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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 29, 1911)
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, , SUNDAY' MORNING, . JANUARY 29,' 1911. 4 THE JOURNAL .Alt INDEPENDENT KEW8PAPBR. C JfcACKSON, .PnbUihw Ini, VlfUi sod YttnUU trwt, PortUnd; Or, tramiMim through the malls u Mcond-cUM Uer. telephones Mti tits; Em, jou Tea tffSEnTw "h.t 'kpStSt i5 f c FOREIGN ADVERTISING BEPRBSENTA'TIVB. 225 Fifth Tenue. Knw Tork; 1218 Popl iit Building. Chicago. Bulwrlntioii Term bf mtl or to tny In tb United 8itt. Ctrda or Uexieo: DAILY, One Tt $3.00 Ot Booth -80 SUNDAY. One yetr $2.60 One month... $ ,S8 DAILY AND SUNDAY. One reu. ir.RO 1 On month ...I The shortest and surest way to lire with honor In the world. Is to be In reality, what we would appear to be; all human virtues increase and strengthen themselves by the practice and experience of them. Socrates. WHY CLOSE THE LEGISLATIVE EYE I S THE LEGISLATURE at Salem as keen to Investigate public of ficials as Its concern over the Ftelner episode, would Indicate Does It want to engage In an Inves tigation that will be a real Investi gation? For 10 days It has been much con cerned with Dr. Stelner. Every day's news from Salem has been filled with varying features on that sub ject. A resolution offering Dr. Stelner opportunity to reply on the floor of the assembly to his accusers is understood to be dying a slow death In a committee. Provision has been made for a Joint committee to Investigate the accounts of the asylum, and report during this ses sion. A committee has been pro vided to investigate all other insti tutions, to report at the next session. Why, with investigations as the fash ion, does not the body investigate the office of state dairy and food com missioner? Why is the Insane asylum affair a proper matter for investigation, and the dairy and food commission er's office not a fit subject for the legislative probe? In his message,! as acting governor, Mr. Bowerman referred to the Insane asylum as buying supplies cheaper than any other of the institutions. Mr. Bow erman on the floor of the senate has repeatedly stated that he makes no charge of graft against Dr. Stelner. Probably no member of the legisla ture has the slightest "surmise of graft at the asylum. The whole case against Dr. Stelner seems to be one of possible extravagance In buying fittings for the superintendent's and doctor's residences, and in the pur chase of an automobile. However, it is fitting for a fair square Investigation of the asylum to be made. As much is due Dr. Stelner, State Treasurer Steel and Secretary of State Benson who ap proved all the asylum purchases. As much is due the people of the state, Let vthe investigation go on, and let all political and factional Influ ences be left out of It. But why close the legislative eye to the state dairy and food commis sioner? The deputies in that office resigned, charging misapplication of funds by their chief as the reason. The charges are neither indefinite, nor trivial. The witnesses are not difficult to find. If Stelner is to be probed, why not Bailey? The house resolved for such an Investigation pf the dairy and food commissioner's office, and appointed a committee, but the senate balked on the plan. It gave as a reason that the district attorney's office in Multnomah county was investigating. But why leave it to the district at torney's office? Everybody knows that the ' district . attorney's office wjll do nothing. Nobody expects It to ., yield results. Bailey himself knows It will do nothing. It will merely occupy the time until It will be too late for the legislature to act and then find some plausible reason for Inaction. Every man In the state knows that the dairy and food commissioner's office under Mr. Bailey is a monu mental fraud. Every man In the legislature knows it. They all know Mr. Bailey is incompetent and that something should be done to Justify the several thousand dollars' a year that the office costs the taxpayers. In all fairness, how can the leg islature investigate Stelner and not Investigate Bailey? As a matter of mere consistency how can It refuse to insert the probe where it knows there is something to probe? INSINCERE PROFESSIONS THE RAILROAD companies, thiough their presidents and press bureaus, seek to convey the impression that they do not view regulation with disfavor, and also that they are being more or less badly treated and imposed upon. In this state there his never been any adverse legislation. " On the con trary, huslness Investments of all kinds have been treated most consld erately by the law-making body and by the people generally, yet we find , exactly the same situation here as Is found In substantially every other state in the union; the presidents and executive officers on the one hand 'asserting their belief in regu lation,, while the law departments of the same officers andTMttie