicapped in earning an honest living. Dr. Goring finds that most criminals are afflicted, not with In nate wickedness, but with natural stupidity. The criminal, he says, is a born defective, and should he treated as such. . An article in the Atlantic Monthly says the cause of crime is general rather than individual. It is as serted there 1b no such thing as a criminal disposition, that the un pleasant and sometimes Inhuman qualities which characterite the criminal are- not innate. The maga zine writer says the rise and fall of crime is - determined by social and economic conditions, and cites his own experience in the Rangoon prison in India in substantiation of this claim. By way of Illustration, famine . period broke all records for crime. Want and hunger de creased the power of Men committed crimes because in their rundown condition they could not resist temptation. While there is good reason for rejecting the old theory that crimi nals are born, there is not yet suf- lav In wan lor nis victim on a "subdivision," which he had staked eutinto streets and squares, and relied on a ready tongue, an elaborate map and beautiful water color drawings of proposed publio build Inrs and private mansions to lure the ooiiars irojij the pocketa of the ruJUble. When advertising became a science the land enara; was not alow to realise It possibilities and despite careful adrutinv of advertising "copy" managed to make consiaeraoie use or the Increased pub licity oouinaoie tnrougn this means. -Now comes what seems a new devel opment of an old game. a crowd Of poosiers - woo travel around the coun try In a handsomely appointed private car and carry their honeyed promises to vlctlmi doora Instead of having to wait until flies" walk Into the web. . The pity of It is tba't the scheme has apparently been successful from the pro. moter standpoint. The latest estimate of the postal inspectors Is that the booster's car" has taken In nearly a million dollars since February, 1912. No form of investment yields greater returns than real estate intelligently , purchased, but' in no Investment la ex pert service more necessary to the buyer if he Is to get proper return for his money. The more experienced a man is In real estate the less chance he is likely to take. This seasoned Investor or operator will be fully alive to the methods of protection open to him, He will first of all see that the title to the land la which he plans to put his money Is good, and, -for-this; purpose. will apply for title insurance In a reput able title company, whose experts will Inform him of every possible objection, In addition he Is hardly likely to buy sight unseen" unless he has the opin ion of trustworthy and expert men as to the value of the ground. It is the small Investor, the man un skilled in the handling of money, who (more's the pity), falls victim to the blandishments of the "crooked" dealer Such a lesson as the hundreds who have given ear to the voice of the "Oklahoma Boosters" are likely to receive is pain ful and disheartening, but it need never be endured by any who take the precau tions which modern business methods have placed within their reach, partic ularly if they confine their operations IN EARLIER DAYS By Fred Lockiey. whOi although a married man, Is VtO. ?n anti-bachelor"' crank, and who, al houirh a highly educated man. is not a pedant who thinks only bookish people are fit for office. On Page S, first col- umn. . you say: "Hard work and per. slstenrta umm,itu v.a. nA . twm Hon tag. With few advantages of edu-' Rsnt statistics coiripled by Frank, cation to help him, he mad his wa Hn (P. Adams show that soap, eoupbonel inTth, P"hwesf - and marriage licenses have alt advanced thouaTruchT mPaenPl:..W "U," )&SJMf " "?V of much reaard hut hn "V1UK ving ana wving. uoionei Hor- mlnded I and Wotedf 5 ""Z ' W ; of H.rml.ton is not see the dlffarene. h.two.n Uni. t " "w.wr? l1" 01 ln" n,nw OOB eago ana wisaom. ,r . Li j' , ...-w. ... "Knowledge Is proud that she knows f.To WIS -If - Pft ih o much. V'om ia numoie mat ana Knows no 1 mnr. . I am glad a married president an. pointed a bachelor marshal. " I. M. BLOSSOM. resisUnee.i:i:V-" ' ' " " " " the Btreneth of an ordinary nrnsi dent, should have -the boldness and flcIent evidence to substantiate the resource to propose early action on PENSIONING CLERGYMEN" w a currency bill. Three months ago the possibility of getting such a bill through congress at the spe cial session was scoffed at by old political heads in Washington. The president's method was simple. First he secured toleration for the plan; then it was discussed; then a bill was framed. A currency law Is now almost a certainty, for the president has done what he set out to do he made interested people come togeth er in conference with an Idea of getting somewhere. The law will not b'S1 