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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (April 1, 1913)
- THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL. PORTLAND, TUESDAY -EVENING, APRIL 1, E JOURNAL i tit AN iv vr-FNT NKWSPArr.R .-. . Pulllbrr f"jr i"cra)i-$ irx-ept feurnlajl and ":'i.-y BjfrnitiZ at The JpiirnM Itund i: I.: i:ilIih- mill Yamhill ta-Portland. Or. Ki tiia ivsinffl.-e at I'ortlRnd. Or, f r trati-nil-sida through lb alalia M Kcond 1 t!'!t!tr. - . 'i i i.::;'Hom s tii ii!.v hmm uKii All dff.ai tii!fnt .rencbed bjr thea tiumbefafc thi fiprfirtr nRt qpaPtfflww yon want. H'KKIfiS A1VEKTIS1NU KKI'RKKNTATIVK , Hf-nja'mln A Krntuor Co.. Bmnaavirk, Building $23 Hfih avenue.-. New lork; 1218 Hopte'c BoiMSnr. Cnlrf. ' - Subscription Term by DialT or ta oj addreas in uia tuned state or Mexico: . .v. DAILY Ooe year,.,..".7?fc.00 I One'sxratfe. - . .. SUNDAY Oa year.....".. .$2.50 I One inrttrft DAILY AKD SUNDAY One jur. ...... .17.60 I One month........! .65 The Intoxication of anger, like that of the grapo,1' shows us to others, but hides us from our selves. We; injurs our Own -aue, in the - opinion of the .world, when we too passionately . difcnd Jt. Colton,. - , TUB ACTOCILVT 9P AVALL ST N the passing of J. P. ; Morgan I the stage of the high finance of I . the world has lost Its most strik Ing and dominant actor. . . As i when r a ;great king dies - the .eulogy .Qegins that he thought re call jv so of this, money king it may truly ; he, said that; he4 f thought in minions. Toe reality: or his autoc Tat his. peVsoual wle,f may be judged from thlsi:Whereas the other great Jiiooey ; powers f : theworld re "spoken of collectively as," for instance, i the Rothschilds," the . in dividual name J. P. Morgan stood for all and more than . the power that vanyf other great financial-entity could k4diJ!h,e ancientEug Jish phrase v,th which the king de clares bis, assent to an act passed , by parliament, "-''Le Roy Je, vut," the king wills It," was In .the life time of J. P.: Morgan no empty " boast. '.There is; a i certain magnifi cence about the man who made, who sustained, who forbade immense en terprises as h pleased., it would he unjust . to describe hfni as money lover; The millions that he "made' were" not the real prizes in the - game, he played so long as life was in him. .They were the proofs and nieasur.es.of ,hia suc cess, .of his M'innings. " He was early entered at the great game. Thanks to his inherited fortune and position, he began' at the " top , which - moBt ambitious" men , of finance , spend half their -Jives to reach. He was already a power when at a corresponding, age the names, of, other nten who have in the end ..amassed .great fortunes were scarcely known outside Of the small circle that bounded their ac tivities. - , , lie was no vulgar spender, prodi gal of easiiy-wron millions. , He bad real interest in beautiful things in -many arts.: In getting together his unexampled 'collections .he showed the qualities of his nature. It the rarest, of rare or valuable books, or laces, or statues, o r ivories, or jewels," or tapestries, or pictures were to ' be found and puhased, J. P' Morgan's skilled agents "were set to work. A short announcement surely followed, that- the greatest of American collectors had acquired them.." ' : J ,1 ; : AVhat -is 5 the other side of the bhii'ld?, 'He played the- game by his own rules.. In his dazzling successes he set up standards where, as" in theronstrjicUonof the billion dollar steel trust, he raised stock water ing to a fine art. He imagined mil lions of value, more prospective than actual, in the properties that be ' handled,; and'embodied his imagina tions in enormous issues of stocks and bonds, -in which his own name an d "repute were the: greatest asset. To sustain those , values thousands of iiini. Americans, Poles, Bohe mians. Slavs, Italians, sweated out their lives ia m'jaes, and furnaces for the steel trust for many years.' . He", more than any other man, It responsible for the ' centering pf the control of American finance. in a small group ruled by him and h is partners and allies to a degree that 'by tornmon con s eji t, has created , th gravest financial perill to thp American t people." Sii!h a'areef, Jivedont on a fcm. Jl scale, would have .drawn on Vti bject general condemnation;. He v. oJd have been jutrged si, danger to fhe fepublie. The gfeatneSs; of ;thc man' who has tioW - died, th f . t wide-scoperof the affairs in v i he. lived, moved and had, his f j should not blind us to'the r ,; ;ies in his career. - A.S OTHERS SEE VS - ' TI1U view of the steamship . ompany ; contemplating business ith a port there is something more essential than public docks. " eve is something liiore imperative t) an a thirty foot channel: to the hoaor the completion of the Jetty.' I.:ven an einltablo Astoria terminal i)c not welsh in importance v i'.'i ti e organization of citizens for i! Mipport and extension ofcom , i -lid E.. J. II, Nash of the ... i :;iil line, while in Portland -riion is not repeated with t ht that it will bo'contest :,! -..too obviously true, .What . : i- iKx'ks and deepened chan i ' is physical expression of . v ht'd ricterminatlon which r ' ;-. an. i develops trade- pm- ' ' ? . "'. !"