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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 20, 1912)
THE OREGON PAILY JOURNAL; PORTLAND. FRIDAY EVENING, ' DECEMBER 2D, 1312. THE JOURNAL AX IKnEPESDtST XEWRPAP8B ; .' JACKSON.,!. is not, sufficient warrant, for -any object is lost Bight of. The primary other ' attitude Howard Frledmann's! purpose of education is to gala the f utuMiH rrvrf entilac except Sundty) nd erjr Bandar morning at The Joarnal Bolld ng, TtH and VnntiUt-t.. -PoKland. Or. ' n(rel at the, potofflc at Portland. Or., tne tramiailwlea tliroH-a tbe niaila M MOBd ) mattr. ... , :' ,. ......j-.,- '. i v--- - tI-EPHONES - Wain 178; Horn. A-081 U departments ecbed br tbeea numbers. 111 tbe operator what departmant foe JBBja.T .DVEttTJSINa KKPBKSSSTATIVA 25 Ftftb ewma. New J2l people's ' Ui Buildlnf. CUcafCk . ' ' Bubacrlptkra lerma by tnaU or to any a4dreaa la Ibe ColU4 autea or alfxlroi , :' v DAILT yer........fs.oo One fwnth. jan year.. .$2.50 l One month. , , DAILY AND SUNDAY One rwr... .... .17.50 On month. ....I .60 ....$ .25 ....$ . Alt who joy would win must sham It Happiness pas born a twin. .-Byron. treatment of tubercnlosia than, one of critical neutrality and judicious skepticism." s ' : - There is no higher medical author ity ' In the United States than the Journal of -the American Medical A8sociatlon:fNaturally, It Ja ,;very prudent Jn accepting announcements of wonderful discoveries and chooses a position of critical neutrality. , It, is skeptical of Frledmann's discov-j ery, and however disappointing to the afflicted thousands who hare looked up in hope at the news from Berlin, its attitude is a safe one for the public to assume. J THE LEGISLATURE i IHE people "of Oregon are looking '. to the newly elected legislators for a' business session. They have done the same before, mostly .with disappointment,,' In. the sequel, '-, .-..- v ' ' Tliat i why-we Rave the initiative.' That is why there aireso many ineas , ures on the baIlot. Men go to the people with bills because they have more -confidence in .the people th,an in "the legiElatuM.! ' ' ' 7 ,-; Every- trieastwe" on every ballot is a protest against past legislative fol lies. "The initiative itVelf iff a thun derous protest. The devotion of t&e people, to thi taltlaUye. and .their un willingness to have it tinkered with Is another .protest. Nothing is without a cause. It is far more troublesome for the elector t ate to pass laws than to hare it done by the legislature. The legislature is the natural and logical place fcr law ' making: , Ye we are using the lnltia ' tlve and WBing it prodigally, using it la spite of the trouble and dlffculty that it entails, what but legislative i failures,; legislative futility and legis- lative thimble figging1 are the cause ? j ' - Gentlemen are demanding mani 1 fold changes n the initiative. Why i not' change the legislature? Why not give the people a.P&tlafing session? Why ot get down to business on the opening day,. legislate in the broad daylight, devote, each hour to pat riotic purpose, use horse sense in me aeu Derations, pass a lew reason . able and reasonable laws, and at the end Of the forty days go back home with clean consciences and honorable ruuvnlgf - f tbat Is what Is needed to correct the abuse of the initiative. That is what is needed to lessen the use of the Initiative. T CRISIS V-T SHOULD "FARMERS MERGE? A HE highest deliberative boJy In the world is in great travail. Solemn and sacred responsibil ities hang heavy, and the heart of statesmanship palpitates like the bosom of a wind-broken broncho. A number of postmastershipa and col lectorships are to be filled, and the mighty problem is shall the ap pointees be Democrats or Republi cans. Feeling the -fervor of a great Christian cause, the Democratic sen ators, grim and warlike as ancient crusaders, are set in their purpose against giving a job to a Republican. Imbued to the core with the peril to the republic, of entrusting, post masterships and collectorships to Democrats, the Republican senators are consecrating their lives : nd their sacred honor to a mighty struggle of resistence. If the nation is not stirred to its depths, it ought to be. In such a crisis, what matters it If thero la a Money Trust with its tentacles stretching f rpra the North Pole via Wall street to the southern cross, and from the morning star through J. P. Morgan's bank to the setting sun! With the federal jobs in the air, who cares even if Great Brltaia seizes" the Panama .canal, hangs Col onel Goethals to a sour applo tree and puts prohibitive toll on Amer ican coastwise ships! We had a great problem of slavt ry, but we solved it with emancipation. We were under the British joka, but George Washington cut down his father's cherry tree ajnd then licked the red coats to a frazsle. In this latest and greatest crisis let it be remembered that our own and