Tailroads on the other hand are 'doing all they can-naTrfvTEhrTr ; - - A. statement lssue4 by the railroad . commission , of Indiana Is fairly Il lustrative of tb conditions through- out the country. The occasion for the statement arose from a request of the Chicago, Indianapolis & Louls vtlle railway asking the commission to dismiss certain suits against the railroad for falling to comply, with the orders of the state commission fixing freight rates. The commission says: "The railroad companies In almost every rate case decided by this corn- fission hare brought suits against iis to set aside our orders, thereby ntitMnv tfiA otota tn irrpflt prncnKft. and taking the time of commission- ers, which ought to be devoted , to other important matters. The com mission act means, if It means any thing, that this commission has the power, and must exercise the power, of making rates In a case properly brought before it It was never in tended by the act that every rate made by us should be a matter of litigation, and that we were right In fixing the rates as we did fix them is shown by the fact that in prac tically every case In the state courts, the order of the commission was sus tained. This means that the litiga tion against us was either for delay, or in order to annul and set aside the will of the general assembly as expressed in the commission act." REGULATION OF PUBLIC UTILITIES T HAT THERE WILL be some leg islation at this session looking toward the regulation, of the public utilities of the state seems apparent The need for such regulation is everywhere admitted. Railroads, lnterurban lines, express and Bleeping car companies are now efficiently regulated .by the state railroad commission, and it is pro posed to extend the Jurisdiction of that body to cover street railways, gas, electric light and power, tele graph and telephone companies over the state as a whole. There is another proposition which seeks to eliminate from state con trol all such utilities in cities which choose to create separate local com missions, for the obvious purpose of enabling the creation of a Portland city public service commission and placing it beyond the Jurisdiction of the state. The proposition to divide the con trol over such utilltlesTieems fraught with difficulties. That such control can be more effectively and econom ically administered by one body sup ported by the whole" authority of the Btate than by numerous separate local tribunals which do not wm-k in harmony, either among themselves or with the state, is apparent. Con flict and confusion will be Inevit able and duplication of effort and consequent loss of efficiency must I be the result I The argument that the work of the railroad commission will be ham pered by the addition of such Juris diction is not borne out by the ex perience of many other states, where all public service corporations are under one control and beneficent re sults have been obtained. It is sim ply a question of the employment of necessary expert assistance and a more rigorous Drocedure. Measured j Dy development and population Ore gon Is a small state, and if the pub- 11c utilities of numerous other states can be so successfully regulated in the public Interest by the same trib unals which have Jurisdiction over transportation companies, there would seem to be no reason why the railroad commission of Oregon, com posed of capable men, with an ef fective organization, should not be equally successful. Rather than tak ing away from the effectiveness of the railroad commission, it would seem that its dignity and powers would be enhanced by the addition of new duties and the widening of its scope of activity and usefulness. On the other hand, the proposal for a purely local city commission Is an absolutely untried experiment. No other city in the country, so far as our search has gone, has a public service commission of its own, based upon the authority of a city charter. The lower state commission In New York, wlllch Is urged as an example, is a state commission, and but for purely local circumstances which do not exist here! such as the construc tion of subways at enormous ex pense, the whole state's utilities could equally well be supervised by one body. To draw a . parallel 'be tween the situation as to traffic and other utilities In New York City and in Portland 1b absurd. INDUSTRIAL HAZARDS E' FFORT IS TO be made at Salem for legislation that will pro vide automatic compensation to workmen for injuries sus tained in Industrial accidents. There Is agitation on this subject throughout the country. Most Eu ropean nations, including Germany, Holland, Belgium, Austria and Italy long ago provided such a law. At present in Oregon, the only recourse of the Injured workman is to go' to the courts. It is often a cruel process. If an important case years may result before there Is a final settlement of the issue. In Bome of the states personal injury cases