th9 bill as originally drawn, but the amended bill has already won the approval of some of the best economic and banking opinion of the country. President Wilson's first five months' record is impressive. It witnesses the fact that, a new type of statesman is in command. Where in lies the president's influence? Outwardly he has not been assert ive; he Is In sharp contrast to his immediate predecessors. He "has not blustered or bragged; nor has he allowed himself to be pulled hither and yon in good natured non resistance. His reliance has been on counsel and reasons and sober analysis. He went straight to congress with his purposes and openly stated them to the joint body. He opened his pro gram before the country. There was open publicity for every ma terial phase of his program. He took congress and the country into his confidence. It was the plan by which he suc ceeded in New Jersey. It is the process that is working admirably may not be strictly accountable for their crimes. All men, victims of social injustice, do not become crim inals. The proportion who resort to crime is so small that the criminals must have some distinguishing ehar acteristlc8. Dr. Goring la probably right In saying they are born de fectives The practical side to such a dis cussion is, how shall the man he kept from crime and how shall he be rescued from a career of crime. It is apparent that generalizations are of little value. The criminal must be studied as an individual That is now being done, and It is through such methods that progress is being made CHOOSING WEALTH D HEN the general convention of the Episcopal church meets at New York in Oo at the Whlte Hou8e. toDer me joint commission on support of the clergy will submit its report on pensions for clergy men. This church has paid pensions for years, but expenditures are not adequate for 5200 clergymen and their families. Annual payments MAKE CHARITY EFFICIENT c LEVELAND has adopted a plan for federating all its philan thropic organizations. There are fiftv-three of them- in that aggregate $222,908, but the money city, and the result so far has been is disbursed through nearly fifty successful. Money has been saved' different agencies, national, state ' in administrative cost, and mora and diocesan, with discordant rules, 'money in the aggregate has been col-1 Jr Jf' " ' tlJ ...iJl.. or no rule. ,at all. The annuities jlected than heretofore. - - ' " J" 11 10 ma ..a.ivi eiuuu ne represented ijci i.u cunutL luo uuuum in come of the fifty-three organiza tions, a total of $53,000 per year, R. STEPHEN M. BABCOCK. professor of agricultural chem istry at the University of Wis consin, retired the other day in comfortable, but not affluent, cir cumstances. His case is worthy of consideration, for immense wealth, was once within his reach. Yet he was not blinded by the prospect; he saw his true relation to the world; he placed service above plied up dollars. Dr. Babcock will long be remem bered as the man who discovered the milk test that goes by his name. It had tremendous possibilities for enriching its discoverer, and when Dr. Babcock announced his inven tion in 1900 a fortune was at his feet. All he needed was to patent his device. But he did not pat ent it. This man who had mapped out a life work to benefit others said his milk test belonged to the world. He said he was . only the instrument which produced the Invention, that his time and his brains were under contract to the people,, that they were entitled to the product of his 'best endeavor. Dr. Babcock knew the worth of his device; he knew its value to dairymen, but he de clined to demand royalties that would- gladly have been paid. In Letters From the People (Communications aent to The Journal for Dab. licit ion In this department ebouhl be written on only ona side of tbe paper, should not exceed 800 worda -Id length, and mutt be accompanied bjr the name and addreas ot tne aander. It the writer doe not desire to have the name pub lished, he should ao state.) Approves Montag's Appointment. Hood River, Or., Aug. 16. 1913. To the Editor of The Journal In The Journal of August 13, there appeared considerable matter about the new United States marshal, John Montag. Now I am glad we have a president Asks Who Gets Undesirables. Portland. Aug. 15. To the Editor of Th Journal Kindly allow me, In your most valuable paper, to ask District At torney Evans (and I trust he will an swer, ao that all interested may under. stand) what he expects to do with, or wnat win become of. all of those north end Undesirables whom they are driv ing out of tiielr present locations. Aro they to be scattered amona the better class of rooming houses? As l am a Keeper Of a rooming house, I desire to know fhat their advice la. 8omehodv is going to get all of these people. - j 3- WHILST. Notary Public Not