only Ralph Williams is on the job at Washington to look after fed eral patronage, and that the govern ment will still live. power to become an effective iper sonallty. The. measure of; this ef fectiveness k of personality Is "the whole test of the efficiency of the ed ucational system. . This la' lost sight "of by most of our professional educators, and it is our professional educators, obsessed with all manner of fads and fancies," that fashion our educational system, They are substituting an attempted profundity of knowledge ' for the keenly developed personal; power of expression, address and penetration that is the primal purpose of an ed ucation and the true equipment for success In human affairs. They : are " rearing educational structure on ' structure, course on course, school on Bchool, subject on subject, and elaboration on elabora tion until both parent and child are appalled at the sacrifice of time and money required. for a degree course. Some time, a wave of reaction will sweep over the country, and a lot of great, topheavy structure will be pulled down, and educational train ing be reduced to a practical status rectness of Mr. Esterlltg's theory. Who shouUy support the -children' of this matrimonial mlstakot - Should the abandoned wife do it? Or Is 1 the county's business? - , t : Oris It nobody's business? ' V . COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF, IX THE DAY'S NEWS r nxrREss on parcels tost o N DECEMBER 5 the first ad vertisements of the allied five great express companies ap- pearea in uo newspapers. They are not proposing to allow the government to frees-e them out of business without a strugge. The Adams,, American, Southern, United T THE recent convention of the Farmed Natfopal Congress a!ctT;rCw",' Ja r P 1 nrohnsAi w.-iV,ria r.0r States, and Wells Fargo-Company " - - - n M rn II . AJ 1 f i m cnnirr.R4iirini.ll imita -with thm, ,D WH'u""!l' m auverusing cam- repeaiea in mis wona.. uut me. less N BROOKLYN, the male members of a wedding party gathered in a saloon, and after freely celebrat ing the union of their friends for an hour or so, proceeded to shoot up the place. One man was so badly wounded that he will die, and an other will carry the scars of battle through life. The dying man was the peacemaker. A fusilade of shots followed by an exodus of men flee ing from the saloon into the dark ness attracted the police, and enter ing, they found the two men uncon scious on the floor. At Denver a man was sentenced to imprisonment for life. He was a genial whole-souled man with a host of friends. He was always ready to help the needy, to do his part in caring for the sick and assist in les sening the sufferings of the unfor-r tunate. Yet, "while drunk, he quar reled with a bartender over a drink, was taken to his room by a police man, got his gun after the officer left, staggered hack to the saloon atid "got" his man. In a dazed, hor ror stricken way, next morning, he denied all knowledge of the crime. There was a long trial, and friends saw that the prisoner was defended by able counsel. The Juit deliber ated five hours over the question of whether to send him to prison or the gallows. Two things conspired to his downfall: He got djunk. He had access to a revolver. LIIT5 SAVING AT PANAMA w HILE glorying In the tri umphs at Panama of Colonel Goethals and his associates in the construction of the canal let it bo remembered that their work stands alone. Nrer can it be Letters From the People SMALL ' CHANGE (Cojntntinfcitlona tent . to Taa Journal (or pobllcatloa la this department boald ba writ, tea on ouly our aid of tba paper, abould not exceed 3tm wprda la lengtn and nuat ba ao compaolad br the Mine and addreaa ot taa ender. If the writer doea not d'lre to bare tba ume publlabed, be ahould o alata.) National Grange the Farmers' Union and the , Southern Cotton. Growers' Association ; It was argued that the influence palgn. It is suggestive that the first improvement on their ancient and musty methods which they advertise is the adoption of the standard col- oneglsilHoiTv rabi; o ZurZ Ef1 8 pfckage8' ers, of a composite body of such mag-! " f spectacular achievements of Colonel Gorgas, and the brave men under him, have set an example to be fol lowed in principle in every city in this and all other lands. For nine years the Frenca strug- nltude, and on the whole movement lu,i6'Utt""8 ,m, lue 'niers" com-gied with the problem of construc tor bettering the condition of ihe!?erC,e Conimi88lon a the recent! tion of the canal, through pest-rid- farmer, would be far greater thin! fr , den citieB, and through fever infest- that of the separate bodies 4, ?n,6r T Ivertisemei -t explains ed swamps and jungles, where life ?, Consolidation, unification, concen- I f y ? , exPress companies was a gamble and de th an ever pres tration are in the air. Even the ' ? , 6 f ood 8ervlce t0 the Public. It jent