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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (March 10, 1912)
THE OuLO'I SUIiDAY JOUi.IIAL, TOnXLAUD, Z UI.DAY T Cw,II,G, T.IAKCI1 13, Scientific Feeding of Garden Plants Vegetable Life Cannot Flourish Withont Certain Elements Drawn From the Soil Fertilizers Are Intended to Supplement the Nat ural Supply of These Elements and Make Them Arailable. W t 1 Will be expected by the thousands of Elk and Rose Carnival visitors this Summer. What are YOU doing tobeatitify YOUR home surroundings?- Take advantage of the following suggeations: h). n!i J -r II I ji oi-fiin ill II mil vvgg -K m m II g -gipp . . 1 t- 1 pit VV t . M ; I' M School children planting rose bushes, February 22. Professor A. I Knisely, Oregon AgriculturaLCollege. T HERB aro known to exist and the scientist recognizes about 77 or 7S different elements or simple substances. These elements are not 'all necessary, but a certain few are indispensable' to plant growth. The elements which are necessary and without which plants cannot flourish: ' are known as the plant-food elements. ! Authorities differ as to the number of elements" which are essential for plant! growth some give nine or lO.others 12 , and even 14. At the very outside, of all the elements known to exist, only U or 14 are necessary for plant growth. - Ths food-plant elements are as' fol lows; Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitro gen, sulphur, phosphorus, chlorine, po tassium, calcium, iron, magnesium, sili con, sodium and manganese. - - Boms authorities question the neces sity of manganese . and sodium. , - The- Woody Elements. - Carbon, hytlrogen and oxygen make up the largest part of the woody struc ture of the plant, the carbohydrates and organic acids. Nitrogen, sulphur and also carbon, hy? drogen and oxygen art necessary for the development of the proteid com pounds in the plant; ' rhosphorus--This element in the plant exists In the form of phosphates and Is found in all parts of the plant It seems to have something to do with the development of the proteld sub stances in . plants. Much phosphorus seems to be necessary and it accumu lates in the seed of plants Chlorine The exact function of this element in plants is not definitely known. It is supposed by some au thorities to have something to do with the v translocation: of starch from the ileaf to other parts of he plant ! .r,iO'Tn Sta& Bleiaent, "-.. V Potassium Compounds of this ele ment are quite widely distributed in the various parts of the plant , They seem' to bo'necessary for the formation and translocation of starch in the plant Potash is always found in large quanti ties in the ash of plants. ; Calcium seems to be necessary for the growth of the cell structure, that Is, for the . formation of cellulose out -of '"starch which has been formed in . the leaves. Iron Experiments have proven that Iron in some form is absolutely neces sary for the development of chlorophyl, which is the green coloring matter in the leaves of plants. In the . absence of iron the leaves become yellow and even die. due to the non-dvelopment of of the chlorophyl bodies in the plant Minor Elements. Magnesium This element seems to take part in jthe development of .chloro phyl in plants, and also has something to do With the translocation of, pro teld bodies in the plant. Silicon It. is still a mooted question as to whether this element Is neces sary for plant growth. 