! si ti.eg $ : nniwr! f-ijuipmetit -but ;. - com- ration in to irce piim'Ivt'ti as the steamship companies sin us. Ve may. have at our bas-ia 'magnificent tributary territory. AVe may have a water grade hau from all of it. We may have' a position of strategic influ ence among coftst cities. But with out organized determination to da velop the , business that offers all these . splendid assets-, may - not- be effective for a full' expansion of commerce. The Hamburg-American and the Royal Mail lines have both evidenced a dollars and cents con fidence in this city, by announcing the 6electfbn of Portland as their Pacifio coast terminal.r .Permanent continuance of the service is con tingent, k however, upon Portland's making good. And to make good involves aggressive pubfic policy Jn expanding; commerce.- Seeing 'our selves as the steamship companies see us, are we prepared? . STILL AY IMPORTANT FACTOR r HE joint committee on federal aid in the. construction of post road b, of which ex-Senator Bourne is chairman; consists of four, senator other than, Bourne and five representatives, an d it would therefore ... seem . that Bourne .position, where .he will still exerelse a very -powerful Influence in .connftclion with Oregon affairs. With : people interested, in .the, con- struction of roads as they are, he is in almost as-good a position as If -haa;ere chairman of one of the big senate committees. In a recent letter he predicts that- the sundry civil hill will - be repassed at the special sessions lie nas - taken up the matter of the" Crater lale item with t the appropriation committees of the two houses and "has Keen as sured it Willie included in the form in which it" passed at"TBe fast reg ular session. ' EVERY TARME11A. STOCKMAN HE New York Journal of Com merce notes that not one ship ment of live cattle has been made from the United States this ear, "white In the last six months only one hundred head of cattle,. w,ere sent to Eiirope and all these were Canadian. ' - I The American export of cattle is dead, r There is small chance of its revival. . - r : ." . Are the . trdVts liable for this? No,, for the -reasons are economic conditions Jn- this country. TJie breaking - .up - of the cattle ranches of- the west has so reduced the number of cattle raised for food that '.the . yearly increase has "not even kept pace with the demands ol ous own population. 1 - Recently, In Chicago, fat cattle, and cattle for feeding have brought the same, price, since feeding cattle are so scarce. .. ' Experts say ; that the s'upply1 of cattle for slaughter is at least twenty-five per cent short of- whairwoTrtd: be expected from the growth of pop ulation and of consequent .demand. 4 jWbether the removal of the tariff on imported Cattle would help the situation to any g reat ..extent is doubtful. Canada has no "feeders" to 8pare,:and whatehas will be fattened on her own pastures. . . .. - The vice president" of the. Live Stock Exchange National- bank of Chicago, Mr. G. A.-Ryther, summed up an address he. gave to a large meeting of farmers the other' day in these terse words:. "Get into the stock business. There never was a better time. Don't. worry about the markets, the .man who loses is the speculator. Feed 'your stock. 4 Ship to market when it is ready, Be gen erous to the earth which yields you her harvest. A sure ' and rich re ward will be yours." The sime authority gave the. same advice that is constantly being urged by the farmers' friends everywhere. "Raise your- own calves. Do not be grudge then'the necessary pasture." It may be too much to expect dairymen as . a clasB to follow this adyjee But they might make some cooperative arrangement with their neighbors who are not dairymen to raise the calves on joint account. One thing Ts certain. A national lack of young stock- Is going to raise still higher, the present exaggerated price .of beef, and this by virtue of general laws, outside of "all questlojis of the high cost of living. . CHINESE PROGRESS T HE last number, of the. Far Eastern Review', records t h e opening, of the new through , rail, route , between Shanghai and Peking, ; ;ubroken only by the crossing xil the" Yang-tse . river at Nanking. . The Journey between Shangnai the chief port in South China to the northern capital is now made in forty hours instead of five' days. The1 total mileage of the new through line', is 892. Dining cars and comfortable sleeping cars are provided. The new road cross's n.n' Immense agricultural plain.. Its o efatloh should prove a reat fo" of new revenue, i-.' Another interior trunk ;linr i whfch construction from tho. ; ceeds of a jolftt loan of .$30,000,000.' provided by English, German and American capitalists has been peud ing since before the revolution,, has now closed tip its , contract. The portions allotted to be built tinder supervision of the engineers of each nationality are now to be put under construction;. ';.--. v;' So far the breaking pt negotia tions for the six 'power . government lcau.JLu8'jujtrovei.Anyj)lBUilQ.iii the way of other loans for indus trial pu rpofies in China. --- Chinese war apainst opium 'gviog bravely on." Much -has Iwn -.mnde of the losses 'of tho Indian traders whoe imported opium has been for-.! bidden .y -4he Chinese government to be sold. But the sacrifices that China has faced on her side have been forgotten Estimates on reve nue -receivable in . 1913 by China from opium duties are given as $iO,- uuu.uuo. live times this great sum is approximately what the republi can government will surrender from the outlawing o the traffic, , ' In spite of her financial difficul ties, with full recognition of what the opium duties would menn - In railroads, factories, .