specter. Out of an average force churches have entered the race. But:, !f intere8tlnS,to see if they fol-'of 10,200 the general death rate was whether all the advantages indicated , 6 I)0stoffice lead ln publishing j 241 per thousand each year. The as poaslbe could not be gained bet-' ,,r , , charge8 or ln some : constant presence of yellow fever, ter by federation than by union lsifqu , y . ?P 6 V7 enable tho patron th most deadly scourge, and of ma- - ' . . v to calculate in advanca whnt ha i wyu io serious quesuon. A Ie3era-,h . " "'".''' jcwcm uui icaa ueaiuy m me tion of V the "four great units men-,f , pay'iM .. (aggregate, and still more disabling 1 tloned might well be controlled by! Possible that the companies to the working force from their gen- a. central committee of ispresenta-; may undercut the government in eral prevalence, made progress in tlvesTrom each one, and would give i xpreBS ra,tes the larse cities and construction all but impossible. . the advantages of common action 'j?!'18:! rarcel3 Po8t bu8iness The annual mortality rate under for defined and agreed purposes. iihi "I" ,Wlth American control started in 1905 at ouvme initiative or each of the con-i::i : f , . m.25.8 per 1000, roseto 41.7' ln 1906, stituent parts of such a Federation " X." ltlotltheir .(el to 28.7 in 1907, showed the won- ior the special benefit of its own I ... . 1" . .. ua,,lJens ana derful reducUon to 13 in 1908. to members would not be sacrificed. jfT . , ,fry 18 ,mder- 10.G in 1909, to 10.9 in 1910. and ian:ia i i i ,11 1 1 J i i v j r' 1 Twi nv t . . Why 8eek to Compromise? , ' St. Johns, Or., Pea 17. To th Edi tor of The Journal Soma time ago a writer In Th Journal took occasion to rebuke radicalism and extol the wis dom of pursuing- tha "golden mean," and mentioned Abraham Llneoln aa an exemplar of his high Ideal, apparently forgetting that Lincoln only attained his full greatness when he had coma to the position of the most radical abo litionists, - who were mobbed for their ideas but. a Bhort time before by the "gulden mean" advocates f the north. The most brilliant men of the coun try had for years beer trying to find that "golden mean." as to the slavery question. Likewise in the betrlnnin "of the troubles of the revolutionary days, scarcely anyone , was so radical, as to Imagine a separation from tho mother country. They were trying to find the golden mean between . tha rights of the colonists and the rights of King George III. The fact that King George III had had no rights divide or otherwise to conflict with their full liberty to gov ern themselves, was too monstrously radical to be thought of.-' As down through the Physical compe tition of the dark axes, men of suDerlor ability, energy and foresight, organized me warring elans Into larger and more effective fighting trusts, maintained themselves as kinsrs and rulers In furl authority at the head of th same, and transmitted this authority to their heirs regardless of their fitness as rulers, it came to be accepted aa a -divine right. The right of all men politically to Sev ern themselves, self-evident truth as it appears to all who have caught the spirit of democracy, was, and is still in many places looked upon as heinously: ana crmunany raoicai. And as the spirit grows the autocrats and their henchmen, are anxiously seeking some io mem golden means that will ntnn short of democracy, and their undolnn. in me nerce financial competition of moro recent times, men of sunerlbr aouuy ana energy have organized Indus tries into largor and mora f effective groups, and- maintained' themselves at the head 'with-. autocratic "Bowers to gov ern those Industries, and transmit that ruling power to their heirs regardless of total 'unfitness, and we look upon It as a sacred right. The right of men to covern demo- ratically the industries uDOn which their lives depend, Is no less self-evident to a man with a spark of logic In his Drain, man tne right of political self. government.,. But just at present It Is so rarti! The idea la such a shock that the aver- ge mind Jumps the track of logical reasoning and goes over to a consider ation along the line of tha shock. "Why," you say, "these men, or their fathers have accumulated capital by their own eneigy and ability." No doubt! And the same is true of kinelv mononoilst of political power. And I challenge the menuon or any other respect ln whlcn the analogy is not essentially perfect. uei oacK to tne line of reason. . We ave declared that nolitKSal authority shall not be subject to accumulation in w ivaie nanas, by-the exercise of -energy: ability, economy nor any other virtue. And why? Because it Is something that concerns the welfare of all, and its prl vate ownership results In tyranny and oppression, the division of mankind Into1 masters and servants. The same is Just as absolutely true of the private ownership of the means of production