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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 29, 1910)
I. Of. i.-e Kt IV.-!!:-! '1. '' liiSS -i vsli. J ITS; n.m., A-IV1.M. IuT bt Ut-IH.-tilK'nt j-.u want. ;n AnvKUTistva H. ukntatitr. n i Kerinor Oo., l;rant'f-k PoiliUnit, New, York; I-hT-oS boyc IMS, Chhtira. '. ' r.iiii FoWrHtloB T.-ttss hT mull or to nf idibeai iu u lulled stt), tjumiiai or . Mexico: v,; ZMLt. ... - , . . u year $5.00 I 0n month. JH SI" K DAT. One year... .... .$2.50 t 0i montn. .....,f .23 . DAILY AND SUNDAY One ri-r...- I On month I .85 Vunity bids til her. sons be ; generous' and brave, and ber daughters' -chaste and cdurteou Rev. Laurence Sterne. t:- OREGON'S RAILROAD ERA "til ,rt rr ORE MILES of railroad will be built ia Oregon during the next five years than in any other state In the unr Ion except Montana." In' these words, Theodore ' B. Wilcox quoted James J. HIH at the meeting of the Oregon Development league at Salem yesterday. ',. The wild is tamed, by transporta--tlon. Without transportation , .' in icoma form there can be no com merce or ' industry. " The products flare to reach - market or they - are of no value. i A commercial or industrial em pire is the product of transportation. !If the transportation should he with drawn from such, an empire already created, the industry and the com itcerce in it would perish. Witness ;tho 'stagnation, paralysis, waste and jloss that, attended the great car ashortag la this state a few years prfco. Mills closed down, products trotted,' employes were' thrown,, into itllencss nd business was stagnated. If Coring the next five years, Ore Sra Is to have more railroad tob ' SEirrrctlon than any other state ex Kept Hontana, ft jriH mean tremen kma progress for the state. That each." a railroad construction ,, will rcomo to pass was practically declared fby John P. Stevens a few weeks ago. !2t -wiH mean the denser settlement of 2an2a as . has , teen observed along -the- 2l3-cf the Oregon Electric. ItJ win mean Che opening tip and peo pling of territory that now sends nothing to market It will mean the production ,,of wheat and other staple -crops on lands that are now cropless. It will mean the estab- - Usbment of mills and the shipment of lumber from forests . not- yet "touched, by- the woodman's ax. It will mean the expenditure of. vast sums of railroad capital, and the en listment of that capital in a great endeavor to build up traffic by stim ulating production., , . - There is no way to foreshadow) the tisufruct to be yielded by thai prom ised railroad construction, i It marks the end of that unfortunate period ia which the state was literally bot tled up by a single railroad line.1 It touches forces into action that should in a tew years give Oregon more growth than the state: has exper ienced, in 20 years. It should put the whole state on the qui vive of activity and ; make '.enterprise and progress the watchword m every community. . ' ' TLAIfimO OREGON'S GROWT1I j" HOWARD ELLIOTT of the North- I I era pacmc says Oregon needs i I 1 more 'population. ; So it does. President Kerr of the Oregon Agricultural college proposes a plan that may be a first aid in securing it A system of experiment stations for testing the practicability of trri- 3kra ia the Willamette valley is a art of Dr. Kerr's plan. He would conduct the. experiments, not in one county, but in several This ia neces sary, in order to meet the varying conditions. of. scdV moisture, air audi otber Influence - in' plant growth. He woald have the various experi ments directed from the state col 3cge, and for aid therein would act la cooperation with the federal gov ernment In the visit to Washington from which, he' has Just returned, . Presi dent Kerr discussed his plans , with the divisions of plant Industry, irri- catlon and other officials of. the de partment of agriculture and national xperhnent statlofL ' Some of them lormeriy made experiments in Irri gation in tbe Willamette valley, but gare op the work. J Dt. K8rr has se cured from them the promise to co- cperate with the state in continuing trpertments, sharing the cost eaual ly with the state, the work to be con ducted Jointly by the' state college md the federal, government In former experiments by the col lege and the gorernment in coopera tion, splendid results were achieved. In (several crops increased yields of 55 to ISO per cent were secured. Dr, Tierr confidently believes that the ag gregate : crop yield of ' the valley could be enormously- increased, and the returns to the average ' inhabi tant be correspondingly heightened. . Bat there are problems that must tj worked out What crops ftre best united to Irrigation, how much water must be used;wben it must be ap- I llc.l, and many other oneBtlons have , 1 1 b determined. ; To ascertain this, f oi to lay down rules for the guid Etjce of those on the land is the mis t 'm of the proposed experiment sta- t!:m. One wny to get people Into Oregon t.i to show them hrv and where to r-t a -f wd -irnn gr-Trnure-'Sn si In llio Willamette valley can be to y!dd twe or three times - . t r.-.--. a ; t' . i : i ; I. r i lit-;.' aMJ popa',:: a. .r.:.