Authorized. Portland, Aug, 18. To the Kditor of The" Journal Kindly Inform me through the columns of your paper If a duly ap pointed notary publio can legally per form the marriage ceremony. ONE JN DOUBT. ing. A fewdaysago he took ma with A notary has-no-authortty to -per form the marriage ceremony. On the contrary, be would become criminally liable, and the parties would not be le gally married.) Suggestion for Stat Veterinarian. ' Jamleedn, -Or.. Aur. 12. To th Kd. ltor of The Journal Jnckrahhita dying- in . this locality by thousands. We will not be bothered --this year by the pest Would It not be a good Idea for the state veterinarian to come in and make an investigation? He might find germ with which rabbits in other sections of the country could be inocu lated. AS. FIELDS. Grower- Pays No License. Boring, Or., Aug. 15. To the Editor of The Journal. Must the small farm er have a license to sell apples, chick ens and esas once a week in th citv nt romana ana suourosT SUBSCRIBER. The seller of produce, who is also ths raiser or.it, need pay no license. A seller who has bought his produce of anotner must pay license. Kenilworth Playgrounds. Portland, Or.. Aug. 1J. To the. Editor of The Journal There has bean much t I . 1 1 , . mi mam Huuui um playground restival, but no mention of Kenilworth park. which Is an injustice to our instructor, Miss Edie, who Is a kind and loving teacher of the children, loved by them and respected by all who know her. ONE WHO KNOWS. THE PROBLEM OF MONEY v.- are in nearly all cases inadequate to afford a decent livelihood. The pension plan to be submit ted in October was framed by Monell Sayer of the Carnegie Foun dation, a , lay member of tbe com mission, of which Bishop Lawrence Dr.- Babcock's milk test has en riched, not only the American farm , er, but the nations of the world. Collectors were paid anywhere from He is not one dollar wealthier be fifteen to fifty, per cent, the average cau8e of The wlBC0n8ln being thirty-three.. Thus Cleveland of Massachusetts is chairman. Mem- i charity paid. 53,000 for having hers of the commission have given $160,000 collected ostensibly in be three years to study of thelubject, I half of the poor and needy. Under and in a summary of Its report the 'the federated system the cost of commission says: The bold plan purposed by the com mission Is intended not only to pension the whole body of the olergy when rhey become sixty-five years old but bIho administration has been reduced one half. Another advantage of the new plan is that administrative officers are able to devote most of their time to the real work qf their or- lature voted him a brbhze medal costing $300, but the medal Itself has little Intrinsic value. In this age when men seek fame through wealth or power, Dr. Bab cock stands a notable exception. He Bpent twenty-six of his life's best years serving the people. World's expositions have awarded him grand prizes, and yet nis' most valuable to pension the widows, to educate thlr n!?rhv'rn.CnU.e.nh,n1 1 ?f 1 f j2110' rathor, than t0 th 91' I possession is the Spirit Of brother will apply to foreign mUslonarie. a ' : !-. .v.. . , . v. ! 'd that prompted him to chOose well as ' to the entire United States. wjjl be approximately The pension half pay. The clergyman, no matter- how successful "he may be In the service amount of actual good it accom- U. time - that all cities place , wealth ln personal satisfaction rath their charitable organizations on an I er tnan wealth ln dollar8 emciency oasis, rmcn an organiza tlon should be measured by the of his Master, seldom accumulates anything. His income is not large, and ln most cases all of it goes' for current expenses, many of which are incident to the man's Christian ity. When old age overtake Mm, and he is no longer a bread winner, even in the service of ,the Lord the clergyman finds himrelf in u and plight. He must either try to con tinue at work for which years hare incapacitated hlai, or depend Upon charity - a humiliation that - the plishes, instead of by the number of "A chauvinist 1b a jingo with Latin gestures," kindly explains the Chicago News, Just as we had begun theories it advances. There should t0 suppose that a chauvinist had be less waste, fewer middlemen be- something to do with running cue tween opulence and want, the elimi-inf those new-faneled anrini nation or many people leeaing upon charity while the hungry starve.' Recent disclosures in Chicago proved that an alarming percentage of money given to charity was di verted from the . poor. It was ground up ln administrative ma chinery, and the needy got none .of It. Other cities .have furnished 11- traptiontu which the bloomin' for eigners are "always designing. . . 