and distribution. But men are still tryinor to comnrn- mise between right and wrong, to find a goiuen mean Between truth and error. A. W. VINCENT. W.hat t masher needs ts mashing. These days, to childhood, are long. a A rood rilnnAF la f!n thlnar. Vint juici are even eener inings, , Suffragettes have been a terror to diw men man ttockereiler. . ' "i . . a .. . .. . Many entertain faint hop that this m do Bvuuiereni legislature, a . The progressives of the Elgin butter uua.ru ueaj ue government to.it . However much they sell, the stores win nave no ena or bargains left. - There will be no extra charge for, uiiuivuva vf ma parqeig post. We may soon reai) ot th aAvef rfla. cipunmg or nis wife by Jack Johnson. It seems '.like an nrrnjElnrifl.1 rtApann Is meaner around Christmas time than Enough hosewlvea enmhlnnd tan hreak an,,W ,t,rust easily . as ;ihey Can w . ...... a.m . "( To demand a a-reat mar lni Turkey after taking most of her coun try looks like'rubblng tt ln.,T It la a safe guess that the rural route carriers are not enthusiastically In favor of the parcels post. . In these times a farm laborer, Or "the hired man," needs to be a man of con siderable Intelligence and education. a The word "pioneer" la much misused: a man who came to Portland 20 or 25 years ago Is not much of a "pioneer." a a Representations of green grass and rpses in bloom are more appropriate tharrtaow scene, anway, for Christmas time tn this region. .. ?rSen'." rruIt Grower, a monthly pub lished at Rochester, N. Y., printed this month a picture and culoglstlo sketch Of Mrs. Lola G. Hllld win hn la nloa of the proprietor, C. A. Green. A Jacksonville. Pla. UiAm. n woman to jail for profanity, but re leased her so that she could attend re ligous service. That seems a aood rea son, i OliLGO.V SIDEUGUTS v. - .Burns Times-Herald: The Iwen neighborhood had a rabbit drive last Saturday and succeeded In killing about nuu. a ' Baker Democrat: Baker's T. M. C. A. Dunuin is one or tne lianusomest utrun tures In the state. It Is about coin pleted and Us Interior furnishings will soon ne installed. Carlton Sentinel: Some of the papers have been bragging about lata summer veretaotes. canton la not oenma any place in that regard. , Mr. and Mrs. V, C. London had fresh roasting ears from uieir garuen mesaay. ... There's nothing slow ahnut tha Car. field Country club members. - The iddi. tion to tne club is finished, with porch by 80. and a home shed SO bv 60 feet in the rear. After the road meeting, De- cemDer zi. mere will ba musio and a social session,; ...... : m "A Bandon Recorder: M. G. Pohl showed us a Mexican stiletto that was found i) T. Crime and Punisliinent y the road workers on Sixth street 'he Mexicans at one time rained, fnr void In the black sand here and were run out by the Indians. Jt la probable the smeiio was aoat pi least 66 years ago. CervalUs Gazette -Times:' Judra Moses gives tne oraer tnat county roads shall not be roado the dumping ground for reftj&e from Corvallts, or any other burg. Neither the roads, nor the sides of the roads may be used for such purpose, and teamsters violating the order will be arrestea ana xinea. EiiKene Register: Mrs. Mary OH f fin has carefully cared for a handsome variegated holly tree for 18'or 13 years, and It was a beauty, Sunday night some vandals completely stripped the tree of its beautiful foliage, probably to make cnrisimas wreains. now anyone couio celebrate the birth of the ChrlstChlld with this stolen holly la more than we can conceive. It was a dastardly trick 1 . Grants Pass Courier: Those Spokane men who came here during the week and went out to the great copper fields to the west were naturally surprised at the Immense deposits of mineral that await tne coming or transportation, in their oountry railroads were builded on nothing- much more substantial than prospects. I fere we have mountains of ore so rich that some of It will permit of hauYiff by wagon for a distance ot roriy nines. Effective organization would be of , consequence to farmers. It is one their worst enemy. IB express rates will be TOPHKAVY EDUCATION' ENJAMIN IDE WHEELER. says i to 11 ln 1911 y , , Yellow fever has been routed for interstate Gom.lRV Vpartt nn v,aa From malarial fevers the annual deaths per 10,000 employes have fallen from 87.9 to 9.6. The annual malarial sick list began at 821 per 1000 but has been reduced to 187. The general death rate per 1000 "we are reaching out too far in I Uving m J auauja. Colon, and the our high schools." ll0 Bays 1 anai zono nas been reduced from "children are """beine" tn.ie-l.t ! 48-3 In 1906 to 21.4 in 1911 that n-i . . nt th innw ,myA . manKS 10 tne ; era meeting and in all th f.tn,!nierce Commission a very, general re. papers. It is the chief burden of the : n, f advice tendered to the farmers by!rea tommemai and development clubs; and by bankers' associations. Butt Jlhll...!.. 