'At one time it was supposed that this element gave stiffness and strength to the stems of plants but this belief is being dis carded. It Is believed by some that , silicon helps in the development and formation of seeds. Sodium and, Manganese These ele Delightful Labor The Average Man Can Develop the Home Yard by Simple Method of. . . doing the Work by Degrees, Giving Such Time A He Can .Con V U. fenientiy Spare and When He Feels Like It. SOME people complain that garden ing is hard work. And gardening with those people is never popular. Now my purpose is toshow that this is a mistake and that a garden Of great pleasure can be had for rela tively little time and labor, and will yield an abundance of flowers and vege ; tables at an expense of Just as much J hard exercise as a professional man of middle life ought to have for his health's sake. , ' - . - -- J.FOt the .! mistaken idea . is', to -the mount of time and labor necessary to have a garden that pays la pleasure and ' in vegetable and flower returns, the 1 gardening magazines themselves are somewhat to blame. The constant i talk about . "cultivate," "oultivate," the articles that speak of "drifts" of harmonious color, of planting, "by the ' thousand," of borders "hundreds of feet :long,"' etc. perplex and weary the aver age American noteholder of small ln ,come and possessing but a small por tion of 'the surface of Mother Earth, ! who cannot do these things but who, ; , because of this constant reiteration and thelr continual staring in his face, ' comes to believe that they are abso lutely necessary if one is to have a i garden at all. . '-. 4 . The trouble -is that ths greater part of the current . garden literature is wrIUen for the owner of large place -and not for the small householder who needs the garden more than, any one ; else. But very few of the .plans and suggestions given in the literature have ben adaptable to ord ! nary. .need i,",b cause" most of them are. beyond the average; homebuilder's resources. Most of us live in "yards" and it Is In the development of the yard that Amer ican gardening will find its greatest re wards and its greatest Influence upon the development of national life and character. The American garden will b --an idealized, an Improved or an evolved -AJSHsu eotwgo-irawewqeveloped "nrw Jpordanre With theexlgenrles of our cll- fnate, "flora tid national temperamerit; What are the chief considerations of i V ments are not supposed to perform any necessary function in- the growth- of plants, even though they have generally been classed with the plant food ele ments. Manganese is many times and sodium always, found present in the ash of plants. Bodlom Less Expensive. , Sodium is very much cheaper than po tassium, and there has been much dis cussion as to the use of sodium In stead of potassium compounds for; plants. , sodium cannot be usea in stead of, or to replace, any of that potash which- is, required for the nor mal development of the plant ; " Of all the foregoing elements of plant-food, only .three or four are in cluded when the subject of fertilizers Is considered. These are nitrogen, phos phoric acid, potash, and sometimes lime (calcium oxide.) . The remaining plant food elements are usually present in such abundance that they are not even discussed. : rr" Classification of Tertlllsers. Fertilizers may be complete , or In complete; direct or indirect. A complete fertilizer Is one. that con tains each of the three ' elements of plant-food, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. An incomplete fertilizer is one that contains only one or two of the three elements, nitrogen, "phosphoric acid and potash. ,t . A direct fertilizer is one that con tains any or all of the three plant-food elements, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. A' direct fertilizer is used for the plant-food which it contains. An