- mines, docks, and other improvements, China pros ecutes her campaign, j Against these benefit she sets the continued de terioration of her . people - and" does noi nesuaie. The country waits patiently for President Wilson's decision on rec ognition of ;the republic - - STUDY THE NEW CHARTER 0 PPORTUXJTY is presented-by the, approach of the city elec tion.- The suggestion that good men become candidates ror ;omce and the exhortation that women register are not the subject Of this reference.vTn.e- election' has its own problem., A possible, result wm.oe an entire change in the form of city government due to the adop- tionof a-eommissiOfr-pTftH-ehart er. The opportunity is offered .the, peo ple to familiarize ..themselves with the nature of the plan. , It is the duty of the voters not to be content with generalities, pot to take tb6 evidence of another as sufficient. but to study and know the relation of proposed changes to present con ditions. It ;may . be "Assumed that the commission charter .is as good as it could be made by a body of able men working in tho- light of Port land's ,ne.eds and the experience of other.. cities,. But a charter is .the doc tt men t of "instrnctlon a f r ArfriTiX people to their servants in office. And the people can o n 1 y know whether their servants have fulfilled their duties, if they . first know what those duties" : are. This lis. another way. of urging an intelligent public understanding of a proposed change in public policy that ias vital rela tion' to the welfare of the city." The opportunity is7even greater : because a body of new voters are asked to pass as a first experience on so "radi cal a change in the -fundamental principles "of . .administration." The printed copies of the charter will be distributed this week it is-said. Two wqrda -will give the. Bum of most, important counsel:, ,, Study it. MARRIAGE AND THE CENSUS T HE census7 is a great revealer. In . almost all recent discus sions it has been assumed that the rising cost of living has been one obstacle that has been a deterrent to early marriages,-' and has consequently reduced the ma riage rate. : . It seems, however, that since 1890 the - proportion of those who are or have been married in the Amer-lc-Jn population iias - been rls ing. Twenty years ago the percentage! was 58.1 of the total population. In 1900 It was 69.4. In 1910 it was 60.8 . per tent. The females that were or had been married were, In 1890, 68.1- per cent, In 1900 68.6 per cent, and in 1910 70 per cent of the total number. - The Independent points out that figures, when, groupings by age are studied, are even more significant. In 1890 one half of one per cent of males between llj and 19 years of age were married. In 1910, 1.2 "per cent of this class had undertaken the experiment of marriage. In 1890 of our male citizens between 20 and 24 years bid,: 19.2 were mar- u,e(1 men. 22.1 per cent In 1900, and 24.6 -per cent in 1910 In all the age classes up to 35 the in creasing proportion of the married Is fpund, but in the age classes over 35 the percentage Is decreasing. . - In. foreign countries, even In Frnce, the-entry intoMnarrled life at'an earlier age is increasing, virhe cause, whatever it is, is plainly gen eral in its operation. It -began be fore the rise im prices had been seri ously felt: It persists, though aver ages of rent, clothing, food and f"el are distinctly rising in all civilized countries. -r ' A probable cause Is In the earlier maturity of the people, the earlier independence of both boys and girls from the restraints of the family home, and their entry into the wage Yarning class at an earlier age, Present efforts to afford technical education to a far greater number, and so to raise the standard of wage earning generally will operate in the t same direction. The substitu tion of technically , educated, and competent young people for the Irre sponsible' "lass who ' sniatch,.jit the first opportunity of acquiring spend ing money will also aid in the adop tion of a more iled and serious AUIUTOUIUJI PROFITS C - X DENVER -quite recently the , . . .... .... ejtvTw v ia 'j same four masterpieces that they 'are giving this week in Portland, with the same, performers .and ac ctssorles. ;':.;:.;-::':; '. y'A ' The prices for tickets tanged from three dollars downwards, instead of Portland prices(, of," seven "dollars downwards. - The "reason? ' Because ' Denver has an auditorium 'which is' said to hvwCost650J)J).0wlierALUicsd. operas on a metropolitan scale were plven. - . ' - - ---f:- Denver had a population of 21 3,-' 000 by the last census. From that population enougii music and 6peva lovers were found to mke the lower prict?s acceiitable. ' . - in comparing prices as . between Denver and Portland the cost of the extra journeying must be taken into account, and probably gives reason for a somewhat higher-scale of prices here.1' ' "When" summing up the worth of the auditorium to this city it is fair to4 notice that it wjll give opportuni ties to a far greater numberrof our citizens to share the great' enjoy menf of the crowd, that filled the Orpheura theatre last night and, certainly; at lower cost. Letters From the Peopje fHCommomeitlon nt 'to. Th Journal tot publication la Uils dvparimeni anooia ot writ ten on ouj one aid ot th-Tiawr. ahould not exceed SOO word In lengtb and mnat v c companled y tbe uaui aud fldre it . tb endef. lr tlie writer does not nwiro.. w nt (tin uamo pttbUabtd, be abould ao Hut.f i Contrac thn and ''High Cost."' ' I'ortlarid. March. 