1 . ... t lueum-uy iocai orcanuatton. for in-i Individual benefit, is then in qiies-' ll.on- And the greater and more 'pOwerfuti)TrrtzatronsIhat tnav m rmea wouia result rrom the coiV there what wo used to learn in rol-,ia to an average less than that pre- - .DOl;iaiiiiK oi me local. riegp." ne says, "too much is undr-;vamnK 1,1 lna,1' American cities. bodies for distinct, defined, and lim ited ends. T THE FIUKDMAXN CUKE HE experienced learned lonir aso 'not to be too credulous resnpet-i taken in the way of higher education I KveO' one knows that these spec that should not. come until after the ( tacular successes are due In tho main university stage is reached." t0 tne persevering and energetic ap- Here is confirmation by iiRn au. j I'lation of the discovery of the poi thorlty of a conviction that muIti-!soa carrylng powers of the mosqui tudes have long held. We are uni-!to- These noxious insects have been versityizing the high schools and ex-' I'ractically extirjiateJ in the canal zone. But by drainage, sewerage, er- ii-! nuve npen . rn- i . . ui nerlodlcal annnnnwmo,,). ,f uuuie anu lar oeyond the""1"7 uo"suiue resiaences, ia ' But ca3r ,! t m CanCer -reach of average I,el,,e- i healthy living- the eatlre d,8trlc' vuica, oui tanWT IS still nncnn-i t . i . . t... j. . , trolled. Recently w lnH trnm v e per cenr- or those jn ue naonauie uy tne work of rS" posmi ? Lr ion thT " T1 ? in try are Co.onel Gorgas and his men. Ti-.,r .. . ur- in the college deeree conrRon xJ ' : , . mcir inv Th.ra fa AUA .... .u. . iuuuuj 2 1 i . .V. llr yuurnai oruieges are attainable only bv a lrt the j American Medkal Association and limited few mat mo case 01 ur. r riedniann's fioruni has' been proven, u even as serts that the remedy is not a serum. It says that in experiments on Our way to a career via the college route is through eight years of pub lic school, four years ot high school, Pdi. pin complrto pW.ectl has rl y i. T. b. To . S L"0- WHOSE BUSINESS? T reeui to be any more pronounced and definite than those obtained with the arlona forms of tuberculin when properly uscd.. U adds that, "there taA inlnnflnna . V. , i . 1. ' . , i luuiwuvin l ..iis ueen pos title to cure guinea pigs by th.'e method.' A really and promptly ef fective -cure for tuberculosis should ture the disease ia guinea pigs and other animals.' The alleged curative effects. A ' 7 - ' til (l L Places Higher education beyond-the theoloffv or medicine.- By the time a youth has run this gauntlet of education, he is almost ready for the grave. Some of the best and most virile years of his life are gone before he is ready to begin. resourct'3 or 'all but a narrnu-orl group. It 4s a system in which the main HE opening gun has been fired in a campaign to abolish ali mony. The chief, crusader is George R. Esterlingof Denver. He proposes to band together the grass widowers of the country and carry the fight into the highest courts against pay ment of alimony Uo-ex-wives. II says : I believe (hat it Is unconstitutional to practically fine a man for life for nifiKing a matrimonial mistake. Jf aA man steals a norse or commrts bigamy, ho receives a sentence to suffer punish ment for a certain length of time, and irar-sunT tence to start life anew. M'hcrcas, in the comlomnatlnn of a matrimonial mis take, he Is sentenced practically to me that Is to say, he Is puuishd with a continuous fine, , Grant for argument's sake, tho cor- lirst Golden Wedding in Malheur. Ontario, Or., pec. 17. To the Editor of The Journal My attention has been called to an error in chronology which appears in your invaluahlo paper, on page 8, In column five, of December 6, 1912, relative to . the first'.. (?) golden wedding ln Malheur county, that of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Gellerman, of Vale, Or. The first was that of Mr. and Mrs. W. S. II. Cotton, celebrated at Ontario, May 14. 1907. antedating Mr. and Mrs. Oellermari's golden wedding anniver sary by four and a half years. Like Mr. GeUerman, William 8. H. Cotton was born in the "old country," his birth occurring at Rigsby, Lincoln shire, England, January a, nit, , je came to the United States while he was a young man, and took up a settler's claim on territory now covered by the city of Omaha, Neb. Shortly afterward, he removed to New Haven, Ohio, where he met the charming partner of his life and fortunes, Miss Lydia Beaver, to whom he was married May H, 1857! A few years later they removed to Wis consin, where they were living at the outbreak of the Civil war, ln which Mr. Cotton served four years, enlisting In Company E. Twelfth Wisconsin. At the close of the war the family removed to Michigan and lived there nine years, thence to Nebraska, where they residcr to Michigan and lived there nine years, thence to Nebraska where they resided ten years, and in the spring of 1884 came to Malheur county, settling on section 22, township 18, range 