indirect fertiliser - is - one that does not contain nitrogen, phosphoric acid or potash. An Indirect fertilizer is not applied for the purpose of add ing planMood.to the soli, but in order to Jnake some of the. plant-food already- fu the soil mora available. The chief indirect fertilizers are land-plaster, lime and common Bait Land plaster, gypsum or calcium sul phate. Thano are different names for the same compound. Qypsum or land plaster is nothing more than the sul phate of lime rock which has been ground exceedingly fine. Quicklime and calcium carbonate. When limestone is burned the resulting product is calcium oxide or quicklime, sometimes called stone lime. When ex posed to the air it becomes air slaked and is then calcium carbonate or car bonate of lime. - Stimulating Plant Growth. - In the use of fertilizing materials, nitrogen tends to stimulate leaf growth. An abundance of nitrogen in the soil is Indicated by rank luxuriant growth and dark green foliage. Too much ..nitrogen on vines, shrubs and trees causes a too rapid growth of wood. The wood thus formed is rather tender, soft and does not ripen properly and is often Injured by the winter weather. An excessive use of nitrogen stimulates leaf and wood growth at the expense of fruit 1 Fhosphorto acid and potash have more to do with tho development of fruit buds, fruit and Seed; they also produce a more normal development of the parts of the plant the parts are firmer, the wood ripens better and is more bardy. . in Garden Tasks the yard garden? The first is that it shall give its owner the greatest pos sible amount of pleasure for the great est length of time, with the least pos slble expenditure in time and money. It is not necessary to have a garden absolutely free from-weeds. If the choice between garden and weeds must be made, better have a weedy garden than no. garden. Even In -the vegetable gar den it is possible to have better vege tables than one can buy, all through the season,- without . constant -. cultivation. Better a weedy garden than no garden at all. Another cause of overwork In the garden is the desire to have at once an absolutely finished garden. Take time take the remainder of your life to work it out. Don't start vith a fully developed plan on paper as the garden experts are always telling us. Let your garden grow from year, to year, and change things to suit yourself as your mind changes, which will be about every year. Gradually your. ideal will become realized, radical changes will become fewer and you can hope to pass the Sunny hours of old age in a garden that to you is perfect because of its asso ciations with past years. , PLANS FOR CROOK DAM FILED BY C O. !. COMPANY (Salem- Rarein of The journal.) Salem, Or., March 9. Plans and maps of the dam and canal . koown as the north canal fllvii'rfitott in eohnpHrtn with Uthe Central Oregon Irrigation company's Carey act project near Bend have been filed with the state engineer for his approval. This dam and short feeder eanal comprise attemper tant-Key-tO"the entire project much of which Is already under irrigation. The dant will be a masonry arch 88 feet high. The canal will have jLxapa cTty )f 1053sec6nd feot"oT water. The canal will be about one and a half Grilles long, constructed, with concrete -side and bottom, Novelties from famous Irish and i Continental growers and our best American' Introductions. All will bloom this Spring If planted now. "Diamond Quality" 2-Year Field-Growi ROSES Ws are direct Importers, and no bet tev roses nor greater values are ob tainable than our "Diamond Qual ity" true-to-name Boses. . SELECT 2-YEAR-OLD LARGE FIELD-GROWN PLANTS If Planted