have been known to drag their weary length over a period of nine or ten years. Reversals, rehearings, appeals and the various processes not Infrequently continue until the plaintiff dies before a final deter mination is reached. It is a painfully wasteful process. In the Multnomah courts last year there were 60, personal Injury cases, Each occupied the time of a Judge land jury fXPRlymjaAJreekadchantfal tparhlagrto-htnoefed-at more. The public had to pay the cost of keeping the courts in mo tion during the 200 or 300 days of I the year devoted to the trial of these cases, and thereby becomes a deeply Interested party to the Issue of In dustrial accidents. ; It Is claimed that of the damages awarded tor personal Injuries, the plaintiffs receive only about 40 per cent, the remainder being dissipated In litigation. There; was sent out of Oregon, for liability Insurance last year $178,000, of which . $70,000 Came', back, Of that . returned, the workmen received but $15,000, ac cording to the statement of Fletcher inn at this week's meeting of the f Manufacturers' association Instead of collecting damages for injuries by the uncertain, costly and wasteful process of litigation, it should be regulated by a self-acting system administered outside the courts' and at no expense: When in the process of his employment, the workman loses a hand, a leg or an eye the fact of what the compensa tion is to be and where the pay is to come , from should be fixed and self regulative. It is a plan about which it would seem that the only chance for dif ference of opinion is as to matters of detail and application. It is a subject to which the legislature can very well afford to address itself. The public can also afford to be in terested, for it is paying a heavy price for the present system. THE TRANSFORMATION CHINA pF T RANSFORMATION IS not too Btrong a word for the process going on at an ever hastening . rate in China at this time. No apology is needed for discussing this subject here, for Oregon is China'B ne'arest neighbor, and her relations with us are but In their infancy. China Is treading the same path that was blazed by Japan, and In spired Jy the same purpose. With that example her progress is yet more rapid. She herself suffered defeat at the hands of Japan, saw her fleet de stroyed, her territory stripped from her. But, the sling lost some of Its bitterness when her late antagonist met and conquered Russia. China recognized that Japan drew her power from western methods, west ern organization, the western spirit Japan started In her race from the very wall of exclusion which she had built to shut out every western Influence. Language, literature, sci ence, religion, laws, warfare, manu factures, education, commerce, the very art of learning In the freshly opening world everything, even the structure of her own political life, was utterly new. And in these few years she has risen to the headship of the east. China had opened her doors to western influences many years be fore. The trader and the mission ary, the ambassadors of western powers with their guards and escorts, the teachers, even the western print ing press, she had entertained. Her ambassadors were found at western courts, and many of her young men had gone to other countries to learn their languages, their arts, and scl ences. But the country was so vast, the population so uncountable that each of the points of light from these many sources seemed to make no impression on the dimness of the great empire. From age to age she had lived unchanging and unchanged. It has been too much the fashion to sneer at and belittle the mission arles and their work. Yet now that the stress has come, and China Is urging her Bons forward In the great effort at development she finds -Jn the missionary schools and colleges her best material. America has been the leader In this work. Full credit is given her In the Outlook article two weeks ago by the Rev. Lord William Gascogne Cecil. This writer and traveler is the late Lord Salisbury's second son, has traveled much in China and is the author of the recent book en titled, "Changing China." He heads his article thus "We are face to face with one of those changes in the condition of the world the effect of which it is not very easy to exaggerate." He writes farther, "The young men, the think lng men, the coming men are no longer learned only In Chinese lore and Chinese culture. These have turned to the great west. Thoy have sent their sons to Toklo, and more, they have sent their sons to the western universities. Already Chinese Btudents in America may be numbered by the hundreds. Amer ica has done more she has sent some of the brightest of her sons to educate the Chinese. No one who has seen the splendid educational institutions raised by Americana in China will dpubt that in this" mat ter America has been China's great est friend." And the list follows, enlightening to .many who are