31.WT0 th Editor of The Journal--! noted an article ln Sat urday'a . Oregonian, entitled "Power Cliieftains Are Honor Guests.,f ne of tlie gueste; C. M. Clark, an, eastern capi tallst was the leading speaker. , From time, to tinre we' havebeard all kinds of explanations of oiir . bad mofcetary Bystein. Mr. t-lark says money is sim ply '' ZMVfoit:rtctiW&lSte!il agree ' with the speaker, and it 4s .the only -coneetfeion I can make, becauae it is governed by supply and demand. As In all cases ,'tf there is .m& overproduc tlon of anything, down goes the price, and vice versa, , ; The, same may be said or the finances or tne naiion, u per mlttcd to be oOrnered by-the r eastern financiers, who are very busy at pres ent, as jn years past, lndlctating the remedies for our bad monetary system. On April 12. 1866, congress, passed a law autherlzlng' the secretary, of the treasury to sell 'a-20 ' bonds, and with the proceeds retire United States cur rency, Including greenbacks. Again, on December 4, 1S66, R. O. Spauldlng. a Buffalo,-N7 Y banlter, a member of congress, wrote to-tsecreiary jvicuuocn as follows: , roirTti5awbrTiowrtoTrTBrtshT ex tent, have gontrol of the currency of the country, and I think that you will, of necessity, contract moderately, so as to preserve a tolerably easy money mar ket. There may be -occasional pasams or tightness for money, but generally I shall. look for plenty of money for at least-one year to come." When, this letter was written the country was in possession of $1,996, 687,770 of currency. During this, year there" were but 620 business .failures In th whole countryj inolving a loss of but 17,6'25,.0OO. . 1-867 the work, of contraction was vigorously pushed and there were 2389 failures, with a loss of $86,218,000. I asH Mr. Clark if It is not a fact that the suffering of the people and danger to the peace of the country became so great that congress in "1878 passed a law 'providing . that redeemed greener backs should be paid out- again. This saved to thai people $364,000,000 of green backs. I bring these facts out because I fail to note any banker as yet refer ring to any of the laws passed during Lincoln s and Grant s administrations, and now we are told that, in considering which monetary and banmng system is best, the people should give ear to what bankers say as experts. '')?: , Yes, Vai people have done this, for the past 60 years since February 25, 1862, when the exception clause was put on. a full legal tender note" exclu slyety controlled tY th. government, and In other subsequent laws 'passed by..t,ho Influence of bankers who sat In the halls of congress. It has for 60 years been seen, in the wbole tenor of congressional"' legislation; The lnter- Lests of the industrial classes have been constantly, and systematically sacrificed while the Interests of the Jbankers have been persistently pushed to the. front, until, necessitated a money-trust in vesttgatlon, whlcn disclosed that J. P. Morgan and his 118 banlc associates controlled over $25,000,000,000. It looks as If the Morgan and Rockefeller Inter ests already had a comer on our-none-. tat-y system, This class of financial legislation af-' fects the interest of the business., man and the industrial class alike. B. Si Josselyn, and especially Mr. Clark, a banker, should realize that the evil Is in the shortage of dollars and cents caused bjr contraction of the circulation, and not In the high cost of living. How is it that at the close of the war Ve had $50 per capita, as against $34 at the. present time? , CHARLES r'HEIRRir. Kings and Barons. Portland, March 81. To the Editor of The "Journal Most men w lll agree that hoboes and bums should be forced to Work; they do not believe in worthless Wlersany more than they do in a no bility. When our Revolutlonaryl war was won;-we abandoned tho thoughts of kings, lords and barons. For why should a man inlierlt a title and wealth and the power to TOh over our people? But what, was It we really dreaded? AVas It the names of "king," "lord" and I'buron," or was It the .wealth '.and Pm(;r..tlwtww,t.wl.tli,them?. Would: .we need to fear' empty' titles: that carried no power?, It is because we Jink these titles with wealth, power and privi lege Hint we dub our great capitalists "copper kings," "coal barons," etc. They possess Wealth' and privilege and have power over the lives of their fellow men, for they own or control the Indus tries at which the people must work to earn a living. What greater power than this could they tiave the power to give or withhold the necessaries of life? And this power and'this-privilege are nereuuary m tne family of the capital i'11, J,lst a8 th tlUo and power 'of the noble was ia his family.; And so alao do the children of, the poor Inherit the poverty and helplessness of their fathers. Are.tiiesB the conditions for which the men-of 1776 fought and of which the Fourth of July orators " have boasted ever since? The heir to millions has "no visible mean8 of support," bat no Judge sends him to the rookplle on ac count of that, for his invisible means of support are highly satisfactory. 