The Oregon daily journal., April 13, 1913, Page 39, Image 39

1313.
E'JGLAf'D AVERSE .TO .OFFERING FRANCE AID
ARCHAEOLOGISTS F1?JD MANX '.RARE RELICS
NEWS FROM FOREIGN CAPITALS
INTERNATIONAL MARRIAGES ARE VZrCZZd
GERMANY' MUST BUY PEACE AT WAR F!C
EMITS FOREIGN
POLICY U1IDEWIG
A DECiDED CHANGE
New; Disinterestedness in In
ternational : Relations . of
'France-Creates Comment.
AMERICA) Dl
HIGH PRAISE FOR BRILLIANT AM ERICAN WIVES OF FOREIGN NOBLEMEN
PROVE CLEVERNESS
nternational Alliances for the
Most Part Prove1 Desirable
to All. Parties. .
J
:.L, rcHTLAim. Sunday i.:o?,i.Tii:a april 13,
j
(By tbt International Newt Service.) '-'.
London, April 13. That a change has
1 taken place in English foreign politics
during the last two years has been
evident ever since Mr. Asquith in reply
', 4o a question In. the house of commons
said that under no conditions, was Eng
land under any obligation to send a mil
itary force across the channel In order
t to assist France In case she were at
tacked by Germany, Later, It has been
asserted here in England, that Mr. As
quith spoke then as prime minister, but
' that if he had spoken in his quality of
. chairman Of the committee of national
defense his words would have been Ail-
. f erent, and in the Paris press it has
; been stated that Winston Churchill sev.
s eral ' days later explained away the
prime minister's words in e way satis
factory to France. But at present we
'have only Mr. Asquith's official utter.
' ance to go by and this most certainly
Indicates a change of front, which is far
: from being approved by the whole Eng
lish natpn. - v :
It is an Indisputable fact that in the
fait of ln the government had every,
thing ready to send a very large body
of troops Into Belgium to" meet a 'Ger
man attack" on France through that
country had it come to war over the
Agadir Incident and when Germany, had
- made sure of this she suddenly backed
down, not feeling strong enough to fight
Franca and England at the same time,
even tf Russia were not to be dreaded
at that time. . . . . .
' Asquith Bemalns rim.
i Apparently the relations between this
country and France have remained un
changed since ' that time, but Mr. As
quits has' nevertheless said that ln.no
. case would English troops be sent out
, of the country to help France. Bo un
der the surface a change must neverthe
less have taken place.
England's foreign policy has changed.
Ens has reached something approaching
an Understanding with Germany in re
gard to limitation of naval armaments,
-and certain secret promises may have
Ibeen made, England's purpose is now
to prevent a European conflict, but the
present omens do not seem very favorable.,.-,-',
i ,,: .v,.. ,:.:,f .;.
Germany has unexpectedly declared
her intention of straining all her efforts
vto prepare for a war which Is to come
very soon, probably even before tha end
of the present year, if things go well in
Germany and badly in France. In that
.case It seems that France is to be left
to fight her own battles: on land, And
. here is where the critics of the govern
ment's, new foreign pqlicy see a great
, danger to England,
If Germany is defeated In that strug
, gift, they say,, everything will be well,
for we shall then stand to lose nothing
-mere than the friendship ef - France.
' But it France is crushed, England's turn
, will oome net. Germany has several
demands 10 make upon toe British em-
p'ire, which she dare not make now,
when France is ready to rush to our
- assistance. But with the French army
eliminated as a 'factor, these demands
will surely be made, and England will
have to accede to them or face the war
with Germany she has been dreading
'.for years.- .
And it is for this reason that a very
strong puhllc'oplnton in this country de
mands that the government should stick
to the policy which was so successfully
Inaugurated and carried through by the
late King Edward. ' Those who raise
-.this demand are not the adversaries of
the present Liberal government, but Its
own supporters ' tor the policy of the
: - strong entente may be carried through
. .without enormous naval expenses or in.