Ignorant of tho great work done. . The Presbyter- Ian college and hospital at Canton; the training work of President Hawks Pott near Shanghai; Presi dent Anderson's work at Suchow; the work of the Methodists and of the Christian church at Nanking;. Boone college, Wuchang, under Pres ident Jackson; the Methodist work under President Lowry In Peking, and that of Professor Sheffield at Tungchow and the noble work pf Yale at Chungsha. And these, we learn, do not exhaust the list .. Now to this array of western teaching and influence is to be added a national Chinese university on a large scale!. The unlversity-itself ifl to be a center of scientific and me- the start with the best professors fnom the west. But theae-are to be replaced by Chinese teachers as fast as men of the right standard of flt- ness can" be 'found , or instructed, Round the university will be grouped colleges or hostels where the mis sionary teachers, and their students will be housed-' , -, . So it is hoped that the bare ma terialism may, bs avoided which has, in Japan, developed from the scien tific teaching of the west. " This, then, is' only one side of the transformation of China oh other than in the arts, sciences, and man ufactures of the new world which are permeating and inspiring her an cient civilization .J A PLEA FOR MORE HOGS ,-. L" ECTURINO recently to the short course farmer students,' at the O. A. C, Mr. D. O. Lively, man ager of the ' Portland stock yards, pertinently urged the raising of more hogs, pointing put what ought to be a potent inducement, the profitableness of doing so. Millions of dollars, he said, are annually sent from the Pacific northwest into the Missouri valley for hogs and other meat animals, and dressed meats, which 'could be, more economically produced in this region. Mr. Lively said that the belief that meat animals cannot be successfully $:ac w,tb,ut 18 f"ious that other grains and grasses that flourish here abundantly are as capa ble of producing meat animals as corn, and at greater profit than can accrue in the corn states: This is due largely to pur mild climate mak ing the expense of raising and fat tening Jess. . By attendance on the short winter course at the O. A. C. a large num ber of farmers show that they desire to learn and Improve, and possibly such a talk- may aid In bringing about the desired result It needs no argument to show that at prices pre vailing during many months past, running up to $10.35 per hundred weight last September, hogs are a very profitable stock to raise. For a man who keeps a few cows, there would be a large percentage of prof it in hogs at much lower prices. Under such circumstances; the con tinued scarcity and the great impor tations of hogs, pork and other meats into this favored region remains a profound mystery. THE NEW WATER BIRD T HESE aviatorB ever seek new worlds to conquer. Not con tent with risking their lives with their spiral glides, and height records, they now propose to try how nearly they can come to drowning themselves, as a change. The flight made by Glenn H. Cur- tlss, rising from the waters of San Diego bay, flying, and then coming again to rest quietly on the water, makes the first record pf an am phlblouB aeroplane. Add to this achievement that on the same day Sommer flew 13 miles from the Paris grounds with five passengers, and, we see that still two more new chapters have been turned in the records of the aviation art. The Wright success is not much more than five years old. The- tofl of death has seemed heavy, It is true. But look at It as the price paid for an average stand ard of achievement in a field which has been striven for during centur ies past without success. These men staked their own Individual lives and lost. They suffered, not as did the three hundred miners In the Barnsley coal mine explosion, with out having counted the cost, and as part of the struggle for livelihood In daily work. We call these aviators, heroes of the air. They have won the title. But their plane of service does not rank with those rescuers we read of a few days ago, who contested for the right to sacrifice themselves in the recesses of the gas filled pas sages of the obstructed mine shaft. In this last case they obeyed with out fear the call to self sacrificing! duty far from the hope of fame or reward. DAVID GRAHAM PHILLIPS F EW UNFORESEEN catastrophes are more pitiful than the sud den striking down of a strong young writer in the early ma turity of his powers. The books of David Graham Phillips have made friends for him over the English speaking world. Clean, wholesome, strong, they have been read by thou sands and approved. In a second that madman's pistol ends all this promise. In the school of the younger nov elists in the United ' States today David Graham Phillips would have been placed In the- first rank by meat competent critics. His worlds kindly and free from the bitterness which is an ingredient