4n the forms of stocks and uku iMJipwi 'th;y lead to the homes, fHrm., stores, factor ies, mines aud railroads, . and tliero take their toll from tho labor of the work ers: The producers,, of wealth divide up their earnings with, the idle owners of capital. ' -"'; - ' When some- of ihese workers become discouraged, improvident and dissipated, we say they should be forced back into ludusiry to make more profits for tlie real kings, lords . and barons . of the United States the men who own our Industries, control our livelihood and hand down that Same privilege to their idle sons and daughters in this land of the free and home "of the brave. " ..... w; Mi .... :'.'' : ; ' :- :. t . ' ,. ' Tlie Licensed Liquor Traffic. s "' 1 rood River,. Or... ifarch 27. To the Kdltor of T'he Journal Foe. .over 60 years the American people "nave "been Tbfifr&tirpTttrir-Jp?efaeprBf -ctitbf stivh 'vast proportions that If thVy were to llv BO-years more -they-wouhl floubi; IfMs I'f'Ir -hack with sorrow mid a sense of .l"Hia l.ill(in. ' This nrectarla inhu man in Km V ncjpllon end plarinR iti ils Impudence, i-i. ciiilirnccd in' four Words PERTINENT . COMMENT SMALL CHANGE If you "can't get it. forget It ''-- ,-. None of us knows what a day may bring forth.- - April is'the big planting month; it can't be ovc rone, Has nobody yet charged the floods on tho Democratic partv? . , .. .- , , ... '.-. X. Thar feasting donkev Js behaving tilinself remarkably well. " - . r - . . Partnership" of government and big bankers is to be avoided . , - , . It may be well for the country tbat congress isn't paid by the day or month. . Too miXelils Tiappertlngfor reports to be made Of how golf games go Witri Taft. - Unless the federal -Jobs they get sre rat, some-; men-will never" recoup their expenses.- . What man's politics. Is "cuts .no Ice' as to his fitness for mayor or com missioner, In the Ohio emergency President Wil son has shown, himself to be the right man iu his place. ' - The eountrv will A the Democratic policy of graduating the income tax. . though man v win tiink $4000 rather a high exemption figure. An American suffrftEret't appeals to Senator William AMn Umitu Intercede in belialf of another Ameri. van suirragette who is suffering from a. ' hunger strike." A proper reply might be: "Let her behave 'herself' A hews disDateh savn 'this nuMsti nt TOrkey wept bitterly when he heard of -the capture of Adrlanople. This af fords one fragment of nimiKtinn nt Turkish incapacity to resist the allies; a .ruler fit to rule doesn't cry like a THE HEART OR Mark Sullivan in Collier's Weekly. Little Falls is a town of 12,000 in the middle of New Xorjt state, at a'lovely spot on the Mohawk river. - Last sum mer there was a strike there, . (Bo raute wages in ther-mills-had -been-re-- duced , from $6 a week to $5.40, and from $7.50 to $6.75.) .. When the stories ot rioting, violence and slums came out of . the little city, an editorial in a We--Yorr-paperrvWefltlywrHten by one who had known the town In his youth, remarked In mild sumrise: "Disheartening in the extreme is the description given jot Little Falls as a community. ... .Middle-aged New TorkerS remember it as the, most beautiful of all the -Mohawk valley villages. ' Now we read of. slums more foul than any in Now York city or Philadelphia; of nouses built over a brook, that has be come an open sewer of filth, poverty, and overcrowding." Now, what was the cause? And lust wnat had happened 7 Another newspa per, the New York Evening Post, ,de- scrlhing the Btrlke an thrt tnwn as it is today, told, without meaning tj. par ticularly exactly, what had happened: "ihe city Is a-mill and manufacturing town. , The owners are men who saw these mills 'and factories grow up. Ti tus Sheard came to town barefooted and buiit up a big business Rob-' ert MacKlmon started In a little shed, and, after a time, had more than 2000 employes." . . , - There, in epitome,. lsfvhat the hign protective tariW has done for'.America. (The beet, only, of what It has done Were is more to follow.) Two men, per- hops five, or a hundred, depending1 on the size of the.jown, have been made rich; 2000 others, or 10 to 100.000, have become laborers and gone steadily down ward in the social s?ale. The picture of a factory village. Is' everywhere the same one pig mansion on top or tne hill, a thousand meanimiecottages-lrrphFHOiHmr iiT American life, The the valley. High protection has tended to divide all America into a small caste of baronial factory owners at -th.t1.49p, and- a large mass of feudal laborers at the bottom. But let us keep to the spe cific case of Little Falls: "About five years ago there was a strike in the MacKinnon mill. Till that time practically all the. local employes were Americans, or like Americans IrishV English, - German., The strike was broken by the importation of several hundred ' 'foreigners.' It is some of these foreigners who are striking now. The foreigners changed the character of the city in -many re spects. They doubled the police court business. - The foreigners took possession,' and the odor of garlla suc ceeded that of flowers and the milder geiajbjes- where there had been clean inefesandTrrtde in neatness, there came the slovenly firfthdf overcrowding and poverty economizing. The newcomers, the foreigners' of today, crowded every- one else out." There again Is the typical evolution of the American town; first, soon after, high protection was adopted, the fac tory, owners searched the farms for na tive American girls and young men; then came a pertod every middle-aged American can remember It when the factories, were filled with German and Irish girls and youths, the first Ameri-can-Dorn generation of those races. To dav walk through a typical factory and you will scarcely see; ait Irish or Ger man face; the factory owners are now using up the children of the more recent IminigrantST-Italian, Polish, Slavic, Greok.