11 i """' Mrs. Tom Marshall, ; wife of9t.; vice president, has given- out? teW rules by which a wife may keep her husband happy, and the best of all in the tenth: "Do not wrangle with or nag your husband," Panics and the Old System. By F. F. Searing. Will the Owen bill cure our recurring panio- troubles? That ia Just another way of asking whether tbe banks and the publio will be better off under the new system. This country has splendid vitality. It can hobble along with aJmost any sort of currency plan, while times are good. It is only when panlo threatens that the crutches break. The new law will not be a panacea for all ills. It isn't possible to legis late safely Into finance. Dishonest mea will steal. Human nature can't be al tered by law. A crop failure cannot be provided against by congress. Inter national complications will fores a hur, ried marketing aod security prices will urop. A score ol factors must be con sldered when one goes chasing dollars and the factors change as you watch therrv. But It may be. safely said that the Owen bill will at least eliminate some of the worst features of the past It permits an automatic contraction and expansion of the currency supply to suit the day's needs and couples that with safety. Its operation may best be com prehended by a comparison with what has happened in the past. Consider yourself the responsible head of a national bank In a prosperous) manufacturing town. Thereare time when your depositors keep large bal ances with you. Their raw material has been worked up and turned im cash. These balances are drawn down when they purchase more material and pay the cost of manufacture. Trade has been urisk for many years, your depositors have made money, and have expanded accordingly. Their idle funds have been turned into bricks and mortar i and the new machinery. As they need lunas ror new material they come to you to discount their paper. You know- everything about them, and that as rap idly as the raw material Is worked up and sold their notes will be taken up. Both sides are prosperous and contented. Then a trade reaction sets ln. Your deposits begin to run off. Your matur ing papers lessen in amount. Borrow ers Insist upon renewing their paper. Other depositors who have habitually floated their notes In the open market come to you ror accommodation. You must give it to them, for they arry large balances with you ln ordinary times. You find that you ara away. Jie low reserve and you begin to call loans and trim sail against , the storm von see coming. Though you do your best you cannot get your reserve up. So you taxe some of your best paper and call on your reserve agent in New York. -we win loan you 1160.000 on 1200. 000 of your" best names," he tells you. "Do not ask more. We can't snare it." There Is no use arguing- that your bank is as sound as a gold dollar. Ho knows that, but he hasn't the money io spare, no lens you tnat "a proceHH of elimination" is- under way. Certain reckless financiers are to be weeded out of the money garden. During that process their securities hit bottom with a smasn, ine panics ln which they are interested afe" closed, and runs begin on other suspected Institutions. Your own depositors begin a silent withdrawal You see them disappear toward the safety deposit vaults with perhaps a third of;, the balances they have been carrying. Then, you- find that you have but $75,000 In cash and on Saturday the mills, will demand 1160,000 for their pajrruxisv iou can again, on your re serve agent In New York. "No use ln asking," h, tells you. Currency has .disappeared. The clear ing house banks have agreed not to pay out more than $100 to any one over the counter. T,he people have gone mad " You must have money for the' nay rolls, or there will be riots, and runs on the banks in your town. Finally you get $100,000 ln currency by paying a 4 per cent premium to some enter prising brokers. who w,u uk fc draft, iHprm your reserve agent. On Monday tfcef retail stores usually deposit the giater part of the mills' nv rnu in currency but : on this Monday they bring ln the certified checks of the very cash the week before. You are caught In a vicious circle. Perhaps you buy more cash from them and buy again and again. Banks, ln other cities owe you money, but, they will. only certify these amounts, ; payable through the clearing house. You swap credits around, but you can't get the caslu. Then, by and by. unable to do any thing else, you begin to cooperate. Tho heads of the retail stores In your town and the manufacturers and the bank presidents meet. They agree to do business with each other on a paper basis. The manufacturers will pay their employes ln checks, and the mer chants promise to accept them aa cash Tne employes agree because they have no option. Slowly confidence is re gained and eventually conditions return to normal. But many have been hurt beyond recovery, and thousands of per fectly solvent people