in the work of some others, such as Jack Xon don, Upton Sinclair, and Norrls. It is a singular fatality that an imaginary bitterness should have drawn on him the insane man's fire, a strange perversity of fate. " Such a death can but appear to all of us an unnecessary loss, by which the world is the poorer without any cor responding gain. Dr. Cook, who has been re-writing the story of his trip north, In the first installment of which he ad mitted candidly that he did not know whether he got' near the Pole or not, and was practically crazy while fa? north, has now gained sufficient assurance to declare again in a lec ture, that he did get to .the hear vicIniV "of thU Pole, and "that no posithj geographio proof of reach ta tHhePole-eott Id -ever bVmadff'bT anybody. :. This latter statement, at least, a great many people -will be lieve. Probably Peary did not know much more about his bearings than did Cookj at least he arranged It so that there conld be no reliable confirmation. But let him have the credit, and let Cook feel "the thump of success"; the Pole Is really a matter of, very little Importance. COMMISSION CAN REGULATE ;:" , ''-;.;.',: RATES . , NE AFTER another, decisions of ; federal ' courts " are ' estab lishing the doctrine -that fed eral . and : state railroad com missions can regulate rates; and can reduce rates, " if In - the opinion of such commissions, they, are too high. The doctrine, .upheld In "some decis ions years ago that congress or a state i legislature cannot . delegate this power to a commission - Is now seldom i If ever maintained. The only point the courts will consider in f passing upon an application to re strain a freight reducing order is the reasonableness or the new , rates whether they are; such;;; as : would not' yield the railroad people a fair return on their Investment, and amount to confiscation of their prop erty. Even this, to give the" rail roads a. standing In court, must be positively alleged and affirmatively shown. -; . Judges Bean, Gilbert and Wolver ton held Friday,. In the matter of rate reductions from Portland south ward, that no right of the railroad company bad . been Invaded, That the action of , the , commission must be presumed to have been fair and ! Just to the railroad, and that unless it could show that in consequence of such reductions It was deprived of a fair remuneration upon its invest ment no such restraining action could be maintained. . Gradually, bit surely, people are learning that they can, within rea sonable limits regulate freight rates, and the railroad people must be get ting the same Impression. THE NO BREAKFAST FAD A' DVOCATES OF THE no-break fast fad will find no support in the report of causes of the late Paul Morton's sudden death, at an age when a man should be in the prIme.of life. One of his physicians used the term, "an un balanced ration." And Mr. Morton's brother said: "Paul ate sparingly. For breakfast he would sometimes eat only a grapefruit For luncheon hu would eat a sliced orange and nibble at sweets. Hia diet was un balanced, and his blood lacked the elements of Btrength."" One would suppose that Paul Mor ton would have been the last man In the country to take up with a starva tion fad. His case, however, as thus reported, is only one of many showing that it Is not wise or safe to go to extremes in the matter of eating and drinking. Those who insist that most people eat too much are probably right, but it does not follow that a man doing work that exhausts vital forces should eat al most no nourishing food, or only one square meal a day. There may be people who can get along fairly well without any breakfast and next to no luncheon, but they are exception al cases. The average adult who has a day's work or any kind of activity ahead of him needs a good, substan tial breakfast. The necessary heat to keep the material human machine going can be provided only by food fuel, and it is as foolish if rather more refined for one to starve him self to death as to bring about his demise by gluttony. The senate committee on com merce has approved the project of a 30 foot channel from the Willamette to the sea, and the Bourne amend ment appropriating $250,000 for work thereon during the next year. If the amendment Is accepted by the house, as Is probable, it is under stood that this project will hereaf ter come into the continuing contract SEVEN NOBLE WOMEN Florence "God has a bright example made of thee, To show that womankind may be Above that sex which her superior soem. Cowley. Florence Nightingale, one of the noblest women of the present century, died less than six months ago, having celebrated her ninetieth birthday on May 12 last Notwithstanding Jits own great sorrow occasioned by the death of his father. King Edward VII., King George V sent the following telegram to Miss Nightingale: "On the occasion of your ninetieth birthday I offer you my heartfelt congratulations, and trust