Now, Wijl Bloom Freely ThU Year" cnrriAi HUGH dickson' -3 for $1.00 .Nrrl IAI mme. Caroline testout, pinktL" ES nn Ul liVlttliFRAU K. I)RUSCHKI. hittr ...... DoZ. $3.00 Extra select stock best of their color and class. For complete list of newest and best roses, see our 1912 Catalogue and Planters Guide. Beautiful New Books on Roses THE BOOK OF THE ROSE, by Rev. A. Foster Melllar, If . A. Edited by F. Page Roberts and Herbert B. Mollyneaux, president and vice pres ident, respectively, of the National Rose Society of England. This Is the most recent and valuable rose book. 25S pages, postpaid, 12. IS. ROSES ANT) ROSE-GROWING, by Rose Q. Klngsley. A new book with a special chapter on growing roses for exhibition by Rev. F. Page Roberts of the National Rose Society. F. R. H. 8. 18 full pages In , color, besides half-tones, diagrams, etc t-A beautiful and practical gift-book, .lit pages, postpaid, $2.10. ( THE ROSE, by Ellwanger. A treatise on thecultivatlon, history nd characteristics Of varieties. S10 pages, postpaid, fl.SS. PARSONS ON THE ROSE. A treatise on the propagation, cultivation . and history of the rose. 211 pages, postpaid. $1.10. ROSES AND HOW TO GROW THEM. A manual for growing rosea in the garden and under glass. 18 pages, postpaid, $1.10, , Books ob flowers, ferns, bulbs and reaeral raroea topies ara of ab sorbing interest and make splendid and appropriate gifts lot 70a fssdea loving friends. Bee pares 48-49 of our general catalogue. ' Ask fox Tree Culture leaflets. . RAKE OUT THE MOSS, roll down your lawn, give a dressing of our No. 5 Lawn fertilizer, reseed with our DIAMOND LAWN MIXTURE. Makes an Evergreen, Velvety Torf. KILL the Dandelions, Thistles, , A single application of KNOXWEED KILLS Plantain, Thistle or Any Noxious Weed, Top ana koou Bold Vnder a Positive Guarantee, For Sprays, Spray ers and Insecticides See General Catalogue. Band Your Trees With Tree Tanglefoot Prevents Caterpillars, Moths and Worms. Price, 1 lb.. 30c; 3 lbs., 83c; 10 lbs $2.65; 20 lbs., $4.80. Protects against all climbing insects 1 lb, makes a band 9 feet long. .. HardyPererinialGardenPIants A large assortment of best hardy annual bedding and border plants, ready in ApriL See our, catalogue for description and price. OUR FERTILIZER BOOK IS FREE OUR 1 912 SEED ANNUAL IP f l"(r valuabte-ouirufiT W7V ,. Jv" r directions and listing the finest asaort went of -sterllnnioveltles and standard varieties of Seeds, Plants and Nuraery Stocks pos sible to procure should be in the hands of every home Owner. Call or send your name -SPPI.JiLi Jle.ni 5L0U-.I,Jr?u want hni results.' do not delay order now. BTBBT PBEPABATIOB HAS BEES SADB TO OIVB TOW nOSURT, SATX8TAOTOBT SBBTIOB. P0 "KOW BOBBsV By ths Rev, Spencer a. ulliger. By courtesy of ths author and ps r m lesion of The Oregonlan, ws have pre pared this most practical and valuable of all articles on this suoject. ana w.u give a copy free to who would .crow roses. etc, early, before they multiply. PRICE: Dropper Can, enough for small lawn , . ......... .50 Half gallon ......fl.BO Gallon ,2.50 once planted are good for all time, increasing in beauty each year, blooming continuously through the season. Succeed everywhere, heed little attention and are inexpensive. " Strong "flowering clumps of the following at ISc each, $1.50 dozen. Rudbeckia or Oolden Clow Canterbury Bells, white, blue and pinb Oaillardia - Duronlcum Dehphiniuma f , . : Coreopsis .... - - Oriental Poppy - - - Iceland Poppy " Campanula Helianthus Shasta Daisy Hollyhocks, double and single, $2 doz. Perennial Phlox, hardy as oaks and will increase in beauty every year. Marvelous colors, beautiful foliage. Strong flowering, roots, 15e each 1.50 dozen. 