- (And if the process were to go on, if tlie "Republican party, dominated by the factory-owning element, had kept its "grip on the country, 29 years from now, you would see the factory ownea-s filliiig thelr mllls with Hindus, Japs, and other Asiatics.) Now, .ask yourself what .becam of that generation of Amerloan-born fac -i-the licensed liquor traffic. It has been the chief of all sins, because it has aided and abetted' every sin. Hew far the saloon ' influence has extended will never be known,-but surely enough Is'JsiWvwn ito warrant such an effort 011 tne part or fljtH;nT-minaea people tnat comparatiyf si- HJ)ut a shorttime most .ihf " !o I system' will be entirely niuoiisiu 1, ' Jfntwlthstamlliig the fhovetnent Is becoming niov there is still an lndtfferenco deplorable. The wrong that is Inflicted upon the. growtng youth 'is appalling. It has been no uncommon thing for daughters of sa-Joonmen to plead with iheir. fathers not ; to sell any more liquor,- for they felt disgraced.. It is au Indisputable fact that families of sa loonmon cannot move lu the best so ciety. Does not tWs alone furnish something to think about? When, we consider every -phase of this question, how can wt shut our eyes to the great humanitarian motives that 1 should prompt us irrthostrtvinr foruch laws and conditions as will lessen the uglii ness of tlie situation., Often tlie young er ones see more clearly the fiendish out lines of the miserable business of the trade. --'-..-). -; - -.. 'V It is tiothlng surprising that w:hen saloonkeeper-are converted they become Insane. In some instances. -.This probably w6tfTnvrVt TJCTtrnrs-oterff liner flerrrmor r sane. 1 Ignorance, self Ishriegs and offl cial"ambltlon arn directly rrsponlble for this crlsV In bodlrs '"end souls. WliHt are men and women that they should ha niimlmtful of this reot and grievous rung to society? Our Chris- AND NEWS IN BRIEF OREGON SIDEUGUTS Local - talent at- Condon, presenting "The Scout of the Plrilippines," earned $135 net, for St. Mary's hospital. ',. Monroe Leader: Talk about the "hlsh cost of living, "f when spuSs are sellins 8t $5 a tort In Monroe. And they are fine potatoes, too. . . - . Union -Republican: The Rwpnbllean Is informed that a kiln of-brickwill be burned at Union this Beason by 8. L; Hunter who -burned the-brick in sev eral of the better buildings of the town. .; .1. -1 ' . '... . . ., The retail merciiants of Lebanon have organized a branch of the Oregon- Re tail Merchants'' association.- Officers are: A. M'. Reeves, president; N.. D. Keethavcr, vice president; John A. Wot zel, secretary; W. H. Donaca, treasurer. TlHamoolc Herald:" By another montH the Odd Fellows iwill have under way the erection of their new business block and halk The new building will be 80x 102feet, two stories, and will he-constructed of brick at a cost of $21,000. Astoria n: With a. genuine, Vld fash ioned celebration of the-Fourth of July and an equally genuine list of regatta events, the. eighteenth annual . regatta at Astoria ought to be immensely suc cessful. Let's "go to it" spiritedly and make it the beat ever known here. ugene"Guard: The Portland, Eugene - Eastern Railway-company Will oc cupy the old M.- E. -church building for a few months at least. . The. engineering department moved into the building to day " A trainmen's -club will probabiv be established sodn ahd .will have head quarters in tha biJlrdlng;- . ,, :--'.. i . . . . .- ' Independence Monitor: J. M., Jentry Is the hop peg-king ofPolk county, and as Polk county is the hop center of Oregon,;. he becomes the hop peg king of the world, j Ha comes into town every few laya with ,a hayrack foaded witn tiiese bundles ot .peers, ins crop thia year will aggregate several million pegs. . THE QUESTION tory workers, and of the Irish and Ger mans who followed them, Tntnk through to the answer of that question, ahd you will realize the devastating tragedy tbat the high .protective tariff has brought Upon America. . Thev were . a whole some class," the American - girls who worKea in- tha rac tones in the ws. Charles Dickens, on his. American trip, found little to praise, but he rose to real enthusiasm over the mill . gl rls mof LoiWMik-r Hf ound ."ho tbne y ouhg (rl Who i I would' hav removed from those works if I had the power." Ha spoke of "their cleanliness and comfort," their : "Joint-stock pianos": in the boarding houses, the circulating li braries that thev organized and man aged. "Finally," he said in a cllmax of. enthusiasm lor these American mill girls ot the '60's, "they, hive got np arhong themselves a, periodical," .Which developed at least one poetess of some distinction. , What became of these native Ameri cans, and the Irish and Germans who folio we-them? It is common to say that they went up in the social scale when the newer immigrants came In. Only to a negligible degree is this true. For .the most part, they did nothing of tlie sort. They . disappeared from the face of the earth. How colild it be oth erwise? The young women were kept working in the mills during all the years .when thejr might have been bear ing and.