that you are in good health." And not only from the king, but from every part of thv British realm, In fact from all parts of "tha, world, this "veteran queen of nut-ses" : was made, to feel the general appreciation of her noble deeds. No Woman had more honors thrust upon her than had Florence Nightingale. Sho was tho ohly woman upon whom the Order of Merit had been conferred, and she. was the second woman to re ceive the freedom of the city of London. No subject of the king was more ten derly enshrined in the hearts of the peo ple than the heroine of the Crimea. The-djfflculty of procuring a suitable nurse during an illness in her own fam ily, drew Miss Nightingale's attention tq the need for training educated women to replace the "Sairy Damps" and "Betsy Prigs."; She set about to make herself such a one, and visited hospitals both at home and abroad, studying the subject most carefully. She was en gaged In hospital work when the Cri mean war broke out The suffering of the soldiers in the autumn of 1854. af ter the battle of the Alma, sent a thrilTl of Indignation throughout England. The government had decided, at the outbreak of the war. ; not to . send out women nurses, as the class were so disreputa ble. "Tho allies of that country had their eistertof Charity to attend to their sick, but the British army was practi cally without nursing provision nthe,dUemmajBidney.IIerbartrLtlie war minister, bethought himself of his friend, Florence .Nightingale,, and wrote asking her to organize and take out a band of nurses to -the relief of the sol diers, as he believed her to be the "one woman in England" who had the train class, the 'government being definite ly committed tpXits steady1 jfroseQU tion : and early .completion. There must be no let ud of effort till there' a 40 foot channel over the bar. , .. Senator Heyburn is another deaf and blind statesman.-. He says he has no evidence that the people of Idaho desire an amendment of the constitution providing forc;the pop ular election of senators, and he crlt lclses the Idaho legislature for pass ing a memorial In favor of such an amendment. Yet Senator Heyburn may -not be so blind and deaf as he seems. He may he aware that such a change In the manner of electing senators -would preclude the possi bility of .hia reelection -; Having made a careful recount on its own motion, The Dalles finds that its population is ,6714, Instead of 4880, as announced by the census bureau. In all probability the home count is nearer correct than the of ficial .count. Some other Oregon cities were presumably undercounted to about the same extent - Annuities for Teachers. From the Spectator. . : Approval should be given the bill pro viding for creation of the Retirement Fund association, and for granting an. nuitles to retired teachers in the school districts In Oregon having more than 10,000 children of school ate. In these days of expression of continuing Inter est In faithful workers, emphasized by the best Judgment of business men, the establishment of this system of annui ties will bs giving recognition to a class of public workers who are among the most faithful and most useful instru mentalities In the social order. Their occupation makes peculiar demands on their devotion to duty. If we honor the victories of - war by caring for the widow and the orphan and the disabled members of society who bore the brunt of battle, we should remember that peace has her conflicts, and those who are In the line of struggle, to instill In the minds of the young that whloh will make them useful members of society, are performing a most notable and valu able service. . The basis of the proposed fund will be as follows: Contributions by teach ers, $1 a month for the first period, of 10 years' service, $2 a month for second 10 years, and $3 a month for the third 10 years; Interest on a permanent fund of $50,000,' which shall be accumulated before any moneys contributed by teach ers will be available for annuities; and 2 per cent or the revenue from the Ir reducible state ' school fund appor tioned to the district. Annuitants must qualify as follows: They must have taught 30 years; must have contributed $600 to the fund; those having years to their credit may have these years count ny matting up DacK aues, with 8 per cent compound Interest. There are oth er Incidental regulations, but these are the more Important Analysed careful ly, It will clearly appear that compara tively little Is asked from the state. It Is a very worthy measure and should receive general Indorsement. In some conntrlea In Europe for many years annuities have been paid teachers, and in this country 18 states provide for their aged and retired teachers. New Tork Democratic Insurgents, . From the New York Evening Post. The new Declaration of Independence at Albany goes beyond the question of the senatorshlp. There is manifest in it a determination to withstand Murphy throughout, in