1912 "Diamond Quality? VEGETABLE SEEDS Are Best for Home Gardens First masting. .."v Select seeds now for r your home gar den and as soon as ths sou can ne worked .make vour first olantlnas. Oardea Fi, Onion Bets and Seed, Kadishes, - Xttace, Splnsoo, rotatoes. Khnbarb and Aspaxagus Boots, Gas bag yiaats, from Fall-sown seeds are also ready. Plant Oabbaga, OatUlflower. Celery. Tosoatoos under glass or in the bouse for later transplanting. Get a copy of our Seed Catalogue for Cultural Directions and Information ou success! va plantings. j JUST ONE MORE WEEK OF OUR SPECIAL GARDEN COLLECTION Home Garden Collection Ho, l Will Plant 80x30 Vest. Pirst towing DorUg Barly starch. 1 nnunil Onlnn 'Rata. 1 ikt Peas. unique . . .. .2S 1 pkt. Lettuce. 1 Curled Bimpson either wh. or bl. seeded........ ,2 2 pkts. Radish, 1 E. a Turnip, wt. ' ' tip. 1 White Iclole II leeoad Sowing, March 19 to April 30. t pkts Tttuea. 1. Diamond - Early. 1 CrlsDette . .$ .1 1 pkt. Spl ipinacn , .05 z kts. Radish, 1 White Icicle, 1 Chartier .It ,20 .18 .18 1 pound Onion Sets, 1 pkt Onion; Prisetaker , . 1 pkt Beet, Ex.. Ea. EgypUan, 1 pkt Carrot E. 8. Horn 1 pkt ' Turnip, E. Milan, 1 pkt Peas. American Wonder ' 1 dos. Ea. Cabbage Plants, Early Jersey Wakefield Third Bowing. ' Hay I to June 18. 1 pkt. CotV Oolden West, 1 pkt. Peas,. BwfLIelepJiQne 2 ttkls. Beans. 1 Pencil Pod Blk. 1 .20 Wax, 1 New Strlngless 20 1 ok. Rnlnarh. 1 tikt Cucumber. Davis Perfect ,20 1 pkt. Radish, Rose China Winter, 1 pkt. Lettuce, May King .10 1 pkt Parsnip, 1' pkt. Garden Cress .10 1 dos. Cabbage Plants, Danish Ball Head 10 Total .$2.21 iiovi oottiOTioi mi . WEBX OVLT ................. 11.79 Xosaa Oardea OoUeotlon, ITo. 8, Will Plant 30x60 pset. Pint lowing, Barly SSaroh. t lh Anion fitn. 1 nkta. Peas. 1 Alaska, 1 Extra Early .$ 10 I pkts. Lettuce, 1 Curled Simpson, 1 Ea. Prlsehead 10 I pkts. Radish. 1 E. 8. Turnip Wh., 1 White Icicle .1$ eoonA Sowing, starch IS to April 90. i pkts. Lettuce, 1 Chrispette, 1 Dia mond Early 1 os. Spinach, 1 pkt. Garden Cress 8 pkts. Radish, White Icicle, 1, Crimson Giant, 1.. Chartier. .....- 2 lbs. Onion Bets. 2 pkts. Onion, 1 Prisetaker. 1 Bermuda 1 os. Beet E. U. Egyptian, 2 pks. Carrot 11 8, Horn, 1 Chants nay . . 2jikts. Turnip, 1 Early Milan, 1 White Egg . 2 pks. Peas. 1 American Wonder, 1 Gradus , 2 dos. Cabbage Plants, E. Jersey Wakefield 1 dos. Cstiliflower Plsnts, Early Hnowball Third Bowing, May 1 to Jdne 1. nktu. Corn. 1 Goldun West. 1 .15 .15 .20 .3$ .25 .10 .20 .25 .15 Early Evergreen .20 2 rkts. Peas. 1 Dwf. Telephone. 1 Magnificent 20 2 pkts. Beans, 1 Pencil Pod Blk. Wsx. 1 New Strlngless.'.... 20 1 ttkt. Beans. Pole. Kentucky Won der 10 2 os. Bplnach, 1 pkt Parsnip, 1 pkt. Salsify . S nut, fiinninlipr. 1 Davis Perfect 1 Boston Pickling .15 2 pkts. Radish, 1 Rose China, 1 Col. Mammoth- White 10 2 pkts. Lettuce, 1 May Ring, 1 Brown Dutch 10 1 pkt. Garden Cress, 1 ox. Beet, Half Long Blood .20 8 dos. Cabbage Plants. Danish Bali Head . t .25 2 dos. Cauliflower Plants, Algiers .25 1 dos. Tomato Plants, Eariy tie Total . i ......... V....... ABOTB OOILIOTIOX TBTXS WEEK OHLT $3.80 P&AHTB WXXX Bl SELT7EBED XS BSABOX. Por Larger Planting Consult Vs.' GARDEN BOOKS For up-to-date rererence works on Boses, Gardening, Prult Growing, Para. lag. Poultry and seoxeeplng, see our Garden library, pages 48 and 49 of our Oeasxal Catalogue. ' All books postpaid. -TELLS HOW AND WHEN TO APPLY-ASK "DIAMOND QUALITY" SEEDS Are Tested Seeds Our laboratory Is complete In its equipment as approved by the United States Depsrtment-of Agriculture and is lit charge of an expert seed analyst. We are the only Seed Company