-.t vnh Dr. Kerr's r'n a rnu-o.-'tU for a dry land exporbK nt sla'ion la Harney county, and for a horticultural and irrigation station in southern Oregron. Promise of co operative aid for both was" also se cured by President Kerr In his re cent visit to Washington. The claims of both sections are well understood, and so are their needs. The big sys tems of new railroads that are being projected "and , constructed through out 'the state offer transportation. Such a system of agricultural Inves tigation as is proposed will Taring the people and supply the traffic. A dry farm station at Moro and an irrigation station at Hermiston, con ducted Jointly by the federal govern ment and tbe state college have been in operation for several months. It was because of excellent results and prospects of results at these stations that President Kerr was enabled to Induce the federal , authorities to en tor into the plans now proposed. THE CASE OP SCGAK I T IS IN A civil action that, the federal government Is proceeding against the'sugar trust The pur pose is to dissolve the trust and prevent it from doing business here after as a combination in restraint of trade. The proceeding is similar to that brought against Standard Oil and the tobacco trust now pending before the : United ; States supreme court - There is a far better way'' to deal with these people. In Its complaint the government .'sets forth, that in 1887, there were 23 independent su gar refining' companies, and that Havemeyer and 16 other-companies, representing 9 0. per cent of the trade, c'omblnecL an d gained control of the business. It describes : the j methods employed'1 to gain ; control of other refineries as Illegal. "It al leges that - underhand methods and I false pretenses were resorted to. It alleges that the companies pretend ed to.be engaged In competition were In reality controlled by tbe same management and that the whole scheme was intended to exercise complete control of the sugar trade. The complaint further alleges that price-fixing wag one of the objects of the combination; and price Juggling was the means employed to get hold of the sugar Industry. All these acts are in direct viola tion of the Sherman anti-trust law. and the Sherman anti-trust law has a criminal provision. ' 4 By the gov ernment's own complaint theoffl- cials of the trust , are guilty of violat ing the criminal provision of 'the Sherman law, but not one of them is prosecuted under that provision. It remains a fact that one pf these big (law breakers' sent to the peni tentiary unaer : toe, criminal provis ion of the Sherman law would be more effective in dissolving the trust and in preventing a repetition of its violations of the law, than would a thousand civil actions, such as the government has- brought The sugar tniBt was the guilty party in one of the greatest scan dals ever known in this country,' It confessed its guilt at , the bar of Jus tice by making restitution of $2,136,- 000 of stealings in customs duties ob tained from the federal government through short weights at the port of New York. For the stealings, of wnich this was but a part, a few pet ty government ' and trust f officials have ,been sent to federal prisons,! but not one of the trust magnates who profited from the. frauds has felt the hand of the law. So great has been ita power that though its frauds were known during the Roose velt ' administration, no hand was lifted in prosecuUion until Mr. Taft became president ; Even now, with the ugliest of criminal records stand ing f against ' the combination, the present proceedlngv is a civil , action with no effort to "make the magnates answer punittvely for the offenses they have committed against the x:-; " The government's complaint tells 03 of things the trust has done that we know to be violations of the criminal law, We know' In addition that the trust has," controlled con gress, and that for years it has con trolled the tariff on imported sugar. We know that for years; it has lev ied tribute in higher prices on every home in the United States. What we would all like to know is, what other things would these-sugar people have to do before the ; Just punishment would go to them that we daily -visit on other criminals. - " lEf CAIJFOIOTA . .J. . ... N SHTB OP. its new primary law, California seems to be confront- ; ed ' with a bitter fight over the senatorship.' . The lines are al I ready sharply drawn and the oondM tiocs ripening for an ugly struggle In the legislature, . . . ' In her brimary law, California dW not incorporate -the ' Oregon plan of selecting, senator; : If sl' bad, ,,' the issue wtrd 'hAve', "been ; &tyl No-' vember 8, and but a few minutes of the legislature's . m would have been required in completing the cer emony. . ' 1 . Instead, California adopted' tbe ad visory plan, and in consequence, two senatorial candidates loom large on the horizon One is A, Q. Spalding, who carried in the election a major ity of ; the senatorial and assembly districts from which Republican members were ehosen. Under - the California primary, he is technically the advisory nominee. lie is, of course, an active candidate. . Judge John D. Works of Los An geles is SIbo a capdldate. Hare- celVeraelutaFfote-in the -elec tion, find that; Js one of his strong claims to the ssenatorshin. Another w i n. : ; 1 1 the ; :ty to 1 r. V, t: tbo stru :'3 t .) 