his attempt to Tammany ise the state. These resolute Democrats who have banded themselves together to prevent Murphy from forclns- an un fit senator upon the legislature, may also De countea upon to block his way In any schemes which he brings out for legislation of, for and by Tammany. It la this larger aspect of the revolt which makes it seem so full of promise for the future as well as stirring In Us Immediate effect The stand which these men have taken Is well described by them as for "the welfare of the Dem ocratic party." They are fully aware that nothing could so blight and shrivel its fair prospects as proof that a Demo cratic legislature was to be completely under so brutal and stupid a domina tion as that of Murphy. And their de fiance of the Tammany boss Is good not only for today, but for tomorrow. It is a sharp challenge to his preten sions from the very start; and the ex planation of the fury which this blow in the face has aroused in Murphy lies in the fact that even his dull mind can perceive that not only Is his bargain with the men behind Sheehan in danger of being dashed to the earth, but that all his plans for legislative chicanery are Imperiled, and his vecy position as Tam many boss left wide open to attack. Nightingale. ing for the task. His letter crossed one from Miss Nightingale, offering her services. , When she reached the scene of war oonditlons were deplorable. It was the testing moment of her life. This delicate, high-bred woman showed the mettle she was made of. The manner In which she battled with red tape and officialism to bring order out of chaos In the huge caravansary of suffering hu manity has been eloquently told by Klnglake. She was the lady-In-ehief ac credited by the government with the control of the nursing in all the hos pltals both on the Bosphorus and in the Crimea where the soldiers lav. an the execution of her task she brought ouiuo tniicmm upon ner head, but she won the everlasting thanks of the sol diers. Miss Nightingale spent a year and eight months in the Crimea, and not unti; peace was declared did -she quit the scene of her heroio labors. And modest woman as she was. upon her return home she traveled under an as sumed name to avoid a publio ovation, and went quletly'to her family at Lea Hurst. Of her aid and comfort to the soldiers Francis Bennoch has beautifully said: "Neglected, dying in despair They lay till woman came.' i To foothe them with her gentle caVe, And feed life's flickering flame. When wounded sore, on fever's rack. Or cast away as slain, . She called their fluttering spirits back And gave them Btrength, again." People of all classes' subscribed to a fund that amounted to more than $200, 000 as a testimonial upon her return home, but Instead of using this money for her own purposes, she endowed the Nightingale home, the ploneer,of nurses' training schools. The remainder of her life was devoted to furthering the spread of hoepitai and nurjlng reform. , Miss Nightingale's devotion to human ity throughout the terrible Crimean war ha ben-Ui admiration -t he-world for more than half a century, and future generations will rise up to bless her on account of her noble work In behalf of sutferlng. v Tomorrow Elizabeth Fry. Fortifying tke Canal From the NY Evening Port President Tafts speech on th'frtlfl- cation of the Panama canal shows how even such a man "as be la can be over- com by, the military obsession whl6h -Infects the air at Washington, Tha orig inal: Idea of an Isthmian canal is now in danger of being entirely forgotten. It ' was to be a great highway of commerce., a new triumph and pledge of peace; but suddenly It has become exclusively a part of our coast defenses, a military' Instrument, a thing to tight over. From the single fact of the Oregon's voyaj from the Paclflo In 1898 we are to Infer that our entire national "conception -of the canal, up to that year. Is to be thrown over, and that we are to think of it as simply site for guns and the scene of battles. And how do tha mili tarists meet th argument that the neu tralisation of the canal in peace and In warcan be effectually guarded by sol emn International treaties Why, by cynically replying that such treaties are not worth tl.s paper they, are written on; that every nation, Including our own, stands ready to violate Its plight d faith I Such Is the view of human nature, such the idea of national hon or, which militarism would make our dally food. It will next be telling us that every member of the Hague tri bunal ought to have a knife In his boot, and a revolver handy, so as to be fully "prepared" when the throat cutting ' and the shooting In the back begin. Oregon a Chauvinistic Bourbons From, the Medford Mall-Tribune, One -distinguishing eharacteristlo marks the old-line machine politicians of Oregon total Inability to analyst pub 11c opinion and denne stupidity in learn ing lessons from previous blunders. Chauvinistic Bourbons, they