have gone to the wall. They have been crushed not be cause they were over-extended or un duly optimistic or unbusiness-llke In their methods hut solely because th banking system of the country had proved unequal to the strain. "What do we do next?" you ask. We move back to the valley and wal for the volcano over us to blow Its head off again. We know that another erup tion is sure to come; but we are tuo busy putting up new buildings and plowing for new crops to bother aboot the ruin, ahead. That sort of a collapse could not oc cur under the Owen bill. Assuming the same premises, what would have been your course under the Owen bill Vhen the legitimate demands of expanding trade caused a falling off iu yuur aeposiiST Instead of taking, $200,000 of your best names to your reserve agent In New York, on which to borrow $100,000, you would have taken $160,000 of tho same names, having not more than 45 days to run, to the federal reserve bank ln your district Your bank. Is a stock holder ln tha reserve bank to the extent of 20 per cent of your capital. You would borrow from It the par value of the $160,000 notes, merely dednrtlnrm., Interest from the time you have brought them to maturity. This Interest yoj already have in your possession, for you deducted it when you dlsnouhaad The notes' for your customer. "You dJ not show the hated bills payable ln yourstatement but notes and Jbllls rn dlscounted, which is a very different thing. Instead of borrowing- -money, you have simply sold part of your as sets for what you paid for them. True, you have added to the value' of those assets your Own Indorsement. But no one knows those notes better than you do and you know they are all good and will be paid at maturity. You can sleep at night, for you know that you can take care of your cus tomers without weakening your bank. As rapidly as necessary you simply "cash in" your assets. The other na- tional banks of the district do the same thing. By and by tbe reserve bank Of your district reaches its limit. Cur rency ia being sent west on every train for crop moving purposes. The crops must be moved. They are tha very life blood of the commercial structure. Un der the old system you would have be n told by the president of the New York bank that currency could not be found. Everything would go to smash, inevit ably. . ';.'''', . . Under the new - plan-, the federal re serve bank of your district would mere ly take your notes and the notes of the other national, banks to tha United States treasury Arid' rehypothecate them at par for nice,' new, crisp bit la The seourlty given the United States wa good to begin with, and is made doubly good toy the Indorsement of a national bank. The money you recel'v la aood. as money can be, It is receivable for all debts, publio and private: and Is re- tilla project, of which Hermlaton is the center. "There has been a lot of talk lately : about the advance in salaries. not keeping pace with the advance in it.. I.. i i- "In th first place, people nowadays think lets of things necessities that used to be regarded as luxuries; and, ln the second place, too manv man are se curing land for merely speculation pur poses instead of for producing pur poses. I am going to show you that the higher cost of living has no ter- ron-ter the man who is not afraid to make use of his land, and to irrigate it with a little elbow grease. Too many people nowadays want to Irrigate their land with somebody else's sweat," . . We drove first to "Billy" Olasson's two acre tract. He Is a Cornlshman and. a worker. We went around his lit tle two acre tract with him. "This lit tle plot of Rocky Ford muskmelons has not only kept me in melons myself, but I have sold the surplus here at the stores, at a good figure," he said. "I can sell at good prices all the cucum bers and tomatoes I can raise, My strawberries were money makers and r am going to havj a good crop of grapes. My egg plant, pnions and corn have dona.wonderfully welL As vou sea:' I have a-ftranfiim!- fi,..Ln...nni. .ni pansles to add a bit of color to my garden. Here Is a half acre of alfalfa. I keep a few hogs and feed them the waste from the Trult and vegetables, as well as fresh alfalfa. I kill a hoe; every twice in a while and sell the loins and hams at 15 cents a pound. At that price I am making good money and the settlers on the project who buy are saving money. "With water when you need it and with Industry a man can live out of his garden and sell enough to support him self to the stores and to Ills neighbors who are less- willing to work or who go In for some specialty, such as dairying or raising alfalfa" As we drove on. Colonel Newport said: "When I struck Echo a dosen years ago I had a dollar and a half less than six bits. But I am us. tn being broke. I never stav broka lona. I went to teaming then, starting