. treductlon of general conscription. But
the leaving of France to 'her fate will
mean that we must be prepared to meet
Germany single handed If she ls 'vlc-
' torlous. " " '-" ". v ; : ;,
El
Machine Politicians of Britain
' .Have New Uses for Time
,:. :r worn Institution,
(Bf the Internatlooal News Service.) -
; London, April 12. Signs are not
. lacking that, the old house of lords as
i It now exists is doomed to disappear
; within the next few years. And It will
(.disappear without anybody putting up
', a fight for it. The present government
' is determined to "reform" it within the
-- lifetime of the present parliament, and
Mr. Asquith has declared that not a
ivestige of the hereditary principle will
v i.be permitted to remain. And not only
'has this announcement not been met
5 with a cry of horror from the tories, but
. some of their papers seem quite satis
fied at the prospects. , ..... .
What the details of the "reform" will
be, it is beyond Bay power to prophecy,
but machine politics are the order of
the day here as well as In America and
it is quite safe to-, predict that the
new upper house will bo planned to be
as serviceable to the machine poli
ticians as the ingenuity of our profes
sional politicians can make It Whether
the Change will be for the good of the
country remains to be seen, but nobody
reauy cares wnat necomes or our here
, dltary legislators, who for years have
. ! been working towards the sealing of
their own doom. When they failed year
aiter year 10 make any protest against
the open sale of "honors" to men with
absolutely no claim to distinction, they
' forfeited the respect of the country, and
when they threw-out the budget of 190
-they played in the hands fJthe"men
'who are now. about to prono'unce the
death sentence on them.
: King of Sweden at Monte Carlo.
Monte Carlo, April II. The rooms of
in a sporting ciuo nave Deen crowded all
.week. It has been a wonderful sight to
see a reaL live. king place five-frane
leeea-orr "ine-iacies. it was almost
lmpossioie 10 move near trie table where
the king pi Sweden was standing.
..ui i i 'i win i .i I... , ...
j A combination lock that encircles the
handle of an umbrella and prevents it
being opened by any person Ignorant of
the combination Is the invention of a
Lonfl"3 enre coat room attendant .
DEATHS
NTENCE FOR
HOUSE OF LORDS SOON
ARCHAEOLOGISTS IN
EGYPT ARE MAKING
UMTOVMt ... I; - y .
Prof, Lvthgoe Describes Exca
vatiorisThar Have" Added
Much to Scientific Lore,
J i-Hy CamOIo Cianfaira.
(By the International Newt Servlne.)
Rome, April 12. When at Cairo re
cently I obtained a valuable Interview
with Professor Albert M. Lythgo, cura
tor of Egyptian art at th New York
Metropolitan museum, who is superin
tending, the excavations at the Ameri
can archaeological concessions In Egypt.
A peculiar Interest attaches Itself to
this work, for it was to watch the prog
ress of these excavations that J. r.
Morgan paid his last visit to Egypt,
and It was while with Professor Lyth
goe at jthe field of his labors that the
progress o Mr Morgan's fatal, malady
became painfully apparent,
According to Professor Lythgde, the
Egyptian section of the Metropolitan
Museum of Art of New York, which
already occupies an Important position
among similar Institutions Of the old
world, will in a few years rival either
that of Berlin, or Cairo, and will be
almost unique when the present program
of excavations Is completed.
Excavations Are Vroeeedlssr.
"The American nubile" said Pmf.n.
Lythgoe, "knows little or nothing of the
wonc we are aoing nere. Just now we
are excavatlns? atthredlffrentnu.
and 100 native laborers are employed,
unaer ine direction or a staff of eight
Americans.
"The work at tha nvramM nt ,h.
Llsth, which was begun In 1909, has
never been abandoned. At present, we
are excavating there a temple of the
middle dynasty, !J00O B. C which has
already given us many Important ex
amples of painted temple relief and
other material. We are also excavating
m in uhbis oi jvargen ana at Thebes,
on the western bank of the Nile, oppo
site Luxor.
"At Karffeh. Wft. ar nm In
clearing a temple erected by Darius dur
ing the Persian occupation of Egypt in
the fifth centurv R r. tv
tions have given ua some excellent re
sults, as we nave laiten out from the ex
Dlored nart of tha hue hniMinv m
bar of valuable relief a of
- -. rM"w Bcativ-
stone, exceedingly well preserved; also
arcnueoiurai ueiaus, capitals, columns
and mouldirgs which are among the
best specimens of. Egyptian decorative
arts. " -'.-- - . . --
"At Thebes we have our richest and
largest . concession; euch, perhaps, as
few other nations . have been able to
Mure. In fact, our nniAatn
. Wl. - yvu.
prises notonly a large necropolis, but
aiao mo rvuiBinv ut nvinu xempiea end
of a palace which was constructed by
Trl AmnkntAM TTT A. - . . .
mug Aiucui'uuii summer resi
dence for his wife, Queen TyLon the
shore oi a pleasure taxe, wnich he also
dug lor we queen.