continue the worship of the setting sun, long after It has sunk amidst the darkening mists of oblivion. V Like the exiled nobility of the French revolution, they childishly and confi dently expect a restoration' that will put them back at the pie counter, un able to comprehend the fact that the old order changeth, that out of the oon fuslon and turmoil of an electorate seeking escape from the reign of cor ruption and privilege, a new order Is arising, In which altruism replaces cyn icism and the rule of the people the rule of the corporations. Overwhelmed by repeated defeat, dis credited again and again, these political spiders after each bouse cleaning start anew weaving cobwebs of Intrigue and obstruction only to be swept ruthlessly aside by tha reform broom. Jay Bowerman made his campaign for governor upon abuse of Jonathan " bourne. The November eleotlon Indicat ed its popularity. And now Mr. Bower- ' man and his allies are making the hall of the capltol at Salem resound with mere vituperation of the same kind. Why? Mr. Bourne la not an Issue. But the politicians are rapidly making him one. In efforts to discredit popular gov ernment, which is dear to the hearts Of the people, they are making Mr. Bourne, whom the people do not care about the leader of the people's capse. The more Mr. Bourne Is attacked the Stronger will he become. Negleot In attention would destroy him, but to continually, without . provocation, assail him, to make him a martyr for popular government, to give him undue and un deserved prominence. Is to build up his political fortunes and make him. not only a possibility, but a probability. So the myopic politicians defeat their own ends and this glimpse of their tactics Is sufficient to explain why cap tained by folly they always fight a los ing battle. News Forecast of tke Lioming Week Washington, Jan. 28. President Taft. Secretary Knox, Justice Day and other prominent publio men who were inti mately associated with the late presi dent McKlnley will be the speakers at the banquet to be given Monday night by the Ohio society of Washington to commemorate the birthday anniversary of the martyred president. Schools, colleges, historical societies, typographical unions, editorial associa tions and various other organizations in many parts of the country will unite Friday in paying honor to the memory of Horace Greeley. The oocaslon will be the one hundredth- anniversary of the birth of the great editor. The new British parliament will as semble Tuesday for the purpose of swearing ' in the new member One week later the session, which is ex pected to be one of the most momentous of recent years, will be formally opened by the king with a full state oeremony. A special election will be held Tues day In the city of St Louis to decide upon tha acceptance or rejection of the new city charter. The most distinguish ing feature of the charter is the pro vision placing the great majority of the city officials and employes under the civil service. Ohly the mayor, comp troller, president of the board of as sessors and members of the council will remain as elective officers. Nearly all of the states of-the union, together with portions of Canada and Mexico, have sent exhibits to the fourth national corn exposition, which will be opened in Columbus, Ohio, Monday and continue for two weeks. In connection with tha exposition there will be held a number of notable conferences to dis cuss conservation, rural life and agri cultural problems. Of interest to followers of sport and athletics will be the annual meetings In New Tork at the uid of the week of the United States National Lawn Tennis association and the Intercollegiate Foot ball Rules committee. V Popular Election of Senator. From the Birmingham Age-Herald. The public service-has not felt an Im pulse equal to that which the senate Will impart if it forestalls publio sentiment by passing a joint resolution for an amendment of the constitution permit ting the states to provide for the di rect election of United States senators. The indications are that the senate will pass the resolution and the house surely will and then the great reform Will be fairly before the states for rati fication, It has been an issue about ten years, but if It can now become a part of the constitution It will be a great reform quickly brought about by publio sentiment More than ten years ago publio senti ment turned against conventions, bosses and machines, and then it dawned. on the people that direct action by the peo ple In all possible public matters is the true remedy for the Ills that affect the body. politics in this country. This sen timent has gone on gaining "strength year- by ygrrgnrif-thl8 T WThtexv the" senate meets publio sentiment In this matter it will indeed be a-great victory. Even if the. present, cpngreea. does not. do this the next congress will, for Jt Is one",of those revolutions that never go backward. - '-