1 Tlio put-' on rood fighting proui;,!. reau of ench is a :'. :ty bu- Uve, ar,l a seaator- ial battle Is on with as nuch funs and fury as tlioush the -people had not votea their -prercrencrs in the' late election. How far Into the leg islative session tie contest will go, and how much it win disturb busi ness and influence legislation are questions that time alone can an swer - V '" . . . Similar contests arisa in many of the states that rely npon the advis ory vote. Illinois rejected the peo ple's nominee, and -elected Lorimer after a five months' legislative dead lock and In one of the most corrupt elections ever known. , Kentucky re jected the people's nominee, who was a Democrat and a Democratic legislature elected a Republican Sen ator. The Oregon legislature before the prqsent system, went into effect rejected Geer, the advisory nominee, and elected Fulton. ' Y ; ' The present Oregon plan solves the dlfficulty, saves the legislature from bedlam, and gives the people actual and effective choice of senator. MARION, COUNTTS STUNT T HE ENDOWMENT fund Of WU lamette university will be In creased to )500,000,v providing S 100.0 00 of this amount Is raised in Marion County, It is also desired to raise $50,000 for a mem orial building on the campus, to con tain a great auditorium for general use. . The Salem Statesman says it "will be hard work-to raise the $100,000, b u t it will be raised." . The predlcr tlon ; in the last clause should cer tainly be made good, and it ought not o be a very hard task, m such a cause, and in bo rich a city as Sal em and countr as Marlon, to raise this ampunt : Willamette college is the Oldest in stitution of the kind in the state. It may bave been handicapped by being to some extent a sectarian' instittf tlon, but its work has deepened and broadened, and it is worthy of the Bupport of all sorts of Marlon coun ty people. Wealthy Methodists in particular ought to come liberally to the front' now in this $100,000 matter. If Mr. Eaton of Union coun ty; and Mr. Booth of Lane county could donate sums aggregating. about two thirds ; of ; this amount surely there are enough wealthy or well-to-do people In Marion county to make this $500,000 endowment fund sure. Such an institution at the county seat and, state capital is worth much to the property owners of that conn ty. And with this endowment the irniTersity will expand and improve, and be a greater Bource' of pride and satisfaction from year to year. Be sides, 'as the Statesman suggests, it will be a Bplendld advertisement for Marlon county and Salem. HAW FOR CHINA TOO ACCORDING to the Journal of ' the American-Asiatic associa tion, the, Chinese government v , has about a billion dollars in gold which was overlooked by the allied Christian Boldlerx when Xhey looted the imperial palace in Peking. This great treasure is said to bave lain for years untouched in , the se cret vaults, an aggregation of trib ute of many years paid by the prov inces to Empress Tel An and hr predecessors. , Now what do the modernists of China propose to do' with this vast sum of money? ; They . might build railroads and wagoi roads, improve rivers' and barbors, open mines, es tablish ; industrial schools, and ir rigate arid lands; but they . will do no such foolish things.' They Intend to build a great navy. They also have the great navy itch. China is becoming "civilized,'!, if yon please, find so must have a big navy like the other civilised and the "Christ ian'' powers. ; - k ;"1 . Every" nation must have ' great navy f nowadays, whether - it raises any crops or has any commerce or carries on any improvements or not, and If its people . are starving to death, The world is navy mad. 3 . KAmKOAD RATC3 A' S AIT EXCUSE for rabing-rates, the railroads plead that they are not making moae. : The Chicago bureau -of ;- railway news and statistics has shown that during the fiscal year ended on Jane 30,: 1910, the gross earnings of all railroads tn the United States were 2779,246,868. "vllwas'banner year for railroad traffic. The next highest year was 1801, but !1Q beat 1907 In gross earnings by $190,' 141,290, while expenses were only $92,609,953 ; greater; ,and the net income from operation was J37.53 1,- 337 greater. Taxes increased to the amount of $23,321,000 and new cap ital by $2,000,000,000. Note ; , this ' xast enormous Bum. Whlle a large increase of capital was doubtless, necessary, it is to be sus pected . that a large portion of it was in the nature of inflation, for the very purpose of furnishing an excuse for-raising rates. -The peo ple are wining to pay a very liberal income on all actual investments in railroads; . they I are ; not willing to pay on vast quantities of "water," : Fining the big criminal trusts ef fects no good for the people, rather harm ..The trusts pay th. fines, and pocket big money .besides, by rais ing prices or reducing wages, or both,' Send the higher-ups to jail L,4 4 t. A 3 i Yot- t I'.si-js'is. To "tho Editor of The Journal V.