Xloh Finds at Thebea. "V '
VFrom this palace the expedition has
recovered a large number of small ob
4Mt in class and also munv tTimni,,
of well preserved - wall f resooes repre
senting nyinir uucks ana pigeons,
cotton and papyrus plants and other
decorative motives which adorn the
apartment of the queen; These frescoes
have been divided between the Cairo
musem and the Metropolitan. .
; "This year' the. work ef the expedition
of Thho will ba concentrated r,Hn.
: ularly.cn, a thorough exploratlpajsOba
temple of Barneses the Great, near the
well known temple called the Rammas
seum, where we expect to make some
Important discoveries. , .A part of this
year's findings is already on Its way
to New York and other shipments will
follow later In the season, and in due
course will be installed In the Egyptian
section of the museum
" UU - tt t U I' - r.'--.-TU i 1
' THE PRICE OF PEACE,
$y ' DECLARES AUTHORITY
GILLIAM
PRESS SYNDICATE
Top. left to right Ferdinand Frauds, Duke of Montpensier, who has been selected as the. first, king of
Albania;- Countess Szchenvl, formerly Gladys Vanderbilt, and one ,of the most charming women In
Austro-Hungarian court circles;' the Duchess of Marlborough, whose marital troubles have widened
her circle of admirers in Great Britain. ' . "
Bottom, left to right The countess of Suffolk, whose maiden name "was Lelter; King Gustavus Ad,olphus
of Sweden, who has been enjoying a holiday at Monte Carlo. t
1 r- -x : : 1 ' .
WOMAN'S WORK IN BALKAN WAR INSPIRES
CONVICTION
, By Mrs. St. Clair Stobart
London, April 12. Are women capa
ble of taking a share in national defense
without being either a nuisance or a
burden to men? This question the
Women's Convoy Corps has during the
last few weeks been trying to answer
In practical fashion in the Balkans.
As founder and commandant of an or
ganization which for four years' has
been training women to be of service to
the sick and wounded in national emer
gency; It was impossible to accept the
announcement of the British Red Cross
society that the work of nursing the
wounded in the Balkans was "not fitted
for women."' To my mind, this was
synonymous with saying that women
were not fitted for the work.. So, though
the authorities had decided to send out
no women nurses In the detachments,
dispatched to the various Balkan states,
I determined to go out and see for my
self whether indeed there was no serv
ice which trained and disciplined women
could render among a people whose
nursing and surgical resources must in
such a crisis be sorely strained. I went
to Sofia, the Bulgarian capital, and at
once my offer of help was gratefully
accepted by the president of the Croix
Rouge and by Queen Eleonora, who Is
herself a trained nurse, and was devot
ing herself heroically day and night to
the organisation of hospital, .work all
over the country. But to insure every
form of official sanction, I further Jour
neyed to Stara Zagora, at that time the
headquarters of the arm to consult
tha P. M. 0 the director of the mil
itary medical department, and to receive
from him direct orders as to me nature
of the work he might wish us to pet
f orfrtllew"ateriee-sJiwe4 imaelf !-toe
a roan of discernment and of faith.-for
he gladly accepted my offer of service,
and asked metwhers i should like to
work. I of course teplled, "Ar hear to
the front as possible"; and he immedi
ately asked me to Improvise a hospital
at JCirkKlllse. . v
.therefore, cabled. home. for. those
WOTO '
PRE5S SNOICATB
OF FUTILITY OF
members who had previously been se
lected to join me at SJfla, the Balkan
war relief fund committee, with Noel
Buxton as chairman, having sympa
thetically undertaken to provide the
expenses of the Journey, while friends
of the corps at home generously con
tributed toward the equipment of surgi
cal necessaries, blankets, - stores, -eto.