-raising children; when they could work no longer they were thrown on the. scrap heap, and that was the end of them and their kind.. Moreover, the native American had , a higher standard of living, which the first, gen eration of immigrant born acquired in their turn. Then the factory owners brought in another kind of immigrant, with a lower standard of living, against which the others could not compete. night in this situation is the cause, of one of the most deplorable economic statesman who works out. the relation between high protection and race sui cide will have gona, far toward getting his bearings right. . , The -harm lay not In the fact' that protection stimulated immigration; we needed. the immigrants, and need them yet inore of - them than we. shall ever get. But there was harm in our letting the factory owner use the immigrant to lower the. Wages and standard of living of those already here: there was harm In letting the factory owner use up and throw on the scran heap - the native Americans and the first American gen eration of Irish, Scotch, English, and Gefman .born. Moreover, there has been untold harm. In the way we have used "our " immigrants, dumping them into -factory slums instead of taking them on the land, using them up as If they were soulless raw material of manufacture, and throwing them in turn 011 the scrap neap, If, an intelligent and efficient general manager were put In charge of the United Mates, with the puruose of re duclng tire high cost of -living - and menaing otner economio ills. Ills first act would be to take a large number of' persons now lu the cities making; iui uvivitb, kiiu put viiviu - uii trie . laiiq r,ii.Ainii' , . ', . ralsmg potatoes, The most effective way for government to achieve the same result would be to take away" the pre. mium put on factory work by the oro. tective tariff, This may seem rough surgery, but no ', one would be more benefited than the ones who are re turned to the land. Let us be lntelectually honest shout tho tariff. It Is not necessary to ad voeate-th'e Immediate wiping out of all protection, ir war nad not intervened, to Inflame passjon, the abolition of Slav try would have been ;done gradually, with, tare to alleviate the economic re- aajustments or its passing. But there never was any doubt about the moral aspect of slavery. . tlon civilization amounts to very little If it cannot stand and make itself felt in. this crisis. ' . JULIA A. HUNT. Women and the Work Day. ' V Portland, March 31. 1913. To lie Editor of The Journal Last summer Wnen T.Be' women sought the ballot through an ihltiatlvt measure, we spec- aiHisalonn ""ate as to wnether. they would,, upon e poiHT-44hei'J4JJon of the-ballot,, develop a which i. t-s; NoivtJiat a universal iiwip nuixT . , -ring agitated we are agreeably S;; jd xo find the women' llnod up mildly for it. When some of the orjMiion hint at unconstitutionality, the woMen- threaten to decapitate1 the courts without any sanctimonious reverence for the divin ity of those -sacred fossils, a demon stration. of 40,000 men and won, rar. aded the streets ef Los Ang.-i, , f..r a universal eight hour work ti;iv universal eight hour work day nica-n more Jobs , for - the workers, For instance,- thajal lis at -Oregon City- have two 12-hour shifts per-day. If three eight-hour shifts per day were in force the . mills would : then employ at the rate of 800 men In the place of every 200 now employed. " - MURrilT HANRAHAN O'TOOLB. Jlountalneers' eed of Roads. tor of The Journal AVe have been read ing, so much. theOasl year or so in re gard to good roads, but not a word n to. us poor, .corralled niouritalneors, who have no road at all S you might say. If there rj a law to prevent our THE INSANITY OF EUROPE y - From The Nation (London). Moralists are accustomed to" speak of the unity and close. Interrelation of peoples in the modern world as-though It were a self-evident blessing. What It may Je one day is the secret of the dreaming prophet and the . theorist. What It is today is to all appearance art, accumulated curse. All the ?ontL- -ivm jiHs .aKen in. tne early. weeKs or this year the resolution to arm afresh, , and if one inquires, into the immediate cause, the answer- Is a reference to what has hnnrmneri in tVia fn- -n-n, l lii, . eastern Europe.' The German decision to -make-. an t immense increase lu her ' land forces preceded the French pro posal to return, to the system of three' years' service, and all the semi-official explanations of "the German attitude refer us to the hew portept of the ap- pearance iii the. Balkans of a military power which must Uecome increasingly formidable."" " ----.