tha Newport Construction company, and took contracts to level land for alfalfa and dig ditches. I have dug over $00 miles of ditches in Umatilla county. Hermiston Is located on my desert .claim entry. I had handled this land enough to know that with water it could not be excelled. The Israelites used to talk about a land flowing with milk and honey. We have here at Her miston a land of cream and honey, and the cream Js too thick and rich to flow. When you get. a low elevation in a high latitude, where you can cut four crops of alfalfa a year, tnere is nothing to prevent you from turning your al falfa into cream. The creamery re cently established, with capacity to take care of milk from 2000 cows, Is going to help make this a dairy district "With one long summer, and with our sunny days throughout almost the en tire. year, this Is the honey bee's work shop. Mr. Cresay. one of our nroleot settlers, sold $400 worth of honev dur ing IS months from 40 stands of beesr Some of our beekeeners avornr. is-. pounds bf honey a year to the stand. My motto is, "Give the desert a drink," and I have found profit and happiness in satisfying ths desert's thirst Now: you have my motto, I'll tell you what my boast Is: whenever I want to do any bragging I brag that I have the poorest stable in the United States to be lighted with electricity. I'll take you to my home and show you. Wa drove to Colonel Newport's house. The house was surrounded by a broad lawn and shaded by cottonwood trees SO feet high, with trunks a foot In di ameter. "Six years ago those trees were as thick as my thumb and no higher than my shoulder. Those spple trees loaded with fruit were little switohes six years ago. In fact. I grubbed the rfage brush off this place Just six years ago." We went to the barnyard to where there was a stable built of poles, open on one entire side. "There Is room fori 24 horses and. aa you see. It is practi cally a shed. It Is lighted with elec tricity for convenience, and Its flimsy, character Is a good testimonial toMhe mildness of our climate. "A few years ego I paid $$600 for an imported Perc heron stallion, and I now have 40 or 50 colts, yearlings, 2-year-olds and 3-year-olda. Good stock and good care pays in dollars and cents and ln satisfaction as well. "Come into the shed under my wind mill." We stepped ln and found hanging from the rafters over a ton. of shoul ders, hams and sides of bacon.' "It coat me about 14 cents a pound to put up. But I had twice this much and sold the rest for enough to pay the en tire feed bill, so this Is velvet. In other words,-the people who bought my hams and bacon paid for mine too. "When we get the west extension of the Umatilla project started you will hear Hermiston hum.' " ' NEWS FORECAST FOR THE COMING WEEK Washington. D. C, Aug. , 16. The Mexican, situation and the proceedings of congress relative to tariff and cur rency legislation will continue to claim a large share of publio attention during the week. Brigadier General Edgar Z. Steever. who has been handling the border sit uation along the Rio Grande, will be placed on tha retired list Wednesday on account of age. On tbe same day another prominent officer of the army,' Brigadier General Marlon P. Maus, will retire upon his own application under the 40-year service clause. Lord Haldane, lord chancellor ot Eng land, will sell for New York Saturday. After a few days in New York he will proceeu to Montreal to deliver the an nual address at the oonvention of the American Bar association. Important conventions of the week Will include the annual meeting of 'the American Institute of Mining Engineers, at 'Butte, the annual convention of American Life Insurance com pan lea at Bt. Paul, and the annual meeting of the National Negro Business league at Philadelphia. . . - - j Events of the week abrpad will In clude the celebration of the eighty-third birthday anniversary-of Emperor Fran cis Joseph, the meeting of the Interna tional Peace congress at The Hagua, the sixth International Fisheries con gress; which will meet at Ostend, and tho meeting of the International Ath letic congress, in Berlin. , i Other events that will figure mora or ' less prominently ln ths newi of the week will b tha national lawn tennis deemabls in gold. It Is impossible f jp Zirtuli Trace meetlns- at Ro?lrlnah v a currency famine to exist under theS new system for it provides for the is celebration at Cheyenne. Wyo. and tli," sue or $500,000,000 In new currency in opening of the Canadian National expo! tnis wayr:.,yuvv,..::! in Toronto. i,,,;..,!..:.,.;, ;.'vlv.,-;, ,,v,: ins saieiy me new system-Will De I bring in the certified checks of the very considered in the wxt andinal article it is essler to break a man's will than brokers from whom you bought the ot this s.rlas. v , ' j it is to ldetrack a womaJ'sVon't '