-'t. answer through your columns tl.e f lowlns questkins: To whom and where wouM a person writa to muke arpllca tlon for government ranger, or-fcatiter. in Oregon And Washington? SUBSCRIBER. (Writ1 to tb United States Forest Bc-rvlcft, Beck building, FortUndJ The City of the Future. Who can tell what the city of th futor -will be UkeT Everyone la rntitled to his' guess. That of Eugone Ilenard, municipal architect of Paris, communi cated by, him to the delegates to the In ternational Town-Planninff : Conference recently assembled la London, Is full of1 Ideas which stamp him a a man of Imagination In touch with the march of modern progress. Here is the substance of what he said: , ' ' Light and energy -will be conveyed by electricity. Petrol and oxysen will sap ply heat. , Liquid air" will keep up'; re frigeration in every larder. In addition to heat radiators there will be cold radi ators, which will enable each house to be kept at the required temperature. By this power It will be possible to provide In each, house one or more health cham bers closed byclose fitting double win dows and doors to .which the overworked occupant on his return from town will find all the' hyg-lenlo conditions which now he can obtain only bytaldng an an nual holiday. Glass verandas of, various shapes Joined together and with covered footpaths, according: to standard models, will shelter, pedestrians against rain, and the normal height of buidings will be exactly the width of the street The roofs of houses win be platfdrma upon which small flower beds : arid verdant shrubberies could be laid out. as they would be the landing Ftaees for aero planes. When this progress shall have been accomplished the -physiognomy of towns will be changed. aH terraces will nave oecome landing Btajres for flvlnir automobiles, -f Aviators will be able to fly from one terrace to another starting and landing as. they please. The naturtl consequence of this new state of things w oe mat eacn Dunamg will have to be furnished with big elevators capable of raising machines when they are ready i start ana taKtng them back to the garage on their return. Houses of this description will also be used to house motor ears. .Finally the town of the future will be traversed by large radiat ing thoroughfares, occupied partly by raised platfarmsv continually moving. which will Insure rapid commnnieatlon between the different sones. These" plat forms will be terminated by large re volving crossways at the Intersection of th main roads. Large parks and flow er gardens as residence and pleasure re sorts win be laid out u various parts VJ. Ul WWO. , :"" ' Age OM Problem. . From th Detroit Newa Much has been beard of late about movements undertaken with a view to getting men back to the' land, -and B. F, Yoakum la again raising the cry. Var ious allurements have been proposed. A good many statesmen and economists bave approached the task of resisting the evident trend of population from farm to city as If It were at- new prob lem with which they were confronted. Yet it iS not Even on tM nnMr..f it Is -an old question. The means of olving It have varied greaUy f rom ! time to Ume. Today, the. hope la that the farmer, with his telephone, automo bile, ; trolley line, 4 good roads, dollar wheat, 37-cent eggs, 88-cerIt butter and devices for saving labor, will come to see his advantae ever th eft viw.i. ler and stick to his open-air employ ment Time was when no such Induce ments were held out to hlnxv Force was used to compel him to interest himself In his fields. Addressing the agrarians of Canada in the early days of the eighteenth century, th tntendant Bigot proclaims: : . . - "We proUWt aad foTbld j you to re move to this town (Quebec) under any pretext whatever, without our permis sion in writing. , on pain bfL being ex- peuea ana sent back to renr farm. your furniture and goods confiscated, and a fine of 60 livres laid on you for "IO """"I or um nospitala. And,' fur thermore, we forbid all Inhabitants of the city to let houses or rooms to per sona coming from the country, W pain of a fine of 100 livres; also applicable to the hospitals." , ,bna it - was that absolutism cried . l09 ' fSLrmr Wi aucceed In the -desired .Objeetivei , Well, hardly, for though it could keep the farmers ?. m, U 00014 not them till their lands. Ths agrarians took to the woods, . Tbe noodlnmincs of London. From the Detroit Free Press. xun women wno seek a share In the government of Great Britain r nin, their best to demonstrate their utter un- uuicbs wr sucn responsibility. It has often been remarked by cynics that the almost indeflnible onalltv m.n .ti "honor, which has no relation what ever to morals, , Gamblers have h to a high degree; business men regard it -as the 'first essential in those they deal ww Speculators cannot prosper with out it; thieves hve a mort at tr own; and even lower walks In Ufa maa- ei a sort or proreeaional ethics for which they are often ready ta make heavy jsacriflcea. It would be, almost Impossible to imagine