in the State of Oregon main, talning a seed laboratory. JOIN THE OREGON SWEET PEA SOCETY Membership is only Si per year. Ton may win our kandsoao Solid Silver Trophy Chip raine feo. Bee Catalogue. If You Want to Be Sure of ' and Lots of Them, Order Our Home Collection SIX FAMOUS ASTA OHN ... .... .... .Lavender COUNTESS SPENCER ....Pink HELEN LEWIS .........Salmon Thes'e will give you a splendid assortment of the most beautiuil and brilliant colors. They are all vigorou ers are large, of finest form and 6 large package! will plant 35 feet 6 one-ounce packages will plant 100 FOR THE ELKS' CONVENTION Purple and White Sweet Peas will be in demand. PLANT NOW. v Correct shade is our ELKS' PURPLE For the most complete list of finest all types and classes, 1912 DIAMOND COLLECTION SUPERB SWEET PEAS-Special offer of entire collection 12 pkta $1.60 postpaid. Including latest European and American novelties. DURING MARCH PLANT Flowering and Ornamental Shrubs Fruit Trees, Berry Bushes and Plants FLOWERING SHRUBS Early varieties that flower before the foliage appears. Aaalea-Mollia Bush, f 1 to f 1.50 Azalea-Mollis Standard, 4 to 5 feet, for ...f2.00 Magnolia Soulangeana, fine speci men, full bud, each ...... f 3.00 Magnolia Consplcua, choice speci mens, each .,..1.00 to f 1.50 MagnoKa Grandiflora, choice speci mens, each ........ to f 1'50 Forsythia, 4 to 5 feet ......... 50 Daphne, pink and white, 2 feet, fl All in full bud-and will bloom pro fusely. Must be planted now. : SPHUEAS Beautiful and graceful flowering shrubs, covered with masses of dainty white flowers, making- liter ally "Pountains of Bloom." Solraea Van Houte Prnaif oils or Bridal Wreath Thunoergll --the m thony water and -rose eolor Blllardi, 8 to 4 feet, tits each. WEIGELIA Waits, rink, Bed and variegated i lovely, symmetrical; bloom freely. The foliage is of great beauty. A valuable shrub that should bo more janerally planted Stock extra fihe. oW SifOCXS ABB TBB BEST paioxs BIOHT. Special Offer-Choice Collection Lilacs-Named Varieties Both standard and bush types. Splendid specimens in full bud that will flower profusely this Spring. Exceptional values at T5 to $t each. For complete list of Fruit and Ornamental Trees Berry Plants and Roots, see our 68-page Nursery Catalogue Free on request. Front and Yamhill JEORTLANDORGON O Phoiies - Main 4040, Boa A jr same ami f 1 to tks secretary, Oaptaia Ooorg K. Pope, Weod stook, Os. Having the Finest Sweet Peas, SPENCERS KING EDWARD ........Crimson OTHELLO Deep Maroon WHITE SPENCER . growers and free bloomers, flow are borne on, long, strong stems. , ..50e feet ................... .....100 varieties of Sweet Peas, including see our jyu catalogue. EVERGREENS Tanan Umbrella Pine Fine sneci- mtns, each $2.00 Thuja Obtuaa Pyramidal Choice, - 4 to S feet, each ,......'..f 5.00 Kalmia Each ............. fl.00 Cedrua Deodora, , Arbor Vitaa, Lawson Cypress , .1.50 Up Oregon Crape Nice plants, nurse. ry grown, each . ....... ....7e? Boxes Standard Box Trees, fine heads, choice specimens.. f 4.00 HYDRANGEAS Paatouata, orandinora. nardy everywhere lasting and beautiful. Each 35o to 50c; standard. 11.00. . Hortensias Pink and blue, popu lar favorites. Blooming from early Hummer until killed by frost Each 75c. Ornamental Climbing Vine WIBTABia, Purnle. white, laven der. Extra choice large plants, 7c to 11.00. . CIZM1TIS Irge flowering. xenryv jaokaaaau, sm, so. As are, Montana; each 60c; dos. $8.00. Clematis Paniculate. Each lac to 60c. TfeB BOSTOV OX JaVll ITT I-OB STOVE OB BBICZ WALLS i.acli 85o. Virginia Creepers, each 36c. Evergreen English. Ivy, each lac. .Ail should, be planted now. FOR A COPY Sts. A 6015 yactSv V i p