-.l..;; The return of France to three years service supplies a precise measure of the worsening of the European position. In 1805 France decided that a two years' term would suffice. ; In 1913, She repents of her moderation. No one argues that the additional year is necessary for the tralninarnif the. soldier, r j'he third year men are wanted Bolelyl to cover' the frontier against a sudden attack. It is commentary enough Oq the working of the group sytem, which smooth apola gists applaud as the very-'nlechanlsm o . peace. . France and RusslavGermany and Austria, are linked -m closer alii. ancff-ioaay man theywrere-t1ght year ago, and the only consequence is that all of them" are forced inte fresh expe-". dienta to hrlncr Jholii ii.mI. i- , maximum. The Temps assures us glib ly that peace will crown herself with liftmortal olives when the dual alliance has perpetually two and.a half millions-' of armed men in its barracks . .There is no finality, even there. In a few years, when the aimament firms are huncrv ' for freah-ordors,. tho supreme effort of- -1913 will be denounced as perilous mod eration, When France has put her last youth into uniform, she Will remember her- unused .reserves of; Arabs or neJ groes, or .else she will calculate how much a freshoan to Russia would add . In number, efficiency ahd mobility to the. tsar's-unlimited legfons, When the growth of German armies has outpaced the .increase, of he"' population, the triple alliance "can-turn- to exploit more completely the military -possibilities of Uj?5Pjyflania or Turkey. The game in 1 1 a 1 ' n nnir n n . l .t r. 1 .T, ber therlvals start with no" advantage. " won. France and Germany arn each about to fine ; themselves for . twenty millions annually, and to compel their " hundreds of thousands of young men to exchange the home and the workshop for the .demoralization of the barracks. But their relative, position will be ex actly what it was before this .latest ef fort. .. . . .. ........ . lt It is this evident historical fact that no power or group of powers seems un- ' der modern 'conditions to win a : final, advantage over , its rivals, that makes the strength of, the pacifist case for a deliberate and concerted reduction of . nrmfimonta T t 'n n.M. , , ... 1 1 1 1 .. all round to the budgets of thegret- ' powers mHkes no combination the., stronger, a. simultaneous reduction would alter nothing in their relative strength, While an Indefinite' series of permutations and combinations Is pos sible In the construction of group's, it is an illusion to suppose one grouii can certainly reckon on outarmlng or outbreiedlng its rival. It may seem an untimely moment, while .this, madness rages as never before, to recur to the ideas which the late Sir-Henry Camp-bell-Bannerman set forth In the first ' number of The Nation. Europe' has never seemed less ready to listen to rea Bon. But if there has .been a devastaU.I "O xfu.wa.aa) vi iVIJ I I1C1 Q JltlS ttlrllf been a humiliating exposure of folly. Is it possible that when the French taxpayer makes his fresh contribution he will 'not reflect that h German tax payer is also incurring a now .burden which cancels his own saerific? " It it conceivable that the fresh, conscripts on one side of the border can go through their drill without thinking of the new ' recruits Who Bta training- fn-ahnnt Ihun Mvnii vu hue, viuct I lyOiUpilUr VL rl T. nn IftA ltin.4 fl-1 . . ... . . M tne oaiance suggests readily enough the recurring futility of this-constant ad dition of a weight to one scale which" Is always counterpoised by.lts equiva lent in the other. Td assume that the civilized world wlU never ; turn . with . . disgust and "shame from such an object lesson "would be to despslriof human reason. Tht last : British Initiative'" failed, partly because it wai pushed half-heartedly and without faith, but still more because our relations with Germany were at that time deplorably. bad. The one hopeful point In the new situation is that this particular antag onism has abated and hasTieeft replaced by mutual confidence. A. year hence The Hague conference wllr-mect; again. It would be a task worthy of British diplomacy to resolve that it shall not meet without a. erlou effort to com bat this madness of competitive arms mcnts. , From Germany we ' need not fear the old oppositloiitsnrli'f rom ' ths new president of the - United - States comes a saner and nobler .vision of pol- Ity than Europe knows. WlthMr. Bryan "-f in charge of Its foreign policy, it would b reasonable to expect enthusiastic Co- operation. Why, then, should not Brit aln and the United States,? both" re moved by a blessed operation of nature -from the circle of this frenzied compe- -tition, and both under enlightened gov-" ernments and leaders, confer With each , other as to the1 best method of saving, Europe from herself ? i.; -, - t . .- v neighbors from obstructing 'our wr with gates or whatever they may m fit,; the mountains would in a few ; i be dotted, with, prosperous lir" -i and orchards, instead' of poison' oak and. fern, as they are nbw. We ould also be subscribers to Portland ? daily T's pers If we were hot so ' a-red in our way to the mall box. would like to hear from other reader on this subject ,y, : J'-v'';' "' " h- A' W- . :AH Fool ' Day ' : i This Is the day-of the red ,-. hot penny and the pocketbook. on a string; the day when we . . all start nervously when ay one tells us we have lost some- f i. thing. .. . . ." Most of us Kse something .every day-without appreciating , our loss. AVo lose opportuni- j ties to sav'- money, epportuni---v.tles to c l tlown the cost of vlnrr. '' mid opportunities to " nt the best prices. 'Every . i-A April- Fool's day for t..iu of us. who go about, wi'tJi. -closed eyes. . v ' But there is no April Fool's . day on tlie calendar of v the ' merrbants of this city who ad- vertise In TlliJ JOURNAL. "They offer you goi 't which are "on the square," K "d qual- ' Itles, low prices every tiay and ool ' all.tne time. Keep your eyes open to your buying opportunltles-bv r"'1- . ing the advertisements lit TIa3 JOURNAL every day. . v