Meantime, while awaiting the arrival of
the convoy corps, I went on to Jambol,
further to study the working of emer
gency hospitals. In one Instance I
found, Improvised -In the buildings of a
large boys' school, a hospital with 260
beds In the charge of one surgeon and
five sisters. And I was present when
at p. m. a convoy of bullock carts ar
rived, bringing, an additional cargo of
300 wounded. It was a pouring wet
night, and the condition of these men
as they hobbled in or were deposited In
stretchers on tha floor of the large en
trance hall, having been Jolted for days
in open ox carts from Lula Burgas, their
wounds untended,"was indescribable. In
describable, also, were my feelings ts
in the surgery, into which the men
streamed to have their wounds dressed,
I saw the herculean task of those five
overworked but calm and heroic sisters,
and I realised that at home hundreds of
skilled and disciplined nurses who had
offered their services had been told
there was "no work for women in the
Balkans."'.;. :.:-.":'i'V"i-' r:V":;;'
Conference With Qneen, :
It was - therefore with eager impa
tience to start work that I returned to
Sofia to meet the corps, and to arrange
with 'the Croix Rouge for additional
itma' of eauinment. which they gener
ously nrovldedi Our ''mission," as if
trascaned"tiyth Bnlgartanei-ttrnnbefed
16, and included besides myself thre
doctors (women) -Drs. Hutchison, Tu
dor and Ramsbotham; two sisters, Miss
V. Adams and Miss P. Gadsden; four
other trained nurses and- six members
for general duty as dressers, nurses,
COOkS, etC. " . , ..!.: ,., j .i
, .We, had 'expected., at Jambol to-be
ARMED STRIFE
able to take In a stock of eatables for
the seven days' trek to Kirk Klllse, but
even the friendly offices of the com
mandant and his wife, who accompanied
us in our raid upon the shops, failed to
provide us with more than a few sour
brown loaves, two boxes of sardines and
a couple of hundred eggs. Any other
food there may ever have been in this
ramshackle old village had been con
sumed long ago by the streams of
Soldiers on their way to and from the
front. But a la guerre comme a la
guerre, and there Was nothing for It but
to trust to finding food in the villages
en route. We were fortunate in nromr.
ing six excellent Interpreters, four young
men ana iwo Bulgarian girl teachers,
who talked good English, to help us not
winy wun me journey, nut with our
ruiure Bulgarian patients in the wards;
and after having with some difficulty
secured 40 ox carts, 28 .for our, equip
ment and 12 for ourselves, two people
In each wagon, we began our march
across the roadless Rhodope mountains
and the rolling plains ef Thrace.
One red letter-day we raided a hen
roost, apparently the only one in Thrace,
and that night we had a rate feast We
had no cooking pots, but we threaded
six fowls on a long stick supported over
the camp fire by two iron rods taken
from one of the ox yokes, and while the
villagers collected round us end told us
stories of the battle which had taken
place around the village, and talked
with heroic resignation of the destitu
tion which stared them and their chil
dren In the face, we hungrily ate roast
chicken with appetite sauce. We were
outspanned that evening on a high pla
teau surrounded tiy rocky hills, like
those of 'Dartmoor, which commanded
anxtensjye vlewovjrejrast Plains
in which Adrianople fa centered. -, As
the crow tflles, we were not far distant
from the besieged city, and we were
saddened by the nerve racking sound of
the booming of the big guns at Adrian
ople, for wo knew that every rumble of
those cannon and every flash of thoxe
spiteful flrca as they blazoned forth
into ..tUe, darkness . meant . brave . in&a.
Germany Only Can Avoid Wa
by Elaborate Scheme
Military Preparedness,
, By Karl If., von Wiegand.
Berlin, April It. That the German
Empire, by its unusual army increase
and amasing expenditures for the Im
plements of battle, Is seeking peace
not war-lg the opinion of Count Ernst
Revcntlow, German military and-naval
expert According to Reventlow, Ger
many has no chip on her shoulder, but
by her whirlwind military ' preparations
is trying to put the fear of God and
the German army lnio her avaricious
neighbors. '
"The t260.060.000 which the Germans
are asked to lay on the altar of partiot
Ism is the heavy premium on Insurance
against war," said Reventlow, who is
not at all the firebrand his critics
sometimes picture him. "This vast sura
is, among other things, to add 100,006
men to the military wall along the Rus
sian rrontler and, tf it averts war or
prevents the possibility of war, the Ger
man people will find the price of peace
none too great. If, on the other hand,
the remote possibility of war should be
come an eventuality, we would be well
prepared. The 1259,000,000 in any event
should be considered a good Investment.