48, then Baker county, about midway between Vale and Ontario. Jn the spring of 1903 the pair removed to Ontario, in which city the fiftieth anniversary of their wedding was duly celebrated, as stated, an account of which was published ln the county-press at the time. Of the nix children born to them only three survive: Mrs. E. H. Guerin, On tario; Ethelhert T. Cotton, Dufur, and William Cotton, Willow Creek Idaho. Mr. Cotton and his good wife now re side near Dufur, Wasco county, Oregon. e win oe m in January, 1S13, and his THE USE OF TOBACCO The consideration of tobacco and its dangers has heretofore been largely based on the amount of nicotine con. talned ln the smoke. But there are other products of tobaoco which must share the responsibility. Among these are carbon, monoxld gas, prusalo acid, furfural and some others. Although all of these compounds admittedly are poisonous, their danger depends on tha quantities in which they are taken. Re cently investigations have been made of some of these toxic products, and the results are of considerable Interest The fact that the action of certain kinds of tobacco has been attributed to the prussic acid in their smoke has Induced the Wurzburg hyglenist. Pro fessor K. B. Lehman a, to Investigate the charge. He has found that the amount of this compound produced de pends somewhat on the rate at which the tobacco is smoked. The slower the current of air through a cigar, the smaller is the amount of prussic acid formed. The entire amount found, however, Is too small to account for the effects. So tar the burden of ttw blama. for the III effects of smoking would appear to rest on nicotine. In vestigations maJe by the London Lan cet Indicate that the ordinary cheap cigarette contains the least nicotine in the smoke and the pipe the most, the cigar occupying an intermediate posi tion. Assuming, then, that nicotine Is the essentially injurious substance in tobacco, the cigarette would aoocar to be - the least harmful form, provided that the amount of tobacco consumed j was no greater in this form than In others. The general Impression, however. Is that cigarette smoking la the most pernicious form of Indulgence in to bacco. This might be accounted for in part by the facts that the form of the cigarette makes it possible for young persons to indulge In it when they would not smoke cigars or pipes, that ln older persons It lends itself to over indulgence and that the smoke may be inhaled with lees irritation arid, therefore, that more of th0 products may be absorbed into the system Further investigations Indicate that the most injurious forms of smoking are not those in which there Is a larger proportion of furfural. Furural Is about 60 times as poisonous as ordin ary alcohol. There is a probability that the least harmful tobacco will turn out to be that which yields a minimum of furural ln the smoke. Although the amount of nicotine present in the cheap er grades of cigarettes is practically negligibly the amount' of furural ap pears to be sufficient in itslf tn count for the had effects attributed to cigarette smoking. The use of to bacco In Its various forms is so gen eral that the subject Is of almost uni versal Interest. The Journal of the American Medina! association thinks that the smoker is entitled to know the dangers and the safest methods of using tuuaiv, wruie educators and all who have anything to do with the yoUng, whether by example or precept, will ap- v.;.ia...o ojcuuiiu lacte with which to back up wise deductions from experience. him to death, but we were not consid ering that phase of the matter. There was but one thing to be decided, viz: "Shall we abolish capital punishment?" A review of even a few month's past history convinces me that there are crimes .committed within the confines of Oregon of so brutal and revolting a character that, for the good of human ity in general the perpetrators should receive tha death penalty. I registered that conviction as emphatically as pos sible by my ballot, A bulwark of our liberty ia the fact that no man may be punished for a crime unless the pen alty for that crime existed before the criminal act was committed. If a man chooses, in the face of existing statutes, to bring a prescribed penalty down upon his head, not the people, tha judge, the jury, nor even the hangman. Is re sponsible. The transgressor Is his own executioner. Making a stage play of one instance of capital punishment for the sake of misleading sentiment is "begging the question" entirely. I'ORD M. BURTCH. the same ratio as the ratI.of the diam eter to any perfect circle no matter how large. "B" contends not. A. W. SHEEHAN. "A" is correct in both cases. The ratio of the diameter to the circumfer ence of a circle Is constant. Multiply the diameter by S.14169 and the result Is the circumference. There Is No Difference. Portlad, Dec. 14. To the Editor of The Journal