our courts run by women, even though the Judges were selected from U verr choicest of the sex. They are not Just and that Is partly what men most love them for; foe If they were merebMoat to thetr aons and husbands and brothers and wrvra, wnax wouia oecome of the male half of hwnanityt 'V?e ask from there a higher quality than 5uBtiAAiirto- nesA lov pity and human life la tol erable only because we get them in a more or less generous measure. No husband would ask his wife to be merely fair to-htav' If she were b mign smrr der htm In bls-sleeo. - It is the emotional, std of -woman that we appeal to and that appeals to us. But that is the reason why her sense of jujtuco ana xairness is not always highly developed, and why net1 sense of what men can "honor" Is so often lacking In The Country's Outlook. From the Boston ninw , The figures on exnorts ni of the United States for October show u. ura muance oa trade for i that "."A., i ta onr ,avop iy more than .uu,ouu, wmcn 13 an increase over September of nearly $35,000,000. These statistics show that the country Is in an excellent position. During the early part nf . this year, when the trade bal ance was against us, there were dire predictions that, the country this fall would face a panic The cry of the calamity howlers has been silenced, and we have passed through an important election that has disturbed : trade but utile.",. ., ' ..... The ;' truth is . thattthe natMn in n the mend. The period of adjustment !s atyet enureiy -enflpa,"Twrt ' with gool crops, some of them of bumuer, man. tlty, as a back Jog, the prosperity of the country cannot be shaken. These same -crops, particularly corn, -will slow- :p tour!, t tr::vul , 1 sK.h.t.'.l. Now shine. 13 hea 'a 3 If nevr"bp.fore. a front at his funeraX mm f."ts ta ths The lotic-er TelJr i f it, the more it Is suspected ' that be hi us his eye on 1912. A Pennsylvanta man bonrht a wife for $75, and kicked about the high cost of living. . In a week eonsrpss win be tn eepslm, and Uncle Joe will be speaker, for thd last time, 4 TTncle Jim Itlll and other big raflroad men are manifestly much Interested in Oregon at last. Ant editor congratulates himself that heaven is not a pay-as-you-enter affair. Neither Is the other place brother. Some women Imagine that people think they are very beautiful, whereas tney are only considered -stunning. .'. . ' 'i.'1 The Los Angeles Times wants to know why It Is necessary "to to tip a waiter, after one has paid about twice what the meal Is worth, J A news Item says that when Maxim Gorky, now living ta Italy, heard of Tolstoy's death, he fainted. Then he be came a Maxim mum. After a few days of preliminaries wm gress will adjourn for .the holidays. It's a pity that those fellows have to work so hard and steadily. ' William J. Bryan preached in two of the Presbyterian churches of ' Dallas, Texas, Sunday. As a preacher, Bryan could have made a great success. - . : ". :"',.'..;.'-,.,,'.:"' After a person has paid 49 cents for a little slice of beefsteak, reading mean while that, tne price of meat has dropped, he wonders how much a big beef critter comes tq at restaurant prices... ; ' A marriage license was granted today to a man aged 37 years and a girt aged 18 years. - Naturally under" the circum stances they want It kept from the pub lic and the names are not given to the press. Salem Statesman. This discrep ancy4n age is nothing shocking. A man of 87 Is quite. different from one of 77, such as some iyoung women marry, In order to become rich yeung widows. But at 37 a man is young yet Thirty years .ence the man may be about as young as the woman. November 29 in History-Polands Revolt Today the Poles of i every city in the country, as well as In aU parts of the world, will celebrate the anniver sary v of the commencement of their great struggle against Bussla tn 1830. The initial act which led to the upris ing of the whole people and protracted H for, two years, was( the revolt of the School of Ensigns, in Warsaw, on the night of November 29, 1830. , V - One hundred and sixty 'students at tacked the Russian cavalry In the bar racks nearby; a party of six, together withJL2 students from the "Warsaw uni versity, attacked and ransacked the Belvedere palace, '' with, the Intent of capturing Constantlne, the ; governor general, who, however, had hid himself among his women servants and escaped. The band of the ensigns roused the dty population, a part of the - Polish contingent of the garrison 'was gained over, the arsenal -seized and 40,000 car bines distributed to the people. In the morning Constantlne, with his Russian regimentst withdrew from the city and Warsaw was frets .; -- .4-,'i. ; The kingdom of Poland, newly creat ed by the eongwea of -Vienna in 1815 and passed over to Alexander I as his reward for participating'1 In the defeat of Napoleon, enjoyed at that time a re stricted constitution, with a diet in Warsaw and a standing Polish amy of 80,900. But even this constitution was oonstantly violated. The governor gen eral, Grand Duke Constantino, the czar's elder brother, possessed almost , dicta torial ' powers and he exercised them. That