, Crisis Is Zxpected.
"I do not think we are on the brink
of immediate war, but the times are
grave for Germany, Situated as we are
in central Europe, we are surrounded by
ambitious neighbors who. if not held in
bounds, might menace us,
"It is absurd to attribute aggressive
motives to the kaiser and the govern
ment. Wllhelm II, by his 25 years of
peaceful reign, a record unmatched by
any other living European monarch, cer
tainly has demonstrated that he is not
a 'war lord.' It is a fact that the agi
tation for Increased armament came first
from the German people and did not
originate with the kaiser. It grew out
of the Balkan war and the possibility
of Slavonic encroachment The In
ability of the great powers to prevent or
even chock the Balkan struggle opened
the eyes of-the German people. Ger
many now is arming because of the In
creased possibility of an enlarged Slav
monarchy on the one side, and the re
kindled desire for 'revenge' In the
breasts of the French people.
"I think there will be no war, but
Russia is said to, have 1,500,000 men
under arms, most of them within strlk
Ing distance of the German and Aus
trian borders. AS Bismarck said on an
other occasion! "Under such circum
stances, the guns might go off them
selves." ' -
killed, or, worse still, maimed and
shattered, and homes made desolate.
And all that night searchlights swept
the sky and penetrated the recesses of
our ox carts an additional reminder
that we were well within the area of
war. iClose by usr too,- but -mercifully
hidden by the darkness, were lying even
at that moment the corpses of many
Turks-stilt unburled, and the lightly
covered bodies" of many brave Bulga
rians who had been killed In battle
around thia village, iv-,y
But, even at the rate of one and .a
half klllmeters an hour, the trek, which
lasted seven; days, 'came to an end- at
last,1 and we found ourselves at kirk
Klllse called by the Bulgarians Loten
grad, the town of the vines eager to
start work, . , ...
, , Hospital Is rstablished.
We presented ourselves at the head
quarters of the commandant to receive
our orders. ' These Were simple. ' We
were Jq seleet,,from, among the .deserted
houses of this conquered Turkish town
any empty buildings we deemd fit for
convention Into hospitals for the wound
ed. Before dark we were lucky enough
to find three larf e houses facing each
other on each Bide of a narrow and,
usual, nameless utreut, and a fourth
house In which bedrooms for tM Muff
could la obUiacd, a'-l ctjvisufiiy Tu;U. u
By Marquis de Castellanc. '
(By tli Intritloal News Serrlee.V '
Paris, March 11 Since the recent
publication of a book in French by
Mrs. . Van Vorst of New York, well
known in Paris society, the whole ques
tion of International marriage is being
discussed in our salons. In the course
of ' the discussion, many point to the
enormous amount Of money which these ,.
marriages- bring from America to Eu
rope. Others speak of the advantages
to all families arising from- the' in
fusion of new blood. Others again talk
of what they say is an abnormally
large proportion of breakdowns in these
international marriages, but the great
and distinct gain- to America la over
looked. . '
American influence Is strong In every
country in Europe,, chiefly because-of
the clever and accomplished American
women who are married to foreign hus
bands. . '-v ;,;
Clever Americans In London.
I go over to London and X find the
Duchess of Marlborough, formerly M las
Vanderbilt; the Duchess of Roxburgh e.
formerly Miss Goelet; the Duchess of
Manchester, formerly Miss Zimmerman:
the Countess of Suffolk, formerly Miss
Lelter;' the Countess of Craven, for
merly Miss Bradley-Martin; the Count
ess of Granard. formerly Miss Mills and
the Countess of Donoughmore, formerly
Miss Grace, and a whole host Of trans.