What, If any, is the differ ence ln sea level between the Paclflo and Atlnntic oceans at the Panama canal, and why Is this bo? Authority is given us that the difference is 40 feet but there seems to be no one who knows why this is so. C. B. 11. Sea level Is the same, but confusion may arise if one considers tides as modifying the stage of water. The tidal movement on the Atlantic side is much less than that on the Pacific sldd, but this does not affect that clement in the case that is expreHsed by the term "sea level." On the Atlantic elds cf the isthmus the tidal fluctuation Is leSs than two feet; on the Paoifio side It is 20 feet. Note that the difference is a tidal difference, not one of sea level. The explanation of tidal differ ences and variations can not bo set forth ln any available space. All en cyclopedias have copious elucidations of these interesting but highly complicat ed phenomena. Relic of Tippecanoe Days. Molalla, Or., Dec. 17. To the Editor of The Journal In The Journal of De cember II, I read the story of Mr. Un wife 75 next April. They have llvediBers rellc of th claer barr1 campaign the paBt 28 years of their useful and blameless lives In this great state, which they prefer to all others. A. II. M'GREGOR. A Clergyman's View. Gresham, Or., Dec. 17.-To the Editor of William Henry Harrison. 1 have one exactly the same, except the date Is 1841. I found It on my place, which is part of an old donation land claim, whera an old log cabin once stood. I have had it for several years, but as t am not gathering old relics I Would like to have the address of Mr. linger or or Lhe Journal I am a minister of some, one Interested In such things. ui MUNpei, ana votea against abolish- E. A. SHAVER Ing capital punishment. 'T .j There seems be a misunderstand- Diameter and Circumference, ing on the part of many a ta what.jt TiUameok-Gate tw iff nl nrt?r,,.nl T.MU8U!;Cly T ly " "h tho medium not presuming to decide by our ballots of The Journal. "A" contends that. If whether four men, or even one. :de- the earth were a perfect sphere wm, a Ftlfon ."''T the law' bnd TOmA " ni I ve feet were add eS I for one, am not qualified to vote on to the circumference of the band, the naff nitAMflfiti A ia am.m4aa . n, " a n inieiu- nana wouia do the same distance from "Betty" Beats Egg Record. Sutherlin. Or., Dec 17. To the Editor of The Journal! read In The Journal of December 10 that "Miss Carvallis" had a record of 2i7 eggs in 12 months, which was the banner record of the United States. "Betty." owned by Vio let Denny of Sutherlin, has that beaten by 23 eggs. "Betty" laid 280 eggs in 12 months and la living yet. tine is Just an ordinary bird, a cross between Buff Plymouth Rock and Buff Leg horn, I can make affidavit to this statement, so you need not fear to print it. JOHN DEN NIC IT. Claims Largest Radish. McKae, Or., Deo. 17. To the Editor of The Journal I note in the columns of The Sunday Journal an item re lating to a Spanish radish grown by W. W. Smith of Clackamas, weighing four pounds. I raised a White China radish weighing nine pounos, which Is the largest radish I have ever seen. All who saw it declared they had never seen anything In the rofilsh line so large. Can anyone beat this radish? ' C. R. SHANBR. And many a man can hear "the call of duty providing there is nothing else worth listening to. From the Salem Journal. ( Tt Is the first law of nature that any violation of her laws must be punished and she Is inexorable ln executing this law, Man,, in his weak way, has pat terned after this example, ani. has pro vided,; or attempted to provide punish ment ; for the violation of his -laws. He has provided penalties, not always adequate, for'thtfre a r cases jn whkU' It seems Impossible to make thf pun ishment fit . tha crime. u JTor instance. ' man has decreed that for the crime ot murder, the penalty of death shall-. be Inflicted, here In Oregon by hanging, w some other states by other methods, but the penalty in all is death.' Now. admittir.fr tHnt tha Aaih lunolhf tm Ilia. I IT lull U'hnr. a ma nnrnmU. . .n . .yriW IT how can a man be nunished for i.-om mittlng a second or third, murder? It ' will readily be admitted that a man who i murders a mother and her four child ren, for Instance, commits a mofe hein ous crime., than he who murders, say; but One of the children, Tet, If for this last named crime be should hang, how are, you going' to punish him for. the other murdersT", Tbars was a time under toe laws or our English forbears that many crimes were punished with death. Stealing sheep was one, but that was be fore the days of the tariff jpn wool which now protects the sheep owner if not the sheep and there were innumer able others." v: There are some orlmes worse even than murder. When some big brute. horribly diseased, outrages some girl, stll) a child, Is it not worse, mora henl oua than the snuffing out of Ufa Itself? Why not, then, extend tho list of crimes , punishable with death. If that punish. ment will prevent pr tend ta prevent crime! --.