territory of the old Poland which was not Included In the new kingdom was burdened with a heavier despotism than Russia proper. A struggle was Imminent inevitable. ' . : , v In June of the tame year a revolu tion In France abolished the Bourbon regime and instituted a' new dynasty. the Orleans, In the person of Louis Philippe. Czar Nicholas refused to rec ognize the change and was contemplat lng a war with France. Secret orders were given to mobilise the army. The Polish regiments, being nearest the front were planned to be the first to take the field, , Discovering the danger, not ao much -of war, as the plana to attack a friendly" and liberty-loving people, the Poles, who stood higher In the counsels of the nation, decided that tbe time had come for an insurrection and meant to turn the same portion of the ' army in the service of Russia gainst Russia .itself. The insurrection was planned carefully and the Initiative given to the- School of Knsigns. After Constantlne1 s retreat from War saw a national government was organl- ly but surely brtng down the price of meats. The next congress Is committed to a downward revision of the tariff, and if congressmen carry oat their pledges relief should come from high prices on clothing and . other necessaries. ' ' With adequate crops, the balance of trade heavily In our favor and prom ised downward revision of the tariff, the people can face the future with con fidence. Love a Terrible Thing." : - -I went out to the farthest meadow. I lay down in the deepest shadow. And I said unto the earth, "Hold me." And unto the night "Oh. enfold met" And X begged the little leaves to lean Low and togethr for a. safe- screen. . Then te the stars Itold nrytole:- v "That is my home-light, there In the vale, . "And, oh, I know that I shall return," But let me lie first 'mid the unfeeling fern, "For there Is a flams' that has blown too ,-. . near, ? And there la a name that has grown too dear, And there is a feaz. mH& to the' stfa hills and coot earth - and far sky I made mown. The heart In my bosom Is not my own I Oh. would. I were free as tbe wind on tbe wing; ... , Love ia a terrible thing!" - r Century' Magaaina ' " . "Pitiless Publicity." From the Boston Globe. ' ' The puWic has very slight knowledge of tbe operations of federal and state governments. - The people understand in a general way that this or that plan is to be tried, but what . really occurs in the course , of months and years es capes their notice ; because oflack ,of due publicity as to the malhodS of pub lic officials. To be sure, annual reports are submitted, but ' these are usually very mystifying to readers, v This lack of publicity-Is beginning t 1 r O I tiC i.O t' 1 I 1 I r vr It. . 5 -. A i Tie 1 J it 'v r. u-J.uuil. At Fort'-nl rmri bOBtrht spv-pral firms, i- -:re itmg 5?utl acres, n. -ir Sher idan. 1ji wia at once plnnt J'-'O acres to apples and cherries, and intends to convert the whole into ideal fruit farms. Man recently' from California bought 600 acres, with option on 4U0 more, near Sheridan, lie will at once be;!n Im proving the property and a portion of it will be subdivided and placed upon the market ia small tracts. ' . A Portland florist has bought ft few acres on the Scappoose creek and is preparing to raise roses for market A nurseryman demonstrated this -year that the crock is ideal for all kinds of flowers and vegetables. ' Cerreirpondenee of Clatskanie Chief: The farmers of Yankton "and Bachelor flat neighborhood have a carload of apples picked and boxed, which will be sent to St Paul, Minn. Yankton ia fast becoming a great fruit country. " The, seepage lakea; covering some thing like 400 acres of valuable land on the Umatilla project near Hermis ton and forming one of the best duck preserves In Oregon is to be drained by the government and the land will be reclalinedJ . f ' Some of X. H. Bingham's friends (?) at Cottage Grove sent him by express a live buzzard, labeled: MA Thanksgiving turkey from . Nesmith county.". Mr. Bingham, will probably exhibit the fowl here at the annual poultry show as the best specimen of "Nesmith" poultry, says tbe Eugene Guard. .v''. . . ' " " Douglas - county's exports of fruits this year will exceed 300 carloads, or a solid train' considerably over two miles long. As this fruit will-average fully $1000 per car, the increased wealtit of the county is over $300,000 from that source alone. In a few years the an nual output will reach ten times that sum annually, says the Review. ' , . ',?