atlantio women spreading American In
fluence. ;
The Right Honorable Joseph Cham
berlain's American wife, formerly Miss
Endlcott has taught him mora about
the genius of America than he could
possibly learn from books. I might
write with similar truth of Lady Kaylor
Leyland, who was Miss Jennie Chamber-
lain of Cleveland, Ohio; of the Countess
of Dufferin, who was Miss Davis of
New York, to say nothing of the ad
mirable Influence Increased by such a
distinguished American woman as the
late Lady Curson, who was Miss Mary
Letter, wife of - a former viceroy of
India. - -
- American women la Trance,
. Here in Prance we have American
women like the Duchess de la Roche
foucauld, formerly Miss. Mitchell of
Washington; the .Countess de Moy, for
merly Miss Glbbs of Brooklyn; Madame
Paternotre, formerly Miss Elverstone of
Philadelphia, and scores of others en
larging the sphere of American influ
ence In this republic. . s :
Down in Rome there are at least 80
American women who preside over the
domestic happiness of as many patrician
families. There are American women in
the Eternal City who have annexed
such names as Rosplgllosl, Ruspoll, Tor
Ionia, Sermonetto, and other princely
and ducal titles dating back to the days
of the Caesars.
Go up to the frozen capital of all the
Russians and Princess Cahtafeiljiene.,
granddaughter of General Grant, and a
score of other distinguished American
women are spreading American civiliza
tion in the land of the grand dukes and
making the name of America great and
respected.'-',.' : ''"'i:".-.:
Cast an eye at the ducal monarchy
over which the aged Emperor Francis
Joseph presides and you will ' see the
Duchess de Vlseu, formerly Miss Anita
Stewart of Philadelphia and the Count
ess of Szeehenyl, formerly'Miss Gladys
Vanderbilt of New York, leading lights
in, the land of archduchesses.
In Germany Baroness Speck von
Sternberg, formerly Miss Lillian Lang
ham of Kentucky; Baroi.eis von Schroe
der, formerly Miss Murphy of San Farn
Clscov and an army of their American
sisters exercise sueH an international
influence that the authorities want to
stop the marriage of German diplo
matists with American women.
" " Tiew of Xate Xing Leopold.
On the other hand the late King Leo
pold of Belgium looked upon the in
fluence of the American woman as be
ing so valuable to an old community
that ha praised every Belgian nobleman
who took an American wife. And are
not euch American women as the Bar
oness Moncheur, formerly Miss Clayton,
wife of the Belgian minister at Wash
ington and Madame Havenlth, formerly
Miss Foulke of Washington, all doing
their share to advance the American
sphere of influence.! .
Even in poor old Spain, which is so
far off the beaten track of Europe, I
find the Duchess de Areos, formerly
Miss Lowrey of Washington, expound
ing -to Spaniards the blessings of
American liberty.
The number of American women who
have married diplomats Is legion. These
alliances are usually made between the
Wealthy American girls and the younger
members of the foreign diplomatic corps
in Washington. The influence exercised
by American wives of foreign diplo
mats la enormous. Personally I believe
the diplomacy of alt Europe is largely
dominated by American women, r
-Ever- since- the - first international
marriage. 117 years, ago, which was that
of Miss Sally McKean, daughter of a
governor of Pennsylvania, . with Mar
quis d'YfuJo, these unions have gone on. -Increasing
until American influence has
gained an -almost irresistible momen
tum. International marriages are a
blessing for old families of Europe
, and ' are far from being an unmixed
evil for America... ; ;
houses with the windows protected by
harem casements.
And from that moment any doubt
which may have existed as to the wis
dom of allowing English , wometj to
nurse and doctor Bulgarian and Turkish
aoldlers'was dispelled. The patients
themselves were loud in gratitude and
approval of the manner In which, they
were handled, and on the other side the
doctors and nurses can never speak too
highly of the delicacy, courteny and
chivalry shown by their Bulgarian pa
tients. When, finally, after seven week
of hospital work, we decided that there
was no further need for our service,
and that there was no longer any work
with which the local authorities could
not deaf, some of our patients wept. An l,
when those who had to be transferred
to another hospital were told that t .-
would be as well cared for -as tluy 1. 1
with us, they shook their hen, 1x.
Nevertheless,. I. am inpr-sid .!'
th. conviction , that. H (.ii.V
Bated evil. And the inui):KMuu li.. ,
indelibly 1 on . my mind i t'nis: It i
time that the world nm.li $ l;n i '
as to whether "" n-t it irt.ivv- ); i
reality of hi irtt. .And if i:
In a ns;r!v.-; er u t r r .
t ID
r t