-.. .''...::.- ..-." For thousands of years, so far . back as history oirtegend goes, mankind has oeoroea doatn to tha murderertHbut has murder been stopped or diminished? The Oregonlan, speaking of capital pun. . lshment, editorially said: "It Is batter to have the law respected and protect society In the only way It .can be pro-' tected or can protect Itself." Does It make the law respected, or does It stop the crime of murder to hang a man? It StODS that particular naraon fhu. doing further murder, that la true birtT? does It serve to prevent others? That is very doubtful, and certainly far from proven. . The writer is not opposed to capital punishment ln soma cases, for there sr fiends tn tha form of men to whom so. ciety owes nothing and tha mora quickly they are removed from tha world tha better, for thay are social mad dogs, but there are other cases, murder eases, too, where It would seem that the punishment of Ufa Imprison, mont, with no hope or chance of pardon, . would be greater than that of death. punishment Is provided for on of two reasons, either as a deterrent to crime through the fear of punishment.' or for the reformation of tha one pun. lsned and ln case of the death penalty it surely is not for the latter It must be inflicted then for its deterrent qual. ltles, and in this line history and experi ence shows It to be an utter failure. Watch the Oregonlan's news pages, for Instance, and notice how many murders . are committed ln Oregon and on the coast, within the week following the quadruple hanging that took place here yesterday, and of whleh the whole coun try took general notice. See how much : of a deterrent this has been, and see how many less than the average number of murders have been committed in that time. i Outside of stopping the man who la. hanged from committing other murders, capital punishment is surely not a-dotor--rent. Let us then, frankly, admit that we hang men Just to put tUein where, they can do no further harm, and, ccas patting ourselves on the bark- anU. throwing bouquets at ourselves "because we are protecting society and deterring others from crime." , A 1 way s in Good H umor COULDN'T BEAT T1LTV r-rom Exchange. An American was boasting to an Irishman about the fastness Of Ameri can trains. l , "Why, Pat," said the American, "we run our trams so rast In America that the telegraph poles look like a continu ous fence." i . ,m "Do they, now?" said Pat. "Well, -sir, I was wan day on a train In Ireland, and as we passed first a field of turnips, then wan of carrots, then wan of cabbage and then a large pond of water, we were goln' that fast X thought It was broth!" NOTHING MATERIAL. ' From Judge. ' -v "Pa, what's art for art's sake?" "That, my son, -Is what makes your ma pay izue xor a raris nat." Pointed Paragraph A mother is always surprised to learn' that her daughters" are as old as they are, . . if -i Gossips have motor ears beaten to a fraxzle when it comes to running people down. r ; There are moro fool men In the world than blind ones which may account for the average girl's desire to Le beau tiful rather than lntellectuaL . Take a few minutes off to think It over and you will ,.be surprised at the amount of time you devote to foolish ness. 1 - f 11 Ssm.JlimrMPft.a5ea .upon .that,. afUstb- warth, all, arem hearing and tarefully weighing the evl- oenoo rurnisuea in each case. I heard none of it, ' Neither were wo voting on the merits or demeriis of hanging, There Is a much, wore humane- way - by which a criminal' may bo executed than choking would be from another perfect sphere, say 100 feet tn circumference with the same five feet addition. "B" contends not. Could you give a short mathemat ical .illustration? Also "A" contends that the ratio of a ditfmster to the clr cumfcrence of a small perfect circle is " Last Minute" Gif ts Lose Half Tkeir Pleasure Half the pleasure of a gift is lost If it Is received late.. When you receive a gift two or three days after Christmas you' know it Is a "last minute" purchase. And no one likes to feel that an expression of good will and friendship Is an after thought. , vc ; See to it that your gifts are on time. See to It that they are chosen with such care and' forethought as will make the recipient very I happy. ; ' Remember that while the service-giving facilities of the stores have been doubled In many Instances, they are still over "taxed at this tlmerjlirthe fuelr afid fltralH of the'last few days" some one may be disappointed, and apparently forgotten. There are abundant gift ideas and suggestions In .The Journal's Christmas advertisements. Make Out your complete list of gifts tonight, then purchase them tomorrow, between 9 a. m. anq noon tnentreo , golden shopping h' (Copyright, 1912, by J. V. Fallon.) ;i