-. - ' -:" ' 1 '..''" Approximately 1,800,000 fruit trees will be received and planted In the Rogue River-valley, according to an estimate made by Profesor P, J. O'Gnra. . This number of trees will be sufficient for 20,000 acres, which will make the total planted, area in the orchard district'of tile Itotrue Hirer' valley 85.000 acres. The majority of trees to be planted this eason will be pears, although many ap ples will be planted. , - . . . i: sed openly and the diet assembled! On the 25th of January, 1831, Czar Nicholas was solemnly and formally deposed as the King of Poland and the house of Romanoff forever deprived of the crown. If the present ruler still holds the title of $lng of Poland, be does so under the claim that his predecessors had been deprived of it by - duress. - If Poland shall again be free, which no patriot set ao far as the international law is concerned by reference to Poland's last legislative act in regard to Its kings. In February, 1831, Count Dybics, at the head of an army of 100,000 invaded Polish torritory. After a series of battles, In which the Poles were com pelled to retreat' the great battle of Grochiow was fought, in which the losses were , on the , Polish ;.; Bide 8000 arid .on the Russian 15,000- Yet some historians claim $hat the battle re sulted in a , Russian . victory. The whole Russian army was opposed , by only 48,000 Polea The claim of vic tory rests on the fact j that after the Russians were twice repulsed with heavy losses from a given point of attack and as night foil, the Poles Quietly retreated ..to -Warsaw; for re organization. In that battle 'some of the Polish generals .who were trained in Napoleonic wars were at the . head of the renowned Polish legions. In" April the Poles won the three great battles of Vaver, ; Dembe and Igenle against Immense jpdds, . but In May they lost the decisive battle of Ostrolonko and were this , time com pelled to :, retreat to Warsaw. , The siege of . Warsaw by Dybics. the capi tulation, the massacre, are well-known even in history. That remnant of th army that escaped, together "with the members of the diet and the govern ment passed tbe Prussian frontier and nearly all went to France, where they settled permanently. Thus ended the Insurrection of 1830. ' On .November 29, 182. the first Italian opera, "The Barber of Seville," in America, was given at New York, and the Erie and Champlain canal was completed' in 1825. Today is the blrth- aay or uiovanni Bellini (1616); Sir iTunp Sidney, poet (1654); Benjamin Chew, the eminent Pennsylvania Jurist tuzzj; Amos Bronson AlcoU. author (1T99); Wendell Phillips,- orator and re- lormer uii); William Ellery Channlng, poet and essayist 0818); and Louise M. Alcott author (1832). It Is the date of tne aeatn or Charles IV of Germany (1378); Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (1530); Marie Theresa, queen of Hungary (1780) and Horace Greeley (1872). - to', be felt keenly by ths' people, hence there la a kmd err fm. fnlla, tlon in regard to governnental affairs. T - . v u v. 1. ium puuniaiy, aw oovernor-eiect wood row Wilson puts It, shouM be "pitiless publicity,". All the , new Democratic gwvernors should bear this public de mand IS mind. Impartial and thorough Investigations of public finances and commissions and pubne report there on wQl be very acceptable to taxpayers. They will then know- how the public funds are distributed and can Judge for themselves whether such expenditure Is along prudent and sane lines. ' r ' ; By ail means, let us have" the fullest measure of "pitiless publicity" hereaf ter, bo , that the atmosphere may be cleared of much doubt and uspiolon now existing In every state, v The Cost of Economy. The cost of misguided governmental economy In the forestry service is cal culated in an article by G. W. Ogden, In Everybody's for December, at $659, 160.000, and two hundred human Uvea -Final and official figures on the damage resulting from the , burning of tho northwestern forests," The' writes, "cannot be given for many months. The following figures are not official, nor final, They - are based on ' estimates made two weeks after the fire. Gov ernment officials in the forestry ser vice in the burned district say this es timate is conservative, too low rather than too high: v Human "Iiws lest "(known) '. 7Z,.' . 81 Missing and unaccounted for., 125 Number equare miles burned..,, 2000 Market value of tim ber in forest $100,000,000 - Loss In young1 timber 50,000,000 Lobs "t to 1 railroads, , (burned district) ,. 8,000,000 . Loss to city of Wal- lace , ' 1,000,000 xo .. ne.iucrs , ana . uua.-, ber, companies ... 6,004,000 Cost of fighting fire 150,000 Loss in iabor to com- : munities burned .... 600,000,000 Total Iossl, .$C5IU 54,000 , The biggest deer; couple holdinis hands in broad daylight; the playful, dirty fingered kid on the . train who uses us for "it" lri"a game of tag; the fellow who squeezes in ahead, of" us at the theatre ticket" window. , : i SPEAKING OF STOPPEKS.' ' Billy Preston while out bunting had the good fortune . of stopping one big mallard one day this week. Blue Point M correspondence In Hastings (Nebraska) Tribune. - Whfn tbe ground Hums. One of the strangest facts observed ta , the forest fires which occasionally sweep over the woods of northern Mich igan and Minnesota, is the burning of the ground. Falling leaves, bark and twigs and dying plant life gradually accumulate in the forests. The rains " and dense shade keep the mass damn. I, Mosses grow on the surface of the de caying vegetaaon. The half rotted stuff settles down and hardens. Trees spring , up and their roots take hold , tn the peaty substance. .. Then comes a season of drouth, and the dampness slowly evaporates. A huriter or woodman or farmer builds a fire; or a railway engine drops a spark. The dry surface of the ground is ig nited and a slow cancer of fire eats deep among the roots of the trees, smol dering for weeks or months. Then one day a Btrong wind springe up. The trees, undermined by the fire, topple , over,, their roots throwing out showers of sparks and burning masses of tinder--like material Flames burst out in every direction, and, like a flash,' a forest fire Is in full, sweep. - ; - The forest fire - which occurred ta northern Minnesota a few weeks age , broke out in many plaoes at once, be cause many of, these smouldering fires . were simply awaiting tbe gale which ' sprang up on October 7. In this fire about 1600 square miles of country were burned. The thriving village of Beau- dette, with a populatloo ef 1200, and Spooner, with 850, were swept out of ex istence in an hour. Hundreds of rhome steadors," carving their farms out of the forests, lost their homes and saved their lives by lowering themselves into wells, or plunging into streama or ponds. Thirty lives were lost and 3004 persona were eft homeless, with food, : livestock, farm crops and machinery all gone. . - - v. When the agents of the American Red Cross reached the burned district they : realized that winter was at hand in this north country and that their- greatest task was the swift construction f a large number of shelters. It was a big lob, and it had to be quickly dona Here Is the manner in which the Red Cross rmet the emergency: Two simple designs for houses' were prepared, . of one and two rooms, re spectively. These required only a few standard sizes ef lumber, and tar paper took the place of shingles and plaster. ' Lumber was rushed id from Canada, the secretary of the treasury at Wash ington having waived the customs duty on supplies required by the Red Cross. A half dozen carpenters were hurried to ; the Bcene. Then - "building bees were organized, with one carpenter in command of each. A half dozen neigh bors, with saw and hammer, would help Ole Olson Stolid his house. Then all. In cluding Olson, would move along and build liana Hanson's house, and so on. The speed with which these houses were erected, h where several "bees" : were "humming" at the same time, was start ling. While this was going on the Red Cross was hurrying into th firs 'dis trict from Duluth and 8t Paul and Minneapolis big orders -of doors, win dows, stoves, bedding, 'Chairs, kitchen utensils and provisions. As rapidly as sthe little-houses were ready they were xurnisnea ana stacKea un wwa 1000 and the families moved in." t It was a desperate race with , winter, and the Red Cross won. While the race was at its swiftest there was not a busier spot between the oceans than tills black and . desolate , stretch of country along the northernmost rim of Minns-' BOta. Much remains to be done, but nobody is going to freeze or starve. The generous people of Minnesota sent in -supplies by the carload, and, what is more, they sent $75,000 in hard cash to the Red Cross for ' the help of the hardy and brave people who are.startlng all oyer again with characteristic Amer ican pluck, f , Mountains and -Sea. ' . 4 -, "From the Detroit Newa ' The ocean and the mountains have alwaya had a- strengthening . and lib eralizing , effect on , men; V No one ever ww- more than j one vr two: creeds at most represented in a mountain -district and at mid-sea all our divisions look puerile. The -other 'Sunday the I sun came up out of the rim of ths ocean and .' set the . passengers of an ocean liner in tune for a service of worship. A Dutch reformed clergy man ; was made master.: ef ceremonies and his first request was for' a Roman Cathollo priest , to read the Benedicts and lead the congregation la the Pater Noator. . Then a Gra-k priest, a priest Of the church of .Poland, an - Episco- palian minister and r Bn evangelical clergyman gave brief addresses, all In unison' with the Undivided , throb of the . mighty waters that bore them up. On land and In cities the different spires sometimes seem to etand for different graces, but at sea an is unity. , - . (CoDtriboted to Tbe Journal by Walt Uiaoa. the fanwoa KanMa tei proee-poems iirr a resnUr tee tart of, Uita ouluuin la Th Pailr Journal). : , When 1 was digging ditches I used to long for riches, I thought that Td be happy If I had coin to burn; I saw the wealthy speeding along the road unheeding; they blew in more for sto gies than I knew how to earn.' When I was loading gravel, I, longed and longed to travel, to scoot in palace coaches or sail across the eea; I said: "i have to labor like thunder while my neighbor is blowing in his bnndle, na busy n a bee" And now with wealth I'm load ed; alas! it eeems corroded; It doesn't seem to glitter tbe way it ought to do; my life is soft and easy, but I am fat and wheezy, I spend my days In yawn ing, and 1 am tired and blue. It's tire some to be wealthy; it's bettor to be healthy, with springing, actlvs mus cles., no- spavins on your iw!;- X wisIT that I could travel back to tbe days of gravel, when I could eat a bushel of good old ham and eggsl , , CoprrUrlrt. 1910, 1. " Pipe Dreams